implosion new

8/7/2019 Implosion New

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CONTROLLED DEMOLITIONCONTROLLED DEMOLITION

Controlled Demolition is the opposite ofControlled Demolition is the opposite ofconstruction.construction.

TheThe tearingtearing--downdown of of buildingsbuildings andand other otherstructuresstructures itit isis contrastedcontrasted withwith deconstruction,deconstruction,

whichwhich isis thethe takingtaking downdown ofof buildingsbuildings whilewhile

carefullycarefully preservingpreserving valuablevaluable elementselements forfor rere--useuse..


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METHODS OF CONTROLLEDMETHODS OF CONTROLLED

DEMOLITIONDEMOLITION Wrecking BallWrecking Ball

Using Equipments such as high reachUsing Equipments such as high reachexcavatorsexcavators

Hydro DemolitionHydro Demolition

Controlled Foam InjectionControlled Foam Injection

ImplosionImplosion


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WRECKING BALLWRECKING BALL

In case of masonry structure this method isIn case of masonry structure this method isvery useful. In this method a large heavy steelvery useful. In this method a large heavy steel

or iron ball is used. It is swung into theor iron ball is used. It is swung into thestructure with the help of a crane. When thestructure with the help of a crane. When the

ball hits the structure, it demolishes it.ball hits the structure, it demolishes it.


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USING EQUIPMENTSUSING EQUIPMENTS

For most of the building with less height, thisFor most of the building with less height, thismethod is useful to pull down the structure.method is useful to pull down the structure.

This method can be use for the ReinforcedThis method can be use for the ReinforcedConcrete structures too. The boom of theConcrete structures too. The boom of the

excavator is lengthened and the bucket pullsexcavator is lengthened and the bucket pulls

down the buildingdown the building


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HYDRO DEMOLITIONHYDRO DEMOLITION

HydroHydro--demolition is the technology that usesdemolition is the technology that usesextremely high pressure water jets that areextremely high pressure water jets that are

capable of removing concrete while notcapable of removing concrete while notdamaging the rebar. The maximum alloweddamaging the rebar. The maximum allowed

reaction force created by water is 250 N forreaction force created by water is 250 N for

hand held equipment and forces from 1000 Nhand held equipment and forces from 1000 Nup to 4000 N when the robots are used in thisup to 4000 N when the robots are used in this

processprocess..


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CONTROLLED FOAMCONTROLLED FOAM

INJECTIONINJECTION

This method is based on the use of highThis method is based on the use of highpressure foam to initiate, pressurize andpressure foam to initiate, pressurize and

propagate controlled fracturing in the concretepropagate controlled fracturing in the concreteand rocks. This method eliminates the air blast,and rocks. This method eliminates the air blast,

flyfly--rock and toxic fume problems.rock and toxic fume problems.


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IMPLOSIONIMPLOSION

AnAn implosionimplosion isis anan eventevent wherewhere somethingsomethingcollapsescollapses inward,inward, becausebecause thethe externalexternal

atmosphericatmospheric pressurepressure isis greatergreater thanthan thetheinternalinternal pressurepressure..

ForFor example,example, ifif wewe pumppump thethe airair outout of of aaglassglass tube,tube, itit mightmight implodeimplode..

AA buildingbuilding implosionimplosion isn'tisn't trulytruly anan implosionimplosion---- atmosphericatmospheric pressurepressure doesn'tdoesn't pullpull oror pushpushthethe structurestructure inward,inward, gravitygravity makesmakes ititcollapsecollapse..


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PRINCIPLE OF IMPLOSIONPRINCIPLE OF IMPLOSION

TheThe basicbasic principleprinciple ofof thethe implosionimplosion isis thatthat thethemainmain loadload bearingbearing structurestructure ofof thethe buildingbuilding isis

demolisheddemolished andand itit inin turnturn weakensweakens thethe buildingbuildingtoto fallfall withinwithin itselfitself notnot damagingdamaging thethe adjacentadjacent

structuresstructures..


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METHODS OF IMPLOSIONMETHODS OF IMPLOSION

TheThe buildingbuilding cancan bebe toppledtoppled toto oneone sideside wherewheretherethere isis aa parkingparking lotlot oror anan openopen groundground whichwhich

doesntdoesnt affectaffect thethe otherother structuresstructures surroundingsurroundingthethe buildingbuilding toto bebe demolisheddemolished


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TheThe explosivesexplosives arearekeptkept atat thethe basebase ofof

thethe buildingbuilding onon oneonesideside..

