1

:yfgLo txdf cfalws ljsf; of]hgf th'{df

k|b]z ;dGjo kl/ifbsf] bf];|f] a}7s

!! dfu{ @)&%

8f= lul/wf/L zdf{ kf}8]n

pkfWoIf

k|b]z gLlt tyf of]hgf cfof]u

u08sL k|b]z kf]v/f, g]kfn

!= of]hgf th'{df

k|s[ofsf] k"j{tof/L

@=;d:ofsf] klxrfg

&=of]hgf

sfo{Gjog

of]hgf th'{df

^=cfjZos >f]t

;fwgsf] lgwf{/0f

$=ljsNk vf]hL /

n]vfhf]vf

(=of]hgf

:jLs[tL /

sfof{Gjog

%= of]hgfsf]

;f]r, nIo,

/0fgLlt, p2]Zo

/ sfo{qmd

lgwf{/0f

cfjlws of]hgf

th'{df rqm

*= of]hgf cg'udg /

d"Nof+Íg of]hgf

#= ;+efAo ;|f]tsf]

klxrfg

2

!= :yfgLo txdf cfalws ljsf; of]hgfsf] cfjZostf

la=;+= @)&@ -;g @)!%_ sf] ;]S6]Da/ dlxgfdf ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] la=;+ @)&@

b]lv @)*& -;g @)!^ b]lv @)#)_ ;Dddf ljZj ¿kfGt/0fsf] nflu dxTjsf+IfL !& j6f lbuf]

ljsf; nIo, !^( j6f kl/df0fTds nIo / @#@ j6f ;"rsx?sf] (Goals, Targets and Indicators)

3f]if0ff u¥of] . g]kfn o; lbuf] ljsf; nIo 3f]if0f ug]{ / sfof{Gjog ug{ x:tfIf/ ug]{ cu|0fL /fi6«

xf] . g]kfnn] la=;+= @)&@ -;g @)!%_ df lbuf] ljsf; nIosf] k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L

;+3Lo txdf lbuf] ljsf; nIo sfof{Gjog k|lqmof ;'? u¥of] / To;kl5sf cfalws Pa+ jflif{s

of]hgfdf lbuf] ljsf; nIonfO{ cfGtl/s/0f ub}{ nu]sf] 5 . /fHosf] k'g/;+/rgf kZrft lj=;+=

@)&#∕)&$ df -;g @)!& df_ :yfgLotx / k|b]ztxsf lgaf{rg ;DkGg kZrft :yfgLo / k|b]z

;/sf/x? u7g eO{ :yfgLo txdf ljsf; lgdf{0fn] ult lng yfn]sf] ;Gbe{df /fHosf ;a} txdf

of]hgf th"{df / sfof{Gjogdf k|lqmof lbuf] ljsf; nIonfO{ cfGtl/lss/0f / :yfgLos/0f ub}{

nfg'kg]{ cfjZostf ePsf]n] :yfgLo txdf lbuf] ljsf; nIod}qL cfalws of]hgf th'{df

cfjZos ePsf] xf] .

:yfgLotxx? aLr k|;:t ef}uf]lns ljljwtf 5 . ;fy} k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;DefJotf, cfly{s,

;fdflhs ljsf; / k"jf{wf/sf] pkl:yltsf] cj:yfdf klg k|z:t leGgtf /x]sf] 5 . oL ljljwtf

/ leGgtfaLr :yfgLotxn] cfcf+ˆgf If]qsf] ;dli6ut ljsf;sf nflu lbuf] ljsf; nIo

sfof{Gjogsf] ;+3Lo Kf|fo;nfO{ cfTd;fy ub}{ cfjZos cfjlws, jflif{s / /0fgLltut ljifo

If]qsf cNksfnLg, dWodsfnLg tyf bL3{sflng ljsf; of]hgf agfpg'kg]{ sfg"gL k|fjwfg /x]sf]

5 .

