aroma therapy in ayurveda · 2014-03-14 · n.srikanth assistant director central council for...
TRANSCRIPT
N.SRIKANTH ASS I STANT D IRECTOR
CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN AYURVEDIC SC IENCES
DEPARTMENT OF AYUSH
M INISTRY OF HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
AROMA THERAPY
IN AYURVEDA CONCEPT AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS
1
START OF PROCESS
Natural products
Botanical
Animal
Mineral
origins from India have initiated the scientific quest of Drugs since antiquity.
2
START OF PROCESS EVOLUTION OF INDIAN PHARMACOPEIA
3
Period Plants Remarks on changes Literature
3000 BC - 1000 BC
289 Building a Pharmacopoea (Atharvaveda)
Vedic texts
1500 BC - 500 AD
650 Incorporation / discarding drugs
Ayurvedic Texts •Charaka Samhita •Sushrut Samhita •Astanga Samgraha
500 AD- 1900 AD
2000 Incorporation / discarding drugs Varieties identified Substitutes identified Expansion in applications
16 major Nighantus (like Dhanvantari Bhavprakasha, Raja upto Shaligram)
India is having the world’s richest flora, comprising of about 120 families of plants, comprising
1,30,000 species.
Ayurvedic texts cover about 2400 species of plants with their medicinal uses as described
by ancient Indian medical scholars.
10,000 herbs are used worldwide for medicinal purposes
Susruta’s Approach: Reverse Pharmacology
Test intervention (Tallingatwat)
Feasibility; observational design (Dristhaphalatwat)
System validation (Agamaatsya)
4 ROOTS OF CLINICAL
EXPERIMENTATION AND DRUG TRIALS
ROOTS OF CLINICAL
EXPERIMENTATION AND DRUG TRIALS
Charaka’s Approach: Meticulous design & Emphasis on Reproducibility
Feasible ideology / Hypothesis
(Budhi psyathi ya bhavaan)
Multi dimensional approach in planning & assessment (Bahu karana yogajaan)
Appropriate design (Yukti-Yogna)
Perpetually valid outcome and reproducibility (Yuktih trikalah)
5
START OF PROCESS
Some of the Ayurvedic plants
Interesting leads for drug discovery
Structural modifications of active principles leading to a cascade of new “chemical” drugs
In global use and pharmacology research
6
PHYTO CHEMICAL CLASS
7
Source: Ehrman et al, J Chem Inf Model 2007; 47(2):254-263
MARKET POTENTIAL
Market comprising of Ayurvedic, Unani, Siddha & Homoeopathic medicine is around US $ 1.5 billion Rs 8800 Crore.
Approximate share of Ayurvedic formulations is 84% (Homeopathy 14%, Unani 2% and Siddha less than 1%.)
8
USE OF TRADITIONAL
MEDICINE 9
CHINA 40%
CHILE 71%
COLUMBIA 40%
INDIA 80-90%*
AUSTRALIA 48%
BELGIUM 70%
CANADA 70%
FRANCE 49%
USA 42%
UK 70%
NORTH IRELAND 90%
*Status and Role of AYUSH and Local Health Traditions Under National Rural Health Mission- Report of a Study; National Health Systems Resource Centre, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India New Delhi; 2010
WHO traditional medicine strategy 2002-2005. Document WHO/EDM/TRM/2002.
AROMA THERAPY
AROMA indicates Fragrance & therapy denotes treatment.
The therapy in which Aromatic material is used called Aromatherapy.
10
FOUR MAJOR AREAS OF
APPLICATIONS 11
SNo. Areas Details
1 Aesthetic Role in beauty and skin care
2 Psychological Effects on moods /feelings
3 Holistic Body mind and sprit integration
4 Medical Maintenance of homoeostasis
AROMA THERAPY –
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 12
SNo. Details Period
1 Vedic period 3000 BC.
2 Ayurveda samhitas 1500 BC - 500 AD
3 Egyptian papyri 1555 BC
4 Shine medical book 2700 BC.
5 Avicenna(Arabia) 980 AD-1037AD
6. 16 major Nighantus (like Dhanvantari Bhavprakasha, Raja upto Shaligram)
500 AD- 1900 AD
AROMA THERAPY -
HISTORICAL OUTLOOK
Antiquity of use of medicinal and aromatic plants, poly herbal, mineral based formulations for therapeutic and cosmetic purpose goes back to the Vedic period
Vedic literatures recount about
Nutritive
Immune enhancing
actions attributed to aromatic properties
13
‘Sugandhim Pustivardhanam’
A mention of importance of cosmetics is highlighted in Mantras and descriptions on gods and goddesses.
