facilitating the planning process deployable joint task force augmentation cell (djtfac)...

Facilitating the Planning ProcessFacilitating the Planning Process

Deployable Joint Task Force Augmentation Cell (DJTFAC)Deployable Joint Task Force Augmentation Cell (DJTFAC)Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)

Forming the Multinational Force (MNF) /Coalition or Combined Task Force (CTF)Forming the Multinational Force (MNF) /Coalition or Combined Task Force (CTF)

Forming the Multinational Force (MNF) /Forming the Multinational Force (MNF) /Coalition or Combined Task Force (CTF)Coalition or Combined Task Force (CTF)Forming the Multinational Force (MNF) /Forming the Multinational Force (MNF) /Coalition or Combined Task Force (CTF)Coalition or Combined Task Force (CTF)

PurposePurpose Familiarization with the fundamentals of establishing a Multinational Force (MNF) / Coalition or Combined Task Force (CTF)

– Terminology and Design– Command and Control– CTF Headquarters Staff and MNF Force Structure

References• MNF SOP (Working Draft #8)• Joint Pub 0-2, Unified Action Armed Forces, 24 Feb 95• JP 3-0, Doctrine for Joint Operations,10 Sep 01• JP 3-16, Doctrine for Multinational Operations• JP 3-56 Command and Control Doctrine for Joint Ops, Draft, Apr 97• JP 5-00.2 Joint Task Force Planning Guidance and Procedures, 13 Jan 99

References• MNF SOP (Working Draft #8)• Joint Pub 0-2, Unified Action Armed Forces, 24 Feb 95• JP 3-0, Doctrine for Joint Operations,10 Sep 01• JP 3-16, Doctrine for Multinational Operations• JP 3-56 Command and Control Doctrine for Joint Ops, Draft, Apr 97• JP 5-00.2 Joint Task Force Planning Guidance and Procedures, 13 Jan 99

Multinational OperationsMultinational Operations

“ ‘Multinational operations’ is a collective term to

describe military actions conducted by forces of two

or more nations. Such operations are usually undertaken within the

structure of a coalition or alliance” JP 3-16

Key TerminologyKey Terminology MNFMNF: Multinational Force – “Broad Overarching Term”: Multinational Force – “Broad Overarching Term”

– Describes the “broader force” and includes the participating Describes the “broader force” and includes the participating Nation’s and Strategic Planning Headquarters (HQs).Nation’s and Strategic Planning Headquarters (HQs).

– The entire organization of nations, participating forces, and The entire organization of nations, participating forces, and support based upon “shared interests”.support based upon “shared interests”.

Two Types of MNF OperationsTwo Types of MNF Operations::

– CoalitionCoalition: Ad-Hoc / Crisis Based : Ad-Hoc / Crisis Based

(East Timor)(East Timor)– CombinedCombined: Alliance / Treaty Based : Alliance / Treaty Based

(Example: NATO or UNC / CFC - Korea)(Example: NATO or UNC / CFC - Korea)

Key TerminologyKey Terminology(continued)(continued)

CTFCTF: Coalition / Combined Task Force : Coalition / Combined Task Force

– Coalition TF (CTF)Coalition TF (CTF): Ad-Hoc / Crisis-Oriented : Ad-Hoc / Crisis-Oriented

– Combined TF (CTF)Combined TF (CTF): Alliance / Treaty-Based : Alliance / Treaty-Based (predetermined(predetermined guidelines and / or guidelines and / or contingency plans present)contingency plans present)

Strategic GuidanceStrategic Guidance Effective Mission Accomplishment by a CTF requires clear Effective Mission Accomplishment by a CTF requires clear

and legitimate strategic guidance from a higher headquartersand legitimate strategic guidance from a higher headquarters Sources of GuidanceSources of Guidance::

– Multinational Regional Organization guidanceMultinational Regional Organization guidance based upon alliance / based upon alliance / treaty.treaty.

– Coalition Multinational Organizational guidanceCoalition Multinational Organizational guidance based upon crisis based upon crisis action coordination / collaboration and ad-hoc (non-treaty) actions. action coordination / collaboration and ad-hoc (non-treaty) actions.

– UN Security Council or General Assembly resolution and mandateUN Security Council or General Assembly resolution and mandate for for

multinational military operations (UN authorized or UN lead). multinational military operations (UN authorized or UN lead).