:yfgLo txnfO{ ljsf; of]hgf th{'df ;DaGwdf cfjZos 1fg, ;"rgf, k|ljlw / k|fljlws ;xof]u

k'¥ofpg / of]hgf th{'dfdf laxËd /fli6«o b[li6sf]0f k|ltlalDat ug]{, u/fpg] sfddf ;xof]u

k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] of] n]v tof/ ul/Psf] xf] . :yfgLotxn] cfˆgf] e":j?k, cfsf/, ;|f]t ;DefJotf,

df}h'bf ;+:yfTds Ifdtf / cfjZostf cg's'n cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf th{'df ug{'kb{5 .

o; n]vsf] p2]Zo /fli6«o tyf k|fb]lzs cfjlws of]hgf / :yfgLotxsf cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf

aLrsf] cGt/;DaGw :ki6 ug{ d2t k'¥ofpg] . :yfgLotxn] cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfdf c+fˆgf

If]qsf] ;dli6ut ljsf;sf nflu lng] nIo, p2]Zo / /0fgLltx? / of]hgf th{'dfsf nflu

;dfj]z x'g'kg]{ cfjZos k|fljlws ljifoj:t' :ki6 ug]{ / cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf th{'df

k|lqmofdf Ps¿ktfNofO{ ;xeflutf d"ns of]hgf k4ltnfO{ :yfgLo txdf ;+:yfut ub}{ cfjlws

ljsf; of]hgf th{'dfdf ;xof]u ug{' xf] .

3

@=:yfgLo txn] of]hgf th'{df ug]{ cfwf/

:yfgLotxn] cf+kmgf of]hgf th'{df ug]{ lgDg cfwf/x? 5gM

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ sf] cg';"rL * df Aofa:yf ePsf Psn clwsf/sf If]q .

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf /x]sf df}lnsxs, /fHosf lgb]{zs l;4fGt / :yfgLotxsf] clwsf/ .

/fli6«o k|fs[lts;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]usf] sfo{If]qn] lgw{f/0f u/]sf If]q .

:yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g @)&$ df /x]sf] cfjlws, jflif{s, /0fgLltut ljifo If]qut

dWosfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg ljsf; of]hgf agfpFbf ;d]l6g' kg]{ cGt/;DalGwt ljifo /

k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ ljifox? .

cGt/ ;/sf/L lat Joj:yfkg P]g, @)&$ df /x]sf] /fh:j afF8kmfF6, ;3Lo ljefHo sf]if,

k|fs[lts ;|f]taf6 k|fKt x'g] /f]oN6Lsf] afF8kmfF6, ljQLo ;dfgLs/0f cg'bfg, ;zt{ cg'bfg,

;dk"/s cg'bfg, j}b]lzs ;xfotf tyf cfGtl/s C0f ;DaGwL k|fjwfgx? .

;+3Lo tyf k|fb]zLs of]hgfx?M ;+3Lo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/jf6 hf/L of]hgfsf]] k|b]z tyf

:yfgLo txx¿ aLr cGt/;DaGwsf cfwf/df k"jf{wf/x¿sf] ljsf; u/L cfly{s tyf

;fdflhs cj;/x¿df gful/ssf] kx'Fr clej[l4 ug]{ nIo xf+l;n ug]{ laifox? .

lbuf] lasf; nIo ;DaGwdf :yfgLo txn] to ug'{kg]{ ;dk'/s tyf kl/k'/ssf] e"ldsf

lgaf{x ug{ .

k|b]z ;/sf/n] to u/]sf ljsf; nIo xf+l;n ug{ ;dk'/s / kl/k'/ssf] e'ldsf lgaf{x

ug{ .

/fli6«o e"pkof]u gLlt @)^(

lbuf] ljsf;sf nIo lj=;= @)&@—@)*&

;+3Lo ;/sf/n] hf/L u/]sf ljsf; ;xfotf gLlt

g]kfn kIf ePsf cGt/fl{\i6«o ;lGw ;Demf}tfdf AofQm ePsf k|lta4tfx?

;+3Lo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/n] lgdf{0f u/]sf cGo dfgsx?

