European Discovery of European Discovery of the Americas, The the Americas, The Foundation & the Foundation & the Colonization of Colonization of GeorgiaGeorgia

First European on North AmericaFirst European on North America

• First European on First European on North America was Leif North America was Leif Erikson (Viking)- 1000 Erikson (Viking)- 1000 A.D.A.D.

•Went to Went to Newfoundland, but Newfoundland, but went back to Greenlandwent back to Greenland

So…what was happening in So…what was happening in Europe?Europe?

Age of Discovery Age of Discovery (1400s-1700s)(1400s-1700s)

Thought only Thought only continents were continents were Europe, Africa, & Europe, Africa, & AsiaAsia

wanted silk, spices, wanted silk, spices, teas, & gems from teas, & gems from AsiaAsia

Christopher Columbus’ ExpeditionsChristopher Columbus’ Expeditions

Columbus received Columbus received financial backing for financial backing for his voyage from his voyage from Spain---wanted to Spain---wanted to travel West to get travel West to get Asian goodsAsian goods, instead , instead of Eastof East

King Ferdinand & King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella Queen Isabella approvedapproved

Why “West Indies” and “Indians”?Why “West Indies” and “Indians”?

Indies= AsiaIndies= Asia Called natives on islands Called natives on islands

“Indians” because CC “Indians” because CC thought that he was in the thought that he was in the IndiesIndies

Called the area “West Called the area “West Indies” to distinguish it Indies” to distinguish it from the East Indiesfrom the East Indies...rest ...rest of Asiaof Asia

Why “America”?Why “America”?

Amerigo VespucciAmerigo Vespucci (Italian businessman) (Italian businessman) coined term the “New World”coined term the “New World”

1507-Spanish mapmaker named it America1507-Spanish mapmaker named it America after Amerigoafter Amerigo

Line of Demarcation & Treaty of Line of Demarcation & Treaty of TordesillasTordesillas

Portugal and Spain were rivals in the Portugal and Spain were rivals in the New WorldNew World

Pope Alexander VI feared they would Pope Alexander VI feared they would become enemiesbecome enemies

Draws Line of Demarcation-a line Draws Line of Demarcation-a line drawn from the North to the South drawn from the North to the South Pole splitting the New World (1493)Pole splitting the New World (1493)

Spain gets the W (GA on this side), Spain gets the W (GA on this side), Portugal gets EPortugal gets E

1494-Portugal wasn’t happy, so they 1494-Portugal wasn’t happy, so they drew a new line…Treaty of Tordesillas drew a new line…Treaty of Tordesillas (moved 700 miles West)(moved 700 miles West)

Hey…we want our pieces!Hey…we want our pieces!

England and France did not England and France did not recognize the “Lines”recognize the “Lines”

1497-John Cabot, Englander, went 1497-John Cabot, Englander, went to northeast coast of NA…so claims to northeast coast of NA…so claims NA’s eastern seaboardNA’s eastern seaboard

Spain replies… “Right of 1Spain replies… “Right of 1stst DiscoveryDiscovery”…so it really ours”…so it really ours

Spain makes 80 voyages in 12 Spain makes 80 voyages in 12 years years

Hey…we want our pieces!Hey…we want our pieces!

England and France did not England and France did not recognize the “Lines”recognize the “Lines”

1497-John Cabot, Englander, went 1497-John Cabot, Englander, went to northeast coast of NA…so claims to northeast coast of NA…so claims NA’s eastern seaboardNA’s eastern seaboard

Spain replies… “Right of 1Spain replies… “Right of 1stst DiscoveryDiscovery”…so it really ours”…so it really ours

Spain makes 80 voyages in 12 Spain makes 80 voyages in 12 years years

God, Glory, and Gold…God, Glory, and Gold… England retorted with “occupation to England retorted with “occupation to

claim”claim” All European countries agreed that All European countries agreed that

they did not need Native Americans’ they did not need Native Americans’ permission to take the landpermission to take the land

Spain’s purpose- “God, glory, & Spain’s purpose- “God, glory, & goldgold”…not necessarily in that order ”…not necessarily in that order

First Spanish explorerFirst Spanish explorer in NA was in NA was Juan Ponce de LeonJuan Ponce de Leon

Isla FloridaIsla Florida

Ponce de Leon was Ponce de Leon was searching for the “Fountain of searching for the “Fountain of Youth”, riches, and adventureYouth”, riches, and adventure