Number of Aromatic plants/ preparations have been in use for
Psychosomatic disorders
As antimicrobial agents
As antiseptics
14 AROMA THERAPY -
HISTORICAL OUTLOOK
AROMA THERAPY -
HISTORICAL OUTLOOK
Description of medicinal and cosmetic utility plants viz
Kustha (Sassurea lappa)
Chandana (Santalam album)
Kumkum (Crocus sativus)
can be traced from oldest Indian literatures like Upanishads, epics, etc. Many cosmetics are described which are
aromatic in nature.
15
16
Lord Dhanvantari the God of Ayurveda is the Incarnation of Lord Vishnu.
Their description denotes the importance and uses of Aromatic material like
Kasturi Tilakam
Chandan Lepanam etc.
Gandhamadan, a mountain named after so, harboring ample fragrant plants (Ramayan, Vagbhata)
AROMA THERAPY -
HISTORICAL OUTLOOK
17 AROMA THERAPY - HISTORICAL OUTLOOK
ANTI MICROBIAL ACTIVITY
18 AROMA THERAPY -
HISTORICAL OUTLOOK
ANTI MICROBIAL ACTIVITY
19 AROMA THERAPY -
HISTORICAL OUTLOOK
ANTI MICROBIAL ACTIVITY
20
ANTI MICROBIAL ACTIVITY
AROMA THERAPY -
HISTORICAL OUTLOOK
21 AROMA THERAPY - HISTORICAL OUTLOOK
CONCEPT OF AROMA IN AYURVEDA
Aroma - as an integral component of Prithvi Mahabhuta attributed with Gandha Guna (fragrance)
Categorized as
Surabhi (compatible )
Asurabhi(incompatible)
Therapeutic Value:A number of aromatic plant, animal & mineral sources attributed with medicinal value.
Relevance in Anatomical applications (Phana Marma)
22
CONCEPT….
Specific pharmaceutical dosage forms to retain the aroma of the drugs. (Arka, Hima, Phanta etc.)
Numerous pharmaceutical & clinical applications
Special routes of administration of dosage forms pertaining to aromatic properties
Personal, Social & Environmental Hygiene and preventive health care
23
APPLICATIONS OF AROMA
THERAPY IN AYURVEDA
Ayurvedic literatures mention the following wide-ranging applications of Aroma in Health Care System:
Preventive health
Environmental Health
Public health
Pharmaceuticals
Therapeutics
24
APPLICATIONS IN
PREVENTIVE HEALTH
Utility of garlands enriched with aromatic flowers
as a part of daily regime (Ch. Su. 5/96)
Inhaling flavors/fumes of aromatic medicinal plants as a daily regime
Prescribed to stay in gardens having aromatic flowers in summer seasons as a part of seasonal regime
Fumigation of clothing with aromatic plants/products
Avoidance of exposure to excessive/improper smells/flavors
25
APPLICATIONS IN
ENVIRONMENTAL & PUBLIC
HEALTH
Purification of water with aromatic
herbs
Fumigating the environment with
aromatic plants/products to prevent
epidemics/infectious diseases
Sterilizing the labour rooms, Pediatric
wards & OTs with antimicrobial aromatic
plants (Dashang Dhoopa)
26
APPLICATIONS IN PHARMACEUTICS
Evolution of specialized dosage forms for aromatic
herbs to retain their medicinal properties (Arka
etc.)
Fumigating the containers with aromatic
plants/products to prevent contamination &
infestations
Sterilizing the Drug store rooms, with Anti-
microbial aromatic plants
Determining the Pharmaceutical
specifications/end-points of manufacturing
processes of various dosage forms (Avaleha &
medicated oil/ghee etc.)
