akıllı Şebekeler ve entegrasyon yek

Upload: mustafa-aktas

Post on 04-Jun-2018

267 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    1/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA 1

    System Integration:

    Smart Grid with Renewable Energy

    Authors

    Mrs ! " "a#er

    Research stu#ent $Re% 11'1((')*

    JJT Univercity+ Rajstan

    ,ea# o- .lect /ower Syste0 e2art

    "/M3s /olytechnic+Thane In#ia

    Mr Man#ar " 4ha#an%

    5ecturer+ .lectrical /ower syste0 e2art

    "/M3s /olytechnic+

    Thane+ In#ia

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    2/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA (

    System Integration: Smart Grid with Renewable Energy

    Abstract:-

    As electricity #e0an#s are increasin% #ay by #ay causin% unbalance in the 2resent %ri#

    syste0 which results in various causes li6e loa# she##in%+ unbalance volta%e etc which

    ulti0ately a--ects the consu0ers !ow to avoi# all such situations the only o2tion is to 0eet the

    #e0an# by increasin% %eneration but+ we are also la%%in% with the conventional sources so%eneratin% 0ore 2ower is also not convenient by conventional ways Thus+ use o- Renewable is

    7uite i02ortant

    The solar 2ower reachin% the earth3s sur-ace is about )8+''' T9 Coverin% '((: o- our

    2lanet with solar collectors with an e--iciency o- ): woul# be enou%h to satis-y the current

    %lobal 2ower consu02tion solar have tre0en#ous 2otential -or -ul-illin% the worl#3s ener%y

    nee#s

    S0art %ri#s 2ro0ise to -acilitate the 2er-or0ance o- the %ri# syste0 The 2ower in#ustry

    has a#o2te# ;s0art< %ri#s that use in-or0ation an# co00unication technolo%ies+ which 0ay

    0a6e electric 2ower syste0s 0ore reliable an# e--icient

    Renewable technolo%y enhances the available ener%y resources These technolo%ies also

    enable inte%ration o- hi%her levels o- renewable ener%y an# conventional ener%y sources The

    renewable sources are not ;#is2atch=ablethe 2ower out2ut cannot be controlle# ?uture

    ener%y sustainability #e2en#s heavily on how the renewable ener%y 2roble0 is a##resse# in the

    next -ew #eca#es

    Solar ener%y can be 0a#e 0ore econo0ical by re#ucin% invest0ent an# o2eratin% costs an#

    by increasin% solar 2lant 2er-or0ance Inte%ration o- solar syste0 with the s0art %ri# have to

    co0e u2 with the challen%es 2ut -orwar# by solar syste0s li6e technolo%y barrier+ uncertainty+

    social i02act+ econo0ical as2ects+ -ree acce2tance etc

    Several countries have a#o2te# s2ecial 2ro%ra0s to subsi#i@e an# 2ro0ote solar ener%y

    A0on% the 0ost success-ul ones are the ?ee#=In=Tari-- $?IT* 2ro%ra0s an# the /ro#uction Tax

    Cre#it $/TC* 2ro%ra0s

    In this 2a2er+ we consi#er 2ath -ro0 conventional %ri# towar#s s0art %ri#+ challen%es a%ainst

    inte%ration o- renewable ener%y+ ie solar syste0 An# i02act o- solar on %ri# stability+

    reliability o- su22ly ?ailure o- %ri# which lea#s to total blac6out which 0ay lea# to renewable

    ener%y as one o- the solution to re#uce i02act o- blac6out= case stu#y o- total blac6out in !orth

    In#ia on (th

    & B'th July ('1(

    The section o- the 2a2er will concentrate on 9ays o- assi0ilation o- Solar syste0 in S0art

    %ri#+ challen%es & bene-its o- inte%rate# %ri# syste0s

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    3/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA B

    Introduction:-

    In recent years availability o- 2ower in In#ia has bothincrease# an# i02rove# but