April 1513, landed on St. April 1513, landed on St. Augustine Augustine

Isla Florida—Island of Isla Florida—Island of Flowers because landed Flowers because landed during religious holiday, during religious holiday, Pasqua FloridaPasqua Florida

First European Settlement in First European Settlement in GeorgiaGeorgia

1540- Hernando de Soto-1540- Hernando de Soto---critics are not sure if --critics are not sure if he is the first European in GAhe is the first European in GA

Some believe 1526, Lucas Vazquez de Ayller Some believe 1526, Lucas Vazquez de Ayller might be firstmight be first

Ayller landed in what would be McIntosh Ayller landed in what would be McIntosh County (settlement of San Miguel Guadalupe)County (settlement of San Miguel Guadalupe)

Colony was doomed…cold weather, lack of Colony was doomed…cold weather, lack of food, shelter, illnesses, death, & slave revolt food, shelter, illnesses, death, & slave revolt (450 of 600 had died) (450 of 600 had died)

Searched for gold and silver, but to no availSearched for gold and silver, but to no avail

Where did the Natives go?Where did the Natives go?

In two centuries, over In two centuries, over 90% of Natives had 90% of Natives had been killedbeen killed (diseases, (diseases, weapons-fighting, weapons-fighting, etc.)etc.)

As a result, so slaves As a result, so slaves from West Africa from West Africa were takenwere taken

France in North AmericaFrance in North America

1524-went to Nova 1524-went to Nova Scotia, but soon Scotia, but soon returned homereturned home

1562-Jean Ribault and 1562-Jean Ribault and 150 Huguenots 150 Huguenots (French Protestants) (French Protestants) settled in the area settled in the area north of Savannah north of Savannah (Port Royal)(Port Royal)

““Hey Frenchies…get outta here!”Hey Frenchies…get outta here!”

Charles Fort-1Charles Fort-1stst European fort on North European fort on North American mainland, but forced to abandon American mainland, but forced to abandon due to faminedue to famine

1564-French established Fort Caroline-part 1564-French established Fort Caroline-part of Spanish Florida; Catholic Spanish were of Spanish Florida; Catholic Spanish were mad at French Protestants for coming to mad at French Protestants for coming to their land & raiding their shipstheir land & raiding their ships

1565-Spanish pushed the French out of FC1565-Spanish pushed the French out of FC

St. Augustine…founded by Spanish St. Augustine…founded by Spanish Pedro Menendez-Spanish Pedro Menendez-Spanish

leader that founded St. leader that founded St. Augustine (Augustine (11stst successful successful Spanish settlement; Spanish settlement; military and political base)military and political base)

Well situated to protect Well situated to protect Spanish ships as they Spanish ships as they traveled along to Gulf traveled along to Gulf Stream back to SpainStream back to Spain

English (Sir Francis English (Sir Francis Drake) attacked & burned Drake) attacked & burned city because Spain city because Spain refused to share New refused to share New World (1586) World (1586)

Another Goal of the Spanish…Another Goal of the Spanish…

Transform N.A. into Christians, so Transform N.A. into Christians, so developed Catholic missions (church developed Catholic missions (church outposts in N.A. villages)outposts in N.A. villages)

Friars lived with the nativesFriars lived with the natives Taught religion, behavior, literacy, Taught religion, behavior, literacy,

farming methods, tradingfarming methods, trading Some friars were killed because they Some friars were killed because they

were not welcomewere not welcome

2 Provinces…Juanillo Rebellion2 Provinces…Juanillo Rebellion Divided area into 2 Spanish provinces-Divided area into 2 Spanish provinces-GualeGuale (northern province- (northern province-

between Savannah and Altamaha Rivers) and between Savannah and Altamaha Rivers) and MocamaMocama (southern province- between Altamaha and St. Mary’s Rivers)(southern province- between Altamaha and St. Mary’s Rivers)

1597-Juanillo Rebellion-friar denounced chief and named a new 1597-Juanillo Rebellion-friar denounced chief and named a new chief (stirred trouble); N.A. in Guale killed friars until Mocama chief (stirred trouble); N.A. in Guale killed friars until Mocama natives stopped itnatives stopped it

Can’t we all just get along?Can’t we all just get along?

Spanish and English fought for Spanish and English fought for 20 years over territory in NA20 years over territory in NA

1604-peace treaty & English 1604-peace treaty & English get share of NAget share of NA

1606-1606-King James I issued a King James I issued a charter (legal document charter (legal document signed by the king) to some signed by the king) to some merchants for a merchants for a new colony new colony (Virginia Company)(Virginia Company)

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