4

#= /fli6«o, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf of]hgfaLr cGt/ ;DaGw

g]kfnsf] of]hgf k|0ffnL ;+3Lo ;+/rgf cg'?k ;+3Lo, k|b]z:t/ / :yfgLotx u/L tLg txsf x'G5g

. #=! ;+3Lo of]hgf

;+3Lo txdf of]hgfn] d"nt /fi6«Lo ;|f]t;fwg, If]qut ljsf; ;Gt'ng, cGt/ k|b]; :t/sf

ljsf;, cfwf/e"t ;]jfx?sf] /fli6«o Joj:yfkg, cGj]if0f cg';Gwfg, /fli6«o:t/sf of]hgf /

cg'udgnfO{ ;d]6\5 . ;3Lo jflif{s of]hgfdf /fli6«o ljsf; lgb]{lzt x'g] gLltsf cltl/Qm k|b]z

/ :yfgLotxsf] nflu ;|f]t x:tfGt/0f, k|b]z tyf :yfgLotxsf ;/sf/sf nflu ;3Lo

dfu{bz{gx? /x]sf] x'G5 . ;3Lo of]hgfx?df ;a}txsf] ;/sf/sf] nufgL ;|f]t / /fh:j kl/rfng

;DaGwL gLlt / sfof{Gjog Joj:yf /flvPsf] x'G5 . ;3Lo of]hgfdf /fi6«Lo ;/f]sf/sf ljifo,

lbuf] ljsf; nIo (Sustainable Development Goals) / dfgj ljsf; ;"rsfÍ lglb{i6 nIo k"/f

ug{ k|b]z / :yfgLotxaf6 ug{'kg]{ gLltut tyf sfo{qmdut ;3fp k'Ug] ljifoa:t' ;d]t

/flvPsf] x'G5 .

#=@ ;d[4 g]kfn / ;'vL g]kfnLsf] /fli6«o b'/b[li6« la=;+ @!)) (Vision 2100)

g]kfn ;/sf/n] laqmd ;Dat @!)) cy{ft @!cf} ztflAbsf] cGtdf ;d[4 g]kfn / ;'vL

g]kfnLsf] b'/b[li6« to u/]sf] 5 . pQm b'/b[li6« cGt/ut ;d[l4sf] nflu pRr / ;dtfd'ns /fli6«o

cfo, dfgj k"F+hL lgdf{0f tyf ;Defagfsf] k"0f{ pkof]u, ;a{;'ne tyf cfw'lgs k"af{wf/ Pad

cfa4tf / pTkfbg tyf pTkfbsTj h:tf nIox? to ePsf 5g . oL nIox? k|fKt ug{ pRr

cfo jf cf}Bf]lus /fi6« :t/sf] k|ltAoflQm cfo, z"Go lg/k]If ul/aL, /fli6«o cfDbfgLdf tNnf] $)

k|ltzt hg;+Vofsf] pRr cg'kft, u'0f:t/Lo, /f]huf/d'ns tyf hLjgkof]uL lzIff k|fKt gful/s,

:jf:Yo / nfdf] cfo' EfPsf g]kfnL . To:t}u/L pTkfbgl;n / dof{lbt /f]huf/Ldf ;+nUg

hg;+Vof, ;a{;'ne, ;'/lIft / cfw'lgs oftfoft ;]jf, ;x/L k"jf{{wf/df cfa4 hg;+Vof, :JfR5

phf{sf] pTkfbg tyf pkef]udf o;sf] cg'kft, ;"rgf k|lalwdf cfa4 hg;+Vof, s[lif jghGo

tyf cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg / cy{tGqdf ;f]sf] lx:;f, ;Gt'lnt cfoft lgof{t cg'kft, /lfi6«o, If]qut

tyf pTkfbgsf ;fwgsf] pRr pTkfbsTj, phf{ pkef]udf :aR5 phf{sf] pRr cg'kft h:tf

;"rsx? to ePsf 5g .