    #e0an# has consistently outstri22e#su22ly an# substantial ener%y an# 2ea6 shorta%es 2revaile#

    in recent years The selection o- an ener%y resource-or electricity %eneration is %rowin% concern

    about other as2ects such as social+ environ0ental an# technolo%ical bene-itsan# conse7uences o-

    the ener%y source selection A#o2tion o- Syste0 inte%ration by utilitieswill hel2 to -in# ways to

    0aintain the -unctionality o- their current syste0s while also ri#in% the wave o- innovativetechnolo%y that 6ee2s the0 ahea# o- the co02etition?or inte%ration o- s0art %ri# an# renewable

    ener%y syste0s into a inte%rate# syste0 nee#s broa# ran%e o- s6ills These s6ills are li6ely to

    inclu#e a#vance technolo%y+ inter-ace 2roce#ures+ an# %eneral 2roble0 solvin% s6ills They are

    li6ely to inclu#e new an# challen%in% 2roble0s with an in2ut -ro0 a broa# ran%e o- en%ineers

    where the syste0 inte%ration en%ineer D2ulls it all to%etherD

    Electrical Grid system:-

    An electrical %ri# is an

    interconnecte# networ6 -or

    #eliverin% electricity -ro0 su22liers

    to consu0ers The electrical %ri#

    has evolve# -ro0 an insular syste0

    that service# a 2articular

    %eo%ra2hic area to a wi#er+

    ex2ansive networ6 that

    incor2orate# 0ulti2le areas In#ia is

    %eo%ra2hically #ivi#e# in -ive

    re%ions na0ely+ !orthern+ .astern+

    9estern !orth .astern an#

    Southern All the states an# union

    territories in In#ia -all in either o-

    these re%ions .xce2t the Southern re%ion all other re%ions are o2eratin% in syncrons 0o#e The

    Southern Re%ion will be synchroni@e# in ('1 All re%ional %ri#s are interconnecte# throu%h tie

    lines so that the 2ower across these re%ions can -low sea0lessly as 2er the relative loa#

    %eneration balance

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    4/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA

    To 0eet the increase# trans0ission ca2acity+ to re#uce the trans0ission losses $Technical

    & co00ercial* an# to a#o2t .ner%y conservation techni7ues ;S0art %ri#< 2heno0enon is beena#o2te# by utilities in trans0ission levels To enhance the %eneration ca2acity as well as to

    i02rove the 2er-or0ance o- the #istribution syste0 local %eneration 2heno0enon has been

    inclu#e# -or which renewable ener%y is the 6ey source The ability to increase usa%e o-

    inter0ittent ener%y sources by balancin% the0 across vast %eolo%ical re%ions 2rovi#e# an

    electrical 0ar6et which will re0ove the con%estion

    Path from vertical integration to Vertical cum horiontal integration:-Al0ost since their ori%in+ electric

    utilities have been vertically inte%rate#+with %eneration+ trans0ission+ an#

    #istribution co0bine# in a sin%le

    -ir0Centrali@e# or%ani@ationuse to

    ensure0aintenance o- reliability+ the

    su22ly o- ener%y e7uals #e0an#+ 5ow=

    cost 2ro#uction si0ultaneously

    o2ti0i@ation o- %enerator #is2atch an#

    allocation o- trans0ission ca2acity So

    0oney -low was uni#irectional -ro0

    consu0er to utility an# in-or0ation -low was only between trans0ission an# %eneration stations

    raw bac6s econo0ical as2ect an# lac6 o- coor#ination between #i--erent co02onents o- utility

    resulte# into #ere%ulation o- 2ower syste0

    The .ner%y /olicy Act $./ Act* o- 1( a#vocate# #ere%ulation o- electric utilities by

    creatin% wholesale electric 0ar6ets ere%ulation syste0 a#o2te# vertical as well as hori@ontal

    inte%rationThere is no %overn0ent restriction on entry or exit -ro0 the electricity in#ustry at

    various sta%es !o o- 2rivate 2ower su22liers are intro#uce# at as %eneration co02anies+

    trans0ission co02anies an# also wor6 as 2ower #istributors

    /ower %eneration can be #one at 0e%a level or at 0icro level Micro %eneration is the

    s0all=scale %eneration o- electric 2ower by in#ivi#uals+ s0all businesses an# co00unities to0eet their own nee#s+ as alternatives or su22le0ents to tra#itional centrali@e# %ri#=connecte#

