DIMENSIONS OF DIMENSIONS OF ANTHROPOMETRY: ANTHROPOMETRY:

CONVENTION OR EXPANSIONCONVENTION OR EXPANSION

SHRAWAN KUMAR SHRAWAN KUMAR PhD,DSc,FErgS,FRSCPhD,DSc,FErgS,FRSC

PROFESSOR EMERITUSPROFESSOR EMERITUSUNIVERSITY OF ALBERTAUNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA

ANTHRPOMETRYANTHRPOMETRY

•• ANTHRO …. HUMANANTHRO …. HUMAN•• METREIN …. MEASUREMETREIN …. MEASURE

THUS,THUS,

ANTHROPOMETRY DEALS WITH ANTHROPOMETRY DEALS WITH MEASURE OF HUMANKINDMEASURE OF HUMANKIND

SIZE IS IMPORTANTSIZE IS IMPORTANT

IT DOES MATTERIT DOES MATTER

ANTHROPOMETRYANTHROPOMETRY

•• IS SIZE THE MEASURE OF HUMAN ?IS SIZE THE MEASURE OF HUMAN ?

WE ALL HAVE HEARDWE ALL HAVE HEARD

SIZE IS NO MEASURE OF MAN (HUMAN)SIZE IS NO MEASURE OF MAN (HUMAN)

BUT, IS SIZE THE ONLY MEASURE OF WORKING BUT, IS SIZE THE ONLY MEASURE OF WORKING HUMAN ?HUMAN ?

PROBABLY NOT !PROBABLY NOT !

ANTHROPOMETRYANTHROPOMETRY

•• SIZE IS ONE OF MANY VARIABLE OF SIZE IS ONE OF MANY VARIABLE OF ANY WORKING HUMANANY WORKING HUMAN

•• SIZE IS UNIQUE TO THE INDIVIDUALSIZE IS UNIQUE TO THE INDIVIDUAL•• INDIVIDUALS VARYINDIVIDUALS VARY•• COLLECTION OF VARIABLES COLLECTION OF VARIABLES

CHARACTERIZES A WORKING CHARACTERIZES A WORKING INDIVIDUAL MORE MEANINGFULLY INDIVIDUAL MORE MEANINGFULLY AND REFLECTS THEIR PHYSICALLY AND REFLECTS THEIR PHYSICALLY FUNCTIONING INDIVIDUALITYFUNCTIONING INDIVIDUALITY

PERFORMANCE IS A RESULT PERFORMANCE IS A RESULT OF INTEGRATED EFFORT OF:OF INTEGRATED EFFORT OF:

•• PHYSICAL FACTORSPHYSICAL FACTORS

•• COGNITIVE FACTORSCOGNITIVE FACTORS

•• PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORSPSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS

•• CULTURAL FACTORS (SOMETIMES)CULTURAL FACTORS (SOMETIMES)

PHYSICAL FACTORSPHYSICAL FACTORS

FUNCTIONALFUNCTIONAL

•• STRENGTHSTRENGTH•• SPEEDSPEED•• RANGE OF MOTIONRANGE OF MOTION•• ENDURANCE ENDURANCE •• AEROBIC CAPACITYAEROBIC CAPACITY•• PRECISIONPRECISION•• DEXTERITY etc.DEXTERITY etc.

STRUCTURALSTRUCTURAL

•• BODY SIZEBODY SIZE•• MOMENT ARMMOMENT ARM•• MUSCLE CSAMUSCLE CSA•• JOB & BODY JOB & BODY

CONFIGURATIONCONFIGURATION•• FLEXIBILITYFLEXIBILITY•• CONDITIONINGCONDITIONING

STRENGTH …. For exampleSTRENGTH …. For example

•• IN THE CASE OF LIFTING STRENGTHIN THE CASE OF LIFTING STRENGTH

STANDARDSSTANDARDS

•• ILO : ILO : –– Men 24 kg Men 24 kg –– Women 21kgWomen 21kg

•• NIOSH: Action LimitNIOSH: Action Limit–– 3400 N 3400 N LumbosacralLumbosacral compressioncompression–– 3.5 Kcal/min Energy cost3.5 Kcal/min Energy cost–– Acceptable to 99% males and 75% femalesAcceptable to 99% males and 75% females–– Epidemiological risk of injury lowEpidemiological risk of injury low