;'vsf] lgDtL kl/:s[t Pad dof{lbt hLjg ;Eo / Gofok"0f{ ;dfh, :jfYo / ;Gt'lnt kof{j/0f,

;'zf;g, ;an nf]stGq, /fli6«o Pstf / ;Ddfg h:tf nIox? to ePsf 5g . oL nIox?

k|fKt ug{ :j:Yo gful/s, ;'lawf ;DkGg tyf ;'/lIft cfaf;, ultlzn ;fdflhs ;dfh,

;fdflhs ;'/Iff tyf ;+/If0f, cfw'lgs ef}lts ;DklQdflysf] ;dtfd'ns k+x'Fr / pRr gful/s

;Gt'li6 . To:t}u/L lje]b / lx+;fd'Qm ;dfh, ;fdflhs ;f+:s[lts lalawtf k|a4{g tyf ;+/If0f,

sfg'gL zf;g, pRr ;bfrf/, ljB'lto k|f0fLndf cfwfl/t ;an, ;Ifd / hjfkmb]xL ;fa{hfgLs

5

;]jf, ;'b[9 ;+3Lo zf;g k|0ffnL, zflGt / l:y/tf, :jR5, :jtGq, / sd vlr{nf] lgjf{rg, df}lns

xssf] k|Tofe"lt, gful/s ;xeflutf, g]kfnLTjsf] pRr efjgf, pRr ;fdflhs ;befj, pRRf

dfgj tyf cGo ;'/Iff / cTofjZos a:t' / ;]jfdf cfTdlge{/tf h:tf ;"rsx? to ePsf 5g

. dfly pNn]lvt ;d[4 g]kfn / ;'vL g]kfnLsf] NfIo xf+l;n ug{ :yfgLo txn] cfalws Pad+

aflif{s of]hgf agfO{ sfof{Gjog u/L /fli6«o nIo xf+l;n ug{ ;dk'/ssf] e"ldsf lgaf{x ug'kb{5 .

#=# k|b]z :t/sf] of]hgf

k|b]z txsf of]hgfx? e"pkof]u gLlt, s[lif Joj;flosLs/0f, k|fb]lzs oftfoft Joj:yfkg,

cf}Bf}lus/0f, k|b]z leqsf] tyf cGt/k|b]z Aofkf/, nf]sdfu{, s[lif, cfjf; tyf j:tL ljsf;,

vfg]kfgL, vlgh cGj]if0f, lbuf] ljsf; nIo h:tf ljifout If]qdf s]lG›t /xG5g . cGt/k|b]z

/ cGt/ :yfgLotxsf ljifout of]hgfaLr sfo{ut ;dGjo / kl/k"/stfsf nflu k|b]zn] ;3Lo

of]hgfsf] bL3{sfnLg / dWodsfnLg nIo Pjd\ p2]Zox¿, gLlt, /fli6«o dxTjsf sfo{qmdx?nfO{

;d]t cfˆgf] cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfdf ;dflxt ug{'kg]{ x'G5 .

#=$ :yfgLo txsf] cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf

:yfgLotxn] ;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL -*_ sf :yfgLotxsf Psn clwsf/ If]q leqsf ljifodf

cfjlws Pj+d aflif{s ljsf; of]hgf agfpF5g . :yfgLotxn] cfˆgf of]hgf / sfo{qmdx?sf]

sfof{Gjog cfjZostf cg';f/ ;|f]t ;fwg kl/rfng u/L ug{'kg]{ x'G5 . :yfgLotxsf of]hgfdf

;+3 tyf k|b]zn] lgIf]k0f ug]{ ljifo;DaGwL gLlt, dfkb08, lbuf] lasf; nIo xf+l;n ug]{ sfo{qmd

tyf cfof]hgfx? klg ;dflxt x'g'kb{5 . :yfgLotxnfO{ ;+3 tyf k|b]z ;/sf/af6 k|bfg ul/g]

;|f]tx? zt{x? ;lxt cfpg] x'gfn] tL zt{ Pjd\ ljQLo ;Ldfx? af/] klg :yfgLotxsf] cfjlws

of]hgfdf pNn]v x'g' pko'Qm x'G5 .

