8/13/2019 CPRS Module 2 - How the Cellular Phone Works

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Cellular Phone Repair ServicingModule 2 - How the Cellular Phone Works

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Topic outline

1 What is a Cellular Phone

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Module 2 - How the Cellular Phone WorksLesson 1: How the cellular phone works

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Session Objectives

At the end of this session, you will be able to:

Learn and understand what a cellular phoneis

Learn how do cell sites work for cellularphones

!now how a cellular phone trans"its

!now the co"ponents of cellular phone

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Introduction

#n this session, you will be able to learn

and understand what a cellular phone is, its

co"ponents and how it works

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What is a cellular phone?

Cellular telephone, often called "obile

telephone, is a type of short-wa$e analo% or

di%ital teleco""unication in which a

subscriber has a wireless connection fro" a

"obile telephone to a relati$ely nearby

trans"itter #t "akes and recei$es telephone

calls o$er a radio link "o$in% around a wide

%eo%raphic area &he span of the trans"itter

of co$era%e is called a cell 'enerally,

cellular telephone ser$ice is a$ailable in

urban areas and alon% "a(or hi%hways As

the cellular telephone user "o$es fro" one

cell or area of co$era%e to another, the

telephone is effecti$ely passed on to the

local cell trans"itter

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What is a cellular phone?

#n addition, "odern "obile phones also

support a wide $ariety of other ser$ices such

as te)t "essa%in%, MM*, e"ail, #nternet

access, short-ran%e wireless

Co""unications +infrared, luetooth ,

business applications, %a"in% and

photo%raphy Mobile phones that offer

these and "ore %eneral co"putin%

capabilities are referred to as s"art phones

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What is a cell site?

A cell site is a %eo%raphic area where the

base station is located &his is a site

co"posed of antenna tower and electronic

co""unications e.uip"ent placed to

create a cell in cellular network for the use

of cellular phones

BandsAll cellular phone networks worldwide use

a portion of the radio fre.uency spectru"

desi%nated as ultra hi%h fre.uency, or /0H1/,

for the trans"ission and reception of their

si%nals &he ultra hi%h fre.uency band is alsoshared with tele$ision, Wi-1i and luetooth

trans"ission &he cellular fre.uencies are the

sets of fre.uency ran%es within the ultra hi%h

fre.uency band that ha$e been allocated for

cellular phone use ue to historical reasons,

radio fre.uencies used for cellular networks

differ in A"erica, 3urope, Africa and Asia 455 MH6 7855 MH6 - 3urope, Australia, Africa and Asia855 MH6 - 7455 MH6 - 0nited *tates and other countries

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How the cellular phone trans its?

Cellular Phone trans"its a certain

a"ount of radio si%nal &he nearest base

station will capture its presence &his will

then able you to recei$e calls and te)t

"essa%es 9n the other hand, if so"ebody

wants to contact you, his her cellular phone

will trans"it a si%nal to the nearest base

station where that person is located &his

base station will then trans"it to series of

teleco""unication relay e.uip"ent such as

channel towers or satellites until it reaches

your base station where you were

connected

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Co ponents o! a cellular phone

;ow you know how the cellular phone sends and recei$es calls and te)t "essa%es, you

should also be fa"iliar with the different co"ponents of a cellular phone

# Hardware Output Components

COMPONENT PHOTO FUNCTION

Cellular Phone isplayis also called as cellular phone screen. It is made ofglass with tiny crystal pixel that emits light displayingcertain information such as text and images.Types of Cellular Phone Display- LCD- OLED

- Touch creen

*peaker *peaker phone allows the phone to be used at a shortdistance, without the phone bein% held ne)t to the face, +andwithout usin% a headset #t allows a s"all %roup of peoplenear the phone to hear and participate in the con$ersation #tis also useful for hands-free, safe operation in anauto"obile, and when on hold for a lon% period of ti"e

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Co ponents o! a cellular phone

# Hardware

Output Components

COMPONENT PHOTO FUNCTION

u66er &hese are also speakers that can %enerate hi%h audible sound

louder than 3arpiece speakers #t also a"plifies therin%tones,$oice and "usic "ore audibly

<ibra Motor #t is "ade of a tiny "otor that conducts $ibration when inacti$e "ode

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Co ponents o! a cellular phone

# Hardware

Input Components

COMPONENT PHOTO FUNCTION

Microphone also known as /"outhpiece=, is the co"ponent used to

intercept and i"itate hu"an $oice and sounds to send to aparticular recei$er or caller

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Co ponents o! a cellular phone

# Hardware

Input Components

COMPONENT PHOTO FUNCTION

!eypad refers to the nu"ber and letter buttons found on a cell phone,

for the purposes of diallin% and typin%

Types of keypad- Multi-tap - refers to a te)t entry syste" used by repeatedlypressin% the sa"e key to cycle throu%h the letters for that key- Qwerty - is deri$ed se.uentially fro" the first si) keys +fro"left to ri%ht on the far left portion of a standard keyboard (ustbelow the nu"ber keys &his is to pre$ent people fro" typin%too .uickly and (a""in% $arious keys- Touch Screen > it is an electronic display that is sensiti$e tohu"an touch, allowin% the user to interact by touchin% picturesand words on the screen

Types of touch sc eena Capaciti$eb ?esisti$e

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Co ponents o! a cellular phone

## *oftware

Output Components

1ir"ware 1ir"ware refers to the applications and operatin% syste" that control how a cellphone ors"artphone operates #t is called fir"ware rather than software to hi%hli%ht that it is $ery closelytied to the particular hardware co"ponents of a de$ice 1ir"ware is %enerally flashed into a

phoneBs ?9M rather than si"ply bein% loaded into nor"al phone stora%e, where it could be "oreeasily erased and lost in the e$ent of a crash 1ir"ware updates are so"eti"es pro$ided by aco"pany as a way to fi) bu%s or introduce new functionality

Applications Apps allow you to custo"i6e a phone to your specific set of wants and needs &hey are %enerallyeasy to find and install, and once you start usin% the", will beco"e a necessary part of your "obilelife usiness people want to be connected to their e"ail as well as be able to re$iew docu"ents,track e)penses, and "aintain lists of contact infor"ation for $arious %roups of people Co""onusers in %eneral want e"ail, internet access, and dependin% upon their preferences, "usic and%a"es, alon% with "any of the ite"s a business person needs &he needs of both types of users canbe "et in a "ulti"edia s"artphone with the appropriate apps