– Unilateral Operations by a single countryUnilateral Operations by a single country that evolves into a coalition that evolves into a coalition operation or UN operation.operation or UN operation.

Essential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic Guidance

Essential Strategic GuidanceEssential Strategic Guidance::

Purpose for MNF Action (purpose for CTF activation)Purpose for MNF Action (purpose for CTF activation)

Broad Mission Statement MNF (CTF)Broad Mission Statement MNF (CTF)

Broad Objectives for MNF (CTF)Broad Objectives for MNF (CTF)

Broad Criteria for termination and transition of MNF OpnsBroad Criteria for termination and transition of MNF Opns

Participating Nations and contributionParticipating Nations and contribution

Lead Nation for effort and MNF SOP that will be usedLead Nation for effort and MNF SOP that will be used

Agreement on Collective Security Interests InvolvedAgreement on Collective Security Interests Involved

Specific Diplomatic, Economic, Informational, or Military Specific Diplomatic, Economic, Informational, or Military Limitations, Concerns, SensitivitiesLimitations, Concerns, Sensitivities

““The Realities”The Realities” Essential Strategic Guidance Essential Strategic Guidance

Guidance may be initially incomplete or Guidance may be initially incomplete or fragmentary due to the complex and rapidly fragmentary due to the complex and rapidly evolving crisis situationevolving crisis situation

Guidance will require ongoing refinements and Guidance will require ongoing refinements and adjustments as the crisis evolvesadjustments as the crisis evolves

Strategic and CTF commanders / staff need to Strategic and CTF commanders / staff need to continually press for updated / refined guidance as continually press for updated / refined guidance as required by the situation (never-ending process)required by the situation (never-ending process)

Command RelationshipsCommand Relationships&&

Control / Coordination RelationshipsControl / Coordination Relationships

Foundation: Two Chains of Command Always Exist Foundation: Two Chains of Command Always Exist

– Within the CTF command, each nations’ forces are Within the CTF command, each nations’ forces are commanded by TWO separate chains of command:commanded by TWO separate chains of command:

#1: The Respective “NATIONAL” Chain of Command#1: The Respective “NATIONAL” Chain of Command

#2: The CTF “MULTINATIONAL” Chain of Command#2: The CTF “MULTINATIONAL” Chain of Command

Command Relationship TermsCommand Relationship Terms Command and Control Relationships / ConceptsCommand and Control Relationships / Concepts::

– Operational Control (OPCON):Operational Control (OPCON): Command authority to organize and Command authority to organize and employ forces, assign tasks, designate objectives, and give employ forces, assign tasks, designate objectives, and give authoritive direction necessary to accomplish the missionauthoritive direction necessary to accomplish the mission

– Tactical Control (TACON)Tactical Control (TACON): A more restrictive command authority, : A more restrictive command authority, limited to the detailed control of movements or maneuvers within a limited to the detailed control of movements or maneuvers within a give operational area (AO) necessary to accomplish assigned give operational area (AO) necessary to accomplish assigned missions or tasks.missions or tasks.

– SUPPORTSUPPORT: Command authority for support relationships to assist in : Command authority for support relationships to assist in the coordination and direction of MNF logistical planning, the coordination and direction of MNF logistical planning, coordination, and control / directioncoordination, and control / direction

MOOTW / SSC is MOOTW / SSC is most likelymost likely scenario scenario Short Duration / Small Scale / No-NoticeShort Duration / Small Scale / No-Notice JointJoint Multinational / InteragencyMultinational / Interagency

MOOTW / SSC is MOOTW / SSC is most likelymost likely scenario scenario Short Duration / Small Scale / No-NoticeShort Duration / Small Scale / No-Notice JointJoint Multinational / InteragencyMultinational / Interagency

MNF / CTF MissionsMNF / CTF Missions

NEONEONEONEO PeacePeaceEnforcementEnforcement

PeacePeaceEnforcementEnforcement

CMCMCMCM

HA/HA/DisasterDisaster

ReliefRelief

HA/HA/DisasterDisaster

ReliefRelief

PeacePeaceKeepingKeepingPeacePeace

KeepingKeepingSSCSSCSSCSSC MRCMRCMRCMRC

Facts and Decisions Affecting Facts and Decisions Affecting MNF/CTF StructureMNF/CTF Structure

