energy in schools by john dolan

John Dolan

BEng (Hons) M.Sc. Fire Eng

H.Dip CEng MIEI

Chartered Engineer

Planning & Building Unit

Tullamore

www.energyineducation.ie.

energy in schools

Workshop on Public Sector NZEB Interim Specification Jan 2017

energy in schools

• our energy policy & design approach

• research projects informing approach to

achieving new energy regulation targets

• NZEB design priorities

• proposed implementation of NZEB interim

• proposed next steps

energy in school design

• evolved from energy programme DART

(Design, Awareness, Research & Technology)

• informed by building unit professional &

technical staff & external partnerships

• driven by technical guidance documents

• updated by continued energy research & development

• disseminated by internal / external publications, conferences & annual report

• specific project support from SEAI

• acknowledged by national &

international energy awards

maximising

nature

• passive solar design

• daylighting

• quality ventilation

utilising

technologies

• enhanced insulation

• air tightness

• lighting & controls

• heating & controls

• water efficiency

• I.T. & web based

technologies

issues particular to schools

• schools needs are different

• different operational profiles

• short hours of operation

• technical ability on site

• energy not core function

• solutions must be robust

energy usage in new primary schools

0

50

100

150

200

250

Schools

built in

1980's

Schools

built in

1990's

Schools,

Best

Practice

Current

school

designs

based on

TGD's

Energy used

kWhr/m2/year

usage in new primary schools

renewables in schools

• thermal solar

• photovoltaic For more information visit energyineducation.ie

• wind

• biomass

http://www.energyineducation.ie/Energy_In_Education/

http://www.energyineducation.ie/Energy_In_Education/

energy in schools







the journey so far ! are we there yet ?

• Colaiste Choilm, Tullamore - 2007

• Moynalty NS, Meath - 2009

• Powerscourt NS, Wicklow - 2009

• St Patrick’s NS, Greystones - 2013

• St Catherine’s NS, Aughrim - 2014

• The Downs NS, Mullingar - 2014

– Ireland’s Lowest Energy Secondary

School

• quality sustainable educational facility, fit

for purpose, BER A2

• real time laboratory testing and providing

automated and user feedback

• on a range of low energy design solutions

• maximising rainwater recovery with 87%

mains water replacement to date

• 59% improvement over Part L and 45%

carbon dioxide emissions reductions. EPC

ratio of 0.41

• air leakage test result 1.8 m3/m2/Hr @ 50

Pa, (64% improvement on current

Department standard, 75% better than

comparative building standards)

0

50

100

150

200

250

Schoolsbuilt in1980's

Schoolsbuilt in1990's

Schools,Best

Practice

Currentschooldesigns

based onTGD's

ColaisteChoilm

Energy used

kWhr/m2/year

u values w/m2kElement bldg regs low energy passive

walls 0.27 0.16 0.09floor 0.25 0.25 0.08roof 0.2O 0.16 0.08glazing 2.2 1.8 0.8/0 .9

• passive schools• Moynalty &

Powerscourt

the building fabric

BER A2

passive classrooms research project Greystones

NZEB new builds & BER uplift existing schools

The Downs N.S. Mullingar

& St. Catherine's N.S. Aughrim

energy in schools







NZEB design priorities

• Passive architectural design principles

• Energy efficient envelope and technologies

• Modelling

NZEB design prioritiesPassive architectural design principles

Energy efficient envelope and technologies

Modelling

8 fabric profiles analysed

• optimum fabric upgrade selected

- roof 0.1w/m2 K

- floor 0.12w/m2 K

- external walls 0.15w/m2 K

- glazing 0.8w/m2 K

• air infiltration 1 m3/hr/m2

• reduced PSI for thermal bridging


Passive architectural design principles

Energy efficient envelope and technologies Modelling

8 technology profiles analysed including mixes of

- lighting LED

- solar thermal

- photovoltaic

- chp

- heat pumps

- heat recovery ventilation optionsMHRV System



Modelling

selected targets * model parameters

A 55 kWh/m2 &

10 % renewables

B 50 kWh/m2 with

no renewables

C 40 kWh/m2 &

20 % renewables

• dry resultant temp does not exceed 25 0C for

5% of occupied year

• occupied period 1st Sept to 21 June (183 days)

