ALCOHOL

Unit # 3

Miss Martini

Alcohol Today Nation’s #1 Drug Problem ( depressant)

100+ million adults (60-70% of total population use)– Used more than any other drug

10+ million adult alcoholics

3+ million teenage alcoholics/ problem drinkers

Alcohol Today ½ of all crime

– 75% of violent crimes Alcohol is negatively linked with violence,

rape, suicide, breaking the law, academic apathy, accidental death, injuries, irresponsible decisions, STI/ STDs, job loss, divorce, and serious illness.

Alcohol related diseases lead to 12,000 deaths/ year– #1 Cirrhosis

(linked with long term excessive alcohol use)

Motor Vehicle Deaths 1982

– 25,000 (57% of deaths) 1993

– 17,400 (44%) 2000

– 16,068 (38%) 2002

– 17,419 (41%) 2003

– 17,401 (40%)

Classes of Drinkers (3 classes) Social

– Moderate, safe amounts consumed by adult (21 yrs or older)

– Ex/ occasionally has a beer with dinner Problem

– Self or others at risk– Person starts to build up a tolerance, may experience

blackouts– Ex/ drinks until they vomit, drives when drinking,

doesn’t remember what happened the night they consumed alcohol

Alcoholic– dependent

Responsible (over 21) Alcohol Use

Know limit * MODERATION* Space out drinks Small glasses Dilute mix drinks Eat while consuming Don’t drink and drive Don’t drink and use medication Don’t drink if pregnant or not sure

– Baby’s of mothers who drink may be born with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

• Delayed physical and mental growth

1 Drink (1/2 oz of pure ethanol)

(active drug in wine, beer, liquor is ethyl or ethanol alcohol)

One 12 oz can of beer (4.5% alcohol) 1 ¼ oz of 80 proof hard liquor

(distilled ex/ whiskey, gin, brandy) (40% alcohol)– Proof: amount of alcohol in a beverage as

measured by %, double the % of alcohol• Ex/ Beverage with 20% alcohol is 40 proof

1 oz of 100 proof liquor 3-5 oz of wine (12-14% alcohol) 1 wine cooler (1.5-6 % alcohol) 1 mixed drink (see above)

Alcohol & the Body About 20% of alcohol consumed is

absorbed into bloodstream through stomach walls.

The majority is absorbed through intestine walls.

The remaining alcohol is excreted through urine, perspiration, or breath.

How Alcohol Affects the Body (impair judgment, loosen inhibitions, dull reflexes) Nervous system

– Brain• Blackouts (a period in which a person cannot remember

what has happened following alcohol use)

(start to see with problem drinkers)• Seizures• Dementia (decline in all areas of mental functioning)

Digestive system– Developing cancers of mouth, esophagus, & stomach– Ulcers– Liver disease (cirrhosis- liver begins to fill with fat)

Immune system– Increased risk of developing illnesses

• Respiration infections• Tuberculosis• Certain cancers

Affects on Body Cardiovascular system

– Damages organs– Increased risk for cardiovascular disease, high blood

pressure, & stroke

Skeletal system– Body loses calcium

• Osteoporosis

Urinary system– Can cause kidney failure

Reproductive system– Female: cause irregular periods– Male: affects size of testes and muscle development

Alcohol Affects Every Cell in the Body

Most alcohol is changed to harmless waste by the liver– Liver can only process about 1 drink/ hour– If drink more then this the excess alcohol

build up in the body Alcohol goes to body tissue before

excretion– Effects of alcohol intensify– Concentration of alcohol in blood increases

Hangover- a result of the chemicals used to make alcohol.

The only true treatment for a hangover is TIME, not coffee, cold shower, etc.

One of the worst things you can do for a person is give them another alcoholic beverage.

Blood Alcohol Concentration (BAC)

Higher the BAC, the greater the effects of alcohol on the body. If the amount of alcohol (a toxin) is too large, stomach will reject

it– Vomiting

Too much of a toxin (alcohol) can be poisonous.– Binge drinking

• Consumption of large amount of alcohol in short amount of time• Linked with rape, unprotected sex, death, fights, poor decisions, alcohol

poisoning

– Alcohol poisoning signs• Unconscious, can’t be woken, vomiting while passed out, breathing

slow, pale/ cold/ clammy skin• Call 911 immediantly

Factors that affect BAC (see text pg 412)

