50 Common Interview Questions And Answers,

Review these typical interview questions and think about how you wouldanswer them. Read the questions listed; you will also find somestrategy suggestions with it.

1. Tell me about yourself:The most often asked question in interviews. You need to have a shortstatement prepared in your mind. Be careful that it does not soundrehearsed. Limit it to work-related items unless instructed otherwise.Talk about things you have done and jobs you have held that relate tothe position you are interviewing for. Start with the item farthestback and work up to the present.

2. Why did you leave your last job?Stay positive regardless of the circumstances. Never refer to a majorproblem with management and never speak ill of supervisors, co-workersor the organization. If you do, you will be the one looking bad. Keepsmiling and talk about leaving for a positive reason such as anopportunity, a chance to do something special or other forward-lookingreasons.

3. What experience do you have in this field?Speak about specifics that relate to the position you are applying for.If you do not have specific experience, get as close as you can.

4. Do you consider yourself successful?You should always answer yes and briefly explain why. A goodexplanation is that you have set goals, and you have met some and areon track to achieve the others.

5. What do co-workers say about you?Be prepared with a quote or two from co-workers. Either a specificstatement or a paraphrase will work. Jill Clark, a co-worker at SmithCompany, always said I was the hardest workers she had ever known. Itis as powerful as Jill having said it at the interview herself.

6. What do you know about this organization?This question is one reason to do some research on the organizationbefore the interview. Find out where they have been and where they aregoing. What are the current issues and who are the major players?

7. What have you done to improve your knowledge in the last year?Try to include improvement activities that relate to the job. A widevariety of activities can be mentioned as positive self-improvement.Have some good ones handy to mention.

8. Are you applying for other jobs?Be honest but do not spend a lot of time in this area. Keep the focuson this job and what you can do for this organization. Anything else isa distraction.

9. Why do you want to work for this organization?This may take some thought and certainly, should be based on theresearch you have done on the organization. Sincerity is extremelyimportant here and will easily be sensed. Relate it to your long-termcareer goals.

10. Do you know anyone who works for us?Be aware of the policy on relatives working for the organization. Thiscan affect your answer even though they asked about friends notrelatives. Be careful to mention a friend only if they are well thoughtof.

11. What kind of salary do you need?A loaded question. A nasty little game that you will probably lose ifyou answer first. So, do not answer it. Instead, say something like,That's a tough question. Can you tell me the range for this position?In most cases, the interviewer, taken off guard, will tell you. If not,say that it can depend on the details of the job. Then give a widerange.

12. Are you a team player?You are, of course, a team player. Be sure to have examples ready.Specifics that show you often perform for the good of the team ratherthan for yourself are good evidence of your team attitude. Do not brag,just say it in a matter-of-fact tone. This is a key point.

13. How long would you expect to work for us if hired?Specifics here are not good. Something like this should work: I'd likeit to be a long time. Or As long as we both feel I'm doing a good job.

14. Have you ever had to fire anyone? How did you feel about that?This is serious. Do not make light of it or in any way seem like youlike to fire people. At the same time, you will do it when it is theright thing to do. When it comes to the organization versus theindividual who has created a harmful situation, you will protect theorganization. Remember firing is not the same as layoff or reduction inforce.

15. What is your philosophy towards work?The interviewer is not looking for a long or flowery dissertation here.Do you have strong feelings that the job gets done? Yes. That's thetype of answer that works best here. Short and positive, showing abenefit to the organization.

16. If you had enough money to retire right now, would you?Answer yes if you would. But since you need to work, this is the typeof work you prefer. Do not say yes if you do not mean it.

17. Have you ever been asked to leave a position?If you have not, say no. If you have, be honest, brief and avoid sayingnegative things about the people or organization involved.

18. Explain how you would be an asset to this organizationYou should be anxious for this question. It gives you a chance tohighlight your best points as they relate to the position beingdiscussed. Give a little advance thought to this relationship.

19. Why should we hire you?Point out how your assets meet what the organization needs. Do notmention any other candidates to make a comparison.

