CHAPTER 3 SECTION 2

RELIGIOUS FREEDOM IN ENGLAND???KING IS THE LEADER OF THE CHURCH AND THE COUNTRY

NOT EVERYONE LIKED KING HENRY VIII’S CHURCH

Still mostly Catholic ideas with Henry as the leader instead of the Pope

RELIGION IN ENGLANDCatholic Protestant

Roman Catholic Anglican Church of England

Puritans Separatists

Pope as head of church

King Henry VIII as head of church

Wanted to PURIFY the Church of England

Wanted to SEPARATE from the Church of England

Bloody Mary Elizabeth I made Church of England Protestant

Originally fled to Netherlands and then made a PILGRIMAGE to America

If you didn’t follow the faith of the King or Queen in power, you were persecuted – treated harshly – even killed.

THE MAYFLOWER“Saints and Strangers”

ONLY 35 OF 102 PASSENGERS

WERE PILGRIMSThe rest were

commoners hoping for a

better life.

PILGRIMSSong

JUUUUST MISSED….• NOVEMBER 1620-

LOOKING FOR VIRGINIA, BLOWN OFF COURSE TO MASSACHUSETS

• NO REAL TIME TO GET BACK ON TRACK (NOVEMBER) THEY DECIDE TO STAY

• NAMED COLONY PLYMOUTH

MAYFLOWER COMPACT

• DRAFTED TO UNITE “SAINTS AND STRANGERS”

• PLEDGED LOYALTY TO ENGLAND

• PROMISED TO OBEY LAWS ESTABLISHED FOR THE GOOD OF THE COLONY

• IMPORTANT STEP IN DEVELOPING GOVERNMENT IN THE AMERICAS

William Bradfordleader and historian of Plymouth

FIRST WINTER

PILGRIMS BARELY SURVIVENEARLY HALF DIE OF

MALNUTRITION AND DISEASE

SQUANTO AND SAMOSETWAMPANOAGS (WAHMP-UH-NOGS) • WERE

FRIENDLY WITH THE PILGRIMS

• TAUGHT THEM HOW TO FARM, HUNT, AND FISH

THE 1ST “THANKSGIVING”Thanksgiving Did You Know?

PURITANS IN ENGLAND

• WANTED TO PURIFY THE ANGLICAN CHURCH -

• KING CHARLES I IN POWER• TREATED PURITANS WORSE

THAN THE KING BEFORE

MASSACHUSETTS BAY COMPANY

• JOHN WINTHROP – GOVERNOR• CREATE A SOCIETY BASED ON THE

BIBLE• 900 MEN, WOMEN, AND

CHILDREN• SETTLED IN BOSTON – City on a Hill• Matthew 5:14, Jesus tells his

listeners, "You are the light of the world. A city that is set on a hill cannot be hidden."

• John Winthrop quoted Matthew while on board the Arabella.

GREAT MIGRATION – 1630s15,000 PURITANS CAME TO MASS. TO ESCAPE ENGLISH PERSECUTION

RELIGIOUS FREEDOM?

• LEFT ENGLAND SO THEY COULD PRACTICE THE WAY THEY WANTED TO

• DIDN’T TOLERATE OTHER BELIEFS

CONNECTICUT

• 1636 MINISTER THOMAS HOOKER LEFT MASSACHUSETTS WITH HIS CONGREGATION

• He didn’t agree with Winthrop and other Puritan leaders

• FOUNDED HARTFORD• BETTER FARMLAND IN CONNECTICUT

RHODE ISLAND• 1635 ROGER WILLIAMS GOT KICKED

OUT OF MASSACHUSETTS• THOUGHT PEOPLE SHOULD PRACTICE

WHATEVER RELIGIOUS BELIEFS THEY WANTED

• SHOULDN’T TAKE LAND FROM NATIVES

• GOT LAND FROM A LOCAL TRIBE• BECAME A “SAFE” PLACE FOR PEOPLE

LOOKING FOR RELIGIOUS FREEDOM

CONFLICT WITH NATIVES• ENGLISH SETTLERS DIDN’T RESPECT LAND

BOUNDARIES• NO PERMISSION/ PAYMENT• 1636- PEQUOT WAR• 1675- KING PHILLIP’S WAR

PEQUOT WAR

–2 traders killed on Pequot land

–Mass sent troops to punish natives

–Pequot retaliated and killed 9 people in Conn.–Troops burned main Pequot village, killing

100s

KING PHILLIP’S WAR

• VS WAMPANOAGS• METACOMET

(KING PHILLIP)• SETTLERS + NATIVE ALLIES COMBINE TO

DEFEAT THE WAMPANOAGS• TOOK ALL POWER AWAY FROM NATIVES IN

NEW ENGLAND

SALEM WITCH TRIALS

• 1692• YOUNG GIRLS CLAIMED TO BE POSSESSED BY

THE DEVIL• ACCUSED OTHERS OF WITCHCRAFT (150)• 19 HANGED FOR BEING WITCHES• Ergot?