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10/6/2014
1
Raptor Identification Webinar 1: How to get started
Kevin J. McGowan
Sponsored by
How do you identify raptors?
• Size
• Shape
• Color pattern
• Markings
• Behavior
• Habitat
• Calls
Kevin’s rule of 3 for beginners
1. Pick 1 – Identify 1 bird at a time
2. 2 many birds – Identify to a broad category, then narrow to a smaller group
3. Look for 3 – Find 3 clues or more
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How do you identify raptors?
• Size
• Shape• Color pattern
• Markings
• Behavior
• Habitat• Calls
Basic Raptor Diversity
• Vultures
• Eagles
• Buteos
• Accipiters
• Falcons
• Kites
• Others
Vultures
Turkey Vulture© Kevin J. McGowan
Black Vulture© Jay W. McGowan
California Condor© Jay W. McGowan
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Eagles
Bald Eagle© Kevin J. McGowan
Golden Eagle© Kevin J. McGowan
Osprey© Kevin J. McGowan
Buteos
Red‐tailed Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Red‐shouldered Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Rough‐legged Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Swainson’s Hawk© Jay W. McGowan
Broad‐winged hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Harris’s Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Ferruginous Hawk© Brian L. Sullivan
Gray Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
White‐tailed Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Zone‐tailed Hawk© Brian L. Sullivan
Short‐tailed Hawk© Jay W. McGowan
Accipiters
Sharp‐shinned Hawk© Jay W. McGowan
Cooper’s Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Northern Goshawk© Brian L. Sullivan
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Falcons
American Kestrel© Kevin J. McGowan
Merlin© Kevin J. McGowan
Peregrine Falcon© Kevin J. McGowan
Prairie Falcon© Jay W.McGowan
Gyrfalcon© Andrew Johnson
Aplomado Falcon© Brian L. Sullivan
Kites
Mississippi Kite© Jay W. McGowan
Swallow‐tailed Kite© Brian L. Sullivan
White‐tailed Kite© Jay W. McGowan
Others
Snail Kite© Geoffrey Hill
Hook‐billed Kite© Brian L. Sulllivan
Crested Caracara© Kevin J. McGowan
Northern Harrier© Kevin J. McGowan
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How do you identify raptors?
• Size
• Shape• Color pattern
• Markings
• Behavior
• Habitat
• Calls
Shape
Basic Raptor Diversity
• Vultures
• Eagles
• Buteos
• Accipiters
• Falcons
• Kites
• Others
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Shape
• Wing shape
• Tail shape
• Proportions
• Posture
Wing Shape• Rounded/pointed at tip
• Emarginate/closed
• Broad/narrow
• Short/long
Wing Shape
Cooper’s Hawks
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Tail Shape• Long/short
• Notched/square/rounded/pointed tip
Tail Shape
Cooper’s Hawks
Red‐tailed Hawk
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Red‐tailed Hawk
Red‐tailed HawkTail < Head&body < Wing length
Medium wings, short tail
Sharp‐shinned Hawk
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Sharp‐shinned HawkHead&body < Wing length = Tail
Short wings, long tail
Tail
Wings
Head+body
Red‐tailed Hawk Bald Eagle Peregrine Falcon Sharp‐shinned Hawk
Proportions of North American Raptors
Raptor Category
Wing Length Wing Width Wing Shape Tail Length
Vultures Long Broad Rounded Short
Eagles Long Broad Rounded Short
Buteos Moderately Long
Broad Rounded Short
Accipiters Short Broad Rounded Long
Falcons Long Narrow Pointed Long
Kites Long Narrow Pointed Long
Harriers Long Narrow Rounded Long
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Shape
Shape
Sharp‐shinned Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Merlin© Ryan P. O’Donnell
Shape
Red‐shouldered Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Cooper’s Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
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How do you identify raptors?
• Size
• Shape
• Color pattern
• Markings
• Behavior• Habitat
• Calls
Behavior
• Flight style
• Foraging method
• Gregariousness
• Bobs and twitches
All © Kevin J. McGowan
Flight style
• Soaring
• Direct flight
• Hovering
All © Kevin J. McGowan
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Flight style ‐ soaring
Bald EagleTurkey Vulture
OspreyBlack Vulture
White‐tailed Hawk
Northern Harrier
Red‐tailed Hawk
DIHEDRALBENTFLAT
Flight style ‐ soaring
Bald Eagle
Turkey Vulture
California Condor Black Vulture
Sharp‐shinned Hawk
Red‐tailed Hawk
Flap and soarLong soar
All © Kevin and Jay McGowan
Flight style ‐ straight
Cooper’s Hawk
Peregrine Falcon
Prairie Falcon
Northern Harrier
Sharp‐shinned Hawk
Red‐tailed Hawk
Glide, flap, glidePower flight
Flap, flap, glide
All © Kevin and Jay McGowan
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Foraging Method
• Hover
• Perch and drop
• Dash and pursuit
• Soar and stoop
• Low and slow
Cooper’s Hawk© Michael Rucidlo
American Kestrel© Kevin J. McGowan
White‐tailed Kite© Kevin J. McGowan
Osprey© Kevin J. McGowan
Rough‐legged Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Foraging method ‐ hovering
American Kestrel© Kevin J. McGowan
Harris’s Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Swainson’s Hawk© Jay W. McGowan
Red‐tailed Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Rough‐legged Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Foraging method ‐ Perch
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Northern Goshawk© Jay W. McGowan
Broad‐winged Hawk
© Jay W. McGowan
Sharp‐shinned Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Dash and Pursue
Cooper’s Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Gyrfalcon© Scott Weins
Peregrine Falcon© Jay W. McGowan
Prairie Falcon© Jay W. McGowan
Dash and Pursue
Merlin© Kevin J. McGowan
Short‐tailed Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Turkey Vulture© Kevin J. McGowan Mississippi Kite
© Brian L. Sullivan
Soar and Stoop
Zone‐tailed Hawk© Brian L. Sullivan
Black Vulture© Kevin J. McGowan
Golden Eagle© Kevin J. McGowan
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Snail Kite© Geoffrey Hill
Northern Harrier© Kevin J. McGowan
Low and Slow
Rough‐legged Hawk© Kevin J. McGowan
Gregariousness
All © Kevin J. McGowan
Gregariousness
All © Kevin J. McGowan
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Bobs and Twitches
All © Kevin J. McGowan
• Identify one raptor at a time
• Use shape to narrow to group
• Measure a hawk to itself
• Notice how a raptor flies
• Notice how it forages
• Notice how social it is
©Kevin J. McGowan
http://dl.allaboutbirds.org/birds‐of‐prey‐guide
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