20. Tell me about a suggestion you have madeHave a good one ready. Be sure and use a suggestion that was acceptedand was then considered successful. One related to the type of workapplied for is a real plus.

21. What irritates you about co-workers?This is a trap question. Think real hard but fail to come up withanything that irritates you. A short statement that you seem to getalong with folks is great.

22. What is your greatest strength?Numerous answers are good, just stay positive. A few good examples:Your ability to prioritize, Your problem-solving skills, Your abilityto work under pressure, Your ability to focus on projects, Yourprofessional expertise, Your leadership skills, Your positive attitude

23. Tell me about your dream job.Stay away from a specific job. You cannot win. If you say the job youare contending for is it, you strain credibility. If you say anotherjob is it, you plant the suspicion that you will be dissatisfied withthis position if hired. The best is to stay genetic and say somethinglike: A job where I love the work, like the people, can contribute andcan't wait to get to work.

24. Why do you think you would do well at this job?Give several reasons and include skills, experience and interest.

25. What are you looking for in a job?See answer # 23

26. What kind of person would you refuse to work with?Do not be trivial. It would take disloyalty to the organization,violence or lawbreaking to get you to object. Minor objections willlabel you as a whiner.

27. What is more important to you: the money or the work?Money is always important, but the work is the most important. There isno better answer.

28. What would your previous supervisor say your strongest point is?There are numerous good possibilities:Loyalty, Energy, Positive attitude, Leadership, Team player, Expertise,Initiative, Patience, Hard work, Creativity, Problem solver

29. Tell me about a problem you had with a supervisorBiggest trap of all. This is a test to see if you will speak ill ofyour boss. If you fall for it and tell about a problem with a formerboss, you may well below the interview right there. Stay positive anddevelop a poor memory about any trouble with a supervisor.

30. What has disappointed you about a job?Don't get trivial or negative. Safe areas are few but can include:Not enough of a challenge. You were laid off in a reduction Company didnot win a contract, which would have given you more responsibility.

31. Tell me about your ability to work under pressure.You may say that you thrive under certain types of pressure. Give anexample that relates to the type of position applied for.32. Do your skills match this job or another job more closely?Probably this one. Do not give fuel to the suspicion that you may wantanother job more than this one.

33. What motivates you to do your best on the job?This is a personal trait that only you can say, but good examples are:Challenge, Achievement, Recognition

34. Are you willing to work overtime? Nights? Weekends?This is up to you. Be totally honest.

35. How would you know you were successful on this job?Several ways are good measures:You set high standards for yourself and meet them. Your outcomes are asuccess.Your boss tell you that you are successful

36. Would you be willing to relocate if required?You should be clear on this with your family prior to the interview ifyou think there is a chance it may come up. Do not say yes just to getthe job if the real answer is no. This can create a lot of problemslater on in your career. Be honest at this point and save yourselffuture grief.

37. Are you willing to put the interests of the organization ahead ofyour own?This is a straight loyalty and dedication question. Do not worry aboutthe deep ethical and philosophical implications. Just say yes.

38. Describe your management style.Try to avoid labels. Some of the more common labels, like progressive,salesman or consensus, can have several meanings or descriptionsdepending on which management expert you listen to. The situationalstyle is safe, because it says you will manage according to thesituation, instead of one size fits all.

39. What have you learned from mistakes on the job?Here you have to come up with something or you strain credibility. Makeit small, well intentioned mistake with a positive lesson learned. Anexample would be working too far ahead of colleagues on a project andthus throwing coordination off.

40. Do you have any blind spots?Trick question. If you know about blind spots, they are no longer blindspots. Do not reveal any personal areas of concern here. Let them dotheir own discovery on your bad points. Do not hand it to them.

41. If you were hiring a person for this job, what would you look for?Be careful to mention traits that are needed and that you have.

42. Do you think you are overqualified for this position?

Regardless of your qualifications, state that you are very wellqualified for the position.

43. How do you propose to compensate for your lack of experience?First, if you have experience that the interviewer does not know about,bring that up: Then, point out (if true) that you are a hard workingquick learner.