Assigned Tasks CTF MissionAssigned Tasks CTF Mission

Required Capabilities Force OptionsRequired Capabilities Force Options

Force Options Component StructureForce Options Component Structure

Component Structure C2 StructureComponent Structure C2 Structure

Basing Support StructureBasing Support Structure

• CTF Staff Structure• MNF Force Structure

Facts Decisions

• COMMON UNDERSTANDINGAll forces should understand the overall aim and the concept for its attainment. Simplicity of plan and organization are essential

• COORDINATED POLICY AND PLANSNations should exchange qualified liaison officers at the earliestopportunity to improve interoperability and mutual understanding

• TRUST AND CONFIDENCECommanders and their representatives must establish and maintain trust and confidence. Plain, objective communicationand common courtesy are essential.

Unified Action in Multinational OperationsCoordination and Consensus are key elements for MNF operations

Unity of Command is desired -- Unity of Effort is required

Principles of MultinationalUnity of Effort

A MNF/CTFA MNF/CTF that can:that can:

““The” GoalThe” Goal

Rapidly plan in a complex settingRapidly plan in a complex setting Develop a plan which supports national and strategic Develop a plan which supports national and strategic

theater goalstheater goals Continuously integrate logistics Continuously integrate logistics Orient on the threat/enemy’s center of gravityOrient on the threat/enemy’s center of gravity Efficiently execute a plan based on the commander’s Efficiently execute a plan based on the commander’s

conceptconcept Achieve synergy in the employment of all military and Achieve synergy in the employment of all military and

inter-agency capabilitiesinter-agency capabilities

Lead Nation ConceptLead Nation Concept A Lead Nation is designated by the participating nations within the A Lead Nation is designated by the participating nations within the

MNF effortMNF effort

Lead Nation is responsible for the strategic consultation / Lead Nation is responsible for the strategic consultation / coordination for the MNF effort coordination for the MNF effort – Among nations Among nations – With UN channelsWith UN channels– With other Non-Governmental or International Organization With other Non-Governmental or International Organization

(NGO / IO)(NGO / IO)

Lead Nation acts as the “single channel” of MNF strategic Lead Nation acts as the “single channel” of MNF strategic direction / guidance to military forces within the MNF effort based direction / guidance to military forces within the MNF effort based upon collaboration and agreements with participating nationsupon collaboration and agreements with participating nations

Provides for “unity of effort”Provides for “unity of effort”

Strategic Guidance OPCON or TACONStrategic Guidance OPCON or TACONAnd SupportAnd Support

National Command National Command, National Command National Command, TheaterTheater

Lead Nation NCALead Nation NCA(Nation #1)(Nation #1)

(NAT AUTHORITIES)(NAT AUTHORITIES)

Lead Nation NCALead Nation NCA(Nation #1)(Nation #1)


Supported Strategic Supported Strategic CommanderCommander

(CDF)(CDF)


(CDF)(CDF)

ParticipatingParticipating Nation #2Nation #2








Supporting Strategic Supporting Strategic CommanderCommander


Supporting Strategic Supporting Strategic CommanderCommander(AFP JCS)(AFP JCS)

Supporting Strategic Supporting Strategic CommanderCommander(AFP JCS)(AFP JCS)

Commander Commander Coalition / Combined Coalition / Combined

Task ForceTask Force(CCTF)(CCTF)



ParticipatingParticipating US ForcesUS Forces

ParticipatingParticipating US ForcesUS Forces

ParticipatingParticipatingAS ForcesAS Forces

ParticipatingParticipatingAS ForcesAS Forces

ParticipatingParticipatingAFP ForcesAFP Forces

ParticipatingParticipatingAFP ForcesAFP Forces

Consultation /Consultation /CoordinationCoordination

Collaboration/ Collaboration/ SupportSupport

NationalNationalCommandCommand

Element (NCE) Element (NCE)

NationalNationalCommandCommand


NationalNationalCommand Command


NationalNationalCommand Command


Lead Nation Command Structure(Provides for Integrated Command and Control – Unity of Command & Effort)

Legend:Legend:Strategic Guidance OPCON or TACONStrategic Guidance OPCON or TACONAnd SupportAnd Support

