SUBJECT:«A TECHNIQUE OF DETERMINATION OF
DURATION OF INSOLATION OF PREMISES IN TERRITORIES
POPULATION».
Tasks:To acquaint students with the main hygienic requirements to
insolation of a houseTo acquaint students with a technique of determination of duration of
insolation of premises and building territories
To acquaint students with use control инсоляционной a ruler.
The student should know:
Determination of duration of
insolation
To check level of municipal noise
To estimate insolation level by means of
control инсоляционной a
ruler
In details to study duration of a zateneniye
To state an assessment to the
most important elements of a
sanitary accomplishment of
the occupied places..
THE STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE
to carry out the current sanitary inspection on under control municipal
objects.
to carry out visual, laboratory and tool, settlement methods of definition for a hygienic assessment of factors of environment;
to carry out laboratory researches on the corresponding subject.
Questions:
• MAKE DEFINITION OF THE TERM "INSOLATION"
• .HYGIENIC REQUIREMENTS TO INSOLATIONS
• STRUCTURE ИНСОЛЯМЕТРА
• METHODS SK DEFINITION
• WHAT INSOLATION TIME FOR THE 4TH CLIMATIC ZONES SHOULD BE
• INSOLATION INFLUENCE KEO ROOM
• TEMPERATURE GRADIENT OF ROOMS CONNECTED FROM INSOLATION
• COMMUNICATION BETWEEN ORIENTATION AND INSOLATIONS
• HYGIENIC REQUIREMENT OF INSOLATION OF LPU
• FACTORS INFLUENCING INSOLATION OF ROOMS AND THE TERRITORY
• IN WHAT PARTS OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING INSOLATION IS DEFINED
• CONTROL ИНСОЛЯЦИОННАЯ RULER
• WELL-KNOWN BIG IMPROVING VALUE OF INSOLATION OF BUILDINGS AND
TERRITORY AS POWERFUL HYGIENIC FACTOR.
• PILOT STUDIES AND NATURAL SUPERVISION,
• EXECUTED IN RECENT YEARS, HAVE ALLOWED TO PROVE HYGIENIC
STANDARDS OF DURATION OF INSOLATION OF ROOMS FOR RECEIVING
BACTERICIDAL EFFECT AND GENERAL EDUCATIONAL ACTION.
• ACCORDING TO IT IN «SANITARY STANDARDS AND RULES OF ENSURING
INSOLATION OF RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND A RESIDENTIAL
DEVELOPMENT OF THE OCCUPIED PLACES» INITIAL CRITERIA AT AN
ASSESSMENT OF CONDITIONS OF INSOLATION OF ROOMS AND TERRITORIES
ARE ACCEPTED:
Contents of occupation:
on it is general to improving influence - not less than 3 hours in day of continuous, direct solar radiation of rooms and the housing estate territory at all geographic latitudes of the Republic of Uzbekistan.On thermal influence - restriction at arising requirement of direct solar radiation of rooms and the housing estate territory.Implementation of the first requirement as restriction of radiation it can be reached and at the expense of different protective adaptations is most essential.
• THE GENERAL LIGHT AND WARM INFLUENCE
OF SOLAR RADIATION IS EXPRESSED BY A
GELIOTERMICHESKY INDICATOR - WORK OF
DURATION OF INSOLATION ON AVERAGE AIR
TEMPERATURE DURING INSOLATION.
• AFTER AN ARRANGEMENT OF A BUILDING BUT
A GELIOTERMICHESKY AXIS BOTH OF HIS
FACADE RECEIVE APPROXIMATELY EQUAL
FAVOURABLE CONDITIONS OF INSOLATION.
Duration of insolation is determined by the same rules on весене- an autumn equinox - on March 22 and on September 22. Between these dates duration of insolation increases, and after September 22 decreases, but not below one hour, and then since December 22 again increases.
Insolation of rooms and the territory is defined by a number of factors. From them the main;
The provision of the sun in a various season and day;
Geographic latitude;
Orientation of an insoliruyemy light aperture;
Distance to shading buildings, their arrangement and the sizes.
• DETERMINATION OF INSOLATION IS CONDUCTED ON A GROUND
FLOOR OF A BUILDING, AS TO THE MOST VULNERABLE IN SENSE OF A
ZATENENIYE.
• THE GAP BETWEEN THE NEXT BUILDINGS KEEPS PARAMOUNT
VALUE FOR ZATENENIYE PREVENTION.
• AT SOME ORIENTATION THE REQUIREMENT THE THREE-SENTRY OF
INSOLATION CAN BE EXECUTED ONLY AT DISTANCE BETWEEN
FACADES, EQUAL NOT LESS THAN TO THREE HEIGHTS OF HIGHER
BUILDING. THE GAP IN TWO HEIGHTS IS IN CERTAIN CASES
SUFFICIENT. BETWEEN THE LONG PARTIES AND DEAF END FACES OF
BUILDINGS OR BETWEEN END FACES WITH WINDOWS THE GAP IS
ESTABLISHED IN ONE HEIGHT OF A BUILDING. AT A SHIROTNY
ARRANGEMENT OF A LONG AXIS THE GAP IS ESTABLISHED ON
BUILDING HEIGHT FROM THE SOUTH, ALL DAY STREAM OF SUNSHINE
FROM WHERE FALLS.
