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Creating Healthier Students & Better Learners With the School Breakfast Program

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This school breakfast report shows that Maryland’s performance is a glass that is half-full.

While the state has made great strides in expanding school breakfast participation, there

are still hundreds of thousands of low-income children who are missing out on the most

important meal of the day.

Maryland Hunger Solutions knows that the single most important action schools can take

to increase access to the School Breakfast Program is to offer breakfast in the classroom

after the school day starts. When breakfast is offered at no charge to all students in high-

poverty schools, school breakfast participation grows even more. Research shows that student

attendance, academic performance, and behavior all improve when students have access to

school breakfast.

This report outlines the top three barriers to participation in school breakfast and details

three key recommendations for schools to increase access to the School Breakfast Program:

offer breakfast after the bell; participate in Maryland Meals for Achievement; and

elect community eligibility. Finally, this report provides a school breakfast report card for

Maryland overall and for each public school system in the state.

Maryland Hunger Solutions applauds those who are already taking these steps to the benefit

of their local communities and their students, but in many jurisdictions around the state,

there is still room for improvement. State-wide, the glass is half empty.

About This Report

Maryland’s Report Card for the 2015–2016 School Year

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Maryland Hunger SolutionsThe Food Research & Action Center established Maryland Hunger Solutions in the fall of 2007 as a project to fight hunger and improve the nutrition, health, and well-being of children and families in Maryland. Maryland Hunger Solutions works to ensure that all Maryland residents have reliable access to the healthy food they need. To do this, Maryland Hunger Solutions uses a three-pronged strategy to:

1. provide education about the stark reality of hunger’s existence in Maryland and the proven solutions to reduce food insecurity;

2. improve public policies to end food insecurity and poverty; and

3. ensure that all eligible residents are connected to federal and state nutrition programs, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (also known as the Food Supplement Program in Maryland) and school meals programs.

AcknowledgmentsMaryland Hunger Solutions gratefully acknowledges the following funders of its work to improve and expand participation in the School Breakfast Program: n Baltimore Community Foundation;n Community Foundation for the National Capital Region;n Consumer Health Foundation;n David and Barbara B. Hirschhorn Foundation;n Eugene and Agnes E. Meyer Foundation;n Fund for Change;n Horizon Foundation;n Hunger Is, a joint program of The Albertsons Companies Foundation and the

Entertainment Industry Foundation;n Johns Hopkins University;n MAZON: A Jewish Response to Hunger;n Morningstar Foundation;n Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation;n Stewart B. Eckers Charitable Trust;n United Way of Central Maryland; &n Zanvyl and Isabelle Krieger Fund. This report was written by Tam Lynne Kelley, LGSW, of Maryland Hunger Solutions, with assistance from Food Research & Action Center staff, including Wendy Forbes, Content Editor.


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The School Breakfast Program improves health and ensures that students can start the school day ready to learn. Therefore, increasing access to school breakfast is a key strategy to reduce food insecurity (limited or uncertain access to adequate food) and to improve the health and education of Maryland’s children.

Research demonstrates that participation in the School Breakfast Program can reduce educational and health disparities and produce a range of positive outcomes including:

n improved diet, short-term memory, and behavior at school;

n increased academic attainment;

n better school attendance; and

n decreased food insecurity, likelihood of developing obesity, and tardiness.

Too many Maryland families struggle with low wages and underemployment – two of the key drivers of food insecurity. At the same time, hundreds of thousands of low-income children in Maryland do not have sufficient access to the School Breakfast Program. In fact, only 47 percent of low-income students in Maryland participated in school breakfast during the 2015–2016 school year.

Introduction


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Although the statewide average is less than half, there are districts in the state that have been more successful in ensuring adequate access to the school breakfast program. For instance, in three Maryland public school systems, more than 69 percent of low-income students participated in the School Breakfast Program.

But three out of 24 public school systems are not enough. In fact, this report shows that out of the 24 jurisdictions, 12 received a “B” grade or better, while the other 12 received a “C” grade or less.

Maryland’s Best Public School Systems at Reaching Low-Income Students with School Breakfast

Kent County Public SchoolsSomerset County Public SchoolsCaroline County Public Schools


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Low-Income Student Participation in School Breakfast

Since the 2010–2011 school year, when less than one third of low-income students participated in school breakfast, Maryland’s school breakfast participation has increased consistently. While this progress is commendable, more must be done to ensure that all low-income students have access to a healthy school breakfast.


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Why did participation begin to significantly increase in 2011? As the next chart illustrates, low-income student participation in school breakfast is directly tied to the number of schools using the Maryland Meals for Achievement program and the Community Eligibility Provision. Maryland Meals for Achievement funding allows high-poverty schools to implement free breakfast in the classroom and schools using community eligibility offer school breakfast and lunch to all students at no charge.

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Low-Income Students in Maryland Participating in the School Breakfast Program,

School Years 2007-2008 to 2015-2016

2008-2009

2009-2010

2010-2011

2011-2012

2012-2013

2013-2014

2014-2015

2015-2016

School Year

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Low-Income Student Participation inSchool Breakfast Increases with Utilization of

Maryland Meals for Achievement and Community Eligibility

2008-2009

2009-2010

2010-2011

2011-2012

2012-2013

2013-2014

2014-2015

2015-2016

School Year

33%32% 33%

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Less than half of all low-income students in Maryland participate in the School Breakfast Program. The main reason is that many schools offer breakfast in the cafeteria before the school day begins, making it inaccessible to the many students who have not yet arrived at school. Even if students arrive early to eat school breakfast, they may feel peer pressure to socialize or play instead.

The second obstacle is the stigma resulting from the too frequent perception of the School Breakfast Program as only serving children from poor families. The severity of this stigma becomes more pronounced as children mature. Especially in conjunction with competing morning priorities, stigma makes it difficult for students to participate in school breakfast.

The cost of school breakfast is another barrier, especially among low-income students. For example, a child of a single parent who earns just $22,000 a year does not qualify for free school meals. This family earns “too much” to qualify for free meals and must pay the reduced-price co-pay for meals, despite the fact that they are likely struggling to make ends meet, especially considering Maryland’s high cost of living. As a result, many low-income families are not able to afford the cost of school meals.

School Breakfast Barriers


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The single most important action schools can take to increase access to the School Breakfast Program is to offer breakfast after the school day starts.

When the switch is made from offering breakfast in the cafeteria before the school day begins, to serving breakfast after the start of the school day, both access to — and participation in — school breakfast increase. Not only do all students have access to a nutritious breakfast, student attendance and behavior also improve when schools adopt breakfast after the bell. Schools can implement breakfast after the bell using various models, including breakfast in the classroom and grab and go breakfast kiosks.

Eliminate Breakfast Barriers by Offering Breakfast After the Bell

“We implemented the ‘Breakfast in the Classroom’ program this year and it has been a great success … it helps set a positive tone for the day.”

Lisa M. Smith, M.Ed. Principal of Callaway Elementary School in Baltimore

TWO BREAKFAST BARRIERS ARE ELIMINATED WHEN SCHOOLS OFFER BREAKFAST AFTER THE BELL!


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Maryland Meals for Achievement funding allows high-poverty schools to implement free breakfast in the classroom. This program removes all three of the breakfast barriers to participation and is a smart investment — for every dollar in state funding, Maryland leverages $5.46 in federal reimbursements. Since Maryland Meals for Achievement began 18 years ago, hundreds of Maryland schools have created healthier children and better students by increasing access to the School Breakfast Program.

Eliminate Breakfast Barriers with Maryland Meals for Achievement

ALL THREE BREAKFAST BARRIERS ARE ELIMINATED WHEN SCHOOLS PARTICIPATE IN MARYLAND MEALS FOR ACHIEVEMENT!


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The Community Eligibility Provision (CEP) allows high-poverty schools to offer school breakfast and lunch to all students at no charge — essentially becoming Hunger-Free Schools.

In schools with community eligibility, participation in school meals increases because the stigma that often surrounds school meals is reduced and students receiving the meals are no longer differentiated based on their family’s income. Community eligibility prevents students from “falling through the cracks,” including those in families that are just above the income threshold for assistance, but still struggling to make ends meet.

Eliminate Breakfast Barriers with Community Eligibility

TWO OUT OF THREE BREAKFAST BARRIERS ARE ELIMINATED WHEN SCHOOLS ELECT THE COMMUNITY ELIGIBILITY PROVISION!


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“I can tell you that in 27 years one of the best decisions I ever made was to enroll the Somerset County Public School System in the Community Eligibility Provision. It has had a tremendous impact within our student population, put much needed money back into our parent’s pockets and assured our com-munity that all students are receiving well-balanced meals and meals that sustain them and help them focus on their educational experience.”

Dr. John B. Gaddis Superintendent of Somerset County Public Schools

Community eligibility also simplifies administrative processes and improves efficiency by eliminating the need for school meal benefit applications, which can be confusing for families to fill out and laborious for school districts to process. Instead, the federal government uses existing data on participation in other means-tested programs. Students living in households that participate in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) or the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program, as well as foster, migrant, homeless, or runaway youth, and Head Start participants are all counted as “identified students.” A complete list of schools in Maryland that qualify for the Community Eligibility Provision can be found in Appendix C.


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By not fully utilizing community eligibility, Maryland is leaving federal dollars on the table — resources that could directly benefit low-income students. In fact, during the 2014–2015 school year, just 23 schools in Maryland — a mere six percent of all eligible schools — opted to use community eligibility. Fortunately, the number of Hunger-Free Schools increased significantly after Governor Larry Hogan signed The Hunger-Free Schools Act of 2015, a bill that both houses of the Maryland legislature passed unanimously in order to increase access to community eligibility. Because of this law, the number of Hunger-Free Schools increased to 227 in the 2015–2016 school year.

Number of Schools Using Community Eligibility and the Number of Students Attending These Schools in Maryland


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How Community Eligibility WorksAuthorized by the federal Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010,the Community Eligibility

Provision allows high-poverty schools to offer breakfast and lunch at no charge to all

students and to realize significant administrative savings by eliminating school meal

applications. Any district, group of schools in a district, or school with 40 percent or more

“identified students” — children eligible for free school meals who already are identified

by other means than an individual household application — can choose to participate.

Identified students include:

n Children directly certified for free school meals through data matching because their

households receive Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits,

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), assistance through the Food

Distribution Program on Indian Reservations (FDPIR) program, and in some states,

Medicaid.

n Children who are certified for free meals without an application because they are

homeless, migrant, enrolled in Head Start, or in foster care.

Community eligibility schools are reimbursed for meals served based on a formula.

Because of evidence that the ratio of all eligible children to children in these identified

categories would be 1.6 to 1, Congress built that into the formula. Reimbursements to

the school are calculated by multiplying the percentage of identified students by 1.6

to determine the percentage of meals reimbursed at the federal free rate, the highest

federal subsidy level. For example, a school with 50 percent identified students would be

reimbursed for 80 percent of the meals eaten at the free reimbursement rate (50 x 1.6 =

80), and 20 percent at the “paid rate” (the lowest federal subsidy level).

School districts may also choose to participate districtwide or group schools however they

choose if the district or group has an overall identified student percentage of 40 percent or

higher.


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Many high-poverty schools can — and should — use both Maryland Meals for Achievement and community eligibility to provide access to free school breakfast and lunch. In fact, the following table lists some of the schools that are currently receiving state funding for breakfast in the classroom through Maryland Meals for Achievement and also are eligible to receive federal funding for both school breakfast and lunch through community eligibility. By adding community eligibility, these Maryland Meals for Achievement schools can better leverage federal resources and significantly reduce the amount of state funding needed to support their school meal program. As a result, the limited state funding for Maryland Meals for Achievement can be used more effectively to the benefit of more students.