44. What qualities do you look for in a boss?Be generic and positive. Safe qualities are knowledgeable, a sense ofhumor, fair, loyal to subordinates and holder of high standards. Allbosses think they have these traits.

45. Tell me about a time when you helped resolve a dispute betweenothers.Pick a specific incident. Concentrate on your problem solving techniqueand not the dispute you settled.

46. What position do you prefer on a team working on a project?Be honest. If you are comfortable in different roles, point that out.

47. Describe your work ethic.Emphasize benefits to the organization. Things like, determination toget the job done and work hard but enjoy your work are good.

48. What has been your biggest professional disappointment?Be sure that you refer to something that was beyond your control. Showacceptance and no negative feelings.

49. Tell me about the most fun you have had on the job.Talk about having fun by accomplishing something for the organization.

50. Do you have any questions for me?Always have some questions prepared. Questions prepared where you willbe an asset to the organization are good. How soon will I be able to beproductive? and What type of projects will I be able to assist on? areexamples.

RF Interview questions

1.       Which transmission line supports Quasi-TEM a) Stripline            b) Microstrip Line      c) Coupled Stripline      d) Coaxial Line

2.       Two isotropic antennas are separated by a distance of 2 wavelengths, if both the antennas are fed with currents of equal phase and magnitude the number of lobes in the radiation pattern in the horizontal plane are a) 2      b) 4      c) 6      d) 8 3.       Given S-parameter corresponds to which microwave component a) Power Divider            b) Coupler            c) Circulator            d) Filter

4.       EMPIRE is based on which method a) FEM            b) BEM            c) FDTD      d) MOM

5.       1 watt is a) 10dBm            b) 20dBm      c) 30dBm      d) 40dBm

6.       Where is the LNA placed a)      Between Antenna and BPF b)      Between Antenna and Power Amplifier c)      Between Antenna and Mixer d)      Between Mixer and Antenna

7.       A rectangular air filled wave-guide has cross section of 4cm x 10 cm. The minimum frequency which can propagate in the wave-guide is a) 1.5 GHz            b) 2 GHz      c) 2.5 GHz      d) 3.5 GHz

8.        A 1km long microwave link uses two antennas each having 30dB gain. If the power transmitted by one antenna is 1w at 3GHz the power received by the other antenna is a) 98.6 m watts      b) 63.4 m watts c) 76.8 m watts            d) 55.2 m watts

9.       Which of the following is True or False a)      Data rate is inversely proportional to Distance b)      Antenna acts as a load c)      Directivity is inversely proportional to Distance d)      Patch antenna is used in high power applications.

10.  The far-field region is commonly taken to exist at (D is the maximum overall dimension of the source) a)      Distances greater than 2D2/ from the source b)      Distances lesser than  /4 from the source c)      Distances greater than  /4 from the source

d)      Distances lesser than 2D2/ from the source

11.   If the frequency were 12GHz, what would be the wavelength? a) 25mm      b) 2.5mm      c) 0.25 mm      d) 250mm

12.   What is the frequency range if the antenna is operating at Ku-band? a) 4-8GHz      b) 8-12GHz      c) 12-18GHz      d) 18-27GHz

13.   For a given permittivity of 4 and permeability of 2, what is the wave impedance? a) 266.5      b) 533.0      c) 377.0            d) 133.2

14.   In Smith chart, what is the wavelength it will cover for the first 1800 or first half circle. a)        b)  /2            c)  /4            d) 2

15.   If source impedance is 50 Ohms and the load impedance is 100 Ohms, what will be the line impedance of the Quarter Wave Transformer? a) 14.14 Ohms      b) 50 Ohms      c) 1.414 Ohms      d) 70.7 Ohms

16.   Compute the skin depth of copper at a frequency of 20GHz. (Conductivity of copper = 5.813 x 107 mho). a) 8.14 x 10-7      b) 6.6 x 10-7      c) 6.4 x 10-7      d) 4.6 x 10-7

17.   Zigbee network is mainly used for a)      Signaling and Monitoring b)      High Speed Data Transfer c)      Voice Transfer d)      Video Transmission

18.   Ideal Power Supply has a)      Zero internal resistance b)      High O/P resistance c)      High I/P resistance d)      Low O/P resistance

19.   Which type of transmission line will have maximum value of characteristic impedance a)      Open Wire line b)      Coaxial Cable c)      Twin lead line d)      None 20.   Write the relation between Standing Wave Ratio and Reflection Coefficient?