#=% tLg txsf cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfx? aLrsf] cGt/;DaGw

tLgtxsf ;/sf/n] tof/ u/]sf cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfx?aLr lgDg ;femf p2]Zox? xfl;n ug{

cGt/;DaGw /x]sf] x'G5 .

lbuf] ljsf;sf nIox¿ xfl;n ub}{ laqmd ;Dat @)*& ;Dd g]kfnnfO{ dWod cfDbfgL

ePsf] d'n'ssf] ¿kdf :t/f]Gglt ug]{ .

laqmd ;Dat @!)) ;Dd g]kfnnfO pRr cfo ePsf] d'n'ssf ?kfGt/0f ug]{ ;d[4

g]kfn ;'vL g]kfnLsf] b"/b[i6L (Vision 2100) sfof{Gjog ug]{ .

kGw|f} of]hgfdf /fHosf gLltsf ?kdf c+lusf/ ul/Psf /fli6«o ;'/Iff, ;fdflhs /

;f+:s[lts ¿kfGt/0f, s[lif, e"ld;'wf/, pBf]u / jfl0fHo, k|fs[lts ;fwg ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f,

6

;Da4{g / pkof]u, >d / /f]huf/, ;fdflhs Gofo / ;dfj]zLs/0f tyf Gofo / b08

Joj:yf ;DaGwL ljifox? .

kGw|f} of]hgfnfO{ kl/k"/ssf] ?kdf ;3fpg :yfgLtxn] ;femf clwsf/If]qsf] ?kdf /fli6«o

of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;3fpg] laifox? .

k|b]zsf] k|yd cfalws of]hgf sfofGjog ug{ :yfgLotxn] k|b]znfO ;3fpg kg]{ laifox?

.

tLg} txsf] ;femf clwsf/If]qdf k|b]z / :yfgLotxn] /fli6«o bfloTj nfO{ ;3fpg' kg]{ .

cf cf+ˆgf Psn clwsf/If]qsf] ;du| ljifonfO{ lgb]l{\zt ug{ .

#=^ :yfgLotxsf] cfalws of]hgf ;a} kIfsf] ;femf b:tfa]h x'g]

lbuf] ljsf; nIo xf+l;n ug{ :yfgLotxdf ljsf;;Fu ;DalGwt ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L / lghL If]q

;d]tsf] cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf th{'df, ;|f]t ;fem]bf/L / sfof{Gjogdf plQs} e"ldsf / of]ubfg

/xg] ePsf]n] cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf ljsf;;Fu ;DalGwt ;a}sf] ;femf b:tfj]h xf] . To;}n]

o;sf] th{'df k|lqmof ;xeflutfd"ns Pjd\ kf/bzL{ x'g'kg]{ / ;a} ;fem]bf/x¿sf] ;lqmo

;+nUgtfdf o;sf] th{'df eodf ;femf b[li6sf]0f / ;dembf/L ljsf; x'G5 . of] of]hgf ;femf

b:tfj]hsf ?kdf aGg] ePsfn] o:sf] k|of]u / sfof{Gjogdf :yfgLotx, bft[kIf, ljsf; ;fem]bf/,

u};; / :yfgLo ;/f]sf/sf c?kIfaLr;femf wf/0ff agfpg pko'Qm x'G5 .

:yfgLotxsf] cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf th{'df ubf{ :yfgLo:t/sf] e" ljz]iftf, bf]xg / kl/rfng

of]Uo cGo ;|f]t, gful/ssf] rf;f] cflbsf] :yfgut / t'ngfTds nfesf] pRrtd pkof]u ul/G5

. :yfgLotxsf] :ynut ljz]iftf, ufpF / gu/aLrsf] ;a} k|sf/sf] leGgtf / ;dfgtf,km/s km/s

cfly{s:t/ / :yfg ljz]ifsf ef}lts ;+/rgf x¿ o;df :ki6 v'nfOG5 . h:t} s'g} :yfgLotxsf]

ef}uf]lns If]q lxdkftIf]q / /d0fLo dxfef/t b'a} z[+vnfdf kg]{ / 5f]6f] ;dod} ;dy/ t/fO{

dw]zIf]q k|j]z ug{ ;Sg] ljlzi6tf ePsf] x'g;S5 . o;}u/L s[lif ax'jfnL Pjd\ k|hfltut

leGgtf, ;dlztf]i0f / ktem/ df};dL kmnkm"n pTkfbgx'g] ljz]iftfo'Qm x'g;S5 .