The Power of Two: Many Schools Can Use Both Maryland Meals for Achievement and Community Eligibility


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Table 1. Schools With Maryland Meals for Achievement That are Also Eligible to Participate in the Community Eligibility Provision

School District Selected List of Schools

Allegany County George’s Creek Elementary South Penn Elementary Westernport Elementary

Anne Arundel County Eastport Elementary Georgetown East Elementary J. Albert Adams Academy Van Bokkelen Elementary

Baltimore County Deep Creek Elementary Dundalk Elementary Logan Elementary Sandalwood Elementary Sussex Elementary

Caroline County Federalsburg Elementary

Carroll County Gateway School

Cecil County Gilpin Manor Elementary Thomson Estates Elementary

Dorchester County Choptank Elementary Hurlock Elementary Judy Hoyer Center Maces Lane Middle Maple Elementary

Harford County G. D. Lisby Elementary Hillsdale Halls Cross Roads Elementary Magnolia Elementary

Kent County H. H. Garnett Elementary

Montgomery County New Hampshire Estates Elementary

Prince George’s County Robert R. Gray Elementary Thomas Claggett Elementary

St. Mary’s County George Washington Carver Elementary

Wicomico County Beaver Run Elementary Pemberton Elementary Pinehurst Elementary West Salisbury Elementary Wicomico Early Learning Center

Worcester County Pocomoke Elementary

School administrators can contact their county’s Food and Nutrition Services Department for more information or to sign up.


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The school breakfast report cards evaluate the state of Maryland and each of its 24 public school systems for the 2015–2016 school year.

1 The first grade reflects the percentage of low-income students in the district that participate in the School Breakfast Program and is an indication of how well the district is ensuring access for those most in need.

2 The second grade reveals the percentage of eligible schools that are participating in Maryland Meals for Achievement.

3 The third grade measures the percentage of eligible schools that are participating in the Community Eligibility Provision.

School Breakfast Report Cards

Grading Rubric for School Breakfast Report Cards Percentage of Percentage of Percentage of Low-Income Schools Schools Students Participating in Participating in Participating Maryland Meals Community in Breakfast for Achievement Eligibility

A+ 69–100 94–100 90–100

A 65–68 89–93 80–89

A- 61–64 85–88 70–79

B+ 58–60 80–84 60–69

B 54–57 70–79 50–59

B- 50–53 60–69 40–49

C+ 48–49 50–59 30–39

C 44–47 40–49 20–29

C- 41–43 30–39 10–19

Time to Act 0–40 0–29 0–9


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The Low-Income Student Participation GradeThe percentage of low-income students that participate in school breakfast reflects how well each district is ensuring that all low-income students have full access to the School Breakfast Program. A student is considered “low-income” if they are certified for free or reduced-price school meals due to their household income falling below 185 percent of the Federal Poverty Level. The Average Daily Participation (ADP) of low-income students in the district’s School Breakfast Program was divided by the total enrollment of low-income students in school year 2015-2016 to determine this percentage.

Please note that in previous Maryland Hunger Solutions reports, low-income student participation in school breakfast was calculated differently. For example, in the report for school year 2014–2015, the ADP of low-income student participation in school breakfast was divided by the ADP of low-income student participation in the National School Lunch Program. Please reference the methodology section for further details.

The Maryland Meals for Achievement GradeThis grade is based on the percentage of Maryland Meals for Achievement-eligible schools in the school district that are participating in this state funding for breakfast in the classroom for all students at no charge in school year 2015-2016.

The Community Eligibility Provision GradeThis grade is determined by comparing the number of schools in the school district that are using this federal school meal funding option with the number of schools that individually meet the eligibility threshold in school year 2015-2016.


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Table 2. Low-Income Student Participation in School Breakfast in Maryland School Districts

Percentage of Low- Grade for Low Income Students Income Students Participating in Participation inSchool District School Breakfast12 School Breakfast Rank

Kent County 74% A+ 1

Somerset County 71% A+ 2

Caroline County 69% A+ 3

Dorchester County 61% A- 4

Garrett County 61% A- 5

Washington County 57% B 6

Charles County 57% B 7

Prince George’s County 51% B- 8

Allegany County 50% B- 9

Cecil County 50% B- 10

Anne Arundel County 50% B- 11

Talbot County 50% B- 12

St. Mary’s County 49% C+ 13

Harford County 49% C+ 14

Wicomico County 47% C 15

Baltimore County 46% C 16

Montgomery County 45% C 17

Worcester County 43% C- 18

Baltimore City 42% C- 19

Frederick County 37% Time to Act 20

Queen Anne’s County 35% Time to Act 21

Howard County 34% Time to Act 22

Carroll County 33% Time to Act 23

Calvert County 21% Time to Act 24

State of Maryland 47% C n/a


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Table 3.

Maryland Meals for Achievement (MMFA) Grades

Percent of MMFA- Schools Eligible Schools Eligible With Participating in MMFASchool District Schools MMFA MMFA Grade

Anne Arundel County 49 49 100% A+

Caroline County 11 11 100% A+

Carroll County 5 5 100% A+

Queen Anne’s County 3 3 100% A+

St. Mary’s County 9 9 100% A+

Somerset County 5 5 100% A+

Garrett County 10 9 90% A

Washington County 30 27 90% A

Harford County 17 15 88% A-

Montgomery County 89 78 88% A-

Kent County 7 6 86% A-

Charles County 17 14 82% B+

Dorchester County 11 9 82% B+

Talbot County 5 4 80% B+

Worcester County 8 6 75% B

Howard County 19 14 74% B

Cecil County 19 13 68% B-

Frederick County 19 12 63% B-

Baltimore County 108 65 60% B-

Prince George’s County 166 92 55% C+

Allegany County 22 11 50% C+

Wicomico County 25 10 40% C

Calvert County 3 0 0% Time to Act

Non-Public Schools 62 4 6% n/a

Baltimore City 173 0 0% n/a

State of Maryland 896 461 51% C+


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Table 4.

Community Eligibility Provision (CEP) Grades

Percentage of CEP- Schools Eligible Schools Eligible With That Participate CEPSchool District Schools CEP in CEP Grade

* Kent, Dorchester, Allegany, and Wicomico public school systems are eligible for CEP districtwide. These public school systems could implement CEP by grouping every school in the district. Including all of the schools in these districts, there are 385 CEP-eligible schools in Maryland.

Baltimore City 181 181 100% A+Somerset County 9 9 100% A+Howard County 2 2 100% A+SEED School of MD 1 1 100% A+Washington County 13 11 85% AFrederick County 5 3 60% B+Garrett County 3 1 33% C+Prince George’s County 32 9 28% CMontgomery County 10 2 20% CWicomico County* 15* 3 20%* CBaltimore County 30 4 13% C-Cecil County 9 1 11% C-Non-Public Schools 9 1 11% C-Allegany County* 15* 0 0% Time to ActAnne Arundel County 13 0 0% Time to ActDorchester County* 8* 0 0% Time to ActHarford County 6 0 0% Time to ActKent County* 3* 0 0% Time to ActSt. Mary’s County 4 0 0% Time to ActWorcester County 3 0 0% Time to ActCharles County 3 0 0% Time to ActCarroll County 2 0 0% Time to ActCaroline County 2 0 0% Time to ActCalvert County 0 0 n/a n/aQueen Anne’s County 0 0 n/a n/aTalbot County 0 0 n/a n/a

State of Maryland 357* 229 64% B+


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The three key recommendations to increase access to the School Breakfast Program are:

1 Offer breakfast after the bell,

2 Participate in Maryland Meals for Achievement, and

3 Elect the Community Eligibility Provision.

Additional suggestions for schools and school districts to improve access to the School Breakfast Program are listed below.

n Ensure that students are afforded sufficient time to eat breakfast.

n Arrange bus schedules so that buses arrive in time for students to eat breakfast.

n Provide breakfast every school day — including delayed openings.

n Serve hot breakfast items, which students tend to prefer.

n Share information with families and staff about the new school breakfast nutrition standards. The federal regulations include the following requirements for every breakfast meal served:

one cup of fruit;

whole grains;

one cup of milk;

less than 10 percent of saturated fat;

less than 500 milligrams of sodium; and

no trans fat.

n Share information with families and staff about the positive health impacts associated with school breakfast. School Breakfast Programs receive the highest rating in Robert Wood Johnson’s “What Works for Health” database because they are scientifically supported and evidence-based. The School Breakfast Program improves cognitive function, academic achievement, and healthy food consumption; as a result, is it likely to

Conclusion


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decrease health disparities. The Food Research & Action Center’s “Breakfast for Health” is another good resource to share that provides a summary of the research concerning school breakfast and health.

n Share information with families and staff about the improved learning outcomes associated with school breakfast. The Food Research & Action Center’s “Breakfast for Learning” provides a summary of this research.

n Enact a strong policy for unpaid meal fees, which includes the following elements:

● Food should never be taken away or denied from a student who needs it.

● Food should never be used as a punishment.

● Students should never be singled out, overtly identified, or stigmatized for having a balance on their school meal account.

● Students with unpaid meal balances should receive the same reimbursable meal as other students.

● When a balance accrues, parents/guardians are to be contacted via several avenues, including telephone, email, and letters mailed home.

Parents/guardians are to be offered an opportunity to re-apply for free and reduced-price school meals because income and family composition may have changed.

Parents/guardians with unpaid meal balances are referred to the school social worker (or similar staff members) for assistance.

● To reduce or eliminate unpaid school meal balances, eligible schools will enroll in Maryland Meals for Achievement and the Community Eligibility Provision.

n If greater than 80 percent of your student body qualifies for free and reduced-price meals, your school is eligible to use Provision 1 to allow free school meal-eligible students to be certified for a two-year period, instead of the usual annual certification period. Contact your district’s Food and Nutrition Department to enroll in Provision 1.


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SCHOOL BREAKFAST REPORT CARD2015–2016 School Year

State of MarylandThis report card measures Maryland’s progress in ensuring that all of the nearly 400,000 low-income students in the state have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Maryland, less than half – 47 percent – of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.

Three public school systems, Kent, Somerset, and Caroline counties, with 69–74 percent of low-income students eating school breakfast, are commended for their exceptional efforts.

Unfortunately, less than 40 percent of low-income students in the following public school systems participate in school breakfast: Calvert, Carroll, Howard, Queen Anne’s, and Frederick counties.

Maryland Meals for AchievementAll students have access to a healthy breakfast in 461 Maryland Meals for Achievement-funded schools. However, insufficient funding limits the number of schools that can participate, which is why just over half of the 896 eligible schools currently benefit from this successful state-funded classroom breakfast program.

Several public school systems are fully leveraging this valuable resource, including Anne Arundel, Caroline, Carroll, Queen Anne’s, St. Mary’s, and Somerset counties. Unfortunately, students in Calvert County do not yet benefit at all, despite there being three eligible schools.

Community Eligibility ProvisionSchools can increase participation in both the School Breakfast Program and the National School Lunch Program by electing the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools.

There are 229 Hunger-Free Schools in Maryland, including all Baltimore City Public Schools and all Somerset County Public Schools. However, more than 100 Maryland schools are eligible, but not yet enrolled, including schools in Allegany, Kent, and Dorchester public school systems. (See Appendix C for a complete list of eligible schools.)

C

C+

B+


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This report card measures Allegany County’s progress in ensuring that all of the nearly 5,000 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Allegany County, just 50 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.

The following schools are commended because at least 70 percent of low-income students participate in school breakfast:

• Flintstone Elementary;• Westmar Middle;• Cash Valley Elementary;• Beall Elementary;• South Penn Elementary;• Westernport Elementary;• George’s Creek Elementary;• Northeast Elementary; and• Cresaptown Elementary.

Unfortunately, less than 20 percent of low-income students in the following schools participate in school breakfast:

• Fort Hill High;• Mountain Ridge High; and• Allegany High.

