15.1 providing first aid pages 379-382 key words: first aid, triage, emt, and first responder leq:...
TRANSCRIPT
15.1 Providing First 15.1 Providing First AidAid
Pages 379-382
Key Words: First Aid, Triage, EMT, and First Responder
LEQ: How does remaining calm influence the outcome of first aid?
What is What is First AidFirst Aid??Immediate care that is given
to the victim of an injury or illness to minimize the effect of the injury or illness until experts can take over
Proper First AidProper First Aid
Can mean the difference between life and death
Recovery versus permanent disability
In the time of need knowing how to help yourself and others
Remain Calm!!!Remain Calm!!! In order to make the
right decisions and provide proper care, you must remain calm and in control of the situation
You must be able to choose what care is appropriate for the injury
Step One in Any Step One in Any EmergencyEmergency
You must recognize that an emergency exists!!
Use all of your senses during an emergency and trust your “gut feeling”
Use Your SensesUse Your Senses Listen for Unusual Sounds
( glass breaking, screaming, changes in equipment, calls for help etc..)
Look for Unusual Sights
( empty medicine bottles, damaged wires, stalled car, blood, or chemicals )
Note any Unusual, Unfamiliar, or Strange Odors
( chemicals, natural gas, smoke, or pungent fumes) Watch for Unusual Appearances or Behaviors
( dyspnea, clutching the chest or throat, abnormal skin color, confusion, diaphoresis, or pain )
Once You Know there is an Once You Know there is an Emergency, Take Appropriate Emergency, Take Appropriate
ActionsActionsCheck the Scene ( Danger? Victims and
Where?)If the Scene is NOT SAFE, Call for EMS
and waitDo not endanger yourself or the lives of
others
Assess the VictimAssess the VictimDetermine if they
are ConsciousNever Move an
injured person unless the victim is in immediate danger
Moving an injured victim may cause more damage
EMS ( Emergency Medical EMS ( Emergency Medical Services ) is EssentialServices ) is Essential
Time is Critical so contact EMS ASAP911 = Describe the situation, actions taken,
exact location, telephone number from which you are calling, assistance required, number of victims, and their condition
DO NOT HANG UP with 911 until told to do so
You may have to give others direction
LEGAL ISSUESLEGAL ISSUES If possible, obtain the patients
permission to treat them Introduce yourself If the victim is a child, obtain
parents permission if they are present
If the victim does not give consent, DO NOT treat the victim; contact 911 and alert them of the situation *witness
“Good Samaritan Act” Provide ONLY the treatment you are qualified to provide
What is What is TRIAGETRIAGETriage is a method of prioritizing treatmentWhen there are two or more victims, Triage
helps determine who is treated firstAlways start with Life-Threatening and
work your way down in priority
Life-ThreateningLife-ThreateningNot Breathing or
Difficulty BreathingNo PulseSevere BleedingChest PainSevere Abdominal
PainVomiting Blood
PoisoningHead, Neck, or
Spinal InjuriesOpen Chest or
Abdominal Wounds
ShockSevere 2nd or 3rd
Degree Burns
Secondary Secondary Fractures1st Degree BurnsVital SignsTemperature,
Color, and Moistness of the Skin
Compare the Pupils
Look for Fluid or Blood coming from the Mouth, Nose, or Ears
Gently examine the body for Bruises, Swelling, or Painful areas
** Always inform EMS of Your Findings
Sources of InformationSources of InformationYour AssessmentThe VictimWitnessesMedical ID
BraceletsMedical NecklaceMedical CardWallet
Empty Medicine Bottles
Cell PhoneBottles of
ChemicalsBottles of SolutionInsectsSurroundings
General PrinciplesGeneral PrinciplesObtain Qualified Assistance ASAPAvoid Unnecessary MovementIf the Victim is Unconscious or Vomiting,
do not give them POReassure the VictimProtect them from Extreme WeatherWork Quickly, but in an organized mannerDo not make a diagnosis or discuss the
victims condition with observers only individuals that are assisting and EMS
EMT (Emergency Medical EMT (Emergency Medical Technician)Technician)
They provide emergency pre-hospital care to victims of accidents, injuries, or sudden illnesses
There are various levels of training for the different groups
First RespondersFirst RespondersCFR (Certified First Responder)CFR (Certified First Responder)
A First Responder is the first person to arrive at the scene of an illness or injury
Common Examples are Volunteers, Police Officers, Fire Fighters, or Immediate Family members trained in CPR and First Aid
Trained in Airway management, Oxygen Administration, Bleeding Control, and CPR
EMT-B ( Basic )EMT-B ( Basic )Mainly the Ambulance DriverTrained in providing care for a wide range
of illnesses and injuriesFracturesEmergency ChildbirthRescuing Trapped victimsTransporting Victims110 Hours of Direct Training NeededEMT-D can use the Defibrillator
EMT-I (Intermediate)EMT-I (Intermediate)
Everything and EMT-B and EMT-D can doAssess PatientManage ShockUse IV equipmentInsert Airways (Intubate)145 Hours of Direct Training
EMT-P ( Paramedic)EMT-P ( Paramedic)Can do everything EMT-B, D, and I can doProvide ACLS (Advanced Cardiac Life
Support)ECG InterpretationET Tube IntubationDrug AdministrationOperation of Complex Equipment and
Situations2 Years of Education Required