27
APPLICATIONS IN PHARMACEUTICS
Addition of aromatic excipients/Treatment of
distillates of aromatic medicinal herbs
according to targeted indications (Arka)
- For Vata Disorders : Guggulu
- For Pitta Disorders : Chandana
- For Kapha Disorders : Jatamamsi
Use of aromatic excipients for patients’
compliance/acceptability
Treating the oils with aromatic plants/products
before utilizing them for manufacture (taila and ghrita murchana)
28
APPLICATIONS IN THERAPEUTICS
Fumigation for wound-healing
Fumigation to prevent & manage infectious & contagious diseases
Induction of emesis (Madanaphala-Lotus)
Aphrodisiac agents
29
Nardostachys jatamansi
Nasal Administration of certain medicaments
Management of headache
Management of psychotic disorders to restore the consciousness
e.g. Restoring consciousness of Lakshman is an example of application of aromatic nasal medicaments as narrated in Ramayana.
30
APPLICATIONS IN THERAPEUTICS
31 SOME AYURVEDIC AROMATIC
MEDICINAL PLANTS
32
Aromatic Plant Therapeutic Indication
Karpoora (Cinnamomum camphora)
Ophthalmic Use , Obesity
Kasturi(Moschus moschiferus) Eye, Perfumes
Chandana (Santalum album) Cardiac tonic, Cosmetic
Aguru (Aquaria agalocha) Eye and Ear Diseases
Kunkuma (Crocus sativus) Hiccough, headache, Wound healing, Cosmetic purposes
Jatiphala (Mysterica fragrans) Throat problems, Anti-infective, cough, cold
SOME AYURVEDIC AROMATIC
MEDICINAL PLANTS
33
Aromatic Plant Therapeutic Indication
Jatipatri (Mysterica fragrans) Anti-toxic, Anti-infective
Lavanga (Syzigium aromaticum) Eye diseases, Cardiac tonic
Ela (Elatorum cardamomum) Anti-toxic, Respiratory disorders, cardiac & urinary disorders
Tamalapatra (Cinnamonum tamala)
Anti-toxic, Respiratory disorders, cardiac & urinary disorders
Twak(Syzigium zeylanicum)
Anti-toxic, Respiratory disorders, cardiac & urinary disorders
Nagakeshara (Mesua feria) Perfume, Skin diseases,
SOME AYURVEDIC AROMATIC
MEDICINAL PLANTS
34
Aromatic Plant
Therapeutic Indication
Talisapatra(Abbies webiana) Respiratory Diseases, Arthritis,
Jatamansi (Nordostachys jatamamsi)
Blood purifier, Skin disorders
Usheera(Vetivaria zizanoides) Skin diseases, Wound healing, Urinary problems,
Guggulu(Commiphora mukul) Wound healing, Obesity, Arthritis, Skin diseases
Shathi (Curcuma zedoria) Skin diseases, Blood purifier
Tagara(Valleriana wallichi) Anti-infective, Anti-toxic, eye diseases
SOME AYURVEDIC AROMATIC
MEDICINAL PLANTS
35
Aromatic Plant Therapeutic Indication
Padma (Nulimbo nucifera) Blood Purifier, Anti-toxic, skin diseases
Jati (Jasminum humile) Wound healing, Dental problems, Blood purifier
Champaka (Michelia champa)
Urinary disorders, blood purifier
Tulasi(Ocimum sanctum) Skin diseases, Urinary disorders, Blood purifier, Anti-infective
SOME AYURVEDIC AROMATIC
MEDICINAL PLANTS
36 THERAPEUTIC VALUES OF
ESSENTIAL OILS
THERAPEUTIC VALUES OF
ESSENTIAL OILS 37
Arka prakasha, ancient book on Ayurveda contributed by Ravana has elaborated the importance of
- therapeutic utility of essential oils
-pharmaceutical SOPs for preparations of distillates from aromatic plants for
topical and internal use.