Maryland Meals for AchievementJust 50 percent, or 11 out of 22 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

The following schools are eligible, but not participating in Maryland Meals for Achievement:

B-

C+


Allegany County

• Allegany High;• Bel Air Elementary;• Braddock Middle;• Eckhart Alternative Program;• Fort Hill High;• John Humbird Elementary;

• Mount Savage Elementary;• Mount Savage Middle;• Parkside School;• Transition Program at

Cumberland; and • West Side Elementary.


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Community Eligibility ProvisionSchools can increase participation in both school breakfast and school lunch by electing the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools.

Although the folowing 15 schools are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, there are not yet any schools in Allegany County that benefit from this option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

The following schools are eligible, but not participating in community eligibility:

Timeto Act

• Beall Elementary;• Cash Valley;• Cresaptown Elementary;• Eckhart Alternative Program;• George’s Creek Elementary;• John Humbird Elementary;• Mount Savage Elementary;• Northeast Elementary;

• Parkside School;• South Penn Elementary;• Transition Program at

Cumberland;• Washington Middle;• West Side Elementary;• Westernport Elementary; and• Westmar Middle.

In addition to these 15 schools that are individually eligible, Allegany County is one of six school districts in Maryland that are eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision districtwide for all 24 schools.


Allegany County


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This report card measures Anne Arundel County’s progress in ensuring that all of the nearly 27,000 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Anne Arundel County, just 50 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.

The following schools are commended because at least 70 percent of low-income students participate in school breakfast: B-

• Shipley’s Choice Elementary;• Crofton Woods Elementary;• South River Senior High School;• Severna Park Senior High;• Piney Orchard Elementary;• Benfield Elementary;• Central Middle;• West Meade Early Education

Center;• Arnold Elementary;• Millersville Elementary;• Chesapeake Senior High;• Folger McKinsey Elementary;• Crofton Elementary;• Belvedere Elementary;• Fort Smallwood Elementary;• Pasadena Elementary;• Oak Hill Elementary;

• Quarterfield Elementary;• Bodkin Elementary;• Ridgeway Elementary;• Sunset Elementary;• Crofton Middle;• Broadneck Senior High;• Deale Elementary;• George Fox Middle;• Central Elementary;• Four Seasons Elementary;• Arundel Senior High;• Severn River Middle;• Magothy River Middle;• Southern Middle;• Davidsonville Elementary;• Shady Side Elementary; and• Chesapeake Bay Middle.

• Lindale Middle;• Mary Moss at J. Albert Adams

Academy;• Hilltop Elementary;• Georgetown East Elementary;• Tyler Heights Elementary;• Meade Heights Elementary;• Marley Glen School;• Old Mill Middle North;• Jessup Elementary;

• Brooklyn Park Middle;• Annapolis Elementary;• Van Bokkelen Elementary;• Brock Bridge Elementary;• Mills Parole Elementary;• Overlook Elementary;• Hebron Harman Elementary;• Belle Grove Elementary; and• Maryland City Elementary.



Anne Arundel County


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Maryland Meals for AchievementWell done! All 49 of the eligible schools in Anne Arundel County benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

In the 2016–2017 school year, Mary Moss at J. Albert Adams Academy joined the program and Quarterfield Elementary applied, but was denied due to insufficient funding.


Although the following 13 schools with nearly 5,000 students are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, there are not yet any schools in Anne Arundel County that benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools:

• Annapolis Elementary;• Belle Grove Elementary;• Eastport Elementary;• Ferndale Early Education Center;• Freetown Elementary;• Georgetown East Elementary;• Hilltop Elementary;• Mary Moss at J. Albert Adams Academy;• Mills Parole Elementary;• Park Elementary;• Phoenix Academy;• Tyler Heights Elementary; and• Van Bokkelen Elementary.

A+

Timeto Act


Anne Arundel County


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This report card measures Baltimore City’s progress in ensuring that all low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Baltimore City, just 42 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


C-

• Independence School Local 1;• Baltimore Community School;• Excel Academy at Francis M. Woods;• Vivien T. Thomas Medical Arts;• Achievement Academy at Harbor

City High School;• Coppin Academy;• Acce Academy;• Edmondson/Westside Senior High;• Frederick Douglass High;• Carver Vocational Tech High;

• Digital Harbor High;• Maritime Academy;• Benjamin Franklin High;• Mergenthaler Vocational Tech

High;• Renaissance Academy;• Mount Royal Elementary Middle;• Bluford Drew Jemison Stem

Academy;• Reginald F. Lewis High;• Patterson High;

• Baltimore Montessori Public Charter Elementary and Middle;

• Woodhome Elementary Middle;• G. W. F. McMechen Middle High;• Claremont School;• Cross Country Elementary;• Baltimore Collegiate School for

Boys;• Lois T. Murray Elementary;• KIPP Baltimore;• Creative City Public Charter;• Maree Garnett Farring Elementary;• Stadium School;• Moravia Park Primary;• Northwood Elementary;• New Hope Academy;• Callaway Elementary;• Belmont Elementary;• Arundel Elementary;

• Glenmount Elementary Middle;• Monarch Academy Public Charter;• Lillie May Carroll Jackson School;• James Mosher Elementary;• George Washington Elementary;• Sharp Leadenhall Elementary;• Frederick Elementary;• Waverly Elementary;• Walter P. Carter Elementary;• Commodore John Rogers;• Afya Public Charter School;• Holabird Elementary;• Highlandtown Elementary;• Cecil Elementary;• Tunbridge Elementary;• Gwynns Falls Elementary;• City Neighbors Charter; and• William Paca Elementary.



Baltimore City


31

• Kasa Middle High;• Baltimore City College High;• National Academy Foundation;• Dr. Nathan A. Pitts Ashburton;• Hamilton Elementary Middle;

• John Ruhrah Elementary;• Violetville Elementary Middle;• Baltimore Design School; and• Augusta Fells Savage.

Maryland Meals for AchievementBaltimore City Public Schools are not currently participating in the Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. However, all Baltimore City Schools offer access to breakfast and lunch at no cost, through the Community Eligibility Provision, and plan to offer breakfast after the bell to all students at no charge in all schools by 2018.

Community Eligibility ProvisionBaltimore City is praised for districtwide participation in the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools. As a result, all Baltimore City Schools are Hunger-Free Schools.

Under the Community Eligibility Provision, Baltimore City Schools no longer needs to collects Meal Benefit Applications, or “FARMs forms,” which has resulted in significant administrative savings. In addition, Baltimore City Schools are serving many more school meals per day. For example, 10,000 additional school lunches are being served every day, a 21 percent increase.

n/a

A+


Baltimore City


32

This report card measures Baltimore County’s progress in ensuring that all of the more than 52,000 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Baltimore County, just 46 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• Randallstown Elementary;• Woodmoor Elementary;• Winfield Elementary;• Deep Creek Middle;• Scotts Branch Elementary;• Sandalwood Elementary;• Bedford Elementary;• Logan Elementary;• Crossroads Center;• Featherbed Lane Elementary;• Victory Villa Elementary;• Milbrook Elementary;

• Sandy Plains Elementary;• Martin Boulevard Elementary;• Stemmers Run Middle;• Mars Estates Elementary;• Hernwood Elementary;• Deep Creek Elementary;• Riverview Elementary;• Seneca Elementary;• Powhatan Elementary;• Johnnycake Elementary;• Glyndon Elementary; and• Glenmar Elementary.

C


• Jacksonville Elementary;• Hereford Middle;• Sparks Elementary;• New Town High;• Sparrows Point High;• Riderwood Elementary;• Oliver Beach Elementary;• Hereford High;• Seven Oaks Elementary;

• Franklin High;• Dulaney High;• Milford Mill Academy;• Patapsco School and Center for the Arts;• Rodgers Forge Elementary;• Grange Elementary;• Lutherville Lab; and• Catonsville High.


Baltimore County

Maryland Meals for AchievementJust 60 percent, or 65 out of 108 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. B-


33

Community Eligibility ProvisionSchools can increase participation in both school breakfast and school lunch by electing the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools. The following four schools in Baltimore County currently benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools: Dundalk High, Dundalk Middle, Hawthorne Elementary, and Riverview Elementary. The following 30 schools are individually eligible but not participating in the Community Eligibility Provision:

C-

• Arbutus Elementary;• Arbutus Middle;• Carney Elementary;• Catonsville Center for Alternative

Studies;• Cedarmere Elementary;• Chesapeake High;• Chesapeake Terrace Elementary;• Deer Park Middle Magnet;• Dundalk Middle;• Edgemere Elementary;• Essex Elementary;• Franklin Middle;• Glyndon Elementary;**• Grange Elementary;**• Harford Hills Elementary;• Kenwood High;• Lansdowne High;• Meadowood Education Center;• Middleborough Elementary;• Milford Mill Academy;• New Town High;

• Oakleigh Elementary;• Old Court Middle;• Orems Elementary;• Overlea High;• Owings Mills High;• Parkville High;• Patapsco School and Center for the Arts;• Pikesville Middle;• Pot Spring Elementary;• Randallstown High;• Red House Run Elementary;**• Reisterstown Elementary;**• Scholars K8;• Sparrows Point Middle;• Timber Grove Elementary;• Warren Elementary;• Westowne Elementary;• Winand Elementary;• Woodbridge Elementary;• Woodholme Elementary; and• Woodlawn High.

Maryland Meals for Achievement — Schools That are Eligible, but not Participating

• Baltimore Highlands Elementary;• Battle Grove Elementary;• Bear Creek Elementary;• Berkshire Elementary;• Charlesmont Elementary;• Colgate Elementary;• Crossroads Center;• Deep Creek Elementary;• Deep Creek Middle;• Dundalk Elementary;• General John Stricker Middle;• Halethorpe Elementary;• Halstead Academy;

• Holabird Middle;• Lansdowne Elementary;• Lansdowne Middle;• Logan Elementary;• Mars Estates Elementary;• Martin Boulevard Elementary;• Middlesex Elementary;• Norwood Elementary;• Rosedale Center;• Sandalwood Elementary;• Sandy Plains Elementary;• Scotts Branch Elementary; and• Sussex Elementary.


Baltimore County


34

This report card measures Calvert County’s progress in ensuring that all of the more than 3,700 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Calvert County, just 21 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast — the lowest participation rate in the state.

Regrettably, none of the 23 schools in Calvert County has a school breakfast participation rate among low-income students of at least 70 percent.


• Northern High;• Plum Point Middle;• Northern Middle;• Mill Creek Middle;• Mount Harmony Elementary;• Huntingtown High;• Calvert Middle;

• Calvert High;• Mutual Elementary;• Southern Middle;• Beach Elementary;• Huntingtown Elementary;• Windy Hill Elementary; and • Sunderland Elementary.

Timeto Act

Maryland Meals for AchievementCalvert County is the only public school system in the state that does not benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

Patuxent Appeal Elementary, St. Leonard Elementary, and Mill Creek Middle are all eligible, but not enrolled.

Timeto Act

Community Eligibility ProvisionCalvert County does not have any schools that meet the eligibility criteria for participation in the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools.

n/a


Calvert County


35

This report card measures Caroline County’s progress in ensuring that all of the nearly 3,300 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Caroline County, 69 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.

Congratulations for achieving the third-best low-income student participation in breakfast in the state!


• Ridgely Elementary;• Greensboro Elementary;• Federalsburg Elementary; and• Preston Elementary.

A+

Maryland Meals for AchievementAll 11 eligible schools benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. A+Community Eligibility ProvisionSchools can increase participation in both school breakfast and school lunch by electing the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools.