21.   Draw the equivalent circuit of the transmission line.

by arasu 

Re: RF Interview questions

Hi, Some more questions on rf design

1.      What’s a PCB? multilayer, calculation of impedance, skin effect, loss, grounding technique, isolation technique2.      Name some band definitions. L-Band – 1-2 GHz, S-Band – 2-4 GHz, C-Band – 4-8 GHz, X-Band – 8-12 GHz, Ku-Band – 12-18 GHz.3.      What’s the definition of gain? The signal going into the device is smaller than the signal going out.4.      What’s a definition of an amplifier? It’s a device that exhibits gain.5.      Insertion loss? The signal going in is greater than the signal that’s coming out.6.      Thermal impedance? A measure of how hot the device gets with varying electrical input.7.      What’s the relation between dB and change of signal? +3 dB is 2 times bigger, +10 dB is 10 times bigger.8.      What’s an octave? The bandwidth characterized by higher band being twice as much as lower band (100-200 MHz).9.      What’s a decade? A bandwidth, where the higher band is 10x the lower band (100 MHz – 1 GHz).10.      Skin effect? The signal is reported on the surface of the object, but not inside, e.g. a solid brick wall.11.      VSWR? Voltage Standing Wave Ratio. The numeric representation of the device leak, written like X:1 where X is greater when the leak is greater and 1:1 is the absolute no-leakage VSWR.12.      Describe an impedance matching circuit. A circuit capable of changing the impedance with different values for incoming and outgoing impedance.13.      Describe circular polarization. The signal travels both vertically and horizontally.14.      What’s the job of the amplifier? To increase the incoming signal.15.      What is noise figure? The level of noise that a low-noise amplifier (LNA) is capable of discriminating.16.      What’s a transfer curve? It is a graph of the output power versus the input power of an amplifier.17.      What’s the 911 point? The point where the input power results in flames on the other end.18.      What’s saturation point? The point where the amplifier loses its linearity of the transfer curve.19.      What does balanced amplifier consist of? Two amplifiers stuck together.20.      What is the filters function? To filter out all the unwanted radio signals.21.      What filter types are there? Low-pass (all frequencies below are allowed to pass in), high-pass, bandpass (all frequencies of a given bandwidth are allowed) and band-reject.22.      What are saw filters used for? Very low frequency filtering.23.      What are mixers used for? To change the frequency of the signal.24.      What’s a superheterodyne receiver? It’s a receiver that uses two mixers in a row.25.      Describe VCO. Voltage-controlled oscillators change the frequency of the produced sine wave depending on the voltage they receive.

26.      Describe more on the function of PLL ? 

Re: RF Interview questions

Channels and TDMA structure35. Why do we use Multiple Access Schemes? What is the difference between FDMA, TDMA and CDMA?36. Which channel(s) is used for SMS?

37. Which channel is used by MS to request access to the network?38. What is AGCH?39. Why do we need SDCCH?40. What is a physical channel? How do we differentiate between physical and logical channels?41. What are TDMA frames, multiframes, superframes and hyperframes?42. Why do we need FCCH, SCH and BCCH?43. Why do we need SACCH?44. What is the purpose of PCH and CBCH?45. Do we keep BCCH on a hopping radio? Give the reason to support your answer.46. How much delay is present between downlink and uplink frames? Why do we need this delay?47. Explain the structure of a Traffic Multiframe. Why do we need SACCH and Idle bursts in a traffic multiframe?48. How is a FACCH formed? When is a FACCH used?49. What are bursts? Explain various types of bursts.Radio Propagation and Antennas50. What is VSWR? Why do we need it?51. What do you mean by EIRP?52. What is Polarisation? What are the types of polarisation?53. What is fading? What are its different types: a) Based on Multipath time delay spread b) Based on Doppler Spread?54. What is Rayleigh Fading?55. What is multipath fading?

