Ch 20 Sec 3- Ch 20 Sec 3- LBJ The Great LBJ The Great

SocietySociety1963-19681963-1968

Essential Questions:Essential Questions: What political path led LBJ to the White What political path led LBJ to the White

House?House? What were the goals of the Great What were the goals of the Great

Society?Society? What were some of the major programs What were some of the major programs

of the Great Society?of the Great Society? How did the Supreme Court reflect the How did the Supreme Court reflect the

wave of liberal reform that wave of liberal reform that characterized the Great Society?characterized the Great Society?

How were the rights of the accused How were the rights of the accused expanded?expanded?

What was the short term and long term What was the short term and long term impact of Great Society programs?impact of Great Society programs?

LBJ’s Path to PowerLBJ’s Path to Power LBJ ran for Congress as a “New Dealer” LBJ ran for Congress as a “New Dealer”

in 1937in 1937 In 1948 LBJ won a seat in the US SenateIn 1948 LBJ won a seat in the US Senate LBJ was a master of party politics and LBJ was a master of party politics and

behind the scenes political maneuveringbehind the scenes political maneuvering LBJ efforts helped the Civil Rights Act of LBJ efforts helped the Civil Rights Act of

1957 to be passed1957 to be passed LBJ was JFK running mate in 1960LBJ was JFK running mate in 1960 After JFK’s assassination LBJ urged After JFK’s assassination LBJ urged

Congress to pass the civil rights and Congress to pass the civil rights and tax-cut bills that JFK had sent to tax-cut bills that JFK had sent to CongressCongress

In Feb. 1964 Congress In Feb. 1964 Congress passed a tax cut which passed a tax cut which spurred economic spurred economic growth and lowered growth and lowered the budget deficitthe budget deficit

In July, LBJ pushed In July, LBJ pushed through the through the Civil Civil Rights Act of 1964Rights Act of 1964 which prohibited which prohibited discrimination based discrimination based on race, religion, sex, on race, religion, sex, and gave the federal and gave the federal government new government new powers of enforcementpowers of enforcement

The War on PovertyThe War on Poverty Early in 1964 LBJ had declared a Early in 1964 LBJ had declared a War War

on Povertyon Poverty In Aug. 1964 Congress passed the In Aug. 1964 Congress passed the

Economic Opportunity Act (EOAEconomic Opportunity Act (EOA) ) which provided $1 billion for youth which provided $1 billion for youth programs, antipoverty measures, programs, antipoverty measures, small-business loans, and job trainingsmall-business loans, and job training

(EOA) created:(EOA) created:– Job Corps Youth Training ProgramsJob Corps Youth Training Programs– VISTAVISTA –Volunteers in Service to America –Volunteers in Service to America– Project Head StartProject Head Start – Ed. For – Ed. For

underprivileged kidsunderprivileged kids– Community Action Programs (CAPS)Community Action Programs (CAPS)

The Election of 1964The Election of 1964 LBJ (D) Vs Barry Goldwater (R)LBJ (D) Vs Barry Goldwater (R) Goldwater believed the federal Goldwater believed the federal

government had no business trying to government had no business trying to right the wrongs of poverty , right the wrongs of poverty , discrimination, and economic discrimination, and economic opportunityopportunity

Goldwater wanted to make Social Goldwater wanted to make Social Security voluntary, and sell the TVASecurity voluntary, and sell the TVA

Goldwater mentioned he might use Goldwater mentioned he might use nuclear weapons on Cuba and Vietnamnuclear weapons on Cuba and Vietnam

LBJ won in a landslide and the LBJ won in a landslide and the Democrats increased their majority in Democrats increased their majority in CongressCongress

LBJ launches The Great LBJ launches The Great SocietySociety LBJ wanted to end poverty and racial LBJ wanted to end poverty and racial

injusticeinjustice The Elementary and Secondary The Elementary and Secondary

Education Act of 1965Education Act of 1965 provided $1 provided $1 billion in aid to help public and billion in aid to help public and parochial schoolsparochial schools

MedicareMedicare provided low-cost health provided low-cost health benefits to Americans 65 or olderbenefits to Americans 65 or older

MedicaidMedicaid extended health insurance extended health insurance to the poor or welfare recipientsto the poor or welfare recipients