Although both Greensboro Elementary and Federalsburg Elementary are both individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, there are not yet any schools in Caroline County that benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

Timeto Act


Caroline County


36

This report card measures Carroll County’s progress in ensuring that all of the more than 5,000 low-income students there have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Carroll County, just 33 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• Robert Moton Elementary;• Elmer A. Wolfe Elementary; and• Taneytown Elementary.


• Carroll County Career and Technology Center;

• Liberty High;• Manchester Valley High;• Mount Airy Middle;

• Westminster High;• Sykesville Middle;• Shiloh Middle;• Century High; and• Oklahoma Road Middle.

Timeto Act

Maryland Meals for AchievementAll five eligible schools benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. A+Community Eligibility ProvisionSchools can increase participation in both school breakfast and school lunch by electing the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools.

Although both Taneytown Elementary and Crossroads Middle are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, there are not yet any schools in Carroll County that benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

Timeto Act


Carroll County


37

This report card measures Cecil County’s progress in ensuring that all of the more than 7,000 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Cecil County, just 50 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• Thomson Estates Elementary;• Cecil Manor Elementary;• Cecilton Elementary; and• Leeds Elementary.

Unfortunately, less than 20 percent of low-income students at Rising Sun High participate in school breakfast.

B-



B-


Cecil County

• Cap The Providence School;• Cherry Hill Middle;• High Road School of Cecil County;• Perryville Middle; and• School of Technology.

Note: Leeds Elementary was not participating in the 2015–2016 school year and joined the program in the 2016–2017 school year.


38


Cecil County


Although the following nine schools are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, Cap the Providence School is the only school in Cecil County that currently benefits from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

C-

• Bainbridge Elementary;• Bay View Elementary;• Charlestown Elementary;• Elkton Middle;• Gilpin Manor Elementary;• Holly Hall Elementary;• North East Elementary; and• Thomson Estates Elementary.


39

This report card measures Charles County’s progress in ensuring that all of the more than 9,500 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Charles County, 57 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


Charles County is applauded for not having any schools that fall below the threshold of serving breakfast to less than 30 percent of low-income students.

• Mount Hope/Nanjemoy Elementary;

• Indian Head Elementary;• Arthur Middleton Elementary;• J. P. Ryon Elementary;• C. Paul Barnhart Elementary;

• Dr. Samuel A. Mudd Elementary;• F. B. Gwynn Educational Center;• Dr. Gustavus Brown Elementary;

and• J. C. Parks Elementary.

B

Maryland Meals for AchievementIn Charles County, 82 percent, or 14 out of 17 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

The following schools are eligible, but not participating in Maryland Meals for Achievement: Lackey High, Robert D. Stethem Educational Center, and Thomas Stone High.

B+


Although three schools are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision (Dr. Samuel A. Mudd Elementary, Eva Turner Elementary, and Indian Head Elementary), there are not yet any schools in Charles County that benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

Timeto Act


Charles County


40

This report card measures Dorchester County’s progress in ensuring that all of the 3,200 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Dorchester County, 61 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• New Directions Learning Academy;• Choptank Elementary;• Maple Elementary;

• Vienna Elementary;• Hurlock Elementary; and• North Dorchester Middle.

Unfortunately, less than 20 percent of low-income students at North Dorchester High participate in school breakfast.

A-

Maryland Meals for AchievementIn Dorchester County, 82 percent, or nine out of 11 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

The following schools are eligible, but not participating in Maryland Meals for Achievement: Cambridge-South Dorchester High and North Dorchester High.

B+


Dorchester County

Notes: South Dorchester School was eligible, but did not participate in the 2015–2016 school year. However this school is now participating, beginning in the 2016–2017 school year. Both New Directions Learning Academy and Warwick Elementary participated in the 2015–2016 school year, but not in the 2016–2017 school year.


41

In addition to these eight schools that are individually eligible for the Community Eligibility Provision, Dorchester County is one of six school districts in Maryland that are eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision districtwide for all 12 schools.

• Cambridge-South Dorchester High;• Choptank Elementary;• Hurlock Elementary;• Maces Lane Middle;

• Maple Elementary;• New Directions Learning Academy;• Sandy Hill Elementary; and• Vienna Elementary.


Dorchester County


Although the following eight schools are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, there are not yet any schools in Dorchester County that benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

Timeto Act


42

This report card measures Frederick County’s progress in ensuring that all of the nearly 11,000 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Frederick County, just 37 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.

In the 2015–2016 school year, there was not a single school in Frederick County where at least 70 percent of low-income students participated in school breakfast.


Timeto Act

• Urbana Middle;• Middletown Middle;• Rock Creek School;• Deer Crossing Elementary;• New Market Middle;• Middletown High;• Catoctin High;• New Market Elementary;• Windsor Knolls Middle;• Urbana High;• Centerville Elementary;• Success Program;• Linganore High;• Green Valley Elementary;

• Wolfsville Elementary;• Brunswick High;• Oakdale Middle;• Monocacy Valley;• Middletown Primary;• Frederick Classical Charter;• Carroll Manor Elementary;• Thurmont Middle;• Myersville Elementary;• Yellow Springs Elementary;• Kemptown Elementary;• Oakdale Elementary; and• Brunswick Middle.



B-


Frederick County

• Emmitsburg School;• Frederick High;• Monocacy Middle;**• Orchard Grove Elementary;**

• Rock Creek School;• Sabillasville Elementary; and• Success Program.

Note: Thurmont Primary was eligible, but did not participate in the 2015–2016 school year. This school is now participating, beginning in the 2016–2017 school year.

**Funding was requested, but denied, for these schools to participate in the 2016–2017 school year.


43


Frederick County


Three out of the five individually eligible schools in Frederick County have elected the Community Eligibility Provision and are now Hunger-Free Schools: Heather Ridge Middle, Heather Ridge High, and Waverly Elementary.

Both Lincoln Elementary and Hillcrest Elementary are eligible, but not enrolled in community eligibility.

Please note that Waverley Elementary did not participate in the 2015–2016 school year, however is a Hunger-Free School beginning in the 2016–2017 school year.

B+


44

This report card measures Garrett County’s progress in ensuring that all of the nearly 2,000 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Garrett County, 61 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• Crellin Elementary;• Friendsville Elementary;• Grantsville Elementary;• Accident Elementary;

• Northern Middle;• Broad Ford Elementary; and• Yough Glades Elementary.

Unfortunately, less than 20 percent of low-income students in both Northern Garrett County High and Southern Garrett County High participate in school breakfast.

A-

Maryland Meals for AchievementNearly all, or nine out of 10 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

The only school that is eligible to enroll in Maryland Meals for Achievement, but is not participating, is Dennett Road.

A


Although three schools are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, only Dennett Road currently benefits from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools. Both Friendsville Elementary and Yough Glades Elementary are eligible, but not enrolled.

C+


Garrett County


45

This report card measures Harford County’s progress in ensuring that all of the nearly 11,600 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Harford County, just 49 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• Youth’s Benefit;• Forest Hill Elementary;• Fallston Middle;• Bel Air High;• Fallston High;

• Southampton Middle;• Patterson Mill Middle; • Bel Air Middle;• Bel Air Elementary; and• Patterson Mill High.

• William Paca/Old Post Road;• Magnolia Elementary;• Hall’s Cross Roads Elementary;• Deerfield Elementary;

• Edgewood Elementary;• Havre de Grace Elementary; and• Roye-Williams Elementary.


C+

Maryland Meals for AchievementIn Harford County, 88 percent, or 15 out of 17 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

A-


Harford County


• Aberdeen High;• Center for Educational Opportunity;

• Edgewood High; and• Joppatowne High.

Note: Both Roye-Williams Elementary and Havre de Grace Middle were participating in the 2015–2016 school year, but are not participating in the 2016–2017 school year due to no longer meeting the program’s eligibility requirements.


46

• Center for Educational Opportunity;• Edgewood Elementary;• George D. Lisby Elementary at

Hillsdale;

• Halls Cross Roads Elementary;• Magnolia Elementary; and• William Paca/Old Post Road.


Harford CountyCommunity Eligibility ProvisionSchools can increase participation in both school breakfast and school lunch by electing the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools.

Although the following six schools are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, there are not yet any schools in Harford County that benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

Timeto Act


47

This report card measures Howard County’s progress in ensuring that all of the nearly 11,500 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

• Mount View Middle;• Glenwood Middle;• Dayton Oaks Elementary;• Dunloggin Middle;• Lime Kiln Middle;• Bushy Park Elementary;• Northfield Elementary;• Ilchester Elementary;• Waverly Elementary;• Howard High;• Glenelg High;• Marriotts Ridge High;• Mount Hebron High;• Hollifield Station Elementary;• St. Johns Lane Elementary;• Atholton High;• Burleigh Manor Middle;• Triadelphia Ridge Elementary;• Lisbon Elementary;

• Centennial Lane Elementary;• West Friendship Elementary;• Mayfield Woods Middle;• Clemens Crossing Elementary;• Reservoir High;• Hammond Middle;• Centennial High;• Patuxent Valley Middle;• Folly Quarter Middle;• Bellows Spring Elementary;• Long Reach High;• Manor Woods Elementary;• River Hill High;• Rockburn Elementary;• Murray Hill Middle;• Ellicott Mills Middle;• Pointers Run Elementary;• Deep Run Elementary; and• Fulton Elementary.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Howard County, just 34 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• Cradlerock Elementary;• Homewood School;• Oakland Mills Middle;

• Laurel Woods Elementary; and• Swansfield Elementary.


Maryland Meals for AchievementIn Howard County, 74 percent, or 14 out of 19 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

B


Howard County

Timeto Act


48


Both of the eligible schools in Howard County, the Homewood School, and Bryant Woods Elementary School, have elected the Community Eligibility Provision and are Hunger-Free Schools.

A+


• Deep Run Elementary;**• Oakland Mills High; and• Thomas Viaduct Middle.**

**Funding was requested, but denied, for these schools in the 2016–2017 school year.

Note: Harpers Choice Middle and Wilde Lake Middle did not participate in the 2015–2016 school year, but are participating in the 2016–2017 school year.


Howard County


49

This report card measures Kent County’s progress in ensuring that all of the 1,120 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationWell done, Kent County! An impressive 74 percent of all low-income students in Kent County participate in school breakfast!

Kent County leads the state in ensuring that their low-income students have access to school breakfast.


In every school in Kent County, no less than 20 percent of low-income students participate in school breakfast.

• Rock Hall Elementary;• Worton Elementary;• Galena Elementary;

• Kent County Middle;• H. H. Garnett Elementary; and• Millington Elementary.

A+

Maryland Meals for AchievementIn Kent County, six out of seven eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. Kent County High is eligible, but not participating.

A-Community Eligibility ProvisionSchools can increase participation in both school breakfast and school lunch by electing the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools.

Although the following three schools are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, there are not yet any schools in Kent County that benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools:

• H. H. Garnett Elementary; • Rock Hall Elementary; and • Worton Elementary.

In addition to these three schools that are individually eligible, Kent County is one of six school districts in Maryland that are eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision districtwide for all seven schools.

Timeto Act


Kent County


50

This report card measures Montgomery County’s progress in ensuring that all of the 54,600 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Montgomery County, just 45 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


C• Bradley Hills Elementary;• John F. Kennedy High;• Albert Einstein High;• Cresthaven Elementary;• Burtonsville Elementary;• Benjamin Banneker Middle;• Brookhaven Elementary;

• Galway Elementary;• Sequoyah Elementary;• Oak View Elementary;• Strathmore Elementary;• Goshen Elementary;• East Silver Spring Elementary; and• Kemp Mill Elementary.