ROLE OF ESSENTIAL OILS IN
AROMA THERAPY
38
Skin health care
Emotional care(Relieving stress)
Respiratory diseases
Muscular pain
Digestive disorders
Anti-inflammatory
Hormonal balance
ROLE OF AROMA…… 39
Aroma therapy may acts as:
An add on or adjuvant therapy with conventional medicine
Supports emotionally during main therapy
CLASSIFICATION
OF AROMATIC DRUGS
Aromatic Drugs may be Organic or Inorganic
Organic –Animal Origin
Musk
Ambar (Dried Intestinal material of whale)
Inorganic
Clay from specific places like Padmaj Panka.
(Mud surrounding Lotus).
Multani Mitti
40
HERBAL & OTHER MATERIAL
41
Pandanus odorotissinus – ketaki
Jasminum officinale – Jati
Rosa centifolia – Taruni
Cinnamomum – Dalchini
Cummin Seeds – Jiram
Alpinia galanga – Kulinjan’
42
• Cyperus Rotundus – Nut grass • Curcuma longa – Haldi • Sussurea lappa – kushtha • Nelumbo nucifera –Sacred lotus • Santalum Album – Sandlewood • Citrus medica – Matulunga • Aqualaria agollocha – Agaru • Crocus sativus – Kesar
HERBAL & OTHER MATERIAL
43
Curcuma longa
44
• Pterocarpus santalum – Red Sandal
• Butea monosperma – Palash
• Nymphaea stellata – Nilkamal
• Zingiber officinale - Dry ginger
• Cidrus Deodara – Deodar
• Michelia chapaca – Champa
HERBAL & OTHER MATERIAL
45
•Vetivera zizanioidis – Ushira •Shorea robusta - Sarjarasa (Ral)
•Piper longum – Pippali
•Piper nigrum – Maricha
•Madhuca indica – Mahuva
•Cinnamonum tamala - Tejpatra
HERBAL & OTHER MATERIAL
46
•Mesua ferrea – Nagkesar
•Callicarpa macrophylla – Priyangu
•Psoralia corylifolia – Bakuchi
•Feronia limonia – Kapittha patra
•Nardostachys jatamansi – Jatamansi
•Anethumsova – Shatpushpa
•Ellettaria cardamonum – Ela
•Parmelia perlata – stone flowers
(clove)
HERBAL & OTHER MATERIAL
47
Nardostachys jatamansi
Mesua ferrea
AYURVEDIC PREPARATIONS
CONTAINING AROMATIC HERBS
Most of the above class drugs are described
in many diseases
But their main use is in
Respiratory
Cardiac
Aphrodisiac
Cosmetic &
Oral preparations
48
RESPIRATORY AROMATIC
PREPARATIONS
49
• Karpurasava
• Trijatakvati
• Tulsi tailam,
• Jivandhara inhalation
CARDIAC AROMATIC
PREPARATIONS
50
• Cinnamonum camphora
Preparations
• Kasturibhairav Rasa,
• Kasturibhushan rasa
• Brihat Drakshasava
• Vidari Ghritam
• Kesharadivati
• Chaturbhujrasa
AROMATIC ORAL & DENTAL
PREPARATIONS
MOUTH FRESHENER/ PASTE/POWDERS
51
•Krishnadi chuarnam
• Jatipatradi churnam
• Dantarogashani churnam
• Pathadhy churnam
• Beejpur yoga
• Mundyadi churnam
• Kushthadi yoga
• Sarivapatra churnam
FACIAL COMPLEXION
ENHANCER
52
52
•Sharpunkhadi lepa
•Jatiphal lepa
•Lodhradi lepa
•Sarshapadi lepa
•Vatpatradi lepa
• Kunkumadi Lepa
•Vatadi Lepa
•Haritaladi Lepa
•Yavadi Lepa
•Ankolabijadi Lepa
•Jatiphaldi Lepa
•Chandanadi Lepa
•Aaranya tulsi Lepa
53
FACIAL COMPLEXION
ENHANCER
54
55
HAIR CARE AROMATIC
PREPARATIONS
56
• Gokshuradi lepa
• Nilopalodyo lepa
• Bhringadilepa
• Mansyadi lepa
• Ayorajadi lepa
• Madhukadi lepa
• Marsdenia tenacissima
• Marichadi lepa
• Yashtyadi lepa
• Karanjali tailam
• Ral tailam
• Vachadi tailam
• Madan tailam
• Padmabijadi Yoga
• Eladilepa
• Karvirlepa
• Karpuradilepa
• Bhallatakadi lepa
• Marichadi lepa
• Vajravallilepa
• Shunthyadi lepa
• Marichadi lepa
• Vajravalli lepa
• Shunthyadi lepa
• Manhashivadi lepa
• Maharastripadi lepa
HAIR CARE AROMATIC
PREPARATIONS
AROMATIC PREPARATIONS
IN SEXUAL DISORDERS 58
• Paninashak tailam
• Rativallabhakhya tailam
• Brahad bringaraj tailam
• Mahamasha tailam
•Gadhikaran yoga
•Gadhikaran lepa
•Sthulikaran lepa
• Ashvagandhaditailam
• Alambushadya tailam
• Karisadya tailam
• Ajaypal tailam
• Palashbij tailam
AROMATIC PREPARATIONS –
METHODS AND FORMS
59
Bath
Add 5-6 drops of E.O. to almond base oil and
add to your bath water.
