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TRANSCRIPT
French and Indian War
Who was fighting?
• British vs. French and Indians
Why were they fighting?
• Both wanted control of the rich fisheries off the coast of Newfoundland
• Both wanted control of fur trade west of Appalachian Mountains
• They wanted to control the Ohio River Valley
The French
• Advantages1. The colonial government was strong2. Had forts at strategic points3. Well trained army4. Support of Indians
• Disadvantages– Hard to defend because so spread out
The British
• Advantages1. Had more people than the French2. English Navy was strongest in world3. Had support of Iroquois
• Disadvantages– Lack of unity
French and Indian War
• Actually a series of 4 wars fought between England and France that moved to the colonies
• Neither side could gain the upper hand until the last war called the French and Indian War. Also called the Seven Years’ War
• Virginians started to build a fort at the mouth of the Ohio River
• George Washington was sent to protect them• Before he could get there, the French chase
them off and finish the fort themselves• They named it Fort Duquesne
• George Washington had to retreat and built Fort Necessity
• He was defeated
Fort Necessity
Fort Duquesne
Fort Necessity
How did they fight?
• The Indians used guerilla warfare• The British used fighting in ranks
Albany Plan
• Benjamin Franklin suggested it• It was to have delegates from each colony to
help with governing it• Both British and colonies rejected it
• British try to take back Fort Duquesne• The British were led by General Edward
Braddock• George Washington was second in command• Braddock insisted on fighting in ranks• He lost
General Braddock’s burial
• William Pitt became the new Prime Minister of Britain.
• His Plan:1. Replace old generals with young ones2. Agreed to pay for outfitting of colonists as
soldiers3. Attack Quebec
William Pitt
• The British take back Fort Duquesne and rename it Fort Pitt
Washington planting flag on Fort Duquesne
Quebec
• British General James Wolfe laid siege to Quebec
• The French were just going to wait it out till winter
• 4000 British troops scale the walls in the middle of the night
• French commander Marquis de Montcalm attacks, but its no use
Montcalm rallying troops before Quebec
General Wolfe
• Battle is called the Plains of Abraham• Both Wolfe and Montcalm die in the battle
Death of Montcalm
Death of General Wolfe
Peace of Paris
• Ended the French and Indian War• France gave up all land east of Mississippi• Britain gained control of Canada and Florida• Spain gets Louisiana Territory for losing Florida
Prior to French and Indian War
After Treaty of Paris