• Wood Acres Elementary;• Thomas W. Pyle Middle;• Robert Frost Middle;• Wyngate Elementary;• Lakewood Elementary;• North Bethesda Middle;• Walter Johnson High;• Poolesville High;• Rocky Hill Middle;• John T. Baker Middle;• Tilden Middle;• Luxmanor Elementary;• Poolesville Elementary;• Diamond Elementary;• Somerset Elementary;

• Cloverly Elementary;• Earle B. Wood Middle;• John H. Poole Middle;• Kensington-Parkwood Elementary;• Montgomery Blair High;• Cabin John Middle;• Ridgeview Middle;• Thomas S. Wootton High;• Julius West Middle;• Belmont Elementary;• W. H. Farquhar Middle;• Greenwood Elementary;• Fields Road Elementary; and• Walt Whitman High.

Maryland Meals for AchievementIn Montgomery County 88 percent, or 78 out of 89 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

A-


Montgomery County


51


Two of the 10 eligible schools, Georgian Forest Elementary and Watkins Mill Elementary, have elected the Community Eligibility Provision and are Hunger-Free Schools.

C

• Blair G. Ewing Center;• Broad Acres Elementary;• Foundation School of Montgomery

County;• Gaithersburg Elementary;

• Kemp Mill Elementary;• New Hampshire Estates Elementary;• Rolling Terrace Elementary;• South Lake Elementary; and• Summit Hall Elementary.


• Blair G. Ewing Center;• Fields Road Elementary;**• Foundation School of Montgomery

County;• Fox Chapel Elementary;• Gaithersburg High;• Highland View Elementary;**

• Northwood High;• Regional Institute for Children &

Adolescents;• Shady Grove Middle;• Springbrook High;• Watkins Mill High; and• Wheaton High.




Montgomery County


52

This report card measures Prince George’s County’s progress in ensuring that all of the nearly 81,300 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Prince George’s County, 51 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


B-• Deerfield Run Elementary;• Excel Academy;• Bowie High;• Samuel Ogle Middle;• Dr. Henry A. Wise, Junior High;• Hyattsville Elementary;• Charles Herbert Flowers High;• Fairmont Heights High;• Gwynn Park Middle;• Crossland High;• Lamont Elementary;• Laurel High;• Suitland High;• Duval High;• Imagine Joint Base Andrews Public

Charter;• Oxon Hill High;• Gwynn Park High;

• Glenn Dale Elementary;• Largo High;• Melwood Elementary;• Imagine Foundations at

Morningside Public Charter;• Kenilworth Elementary;• Academy of Health Sciences at

Prince George’s;• Ernest Everett Just Middle;• Bladensburg High;• Rockledge Elementary;• Edward M. Felegy Elementary;• Parkdale High;• Central High;• Buck Lodge Middle;• Benjamin Tasker Middle;• Friendly High; and• Drew Freeman Middle.

Maryland Meals for AchievementJust 55 percent, or 92 out of 166 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. However, Prince George’s County does use other sources of funding that provides increased access to school breakfast.

C+


Prince George’s County


53


Nine out of 32 eligible schools in Prince George’s County currently benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.


C

• Alternative High;• Barnaby Manor Elementary;• Bradbury Heights Elementary;• Columbia Park Elementary;• Concord Elementary;• Cora L. Rice Elementary;• Doswell E. Brooks Elementary;• G. James Ghoulson Middle;• Glassmanor Elementary;• Green Valley Instructional;• H. W. Wheatly Early Childhood

Center;

• Highland Park Elementary;• J. Frank Dent Elementary;• Kenmoor Early Childhood Center;• Kettering Elementary;• Longfields Elementary;• Panorama Elementary;• Princeton Elementary;• Robert R. Gray Elementary;• Samuel Chase Elementary;• Samuel P. Massie Elementary;• Tall Oaks High; and• William Beanes Elementary.


Prince George’s County


54

This report card measures Queen Anne’s County’s progress in ensuring that all of the 2,039 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Queen Anne’s County, just 35 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.

Sudlersville Elementary is commended because at least 70 percent of low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• Centreville Middle, • Matapeake Middle, and • Kent Island High.

Timeto Act

Maryland Meals for AchievementAll three of the eligible schools in Queen Anne’s County benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. A+Community Eligibility ProvisionQueen Anne’s County does not currently have any schools that meet the eligibility criteria for participation in the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools.

n/a


Queen Anne’s County


55

This report card measures Somerset County’s progress in ensuring that all of the low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Somerset County, an outstanding 71 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast!


• Carter G. Woodson Elementary;• Deal Island School;• Ewell Elementary;• Greenwood Elementary;• Intermediate School;

• J. M. Tawes Technology & Career Center;

• Princess Anne Elementary; and• Somerset Promise Academy.

A+

Maryland Meals for AchievementAll five of the eligible schools in Somerset County benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. A+Community Eligibility ProvisionSomerset County is praised for districtwide participation in the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to free breakfast and lunch for all students in high-poverty schools. As a result, all Somerset County Public Schools are Hunger-Free Schools.

A+


Somerset County

Congratulations to

Somerset County Public Schools for earning straight A’s on their School Breakfast Report Card!


56

This report card measures St. Mary’s County’s progress in ensuring that all of the 5,822 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn St. Mary’s County, just 49 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


Unfortunately, less than 20 percent of low-income students at Chopticon Senior High and Margaret Brent Middle participate in school breakfast.

• Dynard Elementary;• Park Hall Elementary;• Lexington Park Elementary;

• George Washington Carver Elementary; and

• Ridge Elementary.

C+

Maryland Meals for AchievementAll nine of the eligible schools in St. Mary’s County benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. A+


St. Mary’s County

Notes: Dynard Elementary participated in the 2015–2016 school year, but not in the 2016–2017 school year. Greenview Knolls Elementary did not participate in the 2015–2016 school year, but joined the program in the 2016–2017 school year.

• Fairlead Academy I;• George Washington Carver Elementary;• Lexington Park Elementary; and• Park Hall Elementary


Although the following four schools are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, there are not yet any schools in St. Mary’s County that benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

Timeto Act


57

This report card measures Talbot County’s progress in ensuring that all of the more than 2,000 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Talbot County, just 50 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• White Marsh Elementary;• Tilghman Elementary; and• Easton Elementary.

Unfortunately, less than 20 percent of low-income students in St. Michael’s Middle/High School participate in school breakfast.

B-

Maryland Meals for AchievementFour out of the five eligible schools in Talbot County benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. Although St. Michael’s Elementary did not participate in Maryland Meals for Achievement during the 2015-2016 school year, this school joined the program in the 2016-2017 school year.

B+

Community Eligibility ProvisionTalbot County does not currently have any schools that meet the eligibility criteria for participation in the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools.

n/a


Talbot County


58

This report card measures Washington County’s progress in ensuring that all of the more than 11,000 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Washington County, 57 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• Funkstown Elementary;• Eastern Elementary;• Washington County Family Center;• Salem Avenue Elementary;• Marshall Street Education Center;• Ruth Ann Monroe Primary;• Hickory Elementary;

• Lincolnshire Elementary;• Washington County Job

Development Center;• Fountaindale Elementary;• Maugansville Elementary;• Pangborn Elementary; and• Conococheague Elementary.

Unfortunately, less than 20 percent of low-income students in Clear Spring Middle School participate in school breakfast.

B

Maryland Meals for AchievementIn Washington County, 90 percent, or 27 out of 30 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

A


Washington County


• Fairview Outdoor Education Center;• Marshall Street Education Center; and• Sharpsburg Elementary.**

**Funding was requested, but denied, for Sharpsburg Elementary School to participate in the 2016–2017 school year.

Notes: The following schools participated in the 2015–2016 school year, but not in the 2016–2017 school year: Antietam Academy, Conococheague Elementary, and Winter Street Elementary. In addition, Northern Middle was new to the program in the 2015–2016 school year.


59


Washington County


Eleven out of 13 eligible schools in Washington County currently benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

A

The following three schools are eligible, but not participating in community eligibility:

• Pangborn Elementary;• South Hagerstown High; and• Western Heights Middle.


60

This report card measures Wicomico County’s progress in ensuring that all of the more than 9,000 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Wicomico County, just 47 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• Parkside High;• Pittsville School;

• James M. Bennett High; and• Wicomico High.

• Beaver Run Elementary;• Glen Avenue Elementary;• Wicomico Early Learning Center;• Charles H. Chipman Elementary;

• West Salisbury Elementary;• East Salisbury Elementary;• Pinehurst Elementary; and• Prince Street Elementary.


C

Maryland Meals for AchievementJust 40 percent, or 10 out of 25 eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program. C


Wicomico County


• Bennett Middle;• Delmar Elementary;• East Salisbury Elementary;• Fruitland Intermediate;**• Fruitland Primary;**• James M. Bennett High;• Northwestern Elementary;• Parkside High;

• Pittsville School;• Salisbury Middle School;• Westside Intermediate;• Westside Primary;• Wicomico Alternative Center;• Wicomico High; and• Wicomico Middle.


Notes: West Salisbury Elementary participated in the 2015–2016 school year, but not in the 2016–2017 school year. Westside Intermediate joined the program in the 2016–2017 school year.


61

In addition to the 15 schools that are individually eligible, Wicomico County is one of six school districts in Maryland that are eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision districtwide for all 26 schools.

Note: Prince Street Elementary enrolled in the Community Eligibility Provision in the 2016–2017 school year.

• Beaver Run Elementary;• Bennett Middle;• East Salisbury Elementary;• Pemberton Elementary;• Pinehurst Elementary;• Salisbury Middle;

• West Salisbury Elementary;• Westside Primary;• Wicomico Alternative Center;• Wicomico Early Learning Center;• Wicomico High; and• Wicomico Middle.


Wicomico County

Community Eligibility ProvisionSchools can increase participation in both school breakfast and school lunch by electing the Community Eligibility Provision — a federal option that provides access to breakfast and lunch at no charge for all students in high-poverty schools. Although the following 15 schools are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, there just three schools in Wicomico County that benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

C


62

This report card measures Worcester County’s progress in ensuring that all of the nearly 2,900 low-income students have access to a nutritious school breakfast so they can start the day ready to learn.

Low-Income Student ParticipationIn Worcester County, just 43 percent of all low-income students participate in school breakfast.


• Stephen Decatur Senior High;• Stephen Decatur Middle; and• Ocean City Elementary.

• Snow Hill Elementary;• Pocomoke Elementary;• Buckingham Elementary;

• Cedar Chapel Special;• Snow Hill Middle; and• Pocomoke Middle.


C-

Maryland Meals for AchievementIn Worcester County, 75 percent, or six out of eight eligible schools, benefit from the successful Maryland Meals for Achievement state-funded classroom breakfast program.

Both Pocomoke High and Snow Hill Senior High are eligible, but not participating.

B


Worcester County


63

• Cedar Chapel Special;• Pocomoke Elementary; and• Pocomoke Middle.


Worcester County


Although the following three schools are individually eligible to elect the Community Eligibility Provision, there are not yet any schools in Worcester County that benefit from this federal option that creates Hunger-Free Schools.