    2owerMany s0all %enerators are allowe# to sell electricity bac6 to the %ri# -or the sa0e 2rice

    they woul# 2ay to buy it The s0art %ri# si%ni-ies #i%ital u2%ra#e o- trans0ission %ri#s an#

    #istribution syste0s to o2ti0i@e current o2erations+ re#uce cost an# intensi-ications reliability3

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    5/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA E

    !hat is "Smart Grid#$$$

    The S0art Fri# is a co02ilation o- conce2ts+

    technolo%ies+ an# o2eratin% 2ractices inten#e# to brin% the

    electric %ri# into the (1st centuryA ;s0art %ri#< is an electric

    %ri# syste0 where all acco02lices in the %ri# syste0 $ie

    electricity %enerators+ trans0ission an# #istribution o2erators+

    electricity consu0ers* co00unicate an# wor6 with each other

    to raise the e--iciency an# reliability o- the %ri#

    The s0art %ri# #elivers electricity to consu0ers usin%

    two=way #i%ital technolo%y to enable the 0ore e--icient

    0ana%e0ent o- consu0ers3 en# uses o- electricity as well as

    the 0ore e--icient use o- the %ri# to i#enti-y an# correct su22ly #e0an#=i0balances

    instantaneously an# #etect -aults in a ;sel-=healin%< 2rocess that i02roves service 7uality+

    enhances reliability+ an# re#uces costs

    The s0art %ri# is 0ore than si02ly installin% s0art 0eters G by brin%in% an in-or0ation

    technolo%y to the electric %ri#+ we will #evelo2 nu0erous a22lications that use the #evices+

    networ6in% an# co00unications technolo%y+ an# control an# #ata 0ana%e0ent syste0s

    Smart grid in Indian %ower sector:-

    ?ollowin% -actors e02hasi@e the a#o2tion o- the s0art %ri# in In#iaH

    Peak shortfalls: In#ia is worl#s 8th lar%est ener%y consu0er+ accountin% -or B: o-%lobal ener%y consu02tion e0an# -or ener%y has %rown at an avera%e o- B8: 2er annu0

    there is short -all o- 2ea6 #e0an#

    Loss reduction:In#ia3s a%%re%ate trans0ission $technical an# co00ercial* losses are onav ('=(: A#o2tion o- s0art %ri# has re#uce# losses

    Performance Efficiency: The s0art %ri# can i02rove loa# -actors an# re#uce syste0losses This will re#uce the #i2s in loa# curves an# i02roves the 2er-or0ance e--iciency o- entire

    2ower syste0

    Human Error: .rror in 0eter rea#in%+ #eliberate errors+ 2ower the-t+ -aulty 0eters+ an#2oor 0aintenance o- 0eter intentional #a0a%e has resulte# with si%ni-icant losses ,owever+

    auto0ate# 0eter rea#in% woul# lower recor#in% an# other errors thereby re#uce# co00ercial

    losses

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    6/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA 8

    Peak load management: In#ia3s su22ly short-alls are #urin% 2ea6 hours an# are2ersistin% -or 0any years I02le0entation o- #e0an# si#e 0ana%e0ent ha# allowe# 0ore;intelli%ent< loa# control Restructurin% o- tari-- with incentives has been co00unicate# to

    consu0ers in a #yna0ic 0anner which woul# hel2 0o#erate the su22ly=#e0an# %a2

    uture energy: In#ia has su22orte# the a22lication o- renewable ener%y G win# ener%yan# solar ener%y !early (=B: 2ower %eneration is consi#ere# by renewable ener%y MO/ has

    un#er ta6en !ational Solar Mission an# set a %oal to a## ('+''' M9 o- 2ower by ('(' This

    will hel2 us to overco0e 2ea6 hour short -all an# also re#ucin% carbon e0ission

    !echnological lea": /erha2s the 0ost intri%uin% #river -or In#ia is the 2otential to;lea2-ro%< into a new -uture -or electricity+ as it #i# with teleco00unications Also+ the ;s0art an area o- uni7ue ca2ability in In#ia