Isokinetic and Isometric (with hip at 90 ) stoop-lift strength (Males)o

Isokinetic and Isometric (with knee at 90 ) squat-lift strength (Males)o

Functional Strength MeasureFunctional Strength Measure

Strength in Newtons (N)

0

100

200

300

400

500

Required

Available

180

150

120

90

60

30

0

Range ofMotion(degrees)

Required

Available

10 20 30 40 5050 40 30 20 10

10

20

30

40

50

60

60

50

40

30

20

10

Adduction

Extension

Flexion

AbductionDEFICIT AVAILABLE

10 20 30 40 5050 40 30 20 10

10

20

30

40

50

60

60

50

40

30

20

10

Adduction

Extension

Flexion

AbductionDEFICIT AVAILABLE

10 20 30 40 5050 40 30 20 10

10

20

30

40

50

60

130

120

110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

Adduction

Extension

Flexion

Abduction

DEFICIT

AVAILABLE

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

70 60 50 40 30 20 10

ExternalRotation

InternalRotation

Available

100 200 300 400 5000

30

60

90

120

150

180

Strength in Newtons

Range ofMotion(degrees)

Required

Strength

ROM

Speed

AEROBIC CAPACITYAEROBIC CAPACITY

&&

ENDURANCEENDURANCE

SP-STR-ROM

END-AC

DEX-PRE

Physical ProfilePhysical Profile

A

D

C

B

LOAD

MOTION

EXPOSURETIME

(Logarithmic Scale)

(Logarithmic Scale)

(Logarithmic Scale)

Model of Safety and HazardModel of Safety and Hazard

•• MOS + JMR = 1MOS + JMR = 1

Therefore,Therefore,

•• MOS = 1 MOS = 1 -- JMRJMR

A composite index (C1) of JMR A composite index (C1) of JMR can becan be

obtained by its:obtained by its:

•• three risk factors (Rthree risk factors (R11, R, R22, R, R33))

•• corresponding safety (Scorresponding safety (S11, S, S22, , SS33))

Therefore,Therefore,

•• MOSMOS == SS11 x Sx S22 x Sx S33== (1 (1 -- RR11) (1 ) (1 -- RR22) (1 ) (1 -- RR33))

•• Since, Risk = 1 Since, Risk = 1 -- SafetySafety

•• Therefore in simple conceptual Therefore in simple conceptual terms,terms,CI = [1 CI = [1 -- (1 (1 -- RR11) (1 ) (1 -- RR22) (1 ) (1 -- RR33)])]

COGNITIVECOGNITIVE

PER-REAC.TM

COG-JD

DEC.MK-OPER

Psychological ProfilePsychological Profile

PSYCHOSOCIALPSYCHOSOCIAL

TSK.ACC. & COM

DR., MOT

SLF.EST, CON

Social ProfileSocial Profile

Physical

Social

Psychological

Composite Performance CapacityComposite Performance Capacity

Physical Performance Factors

Dexterity

Cardio Vascular Fitness

Range ofMotion

Pain

Strength

Speed

Precision

Endurance

AerobicCapacity

TissueTolerance

Psycho-socialPerformance Factors

DecisionMaking

Task commitmentDrive

Goal orientation

Confidence

Self-esteem

Peer-acceptance

Cognition

IntegrativeJudgment

ReactionTime

Operation

Fatigue

Motivation

Perception

PainTissue

Aerobic

Endurance

Precision

Dexterity

Speed

Strength

ROM

DriveConfidence

Motivation

Fatigue

Operation

ReactionTime

DecisionMaking

IntegrativeJudgment

CognitionPerception

PeerAcceptance

SelfEsteem

GoalOrientation

TaskCommitment

ofMotion

Capacity

Tolerance

AB

PainTissue

Aerobic

Endurance

Precision

Dexterity

Speed

Strength

ROM

DriveConfidence

Motivation

Fatigue

Operation

ReactionTime

DecisionMaking

IntegrativeJudgment

CognitionPerception

PeerAcceptance

SelfEsteem

GoalOrientation

TaskCommitment

ofMotion

Capacity

Tolerance

AB

ANTHROPOMETRY MAY ANTHROPOMETRY MAY INCLUDE:INCLUDE:

•• SIZESIZE•• STRENGTH (Range and optimal STRENGTH (Range and optimal

values)values)•• RANGE OF MOTION (Optimal RANGE OF MOTION (Optimal

range)range)•• RANGE OF SPEEDS (Optimal RANGE OF SPEEDS (Optimal

speed)speed)

THANK YOUTHANK YOU

&&

QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?