Timeto Act


64

Appendix ALow-Income Student Participation in School Breakfast, 2015–2016

Free and Reduced-

Price Eligible Student

Breakfast Participation

Rate

Free Meal Eligible

Students

Reduced-Price

Eligible Students

Free Breakfasts

Served (Sept-May)

Reduced-Price Breakfasts

Served (Sept-May)

Average Free and Reduced-

Price Breakfasts Served per

Day (Sept-May)

Allegany County 4,276 692 367,741 42,161 2,497 50%

Anne Arundel County 22,267 4,488 2,068,985 350,545 13,338 50%

Baltimore City 73,387 0 5,472,491 0 31,048 42%

Baltimore County 44,581 7,551 3,863,824 493,505 24,064 46%

Calvert County 3,180 527 131,311 9,274 777 21%

Caroline County 2,881 399 355,783 49,270 2,263 69%

Carroll County 4,401 707 284,616 23,267 1,701 33%

Cecil County 6,201 892 565,974 66,261 3,555 50%

Charles County 8,087 1,417 839,384 125,059 5,399 57%

Dorchester County 2,936 265 324,279 22,079 1,953 61%

Frederick County 9,291 1,672 647,456 86,614 4,068 37%

Garrett County 1,585 349 173,418 29,646 1,172 61%

Harford County 9,629 1,959 875,026 132,024 5,630 49%

Howard County 9,615 1,881 627,407 67,837 3,873 34%

Kent County 1,014 106 136,346 11,122 825 74%

Montgomery County 45,373 9,236 3,741,544 675,239 24,823 45%

Prince George’s Cty 71,647 9,648 6,746,918 695,334 41,769 51%

Queen Anne’s County 1,765 274 113,226 12,984 715 35%

Somerset County 2,435 0 305,556 0 1,721 71%

St. Mary’s County 5,108 714 460,935 46,299 2,848 49%

Talbot County 1,794 219 161,470 16,766 1,002 50%

Washington County 9,957 1,065 1,054,230 76,416 6,309 57%

Wicomico County 8,396 677 734,190 35,663 4,302 47%

Worcester County 2,543 337 201,579 21,349 1,245 43%

State of Maryland 352,349 45,075 30,253,689 3,088,714 186,897 47%


65

Appendix BMaryland Meals for Achievement Schools (2015–2016) (“N” Indicates a New MMFA School in the 2015–2016 School Year)

Allegany County (11 MMFA Schools)

Beall ElementaryCash ValleyCtr for Career & Tech EduCresaptown ElementaryFlintstone SchoolGeorge’s Creek ElementaryNortheast ElementarySouth Penn ElementaryWashington MiddleWesternport ElementaryWestmar Middle

Anne Arundel County (49 MMFA Schools)

Annapolis ElementaryAnnapolis MiddleAnnapolis Senior HighBates MiddleBelle Grove ElementaryBrock Bridge Elem (N)Brooklyn Park ElementaryBrooklyn Park MiddleCorkran MiddleEastport ElementaryFerndale Early Education CtrFreetown ElementaryGeorge Cromwell ElemGeorgetown East ElemGermantown ElementaryGlen Burnie Park ElemGlendale ElementaryHebron Harman ElementaryHigh Point ElementaryHilltop ElementaryJ. Albert Adams AcademyJessup ElementaryLindale MiddleLothian ElementaryMacarthur MiddleMarley ElementaryMarley Glen SchoolMarley MiddleMary E. Moss / WinterodeMaryland City ElementaryMeade Heights Elementary

Meade MiddleMeade Senior High (N)Mills Parole ElementaryNorth County HighNorth Glen ElementaryOakwood ElementaryOld Mill Middle North (N)Overlook ElementaryPark ElementaryPhoenix AcademyPoint Pleasant ElementaryRichard Henry Lee ElemRippling Woods ElemRuth Parker Eason SchoolSouthgate ElementaryTyler Heights ElementaryVan Bokkelen ElementaryWoodside Elementary

Baltimore County (65 MMFA Schools)

Baltimore Highlands ElemBattle Grove ElementaryBattle Monument School (N)Bear Creek ElementaryBedford ElementaryBerkshire ElementaryCampfield Early Child CtrChadwick ElementaryCharlesmont ElementaryChase ElementaryChurch Lane Elementary (N)Colgate ElementaryCrossroads CenterDeep Creek ElementaryDeep Creek MiddleDogwood ElementaryDundalk ElementaryDundalk MiddleEdmondson Heights ElemElmwood ElementaryFeatherbed Lane ElementaryGen J. Stricker Middle (N)Glenmar ElementaryGolden Ring MiddleHalethorpe Elementary (N)Halstead Academy


66

Hawthorne ElementaryHebbville ElementaryHernwood ElementaryHolabird MiddleJohnnycake ElementaryLansdowne ElementaryLansdowne MiddleLoch Raven Tech AcademyLogan ElementaryMaiden Choice SchoolMars Estates ElementaryMartin Boulevard ElementaryMcCormick ElementaryMiddle River MiddleMiddlesex ElementaryMilbrook ElementaryNorwood ElementaryOwings Mills ElementaryPadonia International ElementaryPleasant Plains ElementaryPowhatan ElementaryRandallstown ElementaryRidge Ruxton School (N)Riverview ElementaryRosedale Center (N)Sandalwood ElementarySandy Plains ElementaryScotts Branch ElementarySeneca ElementaryShady Spring ElementarySouthwest AcademyStemmers Run Middle (N)Sussex ElementaryVictory Villa ElementaryWhite Oak SchoolWindsor Mill Middle (N)Winfield ElementaryWoodlawn MiddleWoodmoor Elementary

Caroline County (11 MMFA Schools)

Col. Richardson HighCol. Richardson MiddleDenton ElementaryFamily Support CenterFederalsburg Elementary

Greensboro ElementaryJudy Center Early HeadstartLockerman MiddleNorth Caroline High (N)Preston ElementaryRidgely Elementary (N)

Carroll County (5 MMFA Schools)

Crossroads Middle SchoolElmer A. Wolfe ElementaryGatewayRobert Moton ElementaryTaneytown Elementary

Cecil County (13 MMFA Schools)

Bainbridge ElementaryBay View ElementaryCecil Manor ElementaryCecilton ElementaryCharlestown ElementaryElkton HighElkton MiddleGilpin Manor ElementaryHolly Hall ElementaryNorth East ElementaryNorth East MiddleRising Sun ElementaryThomson Estates Elementary

Charles County (14 MMFA Schools)

Arthur Middleton ElementaryBenjamin Stoddert MiddleC. Paul Barnhart ElementaryDr. Gustavus Brown ElementaryDr. Samuel A. Mudd ElementaryEva Turner ElementaryF. B. Gwynn Educational CenterGale-Bailey ElementaryGeneral Smallwood MiddleIndian Head ElementaryJ. C. Parks ElementaryJ. P. Ryon ElementaryJohn Hanson Middle SchoolMount Hope/Nanjemoy Elementary


67

Dorchester County (9 MMFA Schools)

Choptank ElementaryHurlock ElementaryMaces Lane MiddleMaple ElementaryNew Directions Learn Acad (N)North Dorchester MiddleSandy Hill ElementaryVienna ElementaryWarwick Elementary (N)

Frederick County (12 MMFA Schools)

Ballenger Creek ElementaryBrunswick Elementary (N)Crestwood Middle School (N)Heather Ridge High SchoolHeather Ridge MiddleHillcrest ElementaryLincoln ElementaryMonocacy ElementaryNorth Frederick ElementarySpring Ridge ElementaryWaverley ElementaryWest Frederick MiddleGarrett County (9 MMFA Schools)Accident ElementaryBroad Ford ElementaryCrellin ElementaryFriendsville ElementaryGrantsville ElementaryHickory Envir Edu Ctr (N)Northern MiddleSouthern MiddleYough Glades Elementary

Harford County (15 MMFA Schools)

Aberdeen MiddleBakerfield ElementaryDeerfield ElementaryEdgewood ElementaryEdgewood MiddleG. D. Lisby Elem HillsdaleHalls Cross Roads ElementaryHavre de Grace ElementaryHavre de Grace Middle (N)

Joppatowne ElementaryMagnolia ElementaryMagnolia MiddleRiverside ElementaryRoye-Williams ElementaryWilliam Paca Old Post

Howard County (14 MMFA Schools)

Bollman Bridge ElementaryBryant Woods ElementaryCradlerock ElementaryGuilford ElementaryHomewood SchoolLake Elkhorn MiddleLaurel Woods ElementaryLongfellow ElementaryOakland Mills MiddlePhelps Luck ElementaryRunning Brook ElementaryStevens Forest ElementarySwansfield ElementaryTalbot Springs Elementary (N)

Kent County (6 MMFA Schools)

Galena Elementary SchoolH. Garnett ElementaryKent County MiddleMillington ElementaryRock Hall ElementaryWorton Elementary


68

Montgomery County (78 MMFA Schools)

A. Mario Loiederman MiddleAlbert Einstein HighArcola ElementaryArgyle MiddleBel Pre ElementaryBenjamin Banneker MiddleBriggs Chaney MiddleBroad Acres ElementaryBrookhaven ElementaryBrown Station ElementaryBurnt Mills ElementaryBurtonsville ElementaryCannon Road ElementaryCaptain James E. Daly ElemClopper Mill ElementaryCol. E. Brooke Lee MiddleCresthaven ElementaryDr. Charles R. Drew ElementaryDr. Sally K. Ride ElementaryEast Silver Spring ElementaryEastern MiddleFairland ElementaryFlora M. Singer ElementaryFlower Hill ElementaryForest Knolls ElementaryForest Oak MiddleFrancis Scott Key MiddleGaithersburg ElementaryGaithersburg MiddleGalway ElementaryGeorgian Forest ElementaryGlen Haven ElementaryGlenallan ElementaryGoshen Elementary (N)Greencastle ElementaryHarmony Hills ElementaryHighland ElementaryJackson Road ElementaryJohn F. Kennedy HighJudith A Resnik ElementaryKemp Mill ElementaryLake Seneca ElementaryMartin Luther King, Jr. MiddleMaryvale ElementaryMeadow Hall Elementary

Mill Creek Towne ElementaryMontgomery Knolls ElementaryMontgomery Village MiddleNeelsville MiddleNew Hampshire Estates ElemNewport Mill MiddleOak View ElementaryParkland MiddlePine Crest ElementaryR. Sargent Shriver ElementaryRock View ElementaryRolling Terrace ElementaryRoscoe E. Nix ElementaryRosemont ElementaryS. Christa McAuliffe ElementarySequoyah ElementarySilver Spring Int’l MiddleSligo MiddleSouth Lake ElementaryStedwick ElementaryStrathmore ElementaryStrawberry Knoll ElementarySummit Hall ElementaryTwinbrook ElementaryViers Mill ElementaryWashington Grove ElementaryWaters Landing ElementaryWatkins Mill ElementaryWeller Road ElementaryWheaton Woods ElementaryWhetstone ElementaryWhite Oak MiddleWilliam Tyler Page Elementary


69

Prince George’s County (92 MMFA Schools)

Allenwood ElementaryApple Grove ElementaryArdmore ElementaryArrowhead ElementaryAvalon ElementaryBaden ElementaryBarnaby Manor ElementaryBeltsville ElementaryBerwyn Heights ElementaryBladensburg ElementaryBradbury Heights ElementaryBrandywine ElementaryCapitol Heights ElementaryCarmody Hills ElementaryCarole Highlands ElementaryCatherine T. Reed ElementaryChillum ElementaryColumbia Park ElementaryConcord ElementaryCool Spring ElementaryCooper Lane ElementaryCora L. Rice ElementaryDeerfield Run ElementaryDistrict Heights ElementaryDoswell E. Brooks ElementaryExcel AcademyFlintstone ElementaryForest Heights ElementaryFort Foote ElementaryFrances Scott Key ElementaryFrancis T. Evans ElementaryFort Washington Forest ElemGaywood ElementaryGlassmanor ElementaryGreenbelt ElementaryH. W. Wheatly Early Childhood CtrHighland Park ElementaryHillcrest Heights ElementaryHollywood ElementaryHyattsville ElementaryIndian Queen ElementaryJ. Frank Dent ElementaryJames H. Harrison ElementaryJohn H. Bayne ElementaryJudge Sylvania Woods Elementary