National Command National Command, National Command National Command,

CoordinationCoordination

CCTFCCTFCCTFCCTF



ParticipatingParticipatingNation #3Nation #3



CommanderCommander


CommanderCommander



Lead NationLead NationLead NationLead Nation



Nation #1Nation #1Nation #1Nation #1



Consultation /Consultation / CoordinationCoordination

Collaboration/Collaboration/ CoordinationCoordination

Tailored Lead Nation Command StructureTailored Lead Nation Command Structure(Parallel Command -- Foreign Command of Nation’s Forces is an Issue)(Parallel Command -- Foreign Command of Nation’s Forces is an Issue)

Coalition Coordination CenterCoalition Coordination Center

CTF Component Structure CTF Component Structure (Service)(Service)

Supported Strategic CmdrSupported Strategic CmdrSupported Strategic CmdrSupported Strategic Cmdr

CCTFCCTFCCTFCCTF

CAFFORCAFFORCAFFORCAFFOR CARFORCARFORCARFORCARFOR

Simplicity in aSimplicity in aTime Compressed Time Compressed

EnvironmentEnvironment

Capabilities Capabilities or functions or functions

do not do not overlapoverlap

CMARFORCMARFORCMARFORCMARFORCNAVFORCNAVFORCNAVFORCNAVFOR CSOTFCSOTFCSOTFCSOTF

CTF Component Structure CTF Component Structure (Functional)(Functional)

CINCCINCCINCCINC

CCTFCCTFCCTFCCTF

Unity Unity of of

EffortEffort

Organize by Organize by capabilities capabilities or functionsor functions

CFMCCCFMCCCFMCCCFMCC CFACCCFACCCFACCCFACC CSOTFCSOTFCSOTFCSOTFCFLCCCFLCCCFLCCCFLCC CCMOTFCCMOTFCCMOTFCCMOTFCPOTFCPOTFCPOTFCPOTF

Supported StrategicSupported StrategicCommanderCommander

Supported StrategicSupported StrategicCommanderCommander

Unity Unity of of

EffortEffort

Geographic Geographic oror

Mission Mission SpecificSpecific

CTFCTFTRANSTRANS

CTFCTFTRANSTRANS

CTFCTFMEDMEDCTFCTFMEDMED

TF SecurityTF SecurityTF SecurityTF SecurityTF EngTF EngTF EngTF Eng

CCTFCCTFCCTFCCTF

CINCCINCCINCCINCSupported StrategicSupported Strategic

CommanderCommanderSupported StrategicSupported Strategic

CommanderCommander

CTF Component Structure CTF Component Structure (Subordinate TFs & CTFs)(Subordinate TFs & CTFs)

TFTFWESTWEST

TFTFWESTWEST

TFTFEASTEAST

TFTFEASTEAST

Legend:Legend:

Lead NationLead Nation(NAT AUTH)(NAT AUTH)


Supporting Strategic Supporting Strategic Commander(s)Commander(s)



CFACCCFACCAir Air

ComponentComponent

CFLCCCFLCCGroundGround

ComponentComponent

CFMCCCFMCCMaritime Maritime

ComponentComponent

CCCCCC

CSOTFCSOTF

National National ForcesForces








CCMOTFCCMOTFCPOTFCPOTF

Strategic GuidanceStrategic GuidanceAnd Support And Support

OPCON or TACONOPCON or TACON

National CommandNational Command Tentative, This componentTentative, This componentmay or may not be may or may not be activated due to nature ofactivated due to nature ofthe crisis.the crisis.

Coordination, SupportCoordination, Supportand Consultationand Consultation

Supporting Nation)s)Supporting Nation)s)(NAT AUTH)(NAT AUTH)

Coalition Coordination CenterCoalition Coordination Center (used within coalitions)(used within coalitions)

CCCCCC

Lead Nation CTF Component OrganizationLead Nation CTF Component OrganizationFunctional Component & Task ForceFunctional Component & Task Force

Lead NationLead Nation(NAT AUTH)(NAT AUTH)


Supporting Strategic Supporting Strategic Commander(s)Commander(s)



CAFFORCAFFORAirAir

ForcesForces

CARFORCARFORArmyArmy

ForcesForces

CNAVFORCNAVFORNavy Navy

ForcesForces

CCCCCC

CSOTFCSOTF









CMOTFCMOTF(Civil Military)(Civil Military)

CPOTFCPOTF(Psychological)(Psychological)

Legend:Legend:Strategic GuidanceStrategic GuidanceAnd Support And Support

OPCON or TACONOPCON or TACON

National Command National Command

Tentative, This componentTentative, This componentmay or may not be may or may not be activated due to nature ofactivated due to nature ofthe crisis.the crisis.

