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Psilotum nudum detail in Appendix "foliaceus."

𝑫𝑰𝑷𝑳𝑶𝑰𝑫 (𝟐𝒏)

𝑯𝑨𝑷𝑳𝑶𝑰𝑫 (𝒏)

The current representatives are very small.

The group is characterized by the sporophyte differentiated into root, stem and leaves.

Depending on the genre may occur hemosperm or heterospory.

Is distributed abundantly in wet tropical regions but are also found in dry air in exposed rocks.

Lycopodium annotinum

Lycopodium-clavatum

𝑺𝑷𝑶𝑹𝑶𝑷𝑯𝒀𝑻𝑬 (𝟐𝒏)

𝑮𝑨𝑴𝑬𝑻𝑶𝑷𝑯𝒀𝑻𝑬 (𝒏)

Plantae

Lycopodiophyta

Lycopodiopsida

Lycopodiales

Lycopodiaceae

Lycopodium

Are commonly

known as the fern. In certain regions

of some species are used for medicinal,

ornamental, fodder and food

purposes.

Ferns thrive mostly (80%) and intertropical

gloomy wet areas, while the remainder is

found in temperate regions.

The life cycle is characterized by an alternation of

generations.

The sporophyte is typically

divided into roots, stem and

leaves.

Commonly stem is represented by a single branched

rhizome.

The fern gametophyte

is flattened mass.

Matteuccia struthiopteris

SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION

Kingdom: Plantae

Division: Pteridophyta

Class: Polypodiopsida / Pteridopsida (disputed)

Order: Polypodiales

(unranked): Eupolypods II

Family: Onocleaceae

Genus: Matteuccia

Species: M. struthiopteris

REPRODUCTION OF A FERN

Fern leaf spore

reproduction zooms.

𝑭𝒆𝒎𝒂𝒍𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒆𝒔

𝑴𝒂𝒍𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒆𝒔

Be vascular plants because they have inside their stems, woody glasses

driving up or carrying crude sap (water and minerals)

from the roots to the leaves and falling vessels that

carry elaborated sap (food) from leaves to the rest of

the plant.

Are tracheophytes

plants, as a conduit vessels also are called

tracheae, hence its name.

Are spermatophyte plants, as they result

from a seed. Are flowering plants because

they have flowers like

sexual reproduction

organs.

Are cormophytes a plant because they have roots, stems

and leaves forming the stem or corm.

In angiosperms, eggs are

enclosed within the cavity of

the ovary.

Produced fertilization, the eggs processed seeds are fully

covered by the ovary become fruit.

Seed provided with a single cotyledon called scutellum.

Hypogeal germination, cotyledons and not emerge from the soil.

Root fibrous and adventitious origin.

Sessile leaves and usually elongated, with parallel ribs.

Flowers with cycles of 3-6 pieces.

Protective cycles (Calyx and Corolla) are not differentiated and are a perigony.

Herbaceous or semi-woody stem, usually little branched.

EXAMPLE

Corn

Tulip

Seed having two cotyledons.

Epigeous germination, cotyledons and emerge from the soil surface.

Root or pivotal typical appearance and root or normal origin.

Simple or composite leaves, petioles and almost always shaped branched ribbing or retinervadas network.

Flowers with cycles of 4 or 5 pieces.

Protective cycles (Calyx and Corolla) are distinct and form a perianth.

Herbaceous, woody or semi-woody stem, always branched.

EXAMPLE

Bean

How autotrophic photosynthetic organisms are the base of the food chain, making them a source of food for humans and other animals. Including flower nectar for bees as an example.

To be a source of food for humans and other animals have developed many food industries.

Vascular plants supplied materials for the construction industry. Industries such as textiles (cotton); pharmaceutical and

horticulture (gardening, ornamental plants, flowers, botanical gardens).

We also supply most of the wood, cellulosic pulp, paper and materials for shipbuilding industry.

Food Industries as honey production. Ferns like other vascular plants have ornamental importance.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZszG1SiRr8