Kenmoor Early Childhood CenterKettering ElementaryKingsford ElementaryLake Arbor ElementaryLaurel ElementaryLongfields ElementaryMagnolia ElementaryMarlton ElementaryMary Harris Mother Jones ElemMelwood ElementaryMontpelier ElementaryNorth Forestville ElementaryNorthview Elementary (N)Oaklands ElementaryOverlook Spanish ImmersionOxon Hill ElementaryPaint Branch ElementaryPanorama ElementaryPatuxent ElementaryPerrywood ElementaryP.E. Williams Spanish Imm.Pointer Ridge Elementary (N)Potomac Landing ElementaryPrinceton ElementaryRidgecrest ElementaryRobert R. Gray ElementaryRockledge Elementary (N)Rosa L. Parks ElementaryRosaryville ElementaryRose Valley ElementarySamuel Chase ElementarySamuel P. Massie ElementaryScotch Town Hills ElementarySeabrook ElementarySeat Pleasant ElementarySkyline ElementarySuitland ElementaryTayac ElementaryTurning Point AcademyUniversity Park ElementaryValley View ElementaryVansville ElementaryWaldon Woods ElementaryWilliam Beanes ElementaryWilliam W. Hall AcademyWoodmore Elementary (N)Woodridge Elementary


70

Queen Anne’s County (3 MMFA Schools)

Anchor Point AcademySudlersville ElementarySudlersville Middle

St. Mary’s County (9 MMFA Schools)

Dynard ElementaryFairlead Academy IFairlead Academy IIGeorge Washington Carver ElemGreen Holly SchoolLexington Park ElementaryPark Hall ElementaryRidge ElementarySpring Ridge Middle

Somerset County (5 MMFA Schools)

Carter G. Woodson ElementaryDeal Island SchoolGreenwood ElementaryIntermediate SchoolPrincess Anne Elementary

Talbot County (4 MMFA Schools)

Easton ElementaryEaston MiddleTilghman ElementaryWhite Marsh Elementary

Washington County (27 MMFA Schools)

Antietam AcademyBester ElementaryCascade SchoolConococheague ElementaryE. Russell Hicks MiddleEastern ElementaryEmma K. Doub ElementaryFountaindale ElementaryFunkstown ElementaryHancock ElementaryHancock Middle Senior HighHickory ElementaryLincolnshire ElementaryMaugansville Elementary

North Hagerstown HighNorthern Middle (N)Pangborn ElementaryRuth Ann Monroe PrimarySalem Avenue ElementarySouth Hagerstown HighSpringfield MiddleFamily CenterJob Development CenterWestern Heights MiddleWilliamsport ElementaryWilliamsport HighWinter Street Elementary

Wicomico County (10 MMFA Schools)

Beaver Run Elementary SchoolCharles H. Chipman ElementaryGlen Avenue ElementaryNorth Salisbury ElementaryPemberton ElementaryPinehurst ElementaryPrince Street ElementaryWest Salisbury ElementaryWicomico Early Learning CenterWillards Elementary

Worcester County (6 MMFA Schools)

Buckingham ElementaryCedar Chapel SpecialPocomoke ElementaryPocomoke MiddleSnow Hill ElementarySnow Hill Middle

Archdiocese of BaltimoreCardinal ShehanArchbishop Borders SchoolSaints James and JohnHoly AngelsSt. Thomas Aquinas


71

Eligibility and Participation in the Community Eligibility Provision (CEP) in the 2016-2017 School Year

Appendix C

Allegany County** Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Beall Elementary 449 44.77% CEP-Eligible

Cash Valley 305 43.61% CEP-Eligible

Cresaptown Elem 356 41.29% CEP-Eligible

Eckhart Alt Program 40 77.50% CEP-Eligible

George’s Creek Elem 309 52.10% CEP-Eligible

John Humbird Elem 281 76.87% CEP-Eligible

Mount Savage Elem 203 43.84% CEP-Eligible

Northeast Elem 325 43.69% CEP-Eligible

Parkside School 212 40.57% CEP-Eligible

South Penn Elem 524 61.26% CEP-Eligible

Transition Program at Cumberland 24 62.50% CEP-Eligible

Washington Middle 617 46.19% CEP-Eligible

West Side Elem 397 50.63% CEP-Eligible

Westernport Elem 275 50.91% CEP-Eligible

Westmar Middle 278 48.92% CEP-Eligible

**In addition to the individual schools listed above, the entire Allegany County school district is eligible to elect community eligibility districtwide.


72

Anne Arundel County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Annapolis Elementary 267 41.57% CEP-Eligible

Belle Grove Elem 259 43.63% CEP-Eligible

Eastport Elementary 255 64.71% CEP-Eligible

Ferndale Early Edu Ctr 142 43.66% CEP-Eligible

Freetown Elementary 488 41.19% CEP-Eligible

Georgetown East Elem 385 63.38% CEP-Eligible

Hilltop Elementary 705 42.55% CEP-Eligible

M. Moss @ J.A.A. Acad 84 53.57% CEP-Eligible

Mills Parole Elementary 631 52.93% CEP-Eligible

Park Elementary 481 45.74% CEP-Eligible

Phoenix Academy 188 42.55% CEP-Eligible

Tyler Heights Elem 591 46.19% CEP-Eligible

Van Bokkelen Elem 482 52.07% CEP-Eligible

Baltimore CityAll 181 Baltimore City Public Schools are participating in CEP.


73

Baltimore County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Balt Highlands Elem 716 40.22% CEP-Eligible

Battle Grove Elementary 336 55.06% CEP-Eligible

Bear Creek Elementary 490 43.88% CEP-Eligible

Berkshire Elementary 504 48.81% CEP-Eligible

Charlesmont Elem 446 47.09% CEP-Eligible

Colgate Elementary 396 43.43% CEP-Eligible

Crossroads Center 176 47.73% CEP-Eligible

Deep Creek Elementary 418 54.07% CEP-Eligible

Deep Creek Middle 832 43.39% CEP-Eligible

Dundalk Elementary 735 55.24% CEP-Eligible

Dundalk High 1,430 41.75% Hunger-Free School

Dundalk Middle 619 45.56% Hunger-Free School

Gen J. Stricker Middle 737 44.23% CEP-Eligible

Halethorpe Elementary 585 40.85% CEP-Eligible

Halstead Academy 540 43.15% CEP-Eligible

Hawthorne Elem 621 50.24% Hunger-Free School

Holabird Middle 899 44.05% CEP-Eligible

Lansdowne Elementary 498 42.17% CEP-Eligible

Lansdowne Middle 715 42.94% CEP-Eligible

Logan Elementary 583 52.49% CEP-Eligible

Mars Estates Elem 424 45.75% CEP-Eligible

Martin Boulevard Elem 335 53.13% CEP-Eligible

Middlesex Elementary 572 43.01% CEP-Eligible

Norwood Elementary 509 41.65% CEP-Eligible

Riverview Elem 583 60.55% Hunger-Free School

Rosedale Center 128 54.69% CEP-Eligible

Sandalwood Elementary 600 50.17% CEP-Eligible

Sandy Plains Elem 585 48.38% CEP-Eligible

Scotts Branch Elem 563 40.85% CEP-Eligible

Sussex Elementary 475 45.26% CEP-Eligible


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Caroline County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Federalsburg Elem 473 61.73% CEP-Eligible

Greensboro Elementary 777 46.33% CEP-Eligible

Cecil County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Bainbridge Elementary 535 42.99% CEP-Eligible

Bay View Elementary 615 40.81% CEP-Eligible

Cecil Alt Program 27 66.67% Hunger-Free School

Charlestown Elementary 431 40.37% CEP-Eligible

Elkton Middle 551 47.19% CEP-Eligible

Gilpin Manor Elem 477 50.10% CEP-Eligible

Holly Hall Elementary 662 54.83% CEP-Eligible

North East Elementary 530 53.02% CEP-Eligible

Thomson Estates Elem 451 54.10% CEP-Eligible

Carroll County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Crossroads Middle 17 41.18% CEP-Eligible

Taneytown Elementary 415 44.82% CEP-Eligible


75

Charles County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Dr. Samuel A Mudd Elementary 422 45.50% CEP-Eligible

Eva Turner Elementary 479 41.96% CEP-Eligible

Indian Head Elementary 487 44.97% CEP-Eligible

Dorchester County** Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Cambridge-South Dorchester High 764 45.29% CEP-Eligible

Choptank Elementary 386 80.05% CEP-Eligible

Hurlock Elementary 462 60.61% CEP-Eligible

Maces Lane Middle 529 64.84% CEP-Eligible

Maple Elementary 463 68.90% CEP-Eligible

New Directions Learning Academy

(Alt. School) 12 91.67% CEP-Eligible

Sandy Hill Elementary 475 69.26% CEP-Eligible

Vienna Elementary 196 52.04% CEP-Eligible

**In addition to the individual schools listed above, the entire Dorchester County school district is eligible to elect community eligibility districtwide.


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Frederick County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Heather Ridge High 24 50.00% Hunger-Free School

Heather Ridge Middle 19 52.63% Hunger-Free School

Hillcrest Elementary 1,024 51.56% CEP-Eligible

Lincoln Elementary 581 42.69% CEP-Eligible

Waverley Elem 618 51.13% Hunger-Free School

Garrett County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Dennett Road 94 100% Hunger-Free School

Friendsville Elementary 168 44.05% CEP-Eligible

Yough Glades Elem 352 44.03% CEP-Eligible

Harford County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Ctr for Edu Opportunity 53 58.49% CEP-Eligible

Edgewood Elementary 390 46.15% CEP-Eligible

G.D. Lisby Elem Hillsdale 437 50.34% CEP-Eligible

Halls Cross Roads Elem 519 58.19% CEP-Eligible

Magnolia Elementary 499 54.51% CEP-Eligible

William Paca Old Post 836 50.72% CEP-Eligible


77

Howard County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Bryant Woods Elem 400 43.00% Hunger-Free School

Homewood School 144 40.97% Hunger-Free School

Kent County** Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

H Garnett Elementary 261 55.56% CEP-Eligible

Rock Hall Elementary 171 50.29% CEP-Eligible

Worton Elementary 262 49.62% CEP-Eligible

**In addition to the individual schools listed above, the entire Kent County school district is eligible to elect community eligibility districtwide.


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Montgomery County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Blair G. Ewing Center 121 57.85% CEP-Eligible

Broad Acres Elem 818 46.58% CEP-Eligible

Foundation School of M.C. 70 61.43% CEP-Eligible

Gaithersburg Elem 867 50.87% CEP-Eligible

Georgian Forest Elem 585 38.29%* Hunger-Free School

Kemp Mill Elementary 534 44.57% CEP-Eligible

N.H. Estates Elem 496 50.81% CEP-Eligible

Rolling Terrace Elem 900 41.11% CEP-Eligible

South Lake Elementary 818 50.49% CEP-Eligible

Summit Hall Elem 671 40.83% CEP-Eligible

Watkins Mill Elem 677 48.89% Hunger-Free School

* Georgian Forest Elementary School is not individually eligible to elect CEP. However, this school is currently participating in CEP because it is grouped with other school(s) such that the total Identified Student Percentages is over 40 percent.