Coordination, SupportCoordination, Supportand Consultationand Consultation

Supporting Nation (s)Supporting Nation (s)(NAT AUTH)(NAT AUTH)

Coalition Coordination Center Coalition Coordination Center (used in coalitions)(used in coalitions)

CMARFORCMARFORMARINEMARINEForcesForces

CCCCCC

Lead Nation CTF Component OrganizationLead Nation CTF Component OrganizationService Component & Task ForceService Component & Task Force

The CTF StaffThe CTF Staff

Task Organized to the Specific MissionTask Organized to the Specific Mission

Capable of Rapid Information ProcessingCapable of Rapid Information Processing

Organized for Efficiency Organized for Efficiency

Shortened Plan-Decide-Execute CycleShortened Plan-Decide-Execute Cycle

CTFCTF

Lead Nation NAT AUTHLead Nation NAT AUTHThe Leap to the The Leap to the Operational LevelOperational Level

TACTICAL LEVEL

A formidable challenge,building an operational staff

from single service tactical HQs.A leap from the

“Comfort Zone”

Supported StrategicSupported Strategic Cmdr Cmdr

Supported StrategicSupported Strategic Cmdr Cmdr

CNAVFORCNAVFOR CPOTFCPOTFCARFORCARFOR CAFFORCAFFORCMARFORCMARFOR CSOTFCSOTF

MPAT& MNF

SOP

CTF Staff ProcessCTF Staff Process

OperationalOperationalLevel FocusLevel Focus

MinimalMinimalTimeTime

PhilosophyPhilosophy StructureStructure

ProceduresProcedures

Not BusinessNot BusinessAs UsualAs Usual

PlansPlans

PersPers LogLog

IntelIntel

OpsOps

Cellular Cellular Staff Staff

StructureStructure CommComm

Conducted by a “New” StaffConducted by a “New” Staff

Crisis Action PlanningCrisis Action Planning

Phase I: Phase I: Situation DevelopmentSituation Development

Phase II: Phase II: Crisis AssessmentCrisis Assessment

Phase III: Phase III: COA DevelopmentCOA Development

Phase IV: Phase IV: COA SelectionCOA Selection

Phase V:Phase V: Execution PlanningExecution Planning

Phase VI: Phase VI: ExecutionExecution

Single Service HQ StaffSingle Service HQ Staff

COMMANDERCOMMANDERCOMMANDERCOMMANDER

G1G1G1G1 G2G2G2G2 G6G6G6G6G3G3G3G3 G5G5G5G5G4G4G4G4

FFUUNNCCTTIIOONNAALL

SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF

CTFCTFHQHQ

C1/PersonnelC1/Personnel C2/ IntelC2/ Intel C3/ OpsC3/ Ops C4/ LogC4/ Log C5/ PlansC5/ Plans C6/ CommsC6/ Comms

Lead Nation CTF Headquarters

SOPs CulturalDynamics

InfrastructureDifferences

CommunicationsTTPs Operational

Level focus

Add’l MPAT Add’l MPAT SMEs:SMEs:

PSYOP,PSYOP,Civil Affairs,Civil Affairs,

Legal, Medical,Legal, Medical,Pol-Mil, etc.Pol-Mil, etc.

LNOs fromLNOs from Supporting Supporting CommandsCommands

MPAT MPAT

Forming the CTF Staff (MNF Ops)Forming the CTF Staff (MNF Ops)

CTF Staff StructureCTF Staff Structure

CCTFCCTFCCTFCCTF

C1C1C1C1 C2C2C2C2 C6C6C6C6C3C3C3C3 C5C5C5C5C4C4C4C4


SSTTAAFFFF

LIAISONLIAISON

Command GroupCommand Group

Battle StaffBattle Staff

Integrated Staff CellsIntegrated Staff Cells

Routine SupportRoutine Support

LiaisonLiaison

How Does It Work?How Does It Work?