AsAs theythey explodeexplode

thethe balancebalance isis lostlostandand thethe buildingbuilding

topplestopples onon oneone

sideside..


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when the building to bewhen the building to bedemolished isdemolished is

surrounded by othersurrounded by otherstructures, it can bestructures, it can be

imploded that it fallsimploded that it falls

within itself withoutwithin itself without

damaging the adjacentdamaging the adjacentstructuresstructures


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EXPLOSIVESEXPLOSIVES

DynamiteDynamite

RDXRDX


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DYNAMITEDYNAMITE

DynamiteDynamite isis justjust absorbentabsorbent stuffingstuffing soakedsoaked inin aahighlyhighly combustiblecombustible chemicalchemical oror mixturemixture ofof

chemicalschemicals..

WhenWhen thethe chemicalchemical isis ignited,ignited, itit burnsburns quickly,quickly,producingproducing aa largelarge volumevolume ofof hothot gasgas inin aa shortshort

amountamount ofof timetime..


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DYNAMITEDYNAMITE

ThisThis gasgas expandsexpands rapidly,rapidly, applyingapplying immenseimmenseoutwardoutward pressurepressure upup toto 600600 tonstons perper squaresquare

inchinch..

WhenWhen thethe explosivesexplosives areare ignited,ignited, thethe suddensuddenoutwardoutward pressurepressure sendssends aa powerfulpowerful shockshock wavewave

bustingbusting throughthrough thethe columncolumn atat supersonicsupersonicspeed,speed, shatteringshattering thethe concreteconcrete intointo tinytiny chunkschunks..


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RDXRDX

CyclotrimethylenetrinitramineCyclotrimethylenetrinitramineisis calledcalled asas RDXRDX..

RDXRDX--basedbased explosiveexplosive compoundscompounds expandexpand atat aaveryvery highhigh raterate ofof speed,speed, upup toto 2727,,000000 feetfeet perpersecondsecond (i(i..ee..)) 88,,230230 metersmeters perper secondsecond..

InsteadInstead ofof disintegratingdisintegrating thethe entireentire column,column, thetheconcentrated,concentrated, highhigh--velocityvelocity pressurepressure slicesslicesrightright throughthrough thethe steel,steel, splittingsplitting itit inin halfhalf


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EXPLOSIVESEXPLOSIVES


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HOW TO IGNITEHOW TO IGNITE

ToTo igniteignite bothboth RDXRDX andand dynamite,dynamite, wewe mustmustapplyapply aa severesevere shockshock..

AA smallsmall amountamount ofof explosiveexplosive materialmaterial isis usedusedasas primaryprimary chargecharge..

InIn traditionaltraditional method,method, oneone endend of of thethe cordcord isis

ignitedignited andand itit travelstravels toto thethe otherother endend..


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HOW TO IGNITEHOW TO IGNITE

TheseThese daysdays electricalelectrical detonatorsdetonators areare usedused..

TheyThey havehave aa leadlead lineline..

AtAt thethe detonatordetonator end,end, thethe cablecable isis surroundedsurroundedbyby explosiveexplosive materialmaterial..

TheThe resistanceresistance ofof thethe materialmaterial heatsheats itit upup andand ininturnturn thethe explosivesexplosives explodeexplode..


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PREPARATION FORPREPARATION FOR

IMPLOSIONIMPLOSION TheThe blastblast crewcrew examinesexamines architecturalarchitecturalblueprintsblueprints ofof thethe building,building, toto determinedetermine howhowthethe buildingbuilding isis putput togethertogether..

TheThe blasterblaster crewcrew tourstours thethe buildingbuilding severalseveraltimes,times, jottingjotting downdown notesnotes aboutabout thethe supportsupportstructurestructure onon eacheach floorfloor..

OnceOnce theythey havehave gatheredgathered allall thethe rawraw datadata theytheyneed,need, thethe blastersblasters hammerhammer outout aa planplan of ofattackattack..