Department of Housing and Urban Department of Housing and Urban DevelopmentDevelopment was established was established (HUD)(HUD)

240,000 low rent public houses, and $ 240,000 low rent public houses, and $

The Great Society IIThe Great Society II The Immigration Act of 1965The Immigration Act of 1965 opened opened

the door for many non-European the door for many non-European immigrants to settle in the US by immigrants to settle in the US by ending the quotas of the 1920’s ending the quotas of the 1920’s based on nationalitybased on nationality

The Water Quality Act of 1965The Water Quality Act of 1965 required states to clean up rivers, it required states to clean up rivers, it resulted from Rachel Carson’s resulted from Rachel Carson’s Silent Silent SpringSpring about pesticides, and spurred about pesticides, and spurred the environmental movement the environmental movement

Congress established safety Congress established safety standards for cars as a result of standards for cars as a result of Ralph Nadar’s Ralph Nadar’s Unsafe at Any SpeedUnsafe at Any Speed

The Wholesome Meat Act of 1967 The Wholesome Meat Act of 1967 The Truth in Packaging Act of 1966The Truth in Packaging Act of 1966

Other Great Society Other Great Society ProgramsPrograms The Higher Education Act of 1965The Higher Education Act of 1965

funded scholarships and low-interest funded scholarships and low-interest loans for college studentsloans for college students

National Foundation for the Arts and National Foundation for the Arts and the Humanities Actthe Humanities Act of 1965 was of 1965 was created to assistance to painters, created to assistance to painters, musicians, actors, and other artistsmusicians, actors, and other artists

Corporation of Public BroadcastingCorporation of Public Broadcasting 19671967

The Voting Rights Act of 1965The Voting Rights Act of 1965 The Highway Safety Act of 1966The Highway Safety Act of 1966 The Air Quality Act of 1967The Air Quality Act of 1967

The Warren CourtThe Warren Court Chief Justice Chief Justice Earl WarrenEarl Warren Brown vs. The Board of Education – Brown vs. The Board of Education –

19541954 Banned Segregation in public Banned Segregation in public schoolsschools

Banned state sanctioned prayer in Banned state sanctioned prayer in public schoolspublic schools

Declared Loyalty Oaths Declared Loyalty Oaths unconstitutionalunconstitutional

Baker Vs Carr 1962Baker Vs Carr 1962 and and Reynolds Vs Reynolds Vs Simms 1964Simms 1964 stated that Federal stated that Federal Courts could tell states to redivide Courts could tell states to redivide their districts for more equal their districts for more equal representation (representation (Reapportionment – Reapportionment – the drawing of election districts) “One the drawing of election districts) “One Person, one Vote.”Person, one Vote.”

Rights of the AccusedRights of the Accused Mapp Vs Ohio (1961)Mapp Vs Ohio (1961) Evidence seized Evidence seized

illegally could not be used in state illegally could not be used in state courtscourts

Gideon Vs Wainwright ( 1963)Gideon Vs Wainwright ( 1963) Free legal Free legal council to those who cannot afford itcouncil to those who cannot afford it

Escobedo Vs Illinois (1964Escobedo Vs Illinois (1964) Accused ) Accused person has the right for a lawyer to be person has the right for a lawyer to be present during questioningpresent during questioning

Miranda Vs Arizona ( 1966Miranda Vs Arizona ( 1966) All suspects ) All suspects must have their rights read must have their rights read

Liberals praised the decisions, Liberals praised the decisions, Conservatives hated the decisions Conservatives hated the decisions because they impeded police officersbecause they impeded police officers

Impact of the Great Impact of the Great SocietySociety Poverty fell from 21% in 1962 to 11% in Poverty fell from 21% in 1962 to 11% in

19731973 Spending for the Great Society increased Spending for the Great Society increased

the growing year to year budget deficitthe growing year to year budget deficit Limited $ reached poor people due to Limited $ reached poor people due to

complex programs that were tough to complex programs that were tough to implementimplement

Disillusioned inner city residents rioted Disillusioned inner city residents rioted in protestin protest

A Conservative backlash began to take A Conservative backlash began to take shape (Reagan Gov. of Ca 1966)shape (Reagan Gov. of Ca 1966)

Vietnam War overshadowed it and took $Vietnam War overshadowed it and took $