Hand & Foot bath
Add 2-3 drops of E.O. to 5 ml. Pure almond
oil/milk. Mix this with 200 ml. Warm water in a
bowel and soak your hand or feet for 15-20
minutes.
Massage
Select any E.O. as per the condition add 5 to 20
ml. of almond oil and use for massage, this is
beneficial for massage of scalp and face but for
other parts or whole body massage use ginger or
coconut oil mixed with E.O.
AROMATIC PREPARATIONS –
METHODS AND FORMS
60
Massage
Select any E.O. as per the condition add 5 to 20 ml.
of almond oil and use for massage, this is beneficial
for massage of scalp and face but for other parts or
whole body massage use ginger or coconut oil
mixed with E.O.
Vaporisers
Add 6-10 drops of selected E.O. to warm water in oil
burner and light it, the generated vapors will give
desired effects.
61
Inhalations
Add 2-3 drops of E.O. to a bowl of boiling water, cover your head and
the bowl with towel, the vaporized steam will act through respiration.
Infusions
Used for delicate aromatic herbs, leaves, flowers etc. Preparing an
infusion is like making a cup of tea.
The boiled water poured over an herb or mixture of herbs,
it is covered to 10 to 15 minutes and then can be consuming.
Decoctions
This is used for tougher and more fibrous plant material. Instead of
steeping in hot water, the plant material is boiled for a longer time to
soften the hard woody material and release active constituents.
AROMATIC PREPARATIONS –
METHODS AND FORMS
62
Tinctures
A tincture is an alcohol and water extract used when the
plants active chemicals are not very soluble in water. The
shelf-life of tinctures is more.
Macerations
Dried aromatic plant material is covered in cool water
and soaked overnight. The herb strained oil and the
liquid is taken.
Poultices and compresses
To relieve local pain or overcome poultices and
compresses are used.