    Generation &i':-

    In#ia3s ener%y=0ix co02rises both non G renewable

    $coal+ li%nite+ 2etroleu0 an# natural %as* an# Renewable

    ener%y sources $9in#+ Solar+ s0all ,y#ro= 2lants+

    4io0ass+ co%eneration+ ba%asse etc* e2letion o- non=

    renewable sources na0e# renewable Sources as ?uture

    .ner%y SourcesThere are a hi%h 2otential -or %enerationo- renewable ener%y -ro0 various sources G win#+ solar+

    bio0ass+ s0all hy#ro+ an# co%eneration ba%asse The

    total 2otential o- renewable 2ower %eneration in the

    country as on B1st 0arch+ ('11 is esti0ate# at )8'

    M9

    Renewable technolo%y enhances the available

    ener%y resources These technolo%ies also enable inte%ration o- hi%her levels o- renewable

    ener%y an# conventional ener%y sources The renewable sources are not ;#is2atch=ablethe

    2ower out2ut cannot be controlle# ?uture ener%y sustainability #e2en#s heavily on how therenewable ener%y 2roble0 is a##resse# in the next -ew #eca#es

    Renewable $Solar & 9in#* ener%y can be 0a#e 0ore econo0ical by re#ucin% invest0ent

    an# o2eratin% costs an# by increasin% solar 2lant 2er-or0ance Inte%ration o- solar syste0 with

    the s0art %ri# have to co0e u2 with the challen%es 2ut -orwar# by solar syste0s li6e technolo%y

    barrier+ uncertainty+ social i02act+ econo0ical as2ects+ -ree acce2tance etc

    Renewable

    Potential

    Power generation

    ca"acity

    9in# /ower

    /otential

    +1B( Mw $EE:*

    Solar 2ower2otential

    1'18 Mw

    4io0ass

    /ower

    /otential

    1+EB) Mw $(':*

    S0all ,y#ro

    /ower

    1E+B)E Mw $1:*

    Co%eneration

    in Su%ar Mills

    E''' Mw $8:*

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    7/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA

    Renewable energy systems:-

    Renewable=ener%y resources can be use# -or 2ower %eneration as stan#alone or isolate#

    syste0 4ut their bene-its are si%ni-icantly enhance# when they are inte%rate# into bi%%er electric

    2ower %ri#s .ach resource is #i--erent -ro0 the %ri#3s 2ers2ective an# so0e are easier to

    inte%rate than others 9ith %reater use o- s0art %ri# technolo%ies+ hi%her #e%rees an# rates o-

    2enetration can be acco00o#ate#

    Role of Renewable energy:-

    In I!IA the renewable ener%y sector

    is #evelo2in% with a slower 2ace but tooverco0e this -irst ste2 ta6en is -or0ation o-

    0inistry o- non=conventional ener%y

    resources ,owever+ In#ia la%s behin# the

    other nations in use o- renewable ener%ies

    In#ia3s total %ri# connecte# renewable ener%y

    ca2acity $exclu#in% lar%e hy#ro* is aroun#

    (88 F9 out o- which 8): co0es -ro0

    win# source while E: co0es -ro0 solar

    /" cells

    Sr#$o# State Solar Energy %ind Energy

    '1 Ta0il !a#u (M9 1B(( M9

    '( Maharashtra 11(M9 1)B)E M9

    'B Karnata6a 1'M9 11)E M9

    ' Rajasthan 1'EM9 8' M9

    'E Fujarat 8E)1M9 1B(1 M9

    '8 An#hra /ra#esh 1'M9 1((E M9

    ' Ma#hya /ra#esh (M9 1)8 M9

    ') Kerala ''M9 (B'' M9

    ' 9est 4en%al (M9 11' M9

    1' other states BEM9 B(' M9

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    8/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA )

    (enefits of integration:-

    5ea#in% characteristics o- renewable resources that i02act their inte%ration into 2ower

    %ri#s are their si@e $%eneration ca2acity as co02are# to other sources o- 2ower %eneration on a

    syste0*+ their location $both %eo%ra2hically an# with res2ect to networ6 to2olo%y*+ an# their

    variability $0inute=by=0inute+ #aily+ seasonally+ an# inter0ittently*Renewable inte%ration =

    re#ucin% our nation3s #e2en#ence on -orei%n coal by enablin% the sea0less inte%ration o-

    cleaner+ %reener ener%y technolo%ies into our 2ower networ6

    !or0ally Renewable resources are connecte# at the #istribution level an# as lar%er resources$win# -ar0s+ solar -ar0s* are connecte# at the trans0ission level

    1 ?uture ener%y sustainabilityH Renewable ener%ies are 0a6in% a si%ni-icant contribution tocli0ate 2rotection+ #iversi-y resources+ ease #e2en#ence on -ossil resources+ not 2ro#uce

    any ty2e o- conta0ination+ #o0estic ener%y carriers an# there-ore contribute to re%ional

    value creation an# hel2 to secure e02loy0ent ,ence renewables as -uture ener%y

    2rovi#es sustainability

    ( .02owerin% %ri# in 2ea6 hours HInte%ration o- 0ore renewables an# stora%e su22ort thes0art %ri# with real ti0e in-or0ation an# substitutin% renewable ener%y sourceswhenever 2ossible Increasin% 2ro2ortion o- Renewables in %eneration 0ix not only

    i02roves o2erational e--iciency but re#uces 2ea6 #e0an#s

    B .ner%y 0ana%e0entH S0art 0eterin% hel2s to a#o2t ener%y 0ana%e0ent techni7ues suchas e0an# si#e 0ana%e0entat consu0er level+ #e0an# res2onse usa%e lea#s to

    o2ti0u0 utili@ation an# results into savin% o- ener%y

    In#e2en#ent syste0sH R. syste0s wor6s as isolate# syste0 #urin% %ri# -ailure an#re#uces i02act on custo0er In#ustrial an# co00ercial consu0ers a#o2t %ri# connecte#

    R. syste0s which hel2s to re#uce 2ower #e0an# So0eti0es isolate# syste0 inresi#ential areas conserves the ener%y

    E U2%ra#in% .lectrical 0ar6etH /ower exchan%e 2rovi#es an electronic 2lat-or0 to-acilitate tra#in% o- electricity at national level Initiate# Renewable ener%y tra#e since

    ('11 In#ia ran6s -ourth -or its 0ar6et 2otential in renewable ener%y

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    9/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA

    )hallenges in Integration of renewable with Smart grid:-

    "ariable %eneration+ 2rovi#e# by 0any renewable=ener%y sources+ is a challen%e to

    electric %ri# o2erations 4ut when use# in inte%ration with s0art %ri# as res2onsive #istribute#

    %eneration can be a 2ro-it to syste0 o2erations i- coor#inate# to relieve stress in the syste0 $e%+

    2ea6 loa#+ line overloa#s+ etc* S0art %ri# a22roaches can re#uce barriers an# -acilitate

    inte%ration o- renewable resources

    The challen%es can be cate%ori@e# below as technical+ -inancial+ business an# societal issues

    A--*echnical:-

    1 A#vance# Control Strate%iesH Solar an# win# 2ower 2lants exhibit chan%in% #yna0ics+nonlinearities+ an# uncertainties ,ence s0art %ri# re7uire a#vance# control strate%ies to

    solve e--ectively The use o- 0ore e--icient control techni7ues woul# not only increase

    the 2er-or0ance o- these syste0s+ but woul# increase the nu0ber o- o2erational hours o-

    solar an# win# 2lants an# thus re#uce the cost 2er 6ilowatt=hour $K9h* 2ro#uce#

    ( 9in# an# solar ener%y are both inter0ittent resources 9in# behavior chan%es #aily an#seasonally+ an# sunli%ht is only available #urin% #ayli%ht hours 4oth win# an# solar

    ener%y can be viewe# as a%%re%ate resources -ro0 the 2oint o- view o- a 2ower %ri#+ withlevels that vary within a 1' 0inute to 1 hour ti0e -ra0e+ so they #o not re2resent the

    sa0e -or0 o- inter0ittency as an un2lanne# interru2tion in a lar%e base=loa# %enerator