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IMPLOSIONIMPLOSION DrawingDrawing fromfrom pastpast experiencesexperiences withwith similarsimilar

buildings,buildings, theythey decidedecide whatwhat explosivesexplosives toto use,use,

wherewhere toto positionposition themthem inin thethe buildingbuilding andand howhowtoto timetime theirtheirdetonationsdetonations..

InIn somesome cases,cases, thethe blastersblasters maymay developdevelop 33--DD

computercomputer modelmodel ofof thethe structurestructure soso theythey cancantesttest outout theirtheir planplan aheadahead ofof timetime inin aa virtualvirtual

worldworld..


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IMPLOSIONIMPLOSION ConstructionConstruction crews,crews, or,or, moremore accurately,accurately,dedestructionstruction crews,crews, beginbegin takingtaking outout nonnon--loadload--

bearingbearing wallswalls withinwithin thethe buildingbuilding.. ThisThis makesmakesforfor aa cleanercleaner breakbreak atat eacheach floorfloor:: IfIf thesethese wallswalls

werewere leftleft intact,intact, theythey wouldwould stiffenstiffen thethe

building,building, hinderinghindering itsits collapsecollapse.. DestructionDestruction crewscrews maymay alsoalso weakenweaken thethe

supportingsupporting columnscolumns withwith sledgesledge hammershammers oror

steelsteel--cutters,cutters, soso thatthat theythey givegive wayway moremore

easileasil ..


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IMPLOSIONIMPLOSION BlastersBlasters cancan startstart loadingloading thethe columnscolumns withwith

explosivesexplosives..

TheThe blastersblasters checkcheck withwith thethe structuralstructural planplan totoloadload thethe columnscolumns withwith thethe requiredrequired explosivesexplosives..

TheThe crewcrew sometimessometimes carriescarries outout thethe testtest

explosionsexplosions toto check check thethe stiffnessstiffness ofof thethestructurestructure..


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TEST EXPLOSIONTEST EXPLOSION


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IMPLOSIONIMPLOSION DuringDuring thethe testtest explosionsexplosions thethe columncolumn isis

wrappedwrapped aroundaround withwith thethe geogeo--textiletextile oror thickthick

plasticplastic andand thethe areaarea isis fencedfenced.. AfterAfter thethe checkcheck isis carriedcarried out,out, thethe structurestructure isis

boredbored oror drilleddrilled atat requiredrequired placesplaces andand thetheexplosivesexplosives areare keptkept..

TheThe explosivesexplosives areare connectedconnected toto thethe detonatingdetonatingequipmentsequipments..


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FINAL SHOWDOWNFINAL SHOWDOWN

TheThe blastingblasting crewcrew performperform aa lastlast checkcheck andandtheythey clearclear thethe buildingbuilding areaarea..

OnceOnce thethe areaarea isis clear,clear, thethe blastersblasters retreatretreat toto thethedetonatordetonator controlscontrols andand beginbegin thethe countdowncountdown..

TheThe blastersblasters maymay soundsound aa sirensiren atat thethe 1010--

minute,minute, fivefive--minuteminute andand oneone--minuteminute mark,mark, totoletlet everyoneeveryone knowknow whenwhen thethe buildingbuilding willwill bebe

comingcoming downdown..


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IfIf theythey areare usingusing anan electricalelectrical detonator,detonator, thetheblastersblasters havehave aa detonatordetonator controllercontroller withwith twotwo

buttons,buttons, oneone labeledlabeled "charge""charge" andand oneone labeledlabeled"fire"fire..""

TowardToward thethe endend of of thethe countdown,countdown, aa blasterblaster

pressespresses andand holdsholds thethe "charge""charge" buttonbutton untiluntil ananindicatorindicator lightlight comescomes onon..


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ThisThis buildsbuilds upup thethe intenseintense electricalelectrical chargechargeneededneeded toto activateactivate thethe detonatorsdetonators..

AfterAfter thethe detonator detonator--controlcontrol machinemachine isischarged,charged, andand thethe countdowncountdown isis completed,completed, thethe

blasterblaster pressespresses thethe "fire""fire" buttonbutton releasingreleasing thethe

chargecharge intointo thethe wireswires soso itit cancan setset off off thetheblastingblasting capscaps..


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After the cloud has cleared, the blasters surveyAfter the cloud has cleared, the blasters surveythe scene and review the tapes to see ifthe scene and review the tapes to see if

everything went according to plan.everything went according to plan.