:yfgLotxsf] cfalws of]hgf pknAw ;fwg ;|f]taf6 pRrtd k|ltkmn / ljsf; glthfsf] nflu

ckgfpg] Joj:yfkgsf] l;4fGt / cf}hf/x¿sf] k|of]u u/L tof/ ul/g] Jofj;flos of]hgf klg xf]

. cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfdf ;f]r tyf nIo / k|ltkmn k|flKt ;DaGwL glthfx? lgsfNg]

pkqmdx? /flvPsf] x'G5 . ltGsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu tof/ ul/Psf cfof]hgf tyf s[ofsnfk jf

ultljlwx? nufgL cfslif{t ug]{ cf}hf/sf] ?kdf k|of]u x'G5g . cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf Ps

Joj;flos /0fgLlts of]hgf ;d]t xf] . nufgL OR5's /fli6«o tyf cGt//fli6«o ljsf; ;+:yfx?n]

k|:tfj ul/Psf of]hgf / cg'dflgt k|ltkmn aLrsf] ;DaGw, :yfgLotxsf] sfof{Gjog Ifdtf,

gLlt k|lta4tf, cfly{s ljZn]if0f / cfly{s lgoGq0f tyf cg'udg ;DaGwL Joj:yfsf] n]vfhf]vf

7

u/]/ g} nufgL k|Tofe"t ug]{x'gfn] cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf Ps nufgL cfsif{s Joj;flos

b:tfj]hsf] ?kdf ;d]t agfpg pko'Qm x'G5 .

#=& :yfgLo txn] agfpg'kg]{ of]hgfx?

:yfgLotxn] lgDgcg';f/sf of]hgfx? / k|lta]bgx? agfpg' kb{5 .

:yfgLotxsf] l:yltkq

cfalws ljsf; of]hgf

lqalif{o dWofalw vr{ ;+/rgf

aflif{s of]hgf

aflif{s k|ult k|lta]bg

of]hgfsf] dWofalw d"Nof+Íg k|lta]bg

of]hgfsf] clGtd d"Nof+Íg k|lta]bg

of]hgfsf] lbuf]kgsf] d"Nof+Íg k|lta]bg

$= :yfgLotxsf] l:yltkq tof/ ug]{

:yfgLotxn] cfalws of]hgf th'{df k'a{ ;a} a:t'l:yltsf] laa/0f cfpg]u/L l:ylt kq tof/

ug'{kb{5 . l:yltkqdf :yfgLotxsf ;a} cfwf/ aif{ ;"rgfx? ljZn]if0f ul/Psf x'G5g / oL

;"rgfn] cfalws of]hgf th'{df ug{ ;3fp+5g . ;+3Lo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/sf gLlt, /0fgLlt tyf

sfo{qmd / of]hgf th'{df k|lqmof;DaGwL lgb]{]zg tyf dfu{bz{gx¿sf] ;dLIff u/]/ :yfgLotxsf]

cfalws of]hgf th'{df k|of]hgsf nflu lgDg ljifo j:t'sf] ljj/0f ;lxtsf] l:ylt kq tof/ ug{'

kb{5 .

;+3Lo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/sf gLlt tyf sfo{qmdx¿sf k|fyldstf If]qx¿ .

;+3Lo tyf k|b]z ;/sf/sf sfo{qmdx¿sf nIo, p2]Zo, /0fgLlt, kl/df0fTds nIo tyf

;"rsx¿ .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo lj=;+= @)&@–@)*& sf ;"rsx? .

:yfgLo txsf] of]hgf tof/ ug]{ dfkb08 / dfgb08 .

;d[4 g]kfn / ;'vL g]kfnLsf ;"rsx? .

:yfgLo txsf l:yltkqdf tnsf cg'R5]bdf pNn]v ul/Psf laa/0fx? ;dfa]; ug{ pko'Qm x'G5

.