    B Research in technolo%y is still in 2ro%ress ,ence existin% %eneration an# #eliveryin-rastructure $ie le%acy* o- R. syste0s 0ust be a#a2tive to wor6 with new

    technolo%ies

    4ein% -lexible to chan%in% technolo%ies re7uire i#enti-yin% the vital inter-ace betweentechnolo%y co02onents

    E Achievin% association across service 2rovi#ers+ en#=users an# technolo%y su22liers is#i--icult in 2articularly in %rowin% international 0ar6et 2lace .xchan%e o- 6nowle#%e

    an# in-or0ation can allow 0ulti2le 2arties to connect their #evices an# syste0 -or 2ro2er

    interaction+ but attainin% intero2erability is #i--icult

    (-(usiness and financial:-

    1 Un#erstan#in% an# co00unicatin% the value 2ro2osition o- a s0art %ri# #e2loy0ent -oreach sta6ehol#er in the electricity su22ly chain is scary

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    10/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA 1'

    ( The -inancial environ0ent ris6 an# rewar# can challen%e business 2lan -or s0art %ri#invest0ents as well as in Renewable ener%y syste0

    B Re%ulatory un#erstan#in% an# sensitivity to 2rovi#in% an a22ro2riate environ0ent -ors0art %ri# invest0ent ta6es 2lace Re%ulatory #ecisions $or lac6 o- #ecisions* can create

    new challen%es

    evelo2in% an a22ro2riate incentive structure that ali%ns econo0ic an# re%ulatory2olicies with ener%y=e--iciency an# environ0ental %oal nee#s to be tailore# to each

    0e0ber econo0y

    )-Societal:-

    1 Strate%ies nee# to account -or a variety o- 2olicy objectives $a--or#ability+ sustainability+%rowth an# cultural values*

    ( Assi%nin% value to externalities+ such as environ0ental i02acts+ is #i--icult+ butnecessary+ in balance# #ecision= 0a6in%

    B Un#erstan#in% an# accountin% -or the bene-icial as2ects o- s0art %ri# invest0ents as a0echanis0 -or job creation an# a#vancin% a technically s6ille# wor6-orce nee#s

    #evelo20ent

    Freater awareness about ca2abilities o- s0art %ri# an# there bene-its -or i02rovin%ener%y=e--iciency an# renewable resource inte%ration 2olicies

    E Research an# #evelo20ent activitiesH the s2ee# with which new i#eas an# #e2loy0enttactics are bein% %enerate#

    )ase Study: &a+or Power failure in India -,.,:-

    On B'th

    June ('1( the two sta%es in !orth In#ia have #rawn excess 2ower -ro0 the %ri#

    which resulte# in #ro22in% -re7uency level which tri22e# the !.9 %ri# an# casca#e# the

    !orthern an# .astern Fri# 9estern %ri# has isolate# itsel- -ro0 !.9 %ri# by re#ucin% the#e0an# A0on% the two 0ajor circuits lin6in% A%ra=Fwalior an# a line lin6in% Ler#a in Fujarat

    an# Kan6roli in Rajasthan were out -or 0aintenance which 0ain lin6s connectin% western an#

    northen %ri# /rior to -ault on (thone o- this line was heavily loa#e# by aroun# 1'''M9 2ower

    -lowin% throu%h a sin%le circuit brou%ht it on a ver%e o- Colla2se by B20

    4ecause o- such critical con#ition at (B' 20 the !orthern trans0ission %ri# colla2se#

    an# too6 elhi+ ,aryana+ /unjab+ Ja00u & Kash0ir+ ,i0achal /ra#esh+ Uttara6han#+ Uttar