• TO DEFINE INSOLATION OF A BUILDING AND THE TERRITORY OF
BUILDING IT IS POSSIBLE A SETTLEMENT WAY. HOWEVER MORE
VISUALLY TO REPRODUCE INSOLATION AND A ZATENENIYE IT IS
POSSIBLE ON MODELS BY MEANS OF DEVICES, AND SIMULATING
THE PROVISION OF THE SUN AT ANY WIDTH AT ANY TIME YEAR
AND DAY, AND ALSO TO FIX A PICTURE OF SHADOWS IN THE
PHOTO OR GRAPHICALLY.
• THE VARIOUS NOMOGRAMS PUT ON ARE LATELY APPLIED
TRANSPARENT PLATES THE ALLOWING WE WILL FORGIVE
COMBINATION THEM ON THE DRAWING WITH
TO FACADES OF A BUILDING OR ANY POINT IN THE TERRITORY
TO ESTABLISH
• DURATION OF INSOLATION AND ZATENENIYE CONDITION.
• TECHNIQUE OF DETERMINATION OF DURATION OF INSOLATION
OF PREMISES AND BUILDING TERRITORY.
• .
Visually conditions of insolation and a zateneniye can be reproduced by means of models on the special devices simulating the provision of the sun in a various season and day at various widths. In practice of a condition of insolation determine by a settlement and graphic method by special nomograms, control - inflationary rulers and special devices (Insolyametr Obolonskogo).
The control - the insolyatsionny ruler represents the drawing put on a transparent film орг. glass or photographic paper and having the symbols, which vzaimopolozheniye depends from geographical widths. On ruler perimetre since the right side the time of day and under it a corner of height of standing of the sun, for example 7/8 is clockwise designated, the mark of time and height of standing of the sun are given for each hour with 6. 00 till 18.00.
Ruler build for concrete width of the district. It is the large-scale device, it do in that scale in which the project drawing (more often on the scale of 1:500, 1:2000) is executed.
In the middle of the top horizontal line of a ruler the point with an arrow C is designated - the index on the North (an orientation point) in the radial direction from it has put the lines showing the direction of shadows from 6 to 18 towards a point With from any object which gets in the way a ray of sunlight.
Each part shares on half-hour intervals. From the right and left parties of a ruler vertical lines - scales of conditional scales allowing to define length of the shadow rejected by object of the set height on a required point of Page are located.
The technique of determination of duration of insolation of a facade of a building or the territory in the absence of shading objects consists in the following. A ruler impose on the plan so that the interesting point of the first facade of a building or the territory has coincided with a point from a ruler. The ruler should be previously is focused, that is is located so that the arrow has been directed on the North.
1Then note those radial lines
which connect a point to theoretical time of the
beginning and the insolation end. The general duration of insolation is defined as a difference between big and
smaller by the values of time of day limited by
radial lines.
2Duration of insolation in the presence of shading
objects define as follows. From the general duration of insolation of not shaded object subtract time
during which the point interesting us will be shaded by other buildings or objects.
3 Duration of a zateneniye establish so. On number of storeys of shading object on an insolyatsionny ruler
taking into account scale find an arrangement horizontal conditional «lines of number of storeys».
Use of a method of an innovation "WEB"
Previously students are given time for preparation of questions on the passable occupation.
Students sit around
One of participants is given a hank of threads, and it asks the prepared question, holding the end of a thread and throwing a hank to any student.
The student who has received a hank, answers a question, and passes on question baton further. Participants continue to ask questions and to answer them while all will not appear in a web.
As soon as all students to stop to ask questions, the student holding a hank, returns his participant from which has received a question, thus asking the question etc. Before complete unwinding of a ball.
Questions:
i. Make definition of the term "insolation"ii. The hygienic requirements to insolationiii. Structure инсоляметраiv. Methods SK definitionv. What insolation time for the 4th climatic zones should bevi. Insolation influence KEO roomvii. Temperature gradient of rooms connected from insolationviii. Communication between orientation and insolationsix. Hygienic requirement of insolation of LPUx. Factors influencing insolation of rooms and the territoryxi. In what parts of a residential building insolation is definedxii. Control инсоляционная rulerxiii. Technique of determination of insolation.
RECOMMENDED LITERATURE:
THE MAIN:
• 1. Ш T. OTABOYEV T. AND. ISKANDAROV "KOMMUNAL HYGIENE
"T. 1994Й
• 2. AKULOV К.И. BUSHTUYEVA K.A. "MUNICIPAL HYGIENE" M 1986Г.
• 3. "MANAGEMENT TO LABORATORY RESEARCHES ON MUNICIPAL
HYGIENE". E.I.GONCHARUK M. 1990Г
• 4. "HYGIENE"UNDER EDITION OF PROF. DEMIDENKO I.M. 2002Г.
• 5."KOMMUNAL HYGIENE
ФАНИДАНAMALIYAМАШГУЛОТЛАРУЧУНКУЛЛАНМА"UNDER
EDITION T.I.ISKANDAROVA. T. 2006.
THE ADDITIONAL:
• LAWS RUZ, STATE STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS RUZ,
SANPINA, KMK, JOINT VENTURE, ORDERS.
• METHODICAL DEVELOPMENT ON EMS.
• LECTURE MATERIALS.
• INTERNETRESURS:
• O‘Z.RES.SSVVEB-SAYT
• TTA SAYTI – WWW.TMA.UZ.
• HTT://WEB.TMA TMA WI-FIZONEZIYONET