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF

Command GroupCommand Group Decision MakersDecision Makers

– IntentIntent– GuidanceGuidance– CCIRCCIRCCTFCCTFCCTFCCTF



SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF

LIAISONLIAISON

Battle StaffBattle Staff

Chief of Staff Chief of Staff DirectionDirection

Staff Cognizance Staff Cognizance over Integrated over Integrated CellsCells

Represents all Key Represents all Key Battlefield Battlefield Operating SystemsOperating Systems

Deals with Deals with Processed DataProcessed Data

CCTFCCTFCCTFCCTF



SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF

LIAISONLIAISON


SSTTAAFFFF

Integrated Staff CellsIntegrated Staff Cells

Cross Functional Cross Functional RepresentationRepresentation

LNO LNO RepresentationRepresentation

Information Information ManagementManagement

Battle Rhythm Battle Rhythm

Plans HandoverPlans Handover

CCTFCCTFCCTFCCTF



SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF

COALITION / COMBINED PLANNING GROUP (CPG)COALITION / COMBINED PLANNING GROUP (CPG)

INFORMATION OPERATIONS CELLINFORMATION OPERATIONS CELL

COALITION / COMBINED OPERATIONS CENTER (COC)COALITION / COMBINED OPERATIONS CENTER (COC)

FORCES DEPLOYMENT / TPFDD WORKING GROUPFORCES DEPLOYMENT / TPFDD WORKING GROUP

LIAISONLIAISON

Routine Staff SupportRoutine Staff Support

More Closely Aligned More Closely Aligned with Normal Staff with Normal Staff OrganizationOrganization

Representatives on Representatives on Integrated CellIntegrated Cell

More meetings than More meetings than Bodies: Battle RhythmBodies: Battle Rhythm

Linkage to staffs higher Linkage to staffs higher and lowerand lower

CCTFCCTFCCTFCCTF



SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF

LIAISONLIAISON


SSTTAAFFFF

LiaisonLiaison

Liaison supporting, Liaison supporting, higher and lower staffshigher and lower staffs

Liaisons to CTF staff Liaisons to CTF staff become key members of become key members of Integrated CellsIntegrated Cells

More meetings than More meetings than Bodies: Battle RhythmBodies: Battle Rhythm

Rank/Experience critical: Rank/Experience critical: Must be able to speak Must be able to speak for the commanderfor the commander

CCTFCCTFCCTFCCTF



SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF


SSTTAAFFFF

LIAISONLIAISON

““They are crucial to success, and you have to pick your best people. They They are crucial to success, and you have to pick your best people. They have to have the moxie to stand up in front of a two or four star general, have to have the moxie to stand up in front of a two or four star general, and brief him on what their commander is thinking, their unit’s capabilities, and brief him on what their commander is thinking, their unit’s capabilities, and make their recommendations.” and make their recommendations.”

““They are crucial to success, and you have to pick your best people. They They are crucial to success, and you have to pick your best people. They have to have the moxie to stand up in front of a two or four star general, have to have the moxie to stand up in front of a two or four star general, and brief him on what their commander is thinking, their unit’s capabilities, and brief him on what their commander is thinking, their unit’s capabilities, and make their recommendations.” and make their recommendations.”

LTG Stiner, USALTG Stiner, USACdr, JTF South, Operation Just CauseCdr, JTF South, Operation Just Cause


SSTTAAFFFF

Standardized CTF HQs Standardized CTF HQs

MNF REL = MULTINATIONAL FORCE RELEASABLEMNF REL = MULTINATIONAL FORCE RELEASABLE LIAISON & COORD =LIAISON & COORD =



DCCTFDCCTF

Personal StaffPersonal StaffCoalitionCoalitionCoordinationCoordination

CenterCenter(CCC(CCC))

Civil-MilitaryCivil-MilitaryOperationsOperations

CenterCenter(CMOC(CMOC))

Coalition / Combined Logistics Coordination CenterCoalition / Combined Logistics Coordination Center(CLCC) Secret – MNF REL(CLCC) Secret – MNF REL

CTF PLANNING PROCESSCTF PLANNING PROCESS(PLANS, FOPS, AND COPS)(PLANS, FOPS, AND COPS)

