THE START OF THE WAR

• Lincoln felt that the Union was permanent and therefore, secession was not possible

• Lincoln hoped to reconcile the sections but would fight if necessary

• Fort Sumter was a federal (Union) fort in the Confederacy

• What was Lincoln going to do with it?

• Lincoln sent supplies to Fort Sumter• He sent a note to the governor of South

Carolina before he sent it

• Confederates fired canons at Fort Sumter• Union surrendered

• Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteer soldiers• The border states had to decide if they would

join the Confederacy or the Union.• Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and

Tennessee seceded

West Virginia

• Western part of Virginia opposed secession• Joined the Union as West Virginia

Maryland

• If Maryland seceded, the capitol of the Union would be in the Confederacy

• Lincoln declared martial law on Maryland• Maryland didn’t have much choice but to stay

in the Union

Causes of the Civil War

1. Union vs. Independence

• Did states have the right to secede?

• South felt that the rights and liberties of the states must be preserved, even at the expense of the Union

• The North felt that the Union must be preserved above all else

2. Slavery

• Slavery was not the PRIMARY cause of the war

• North were afraid of what Emancipation would mean to the Northern job market

• South felt that the North was just interfering with their lives

Who would win?

RESOURCES• North had more people• North had crops that could sustain people (not

cash crops)• North had 2x the railroad mileage• North had 5x number of factories• North had 10x number of industrial workers

COMMANDING LEADERS• South had superior military leadership

STRATEGY• North’s plan was the Anaconda Plan. – Slowly cut off the Confederacy’s ability to make

war

• South’s plan was to outlast the enemy’s will to fight