8

$=! e"ldsfM e"ldsf, p2]Zo, :yfgLo txdf ;+~rflnt of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿sf] d"Nofª\sg,

cWoog ljlw, j:t'l:yltsf] ljj/0f, TfYof+Í / ;"rgf ;+sng, cfwf//]vf ;"rgf, TfYof+Ísf]

vl08s/0f, TfYof+Ísf] ljZn]if0f / cWoog ;Ldf .

$=@ :yfgLotxsf] ef}uf]lns rl/qM ef}uf]lns cjl:ylt , ;Ldfgf tyf /fhgLlts, k|zf;lgs

ljefhg, e'w/ftn, e"–If]q -6f]kf]u|fkmL_, le/fnf]kgf, df6f]sf] agfj6 / pa{/fzlQm, e"–Ifo ;+efljt

If]q, hnjfo", hn>f]t, ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL, ;f/f+z / l;kml/;x? .

$=# hg;+Vofsf] rl/qM hg;+Vofsf] cfsf/ -j8f / a:tL:t/sf]] 5'6\ofpg]_, hg;+Vofsf] j[l4b/ -

u|fdL0f / zx/L If]q 5'l§g] u/L_ / hg;+Vof k|If]k0f, hg;+Vofsf] ljZn]if0f, k|hggb/,hGd, d[To,

a;fO{;/fO{, hg;+Vofsf] agfj6, pd]/ ;d"x, lnË, Psn dlxnf, hg;+Vofsf] ljt/0f, zx/L tyf

u|fdL0f, Eff}uf]lns ljt/0f -hg3gTj÷3gfj:tL÷zx/Ls/0f_, wd{, hfthflt tyf efiffut Pjd\

ckfËtf cg';f/ hg;+Vof ljj/0f, hg;+VoLs ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL, ;f/f+z / l;kml/;x? .

$=$ e"–pkof]usf] l:yltM jt{dfg e"–pkof]u, zx/Ls/0f, e"–pkof]u ;DjGwL gS;fx? -

pknAw eP;Dd_, le/fnf]kgsf gS;f, s[lif e"–pkof]u ;DaGwL gS;fx?, jftfj/0f ;+j]bglzn

If]q gSzf, zx/L e"–pkof]u ;DaGwL gS;f, e'pkof]u ;DaGwL ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL, ;f/f+z /

l;kmfl/;x? .

$=% zx/Ls/0f tyf j:tL ljsf;sf] :j?k / rl/qM zx/Ls/0f, j:tL ljsf;sf] :j?k /

j:tL >[+vnf, zx/L tyf u|fdL0f If]qdf cfjf; l:ylt , zx/Ls/0f ;DaGwL ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL,

;f/f+z / l;kml/;x? .

$=^ :yfgLotxsf] cfly{s l:yltM :yfgLotxsf] cy{tGqsf] ;+/rgfTds :j?k, s[lif k|0ffnL,

l;+rfO{, s[lif pTkfbg tyf vfBfGgdf cfTdlge{/tf, kz'k+IfLhGo tyf df5f pTkfbg tyf

cfTdlge{/tf, kmnkm"n tyf t/sf/Lsf] pTkfbg l:ylt, s[lif e"ldsf] cfsf/ tyf :jfldTjsf]

l:ylt, dnvfb, pGgt aLh, s[lif cf}hf/, s[lif C0f pkof]u, kx'Fr tyf cfk"lt{ l:ylt, s[lif

pkhsf] e08f/sf] ;'ljwfsf] l:ylt, l;+lrt If]q tyf l;+rfO{ k|0ffnL, :YffgLo :t/df vfB ;'/Iffsf]

cj:yf, :yfgLotxsf]] cy{tGqsf] ljlzli6s/0f, cfly{s cGt/;DaGw, cGt/ If]q h:t} s[lif, jg

cflb, cGt/ :yfgLotx, :yfgLotxdf j}b]lzs nufgLsf] l:ylt, 3/kl/jf/sf] cfo:t/ tyf

ul/jLsf] l:ylt, :yfgLo cy{tGq ;DaGwL ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL, ;f/f+; / l;kml/;x? .