Red Area “ Shared Top Level Classification Info AreaRed Area “ Shared Top Level Classification Info Area

Special Special AccessAccess

OpsOps(SOF)(SOF)

ClassificationClassification::Secret – MNF RELSecret – MNF REL

ClassificationClassification::Case by Case Case by Case

Multinational and CTF Media Support Staffs Multinational and CTF Media Support Staffs (Coalition / Combined Media Pools) (Coalition / Combined Media Pools)

COSCOS

C1C1PERSPERS

C2C2INTELINTEL

C3C3OPNSOPNS

C4C4LOGLOG

C5C5PLANSPLANS

C6C6COMMSCOMMS

C7C7CIV-MILCIV-MIL

12

Command GroupPrioritize/Task CTF Planning Efforts & Provide Direction/Guidance

Command GroupPrioritize/Task CTF Planning Efforts & Provide Direction/Guidance

CTF: 0-96 HrsCTF: 0-96 Hrs

Issues Orders, Drafts Issues Orders, Drafts Pertinent MessagesPertinent Messages Monitor, Assess, Monitor, Assess, Direct & ControlDirect & Control

Execution. Execution. Maintain SA.Maintain SA.

CAP ProductsCAP Products

CTF: 168 Hrs /CTF: 168 Hrs / Next PhaseNext PhaseTransition,Transition,

or Terminationor Termination

Initial & Campaign PlanInitial & Campaign PlanFollow-on Follow-on

Phase - PlansPhase - Plans

What’s Next?What’s Next?

CTF: 96-168 HrsCTF: 96-168 Hrs

Refines, Adjusts & Refines, Adjusts & Modifies Modifies

OPORDs-OPLANsOPORDs-OPLANs (Based upon Current(Based upon Current

Situation)Situation)

““Hand-Off”Hand-Off”of Planof Plan

• OPORD-OPLANS / Campaign PlanOPORD-OPLANS / Campaign Plan• Sequel plans for future phasesSequel plans for future phases

–Concept of operationsConcept of operations–Draft Cmdr’s IntentDraft Cmdr’s Intent

• Initial Cmdr’s guidanceInitial Cmdr’s guidance• Wargaming resultsWargaming results• Pol-Mil Issues Pol-Mil Issues

• OPORD-OPLANS / Campaign PlanOPORD-OPLANS / Campaign Plan• Sequel plans for future phasesSequel plans for future phases

–Concept of operationsConcept of operations–Draft Cmdr’s IntentDraft Cmdr’s Intent

• Initial Cmdr’s guidanceInitial Cmdr’s guidance• Wargaming resultsWargaming results• Pol-Mil Issues Pol-Mil Issues

• Branch plans with triggersBranch plans with triggers• Draft Commander’s IntentDraft Commander’s Intent• Commanders EstimateCommanders Estimate• Orders (WARNO, FRAGO, Etc.)Orders (WARNO, FRAGO, Etc.)• Recommend CCIR, ROERecommend CCIR, ROE• CCIR & ROECCIR & ROE

• Situational Awareness (SA / COP)Situational Awareness (SA / COP)• Monitor Plan Execution Monitor Plan Execution • Briefings Briefings • SITREP/ SITREP/ near-term FRAGOsnear-term FRAGOs• Message ReleaseMessage Release• Track Actions / SuspensesTrack Actions / Suspenses

CAP ProductsCAP Products

““Hand-Off”Hand-Off”of Planof Plan

C3 Future C3 Future OperationsOperations(FOPS)(FOPS)

C3 Current C3 Current OperationsOperations

(COPS)(COPS)

C5 Future C5 Future Plans Plans

(PLANS)(PLANS)

CollaborationCollaborationToolsTools

CTF Battle Staff Battle Staff

CAP Phase VI ExecutionPlans and Operations Synchronization

Coalition/Combined Planning Group Coalition/Combined Planning Group (CPG)(CPG)

