alexander graham bell: the path to the telephone lauren peters, mentee prepared for aam course 195...
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Alexander Graham Bell:The Path to the
Telephone
Lauren Peters, MenteePrepared for AAM Course 195
Furman University
Background Information:Before the Telephone
Bell’s mother was deaf. Bell’s father was a speech professor.
Bell’s interest in sound and speech began early in life.
Background Information:Before the Telephone
Bell’s interest in science also began early in life.
Bell, age 11, wrote “The Cottage.”
“The Cottage” included basic scientific observations.
“The Cottage”: A Collection of Scientific Observations
The Cottage
The Lightning flashed,The Thunder crashed,
The Rain fell fast and quick;My Cottage roof
Was Water-proof,The Halls were strong and thick.
The Thunder roared,The Rain it poured,
My Cottage stood quite strong;The Wind it blew
Right through and through,Then stopped short like this song.
Written by Alex Bell (age 11 ½) Oct. 14, 1858
Beyond Observation: Early Experiments with
SoundAs a teenager,
Bell experimented with sound in a two-part investigation.
Part One
“How does a voice box work?”
Bell manipulated a sheep’s voice box.
Bell made the sheep cry, “Mama!”Location of human voice
box
Beyond Observation: Early Experiments with
SoundAs a teenager,
Bell experimented with sound in a two-part investigation.
Part Two
“Can sound be manipulated?”
Bell experimented on the family dog.
Bell helped turn growls into “words.”
The result: “Ow ah oo, ga-ma-ma?” (How are you grandmother?)
Into Adulthood:Continued Interest in
SoundBell researched and taught:
Adult speech and elocution
Children with hearing and speech difficulties
College courses in vocal pathology
Top Right: Alexander Graham Bell
The Next Step:Transmitting Sound
Bell met electrician Thomas Watson
Together Bell and Watson
– Sketched prototypes for transmitting sound
– Built based on their drawings
– Tested multiple prototypes
– Filed for a patent
“Mr. Watson…come here…I want to see you…”
March 10, 1876
Bell and Watson were working separately
Bell called to Watson
Watson heard Bell, through the telephone!
Credits
All photographs are courtesy of:
The Library of Congress
The American Memory Collection
The Alexander Graham Bell Family Papers
The Telephony Museum Collection
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