At this stage, it is crucial to confirm that all ofAt this stage, it is crucial to confirm that all ofthe explosives were detonated and to removethe explosives were detonated and to remove

any explosives that did not go off.any explosives that did not go off.


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PRECAUTIONSPRECAUTIONS

AsAs thethe explosivesexplosives areare handled,handled, highhigh expertiseexpertiseisis neededneeded..

TheThe flyingflying articlesarticles fromfrom thethe buildingbuilding posepose aathreatthreat toto thethe onlookersonlookers andand thethe adjacentadjacentstructuresstructures..

TheThe debrisdebris shouldshould bebe checkedchecked fullyfully forfor thetheundetonatedundetonated explosives,explosives, whichwhich maymay bebedangerousdangerous forfor thethe debrisdebris removingremoving crewcrew..


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CASE STUDYCASE STUDY

King dome is a sports stadium in Seattle.King dome is a sports stadium in Seattle.

Diameter: 660 feetDiameter: 660 feet

Height: 150 feetHeight: 150 feet

Capacity: 40000Capacity: 40000

Built: 1976Built: 1976

Demolished: 2000Demolished: 2000


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Demolition of King DomeDemolition of King Dome

TheThe KingKing domedomeconsistedconsisted of of twotwo

mainmain categoriescategories ofofconstructionconstruction whichwhich

heldheld thethe buildingbuilding up,up,

andand supportsupportconstructionconstruction whichwhich

couldcould bebe removedremoved..


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NonstructuralNonstructural ramps,ramps,slabs,slabs, andand sidingsiding

werewere removedremoved totoreducereduce thethe amountamount ofof

debrisdebris thatthat fellfell toto thethe

groundground..


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ExplosivesExplosives werewere placedplaced inin thethe structurestructure atatkeykey locationslocations..


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Demolition of King DomeDemolition of King Dome Demolition of theDemolition of the

main structuremain structure

occurred in twooccurred in two

phases of a singlephases of a singleimplosionimplosion

sequence.sequence.

Explosives in theExplosives in the

Phase 2 areas werePhase 2 areas were

detonated severaldetonated several

seconds after Phaseseconds after Phase

1.1.


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Special material wrapped the structure at theSpecial material wrapped the structure at theblast points to control the explosion.blast points to control the explosion.


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SmallSmall explosionsexplosionsfracturedfractured thethe rigidrigid

concreteconcrete allowingallowing

thethe structurestructure toto

bucklebuckle andand fallfall.. TheThe

flexibleflexible rebar rebar

remainedremained intact,intact,actingacting likelike ropesropes toto

pullpull thethe columnscolumns

towardtoward thethe centercenter..


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GravityGravity diddid mostmost ofof thethe workwork..


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PhasePhase 11 continuedcontinued

toto fall,fall, helpinghelping totopullpull PhasePhase 22 inin..

PhasePhase 22 waswas

detonateddetonated severalseveral

secondsseconds laterlater andandcollapsedcollapsed andand fellfell

thethe samesame asas PhasePhase

11..


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MoreMore explosionsexplosions furtherfurther fracturedfractured thetheconcreteconcrete intointo smallersmaller piecespieces..


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About About 2020 secondsseconds afterafterthethe firstfirst explosion,explosion, thetheentireentire structurestructure

collapsedcollapsed withwith allall ofof thethedebrisdebris fallingfalling withinwithin thetheKingdomeKingdome footprintfootprint..

TheThe detonationdetonation areaareaprovidedprovided latitudelatitude aroundaround

thethe entireentire perimeterperimeter forforstructuralstructural debrisdebris toto fallfalladjacentadjacent toto thethefootprint,footprint, butbut stillstill withinwithin

thethe demolitiondemolition sitesite..


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CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Implosion technique is a very economical and usefulImplosion technique is a very economical and usefulbut with the tag that it should be a carefully handledbut with the tag that it should be a carefully handled

technique.technique. This method is mostly used in developed countriesThis method is mostly used in developed countries

only. In our country the use of this technique isonly. In our country the use of this technique is

steadily gaining its momentum.steadily gaining its momentum.

The knowledge about this technique would beThe knowledge about this technique would behandful for the people in future construction industry.handful for the people in future construction industry.

implosion new

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