C-4C-4StaffStaffC-4C-4StaffStaff


C-6C-6StaffStaff

PAPAStaffStaffPAPAStaffStaff

SJASJAStaffStaffSJASJAStaffStaff

MedicalMedicalStaffStaff

MedicalMedicalStaffStaff

JTFJTFCompCompJTFJTF

CompComp




C-3

Rep

sC

-3 R

eps

C-5 RepsC-5 Reps

C-6 Reps

C-6 Reps

C-4 Reps

C-4 Reps

PA

Reps

PA

Reps

SJA R

eps

SJA R

eps

Med Reps

Med Reps

LNOsLNOs

C-2 R

eps

C-2 R

epsC-1 Reps

C-1 RepsDeployment CellDeployment Cell

IO C

ell

IO C

ell IM

Cell

IM C

ell

Orders CellOrders Cell

CPGCPG

Lesson Learned:• Clearly define command relationships between components (especially “supported” and supporting relationships)

Summary:Summary:Lessons Learned - FormingLessons Learned - Forming

Lesson Learned:• Augmentation “cells” (i.e. MPAT) clearly provide a “jump start” to the processes of forming and planning during a crisis.

Lesson Learned:• Keep the number of cells/boards/agencies/centers to a minimum, but if the function is required, forming them is usually beneficial.

Lessons Learned - PlanningLessons Learned - Planning

Lesson Learned:• “Master the mechanics & techniques; understand the art and profession; and be smart enough to know when to deviate from it.” GEN Zinni, CINCCENT

Lesson Learned:“Leaders should use the military decision-making processto expedite or facilitate planning, but should not let it hinder their efforts to understand the complex issues that lay beneath the operation’s surface.”

LTC D. Scalard, Military Review, 1998

Lessons Learned - DeployingLessons Learned - Deploying

Lesson Learned:A CCTF should almost daily ask the following question: “What are we doing to ensure that CTF personnel & their equipment arrive at the PODs at approximately the same time?”

Lesson Learned:CCTFs must balance combat vs. support forces in the deployment process. When inadequate support forces are deployed, backlogs of personnel & equipment at the PODs will occur (I.e., adequate JRSOI is on-hand).

Lessons Learned - EmployingLessons Learned - Employing

Deter…Deter… Fight to win...Fight to win...

Lesson Learned:A CCTF should always seek to gain & maintain the initiative -- this applies not only to conventional combat operations, but to the information domain as well.

Lesson Learned:There is no replacement for the application of overwhelming force at the proper time & place. Seek or create enemy weakness and attack it quickly, decisively, and relentlessly.

Lesson Learned:Keep your logisticians abreast of the operational situation -- only with full situational awareness can they anticipate future requirements as operations unfold.

Lesson Learned:Always maintain a reserve ready for immediate employment to reinforce success, capitalize on unanticipated opportunities, or to address unforseen exigencies.

Lessons Learned - TransitionLessons Learned - Transition

Lesson Learned:Transition may occur between the CTF with a UN command, with another military command with host nation forces, or to civilian control. Regardless, the command must prepare for and coordinate the transition to ensure an orderly change of authority and responsibility.

Lessons Learned - Lessons Learned - RedeployingRedeploying

Lesson Learned:Redeployment is essentially the reverse of deployment. Redeployment can begin at any point during CTF operations and planning for it should begin as soon as possible.

Multinational Force SOPMultinational Force SOP“A Journey Starts with a first step”“A Journey Starts with a first step”

MNF SOPMNF SOP – “ A Step in the Right Direction” – “ A Step in the Right Direction”– A “Guide”A “Guide” for Operational Start Points and CTF procedures for Operational Start Points and CTF procedures

Not prescriptive, binding, or directive Not prescriptive, binding, or directive

– Focus on Operational LevelFocus on Operational Level – CTF HQs and Command – CTF HQs and Command

– PurposePurpose::

Speed of Initial Response Speed of Initial Response

InteroperabilityInteroperability

Overall Mission EffectivenessOverall Mission Effectiveness

– Is a Multinational ProductIs a Multinational Product

28 Nations -- Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)28 Nations -- Multinational Planning Augmentation Team (MPAT)

Forming the Multinational Force Forming the Multinational Force (MNF)(MNF)

Forming the Multinational Force Forming the Multinational Force (MNF)(MNF)

Multinational Planning Multinational Planning Augmentation TeamAugmentation Team

Multinational Planning Multinational Planning Augmentation TeamAugmentation Team

Questions?Questions?

facilitating the planning process deployable joint task force augmentation cell (djtfac)...

Documents

u strategic

multinational operations

joint operations

combined task force

key terminology u mnf

mnf ctf broad criteria

types of mnf operations

control direction slide