Prince George’s County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Alternative High 100 45.00% CEP-Eligible

Andrew Jackson Academy 626 49.20% Hunger-Free School

Barnaby Manor Elem 468 46.79% CEP-Eligible

Bradbury Heights Elem 485 50.10% CEP-Eligible

Carmody Hills Elem 490 55.51% CEP-Eligible

Columbia Park Elem 490 44.49% CEP-Eligible

Concord Elementary 399 46.87% CEP-Eligible

Cora L. Rice Elementary 776 42.78% CEP-Eligible


79

Prince George’s County continued

Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

District Heights Elementary 507 53.06% CEP-Eligible

Doswell E. Brooks Elem 235 47.23% CEP-Eligible

G.J. Ghoulson Middle 643 41.06% CEP-Eligible

Glassmanor Elementary 347 40.63% CEP-Eligible

Green Valley Instructional 125 44.00% CEP-Eligible

H.W. Wheatly Early Childhood Center 403 49.63% CEP-Eligible

Highland Park Elem 419 43.20% CEP-Eligible

Hillcrest Heights Elementary 520 45.19% Hunger-Free School

J. Frank Dent Elementary 304 43.75% CEP-Eligible

John H. Bayne Elem 451 52.77% CEP-Eligible

Kenmoor Early Child Ctr 312 48.72% CEP-Eligible

Longfields Elementary 360 42.22% CEP-Eligible

Panorama Elementary 555 45.59% CEP-Eligible

Princeton Elementary 365 41.37% CEP-Eligible

Robert R. Gray Elem 452 54.20% CEP-Eligible

Samuel Chase Elementary 288 48.61% CEP-Eligible

Samuel P. Massie Elem 667 47.08% CEP-Eligible

Seat Pleasant Elem 348 52.59% Hunger-Free School

Suitland Elem 558 49.82% Hunger-Free School

Tall Oaks High 84 41.67% CEP-Eligible

William Beanes Elem 473 50.74% CEP-Eligible

William Paca Elem 545 53.03% Hunger-Free School

William W. Hall Academy 547 48.45% Hunger-Free School


80

St. Mary’s County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Fairlead Academy I 131 42.75% CEP-Eligible

George Washington Carver Elementary 641 60.06% CEP-Eligible

Lexington Park Elem 634 47.63% CEP-Eligible

Park Hall Elementary 645 41.71% CEP-Eligible

Somerset CountyAll 10 Somerset County Public Schools are participating in CEP.

Washington County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Antietam Academy 115 69.57% Hunger-Free School

Bester Elementary 594 61.78% Hunger-Free School

Eastern Elem 511 44.23% Hunger-Free School

Hickory Elem 268 56.72% Hunger-Free School

Lincolnshire Elem 623 45.10% Hunger-Free School

Marshall St. Edu Center 50 42.00% Hunger-Free School

Pangborn Elementary 743 48.05% CEP-Eligible

Ruth Ann Monroe Primary 601 52.08% Hunger-Free School

Salem Avenue Elem 718 45.13% Hunger-Free School

S. Hagerstown High 1,229 42.72% CEP-Eligible

Wash Co Family Ctr 14 42.86% Hunger-Free School

Western Heights Middle 737 47.08% CEP-Eligible

Winter Street Elem 312 67.31% Hunger-Free School


81

Wicomico County** Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Beaver Run Elem 546 81.50% CEP-Eligible

Bennett Middle 996 41.87% CEP-Eligible

Charles H. Chipman Elem 320 65.94% Hunger-Free School

East Salisbury Elem 432 62.50% CEP-Eligible

Glen Avenue Elem 412 67.48% Hunger-Free School

Pemberton Elementary 553 57.50% CEP-Eligible

Pinehurst Elementary 520 56.73% CEP-Eligible

Prince Street Elem 705 63.26% Hunger-Free School

Salisbury Middle 795 44.91% CEP-Eligible

West Salisbury Elem 325 60.00% CEP-Eligible

Westside Primary 258 40.31% CEP-Eligible

Wicomico Alt Ctr 42 69.05% CEP-Eligible

Wicomico Early Learning Center 110 74.55% CEP-Eligible

Wicomico High 1,010 45.25% CEP-Eligible

Wicomico Middle 699 48.07% CEP-Eligible

**In addition to the individual schools listed above, the entire Wicomico County school district is eligible to elect community eligibility districtwide.


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Worcester County Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Cedar Chapel Special 55 47.27% CEP-Eligible

Pocomoke Elementary 389 55.53% CEP-Eligible

Pocomoke Middle 416 44.71% CEP-Eligible

Non-Public Schools Identified Student StudentSchool Name Enrollment Percentage CEP Status

Archdiocese of Baltimore -

Saints James & John 226 45.13% CEP-Eligible

Associated Catholic Charities -

Villa Maria Harford Co 33 42.42% CEP-Eligible

Associated Catholic Charities -

Villa Maria 65 64.62% CEP-Eligible

Cedar Ridge Children’s Home 35 68.57% Hunger-Free School

Kennedy Krieger - Early Head Start 135 100% CEP-Eligible

MD Salem Children’s Trust -

Salem School 6 83.33% CEP-Eligible

Mother Seton Acad 74 52.70% CEP-Eligible

Phillips Program 62 40.32% CEP-Eligible

Sisters Acad Balt 64 43.75% CEP-Eligible

St. Ignatius Loyola Academy 84 53.57% Hunger-Free School

The SEED School of Maryland 394 51.78% Hunger-Free School


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Data for this report were provided by the Maryland State Department of Education on the October 31, 2015, enrollment report, the 2016 CEP report, and several data requests.

The “Low-Income Student Participation in the School Breakfast Program” grade is used to measure how well each district is ensuring that all low-income students have full access to the School Breakfast Program. A student is considered “low-income” if they are certified for free or reduced-price school meals due to their household income falling below 185 percent of the Federal Poverty Level. The Average Daily Participation (ADP) of low-income students in the School Breakfast Program was divided by the total enrollment of low-income students to determine this percentage. (See the table, “Low-Income Student Participation in School Breakfast in 2015–2016,” in the Appendix for the data.) Data for school year 2015–2016 do not include the summer months of June, July, and August in the ADP calculations.

In previous Maryland Hunger Solutions reports, low-income student participation in school breakfast was calculated differently. For example, in the report for school year 2014–2015, the ADP of low-income student participation in school breakfast was divided by the ADP of low-income student participation in the National School Lunch Program. In contrast, this report divides the low-income student school breakfast ADP by total enrollment of low-income students. This change was made for greater clarity and to better align with the goals of the Maryland Partnership to End Child Hunger.

The “Participation in Maryland Meals for Achievement (MMFA)” grade compares the number of schools in the district that are using state funding to provide breakfast in the classroom at no charge for all students with the number of eligible schools. A school is eligible for MMFA when at least 40 percent of students qualify for free or reduced-price school meals.

The “Community Eligibility Provision (CEP)” grade compares the number of schools in the district that are using the federal option with the number of individually eligible schools. Schools with at least 40 percent of identified students are considered CEP-eligible. Identified students include those living in households that participate in the Supplemental Nutrition

Methodology


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Assistance Program (SNAP), the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program, and the Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations (FDPIR). Identified students also include foster, migrant, homeless, or runaway youth, and Head Start participants. While schools with fewer than 40 percent identified student rates may also elect CEP if they are grouped with other schools, they are not considered “CEP-eligible” in this report. However, districts that are eligible to elect CEP districtwide (i.e., with all schools grouped together) are noted as CEP-eligible districtwide.


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Maryland Hunger Solutions is a drug-free workplace that does not discriminate on the basis of age, ancestry, color, creed, gender identity and expression, genetic information, marital status, disability, national origin, race, religion, sex, or sexual orientation.

In accordance with Federal Law and U.S. Department of Agriculture policy, the Maryland State Department of Education is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability. To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call toll free (866) 632-9992 (voice). Individuals who are hearing impaired or have speech disabilities may contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339; or (800) 845-6136 (Spanish). USDA is an equal-opportunity provider and employer. The Maryland State Department of Education does not discriminate on the basis of age, ancestry, color, creed, gender identity and expression, genetic information, marital status, disability, national origin, race, religion, sex, or sexual orientation in matters affecting employment or in providing access to programs. For inquiries related to departmental policy, please contact the Equity Assurance and Compliance Office, 410-767-0433 (voice), or 410-333-6442 (TTY/TDD). For more information about the contents of this document, contact 410-767-0207.

Non-Discrimination Statements


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1 Food Research & Action Center. (2016). Breakfast for Health. Available at: http://frac.org/wp-content/uploads/break-fastforhealth-1.pdf. Accessed on March 20, 2017.

2 Coleman-Jensen, A., Rabbitt, M. P., Gregory, C. A., & Singh, A. (2016). Household Food Security in the United States in 2015. Available at: https://www.ers.usda.gov/ webdocs/publications/err215/err-215.pdf. Accessed on March 20, 2017.

3 County Health Rankings & Roadmaps. (n.d.). School breakfast programs. Available at: http:// www.countyhealthrank-ings.org/policies/school-breakfast-programs. Accessed on March 20, 2017.

4 National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. (n.d.). Healthier students are better learners: a missing link in school reforms to close the achievement gap. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21923870. Accessed on March 20, 2017.

5 Low-income students are defined as those that receive free or reduced-price school meals because their household income is below 185 percent of the Federal Poverty Level. Source: Maryland State Department of Education. (n.d.). Income Eligibility Guidelines. Available at: http://www.mary-landpublicschools.org/ programs/Documents/ Nutrition/IncomeEligibilityGuidelines1617.pdf. Accessed on March 21, 2017.

6 Families with incomes below 130 percent of the Federal Poverty Level qualify for free school meals, and those with incomes between 130 percent and 185 percent qualify for reduced-price school meals. Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service. (2015). Child Nutrition Programs — Income Eligibility Guidelines. Available at: http:// www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-03-31/pdf/2015-07358.pdf. Accessed on March 20, 2017.

7 Glasmeier, A. K. (2015). Living Wage Calculator. Available at: http://livingwage.mit.edu/pages/about. Accessed on March 20, 2017.

8 Food Research & Action Center. (2016). Breakfast for Learning. Available at: http://frac.org/wp-content/uploads/break-fastforlearning-1.pdf. Accessed on March 20, 2017.

9 Maryland State Department of Education. (2015). Federal Reimbursement to MMFA Reimbursement. [Data file by request only]. Available from Maryland State Department of Education, School and Community Nutrition Programs Branch.

10 Maryland State Department of Education. (n.d.). MMFA School Participation Data. Available at: http://www.maryland-publicschools.org/programs/Pages/School-Community-Nutrition/MMFAData.aspx. Accessed on March 20, 2017.

11 Maryland State Department of Education. (n.d.). Free and Reduced-Price Meal Statistics. Available at: http://www.marylandpublicschools.org/programs/Pages/School-Community-Nutrition/FreeReducedPriceMealStatistics.aspx. Accessed on March 21, 2017.

12 Low-income students are defined as those that qualify for free or reduced-price school meals. Source: Maryland State Department of Education. (n.d.). Income Eligibility Guidelines. Available at: http://www.marylandpublicschools.org/programs/Documents /Nutrition/IncomeEligibilityGuidelines1617.pdf. Accessed on March 21, 2017.

13 United States Government. (2016). Title 7 Part 220.8 Meal requirements for breakfasts. Available at: http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retrieveECFR?gp= 1&SID=1efda750af767569cda912c147528a21&ty= HTML&h=L&mc=true&r=PART&n=pt7.4.220#se7.4.220_18. Accessed on March 16, 2017.

14 County Health Rankings & Roadmaps. (n.d.). School breakfast programs. Available at: http://www.countyhealthrank-ings.org/policies/school-breakfast-programs. Accessed on March 20, 2017.

15 Food Research & Action Center. (2016). Breakfast for Health. Available at: http://frac.org/wp-content/uploads/break-fastforhealth-1.pdf. Accessed on March 20, 2017

16 Food Research & Action Center. (2016). Breakfast for Learning. Available at: http://frac.org/wp-content/uploads/break-fastforlearning-1.pdf. Accessed on March 20, 2017

17 Maryland State Department of Education. (n.d.). MMFA School Participation Data. Available at: http://www.maryland-publicschools.org/programs/Pages/School-Community-Nutrition/MMFAData.aspx. Accessed on March 20, 2017.

18 Maryland State Department of Education. (n.d.). School and Community Nutrition Programs. Available at: http://www.marylandpublicschools.org/programs/Pages/School-Community-Nutrition/index.aspx. Accessed on March 20, 2017.