AROMATIC PREPARATIONS –
METHODS AND FORMS
AROMATIC
MATERIAL & THERAPEUTIC USES
63
Aromatic
Material
Therapeutic Uses
Tulsi Respiratory problems
Mental fatigue and poor memory
Useful in spastic muscle
Relives mental tension
Bergamot
it is very much useful it contains more them 300 chemical constituents
Acne, boils, cold sores, eczema, insect bites
psoriasis, insect repellent, scabies, wound,
ulcers, sore throat
Depression refreshing mind
Birch
Muscle and joint pain
Increase awareness in the sensory system
Clove
Useful in respiratory disorders
Toothaches
Improves oral hygiene
64
Coriander Anti-inflammatory
Mild sedative action
Cypress
Anti-inflammatory
Heals emotions
Urinary diseases
Davana
Skin smoother
Endocrine stimulator and improver
Hormonal balance
Anti-bacterial
Dill
Bronchitis
Hepato-protective
Supports pancreatic function
Eucalyptus
Health promoter
Bronchitis, cold
Oral hygiene
Euphoric
AROMATIC
MATERIAL & THERAPEUTIC USES
65
Corupe front
Digestive disorders
Obesity
Relieves negativity
Helicrysum Tissue regenerative
Analgesic
Skin care
Euphoric
Hyssop
Anti-inflammatory
Anti-viral
Mucolytic and expectorant
Anti-parasitic
Scat softening
Anti-bacterial
Jasmine
Skin care
Frigidity
Depression
Myalgia
Enhances optimism
Euphonic
AROMATIC
MATERIAL & THERAPEUTIC USES
66
Lavender
Burns, rash, psoriasis
Insomnia
PMS
Fennel
Relieves PMS and menopausal symptoms
Feels well being
Detoxification
Fir
Arthritis
Bronchitis
Anti-infective
Frankincense Used since time of Lord Christa
Helps in meditation and spiritual awareness
Galbanum
Anti-viral
Supports body strength
AROMATIC
MATERIAL & THERAPEUTIC USES
67
Ginger Arthritis
Myalgia
Congestion
Bronchitis
Indigestion
Motion sickness
Nausea
Anti-inflammatory
Lymphatic edema
Geranium
Regenerate tissue and nerves
Skin care
Balancing hormones
Release negative memories
Lemon
Digestive problems
Air purifier
Feels energetic
Lemon
Grass
Digestive problems
Regenerate connective tissue
Creates awareness
AROMATIC
MATERIAL & THERAPEUTIC USES
AROMATIC
MATERIAL & THERAPEUTIC USES
68
Myrrh
Skin care
Bronchitis
Oral hygiene
Digestive problems
Nutmeg
Analgesic nausea anti-infective
Overcome frigidity and
Relieves nervous fatigue
Orange
Stomatitis
Dyspepsia
Cold
Emotional support
Patchouli
Anti-rinkle
Release anxiety
Aphrodisiac
Pipper
Stimulates endocrine system
Mucolytic and expectorant
Arthritis
Increases cellular oxygenation
Peppermint Nausea, vomiting
Phyarangitis
Oral hygiene
Rose
Detoxicating
Brings body-mind balance
Anti-haemorrhagic
Prevention scarring
Bronchitis
Anti-urinkle
Creating sense of well-being
Sandalwood
Similar to frankincense helps
in meditation.
Burning micturation
Removes negative thinking
Thyme
Supports immune system
Overcome physical weakness
Digestive disorders
White Lotus
Spiritual and emotional support
Supports immune system
Anti-cancer
Euphoric
Pious feeling
69
AROMATIC
MATERIAL & THERAPEUTIC USES
Chemical
Compounds of Essential Oils
Therapeutic Properties
Aldehydes
Releasing, calming and sedative, Anti-inflammatory Anti-septic, Anti-microbial
Phenols Highly anti-septic and anti-microbial Stimulating immune system
Sesquiterpenol Mood balancing, Anti-inflammatory Immune system enhancer
Ketones
Mind relaxer, Mucolytic and expectorant supporting respiratory system, Stimulates cell regeneration
Esters Mind relaxer, Anti-spasmodic, Anti-fungal Alcohol Anti-bacterial, Anti-viral Monoterpenes
Detoxifying, Diuretic, Anti-septic, Anti-viral, Anti-inflammatory Analgesic, Anti-spasmodic, Immunity stimulator
Azulene Anti-histaminic, Highly anti-inflammatory, Promoting healing
Bisabolol Is the strongest sesquifterpene, Anti-bacterial, Anti-fungal, Anti-inflammatory
70
AROMATIC
MATERIAL & THERAPEUTIC USES
71
Chemical Compounds of Essential Oils
Therapeutic Properties
Aldehydes
Releasing, calming and sedative, Anti-inflammatory Anti-septic, Anti-microbial
Phenols Highly anti-septic and anti-microbial Stimulating immune system
Sesquiterpenol
Mood balancing, Anti-inflammatory Immune system enhancer
Ketones
Mind relaxer, Mucolytic and expectorant supporting respiratory system, Stimulates cell regeneration
Esters Mind relaxer, Anti-spasmodic, Anti-fungal
Alcohol Anti-bacterial, Anti-viral
Monoterpenes
Detoxifying, Diuretic, Anti-septic, Anti-viral, Anti-inflammatory Analgesic, Anti-spasmodic, Immunity stimulator
Azulene Anti-histaminic, Highly anti-inflammatory, Promoting healing
MAJOR CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS FOUND IN
ESSENTIAL OILS AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC
PROPERTIES
Bisabolol
Is the strongest sesquifterpene, Anti-bacterial, Anti-fungal, Anti-inflammatory
Flavonoids
This group of compound is thoroughly researched and found Immunity enhancer, Anti-cancer, Preventing cardio-vascular disorders, Improves circulation, Maintains healthy status
Farnesol Highly anti-inflammatory, Anti-bacterial
Farnesence
Highly anti-viral
Limonene
Highly anti-viral
Terpene alcohols
Highly anti-bacterial, Immunity enhancer
Terpene hydrocarbons
Highly anti-viral
Thujone
Mucolytic and expectorant, Immunity enhancer
72
MAJOR CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS FOUND IN
ESSENTIAL OILS AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC
PROPERTIES
SAFETY INFORMATION PERTAINING TO
ESSENTIAL O ILS
73
• Essential oils are powerful
• Highly concentrated oils can be harmful if
misused.