• occupancy 9am to 3pm

• daylight Factor 4.5 %

• 16 different energy profiles developed

modelling – Sustainable Engineering Solutions Ltd


Passive architectural design principles


Modelling

SBEM (not compatible with Irish Schools operational criteria)

- hot water demand

- density ratios in classrooms

- occupancy hours

- ventilation rates and demand ventilation

- internal design temperature

- occupancy rates

- uses 2.7 as electrical primary energy conversion factor



Modelling

option SBEM

66.5 Kwh/m2/yr.

A 55 kWh/m2 &

10 % renewables No

B 50 kWh/m2 with

no renewables No

C 40 kWh/m2 &

20 % renewables No



Modelling

SBEM DTM

selected option * 66.5 Kwh/m2/yr. 23 Kwh/m2/yr.

A 55 kWh/m2 &

10% renewables No YES

B 50 kWh/m2 with

no renewables No YES

C 40 kWh/m2 &




Modelling SBEM DTM

selected option * 66.5 Kwh/m2/yr. 23 Kwh/m2/yr.

A 55 kWh/m2 &


B 50 kWh/m2 with

no renewables No YES

C 40 kWh/m2 &


20% Renewables 13.3 Kwh/m2 4.6 Kwh/m2

Result = inflated primary energy & over provision of renewables

Renewables / SBEM/ NZEB INTERIM

It is a comparative evaluation tool not a design tool

- assumes the renewable energy is useful

- does not factor in / out feed-in tariffs

the maths do not add up !!!

Large PV ≠ usable energy -/+ export free to grid + grid

charges

SBEM & renewables logic

Renewables / SBEM/ NZEB INTERIM

NZEB tools for school analysis should enable

• calculation of the accurate electrical base load

• account for any feed in tariffs (FIT), etc.

• evaluation of the correct amount of cost optimum PV

usable energy + FIT - grid charges = Cost optimum PV

SBEM & renewables logic

energy in schools







Interim NZEB performance specification

Implementation ?

projects commencing design after 1 Jan 2017 will use interim

specification for projects not occupied before 31 Dec 2018

not proposing application on

projects presently at various stages of design that will not be

completed prior to the 2018 deadline

projects at advanced design stages but not programmed to go

to construction until circa 2018 at the earliest

existing projects which will be completed in accordance with

their grant of planning permission

deliverables to apply NZEB interim specification for schools

the Simplified Building Energy Model (SBEM) requires

upgrading to reflect the Irish Schools criteria

additional capital funding

provisions to make the maths add up on renewables in

schools

energy in schools







Next steps

deliverables to support NZEB interim Specification for

schools are required

the Down’s NS detail design is underway based on interim

specification requirements, prequal Q1, tendering Q2,

opening 2018

maximising

nature

• passive solar

design

• daylighting

• quality ventilation

technologies• > enhanced insulation

• > air tightness

• > enhanced glazing

• lighting & controls

• heating & controls

• water efficiency

• I.T. & web based

technologies

• renewable energy on site

• thermal bridging

applying NZEB interim specification to

schools

Next steps (continued)

in accordance with DHPCLG direction, public sector

interim specification to be used by all design teams

appointed/ commencing design from 1 January 2017 where

the schools will be occupied after 31 Dec 2018

the exact cost implications need to be established

the funding implications will need to be addressed

Thank you for listening

www.energyineducation.ie.

energy in schools

Workshop on Public Sector NZEB

Interim Specification Jan 2017

energy in schools by john dolan

Government & Nonprofit