56. How can we minimise multipath fading?57. What are the different types of diversity?58. Explain various types of Antenna Diversity?59. Explain Frequency Diversity.60. Explain Time Diversity.61. What are the basic mechanisms of propagation?62. What do you mean by Diffraction?63. What is knife-edge diffraction?64. What is Scattering?65. What is FSPL?66. What is meant by Fresnel zone and Fraunhofer zone?

67. What is beamwidth? What is the relation of beamwidth to length of antenna?68. Define: a) Bandwidth, b) 3dB Bandwidth and c) absolute Bandwidth d) Coherence Bandwidth e) Modulation Bandwidth f) Null-to-Null Bandwidth?69. What do we understand from the terms a) SNR b) F/B ratio?Handovers

by sanjeev 

Re: RF Interview questions

70. What are the types of Handovers (intra-bsc, inter-msc, etc)?71. What can be the reasons of Handover Failure?72. What is the difference between a soft handover and a hard handover?73. What are SYNC handovers? How are the different from asynchronous handovers?74. What are emergency handovers?75. What are the different types of Handovers? (PBGT, Quality, Level, etc)76. How do we classify the handovers on the basis of decision making?77. What are Vertical and Horizontal handovers?78. What is “Multilayer Handoff” Strategy? What is “Ping pong effect” and “take-back”?79. Who makes the handover decisions in GSM?80. What is the role of the MSC in handovers?81. What is the role of the MS in handovers?Modulation82. Which modulation scheme is used in GSM? Explain.83. What is the difference between PSK, ASK and FSK?84. What are QPSK and OQPSK?85. What is MSK? What is its application in GSM?86. What is QAM? What is its application in GSM?87. What is meant by PAM and PCM? What is its application in GSM?88. Explain FDM, TDM and OFDM.89. Which modulation scheme is used in GPRS? In EDGE? Explain/Compare.Drive Testing90. What is C/I?91. What is C/A?92. What is RxQual? How do we relate it to BER?93. What is the difference between BER-Full and BER-Sub?94. What is SQI? Why do we prefer it over RxQual?95. What is BSIC? Why do we need it?96. What is AMR?

97. What can be the reasons of a Call drop?98. What are counters? Why do we need them?99. When do we need drive test?100. What is cell-reselection?101. What are C1 & C2?102. What is call re-establishment?103. Why do we make “short calls” and “long calls” during drive test?104. What do you mean by CEFR and CSSR?105. What is RSSI?106. What is the difference between RxLev and RxQual?107. What is the difference between FER and BER?Procedures108. What is cell selection? How does MS select a cell?109. Explain the call flow for MOC and MTC.110. Handover procedures.111. How does a MS get “registered” with the network? (Explain IMSI attach procedure)GPRS and EDGE112. What is GPRS?113. What is the basic difference between GSM and GPRS architecture?114. What makes GPRS technology different from traditional GSM?115. What are the functions of GGSN and SGSN?

116. How many coding schemes are used in GPRS? Why are they important?117. What is the gross data rate offered by GPRS and EDGE?118. What is EDGE? How is it different from normal GSM/GPRS?119. How do we classify GPRS terminals?GSM System Architecture120. What are the main components of BSS?121. What are the main components of NSS?122. Why do we need HLR and VLR?123. Why do we need EIR and AuC?124. What is RBS?125. What are the paging limitations of a BSC?126. What is a coupling system?127. What do we mean by E1 and T1?

Answer - Chosen by Voters

Hey hope this little write up will help you with the concept of TDMA and CDMA.

1. GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications).............. GSM is the “branded” term referring to a particular use of TDMA (Time-Division Multiple Access) technology. GSM is the dominant technology used around the globe and is available in more than 100 countries. It is the standard for communication for most of Asia and Europe. GSM operates on four separate frequencies: You’ll find the 900MHz and 1,800MHz bands in Europe and Asia and the 850MHz and 1,900MHz (sometimes referred to as 1.9GHz) bands in North America and Latin America. GSM allows for eight simultaneous calls on the same radio frequency and uses “narrowband” TDMA, the technology that enables digital transmissions between a mobile phone and a base station. With TDMA the frequency band is divided into multiple channels which are then stacked together into a single stream, hence the term narrowband. This technology allows several callers to share the same channel at the same time.

2. CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access).............................. CDMA takes an entirely different approach from GSM/TDMA. CDMA spreads data out over the channel after the channel is digitized. Multiple calls can then be overlaid on top of one another across the entire channel, with each assigned its own “sequence code” to keep the signal distinct. CDMA offers more efficient use of an analog transmission because it allows greater frequency reuse, as well as increasing battery life, improving the rate of dropped calls, and offering far greater security than GSM/TDMA. For this reason CDMA has strong support from experts who favor widespread development of CDMA networks across the globe. Currently, you will find CDMA mostly in the United States, Canada, and North and South Korea. (As an interesting aside, CDMA was actually invented for the military during World War II for field communications.)

3. The Main points of contention between TDMA and CDMA is as below:-

a. Data Transfer Speed:..................................… With the advent of cellular phones doing double and triple duty as streaming video devices, podcast receivers and email devices, speed is important to those who use the phone for more than making calls. CDMA has been traditionally faster than GSM, though both technologies continue to rapidly leapfrog along this path. Both boast "3G" standards, or 3rd generation technologies.EVDO, also known as CDMA2000, is CDMA's answer to the need for speed with a downstream rate of about 2 megabits per second, though some reports suggest real world speeds are closer to 300-700 kilobits per second (kbps). This is comparable to basic DSL. EVDO is in the process of being deployed. It is not available everywhere and requires a phone that is CDMA2000 ready. GSM's answer is EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution), which boasts data rates of up to 384 kbps with real world speeds reported closer to 70-140 kbps. With added technologies still in the works that include UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone Standard) and HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access), speeds reportedly increase to about 275—380 kbps. This technology is also known as W-CDMA, but is incompatible with CDMA networks. An EDGE-ready phone is required.

b. Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) cards: ............................ In most of the countries only GSM phones use SIM cards. The removable SIM card allows phones to be instantly activated, interchanged, swapped out and upgraded, all without carrier intervention. The SIM itself is tied to the network, rather than the actual phone. Phones that are card-enabled can be used with any GSM carrier. The CDMA equivalent, a R-UIM card, is only available in parts of Asia . CDMA carriers require proprietary handsets that are linked to one carrier only and are not card-enabled. To upgrade a CDMA phone, the carrier must deactivate the old phone then activate the new one. The old phone becomes useless

c. Roaming: ........................................… For the most part, both networks have fairly concentrated coverage in major cities and along major highways. GSM carriers, however, have roaming contracts with other GSM carriers, allowing wider coverage of more rural areas, generally speaking, often without roaming charges to the customer. CDMA networks may not cover rural areas as well as GSM carriers, and though they may contract with GSM cells for roaming in more rural areas, the charge to the customer will generally be significantly higher.

d. International Roaming:................................… If you need to make calls to other countries, a GSM carrier can offer international roaming, as GSM networks dominate the world market. If you travel to other countries you can even use your GSM cell phone abroad

gsm is stands for global system for mobile communication. ituse tdma & fdma techniques as access mechanism . in gsm wedevide bandwidth in to time slots for better utilization ofbandwidth.

cdma stands for code devision muliple access it use cdmatechniques as access mechanism . in cdma we allocate aunique code for every user saparately and allocate bandwidthto user

 

What is the main difference between GSM & CDMA? Answer# 1 gsm is global system for mobile communication. it uses fdma & tdma.

cdma:- it stands for code division mutiple access.