• In general not to use undiluted essential oils
on skin.
• Some E.O. can cause adverse reactions,
better to do a skin patch test prior to use
for the first time.
• Place a drop of the diluted E.O. on the
inside of elbow, apply and bandage and wait
for 24 hours to observe any reaction.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
Irritation-rashes, mild itching, burning.
Vanishes if oil is discontinued
Sensitization: More serious then irritation can
cause charges into immune by stem. If used
body repeatedly then the body shows
sensitization in the form of rashes, allergic
reaction, itching etc.
Photo sensitization – Photo toxicity
74
ADVERSE REACTIONS
• E.O. causes a reaction to ultraviolet light. Reaction
may be in the form of brown blotches to burning of
the skin.
• The condition may persists for a longer period and
may reoccur if exposed to ultraviolet light again.
• In pregnant condition Birch and winter green E.O.
should be avoided as they are readily
absorbed by the skin causing irritation.
• In epileptic patients the strong odour E.O. should be
avoided as they may initiate an epileptic attack.
eg.Camphor, Fennel, Rosmary etc.
75
SOME OF THE E.O. SHOULD BE
USED CAUTIOUSLY
76
E.O. causing Sensitization
•Balasm
•Benzoin resinod and oil
•Cinnamon bark oil
•Inula graveolens
•Rue oil
•Verbena
E.O. causing
photo sensitization
•Rue oil
•Bergamot oil
E.O. with toxic action:
•Wosmseed
(chenopodium)
•Tausy oil
E.O. with carcinoglenic
action:
•Calamus
•Sassafoas
77
78
79
80
81
82
HOW AROMA WORKS: AYURVEDIC
AND CONTEMPORARY
UNDERSTANDING
83
•
• Affects body’s physiological system like digestive, respiratory etc. directly or indirectly peppermint, ginger, sandalwood etc.
• On skin – vasodilatation – producing warming effect.
• Through olfactory route effects brain, sending
electrica messages directly into the limbic system resulting impacts on memory, learning, emotions, thinking and feeling etc. most of the scents calm the nervous system, uplift spirits, creates euphoria or sedation etc.
HOW AROMA WORKS
Mainly Aroma works through the sense of olfaction
Olfactory sense is highly developed in some mammals like dog, rabbits, etc. called Macro-somative
But in man it is not well developed called micro-somative.
The sense of smell contributes greatly to the joy of life.
84
NASAL ROUTE …….. 85
MARMAS –ITS ROLE
86 PHANA MARMA SRINGATAKA MARMA
87
THE LIMBIC AREA IS RESPONSIBLE FOR EMOTIONS, PLEASURE, MEMORY, HORMONAL
BALANCE, FEAR, ETC
Scope And Limitations of
Aroma Therapy
88
only Aroma therapy may not be a cure for all
it may not a complete therapy
It may be supplemented to other therapies
As add-on
Adjunct
to conventional therapies
Thank you
89