    /ra#esh+ Rajasthan an# Chhattis%arh into #ar6ness !T/C3s six 2lantsH Sin%rauli $(''' M9*+

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    11/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA 11

    Rihan# $(E'' M9*+ a#ri $1)('*+ Auiya $8E( M9*+ Anta $1B M9* an# 4a#ra2ur $'E M9*

    sto22e# %eneratin% -ollowin% the -ailure

    Vital /bservations:-

    Due to the above mentioned failure some vital observations were carried out which are

    as mentioned below:-

    Railways and Delhi Metro came to halt for few hours due to failure of signaling systems. About 270 miners were stuc in coal mines in eastern !ndia as elevators sto""ed

    woring.

    Restoration time #$ hours %&0' of service(. Delhi Air"ort was o"en because of bac-u" "ower %Micro-)rid( in #$ seconds. *il refineries in +ani"at, Mathura hatinda continued o"erating because of ca"tive

    "ower stations %inde"endent of grid(.

    /illages lie Meerwada in Madhya +radesh were unaffected, because of # 1 solar"ower station.

    Maority of industries, sho""ing malls, commercial com"le3es not affected due to theirbacu" systems which were run by diesel generators.

    Maor !4 hubs, small commercial sectors and some agricultural loads were still in linedue to renewable energy generation lie solar energy 1ind energy.

    Due to this integrated system some of the maor brea downs were "revented by the use of

    such integrated systems and the minor "art of northern grid was o"erating without any

    disturbances. !f this would have been im"lemented on the com"lete grid system might be this

    maor blac out would have been "revented. 4hus integrating renewable energy into grid

    re5uires not only new technology but new attitude and o"erating "rocedure.

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    12/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA 1(

    )onclusion:-

    Renewable %eneration has the bene-it o- enhancin% sustainability $re#ucin% environ0ental

    i02acts*+ re#ucin% %reenhouse %as $F,F* e0issions+ re#ucin% #e2en#ence on local or i02orte#

    -ossil -uels+ an# increasin% ener%y security throu%h #iversi-ication o- ener%y sources

    S0art %ri# technolo%y can control renewable resources to e--ect chan%es in the %ri#3s

    o2eratin% con#itions an# can 2rovi#e a##itional bene-its as #istribute# %eneration assets or when

    installe# at the trans0ission level

    istribute# %eneration can su22ort wea6 %ri#s+ a##in% %ri# volta%e an# i02rovin% 2ower

    7uality In certain circu0stances+ #istribute# %eneration can be use# in conjunction with

    ca2acitor ban6s -or 0ana%e0ent o- 2ower -lows or to 0ana%e active an# reactive 2ower balance

    I- harveste# an# ta6en care o- control syste0+

    "Renewable Resources will act as Smart Grid Assets

  • 8/13/2019 Akll ebekeler ve Entegrasyon yek

    13/13

    Rexjournal Renewable Research Journal

    Issue 1 JJT University & COSIA 1B

    Central statistics o--ice national statistical or%ani@ation 0inistry o- statistics an#2ro%ra00e i02le0entation %overn0ent o- In#ia $www0os2i%ovin*

    !ebsites

    htt2www2ower%ri#innational %ri#ht0l htt2Hwww2ower0ininloa##is2acthcenter htt2Hwwwoeener%y%ovocu0entsan#Me#iasta6ehol#erNroun#tableNse2tN'N-in

    al(''2#-

    (oo0s

    The In#ia Solar ,an#boo6 June ('1( e#ition Renewable ener%y technolo%ies by Ra0esh R /ublicationH= !arose 2ublishin%

    house

    Renewable ener%y sources an# their environ0ental i02act by Abbasi SA Abbasi !/ublicationH = /,I!ew elhi

    Renewable ener%y sources an# e0er%in% technolo%ies by /Kothari Si%al KC/ublicationH= /,I!ew elhi