ALCOHOL

ALCOHOL

Depressant- slows central nervous system

Ethanol- the alcohol in all alcoholic drinks Intoxication- body is poisoned by alcohol

causing significant impairment- drunk Alcohol Abuse- excessive use of alcohol

Short Term Effects

Movement impaired Vision impaired Slurred speech Judgment impaired Heart rate and blood pressure can become

irregular Blood vessels expand causing body

temperature to drop Inflames liver Dehydration due to increased urine output

Consequences

Long Term Effects

Alcoholism Brain damage, memory problems Liver problems- fatty liver, cirrhosis,

hepatitis High blood pressure Heart damage- heart attack, stroke Kidney problems Digestive problems- ulcers Financial, job, social functioning, family

problems

Alcohol Poisoning

A severe, potentially fatal reaction to alcohol overdose

Can shut down breathing and gag reflex Symptoms- mental confusion, stupor,

coma, vomiting, seizures, slow breathing, irregular heartbeat, low body temperature

Get help- call 911, do not leave them to ”Sleep it off”

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

FAS Damage

Alcohol Abuse

Binge drinking- 5 or more drinks in one sitting

Drinking to get drunk Blackouts Domestic Violence DUI Alcoholism- stages

Abuse Dependence Addiction

Influences on Alcohol Use

Family

Peer Pressure

Media

Effects on Individuals

Body Size and Gender- Females are affected faster than males, smaller people affected more quickly than larger people. Males have an enzyme females do not have, that breaks down alcohol more quickly

Food in the stomach- slows passage of alcohol

Amount and rate of intake Mood, emotions Age- teens become intoxicated more easily

than adults

Blood Alcohol Concentrationvol.) Behavior Impairment

0.010–0.029•Average individual appearsnormal

•Subtle effects that can bedetected with special tests

0.030–0.059

•Mild euphoria •Relaxation •Joyousness •Talkativeness •Decreased inhibition

•Concentration

0.06–0.09•Blunted feelings •Disinhibition •Extraversion

•Reasoning •Depth perception •Peripheral vision •Glare recovery

0.10–0.19

•Over-expression •Emotional swings •Anger or sadness •Boisterousness •Decreased libido

•Reflexes •Reaction time •Gross motor control •Staggering •Slurred speech

0.20–0.29

•Stupor •Loss of understanding •Impaired sensations

•Severe motor impairment •Loss of consciousness •Memory blackout

0.30–0.39

•Severe central nervous system depression •Unconsciousness •Death is possible

•Bladder function •Breathing •Heart rate

0.40–0.50

•General lack of behavior •Unconsciousness •Death is possible

•Breathing •Heart rate

≥0.50 •Death

Alcohol Equivalencies

Alcohol Types & % Alcohol

Amount (ml)

Amount (fl oz)

Serving size

Alcohol (% by vol.)

Alcohol

80 proof liquor 44 1.5 One shot 40 0.6 US fl o

z (18 ml)

Table wine 148 5 One glass 12 0.6 US fl o

z (18 ml)

Beer 355 12 One can 5 0.6 US fl oz (18 ml)

BAC according to weight

MaleFemale

Approximate blood alcohol percentage (by vol.)[3]

One drink has 0.5 US fl oz (15 ml) alcohol by volume

Drinks

Body weight

40 kg 45 kg 55 kg 64 kg 73 kg 82 kg 91 kg 100 kg 109 kg

90 lb 100 lb 120 lb 140 lb 160 lb 180 lb 200 lb 220 lb 240 lb

1–

0.050.040.05

0.030.04

0.030.03

0.020.03

0.020.03

0.020.02

0.020.02

0.020.02

2–

0.100.080.09

0.060.08

0.050.07

0.050.06

0.040.05

0.040.05

0.030.04

0.030.04

3–

0.150.110.14

0.090.11

0.080.10

0.070.09

0.060.08

0.060.07

0.050.06

0.050.06

4–

0.200.150.18

0.120.15

0.110.13

0.090.11

0.080.10

0.080.09

0.070.08

0.060.08

5–

0.250.190.23

0.160.19

0.130.16

0.120.14

0.110.13

0.090.11

0.090.10

0.080.09

6–

0.300.230.27

0.190.23

0.160.19

0.140.17

0.130.15

0.110.14

0.100.12

0.090.11

7–

0.350.260.32

0.220.27

0.190.23

0.160.20

0.150.18

0.130.16

0.120.14

0.110.13

8–

0.400.300.36

0.250.30

0.210.26

0.190.23

0.170.20

0.150.18

0.140.17

0.130.15

9–

0.450.340.41

0.280.34

0.240.29

0.210.26

0.190.23

0.170.20

0.150.19

0.140.17

10–

0.510.380.45

0.310.38

0.270.32

0.230.28

0.210.25

0.190.23

0.170.21

0.160.19

Subtract approximately 0.01 every 40 minutes after drinking.

DUI costs & consequences

1st

Offense 2nd offense

3rd

Offense

Jail 4 days to 6 months

10 days to 1 year

120 days to 1 year

Fines and Penalties

$1400 to $2600

$1800 to $2800

$1800 to $18000

License Suspension

30 days to 10 months

2 years (which can be reduced to 1)

3 years

DUI ConsequencesCost of annual auto insurance increase over 13 years $40,000

DUI classes $650

Towing and storage fee ($137 a day) $685 (at least 5 days)

Fines and attorney fees $4,000

DMV reinstatement fee $100

Estimated Minimum total $45,435Average time of license suspension

3 months for adults, 12 months for teens

Average time in jail 6 months

Average years on probation 3 years

Number of years with two points on driving record 13 years

DUI classes 6 months

Time in court Several months

Convicted of murder Possible lifetime imprisonment

Statistics According to the NIDA 2009- 51.9% of those over age 12 used

alcohol within the last 30 days 2009- 23.7 % binge drank, 6.8% drank

heavily at least 5 times in the last 30 days

2010- in the last 30 days- 13.8% 8th graders drank, 5% got drunk 28.9% 10th graders drank, 14.7% got drunk 41.2% of 12th graders, 26.8% got drunk

Works Cited

Glencoe Health 2005 Ch. 22 Only the Strong Survive, “Costs”, http://

www2.courtinfo.ca.gov/stopteendui/parents/cost/how-much-does-a-dui-cost.cfm

Google images, fasface, NIDA / “Alcohol”

http://www.drugabuse.gov/