Amount consumed Body weight Feelings Amount of food

eaten Carbonation of

beverage

Speed consumed % of body fat Gender Presence of other

drugs in blood Age

What Happens as BAC Increases

See text page 413 wksht

Alcohol LawsBAC ( % of alcohol in blood)- only factor which legally determines level of

intoxication

Liquor Control Board– Controls all sales of alcoholic beverages in PA

Underage Drinking– Zero-tolerance law

• Lowers the legal BAC level for intoxicated drivers under 21 yrs of age

Driving Under the Influence (DUI)– Breathalyzer test: accurate and common way police

check BAC– Under 21 yrs = 0.02– Over 21 yrs = 0.08

* Reason for these laws is to protect the health, lives, and property of the public

Laws Parents can not buy alcohol for their

children even if it is their own home. Parents can be held accountable & face

fines for serving minors on their property.

A person under 21 yrs. Can be arrested/ fined for underage drinking in PA if they are:– Consuming– Transporting– Possessing alcohol

Law Activity Newspaper headline:

Local Teen Arrested for Drunk-Driving Incident

1. What possible events led to the teens arrest?

2. Who was with the teen before this incident?

3. How did the teen get the alcohol?

4. What was this incident they were arrested for?

Use Alcohol Laws packet1. List laws teen may have violated

2. What behaviors may have led to teen being arrested?

Use refusal skills worksheet

1. Create a safer ending to this situation using refusal skills so that this incident does not occur.

a. Give reason for refusal

b. Show your concern

c. Provide alternatives

d. Use body language to reinforce what you say

e. Take a definite action

Alcoholism (see text pg 419)– Disease in which there is physical and

psychological dependence on alcohol.Early stage- social drinker becomes a problem

drinkerLate stage- problem drinker becomes alcoholic

Difficulty controlling behavior Denial Withdrawal

– Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome• Is the reaction of the body to sudden stopping of drinking

– Delirium Tremens» Is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal syndrome in

which there are hallucinations and muscle convulsions

Affects on others

Getting HelpInterventions are held to help make the

alcoholic aware of the problem (see wksht)

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)– Recovery program for people who have

alcoholism Al-Anon

– Recovery program for people who have friends or family members with alcoholism

– Ex/ help spouse of an alcoholic, family member or friend

Al-Ateen– Recovery program for teens who have a family

member or friend with alcoholism

Intervention Steps

Stop enabling behaviors Talk to your friend Ask another friend to help Follow through Seek adult or professional help

What drug classification is Alcohol?

Stimulant

Depressant

Hallucinogen

Narcotic

Someone who drinks moderately

Alcoholic

Problem

Social

Dead

Recovery program for teens of an alcoholic family

AA

Al-anon

AAA

Ala-teen

Possible result of a pregnant women using alcohol

TAS

FAS

SIDS

DUH

One factor that affects BAC

Gender

Shower

Sleep

Caffeine

This class of drinker starts to experience blackouts

Social

Problem

Alcoholic

Sober

Example of one drink

1 oz of beer

2 oz 100 proof

3-5 oz wine

2 mixed drinks

BAC limit for 21 or older

.06

.02

.08

.1

Common way police check BAC

Breathalyzer

Urine

Saliva

Ear wax

Person most likely found at Ala-non meeting

Alcoholic

Wife of alcoholic

Co-worker of alcoholic

dog

Only thing that legally determines intoxication

Color of skin

BAC

Ability to drive

Ability to walk

Most important thing to do in case of alcohol poisoning

Lay on side

call 911

Put to sleep

eat bread

Person under 21 has legal intoxication level beginning at

.04

.08

.02

.01

Severe form of alcohol withdrawal

Alcoholic

Delirium tremens

Scratching

cold

Organization that controls sales of alcohol in PA

PCP

LCP

LCB

OCB

Over the legal limit and driving, could be arrested for

Under age drinking

DUI

Zero tolerance

DWU

Active ingredient in alcohol

Flour

yeast

Ethanol

gasoline

Period of time forgotten the day following alcohol abuse

Pass out

Sleep

DUI

Blackout

First step of an intervention

Follow through

Talk to your friend

Stop enabling

Seek adult/ professional

Drinking a lot in a small amount of time

Overdose

binge drinking

Blackout

pass out

These are put in place to protect the health, lives, and property of the public

BAC

Seatbelts

Alcohol laws

air bags

Stage of alcoholism where a social drinker becomes a problem drinker

Late

Early

Effects of alcohol on the liver

Cirrhosis

Obesity

Cancer

Softening

How does alcohol effect the brain

Speeds it up

slows it

Hallucinates

causes it to think