$=& >dzlQm tyf /f]huf/Lsf] l:yltM pd]/ ;d'x !^ b]lv @$ ;Ddsf] cj:yf -o'jf /f]huf/Lsf]

cj:yf_, pd]/ ;d'x @$ b]lv %( aif{;Ddsf] cj:yf, :j]b]zL tyf ljb]zL /f]huf/Lsf] cj:yf -

ln+u tyf ;fdflhs ;d'x cg';f/_, a]/f]huf/ b/, cw{a]/f]huf/ b/, lgs6 elaiodf ;[hgf x'g

;Sg] /f]huf/L, /f]huf/ ;DaGwL ;d:of, tyf r'gf}tL, ;f/f+z / l;kml/;x? .

$=* pBf]u tyf vfgL If]qsf] l:yltMcf}Bf]lus ljsf;sf] l:ylt tyf cf}Bf]lus pTkfbg –n3',

3/]n' tyf ;fgf ;d]t_, k|d'v :yfgLo pTkfbgsf] jhf/Ls/0fsf] l:ylt, :yfgLo pTkfbgsf] afXo

9

pTkfbg;+u ug'{kg]{ k|ltik|wf{sf] l:ylt, pBdlzntf, l;k ljsf;, ahf/Ls/0f ;]jf, shf{, ahf/

;"rgfdf pBdLsf] kx'+rsf] l:ylt, :yfgLo sRrf kbfy{sf] pknAwtf tyf pkof]usf] l:ylt, vfgL

;|f]t tyf pkof]u, cGo pBf]u tyf vfgLhGo ljj/0fx?, pBf]u ;DaGwL ;d:of, tyf r'gf}tL,

;f/f+z / l;kml/;x? .

$=( Jofkf/, ko{6g tyf ;]jf If]qsf] l:yltM yf]s tyf v'b|f Jofkf/, lgsf;L, k}7f/L l:ylt, 9'jfgL

tyf e08f/, lalQo tyf Joj;fo ;]jf, ko{6g ljsf;, cGo cfly{s ljsf;sf ;Defjgfx?,

:yfgLotxdf lalQo Aofa:yfkg ;DaGwL ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL, ;f/f+z / l;kml/;x? .

$=!) ef}lts k"jf{wf/, ;~rf/ / k|lawLsf] l:yltM ;8s oftfoft, ;8s oftfoftsf] l:ylt,

u|fdL0f oftfoftsf] cfjZostf, ;8s jlu{s/0f tyf ;8s 3gTj, åGb tyf e'sDkdf Wj:t

ePsf k"jf{wf/sf] cj:yf, cGo oftfoftsf dfWodx?, ;~rf/ ;'ljwf, x'nfs, 6]lnkmf]g, Od]n

OG6/g]6, 6]lnlehg, kqklqsf, /]l8of] , j8f tyf a:tLcg';f/ ljB't tyf gjLs/0fLo pmhf{

ljsf; l:ylt ljB'tLs/0fsf] cj:yf, gljs/0fLo÷a}slNks pmhf{ ljsf;sf] cj:yf / ljt/0f

l:ylt, n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't, jfof]Uof;, ;f}o{ pmh{f, ;'wfl/Psf] 3§, pGgt r'Nxf]÷jfof]

lj|s]6÷h}ljs OGwg, n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't,gljs/0fLo pmhf{ ljsf; / ltgLx?sf] k|of]usf]

;Defjgf, zx/L tyf u|fdL0f vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ / kx'Fr l:ylt, zx/L tyf u|fdL0f ;/;kmfO{sf]

l:ylt, vfg]kfgLsf ;+efljt ;|f]tx? / ltgsf] pkof]usf] l:ylt, laBfnox?df vfg]kfgL tyf

;/;kmfO -5fq / 5fqfsf nflu zf}rfno_ ;'ljwfsf] l:ylt, v'Nnf lbzf d'Qm If]qsf] l:ylt, 9n

lgsf; / kmf]xf]/d}nf ;+sng tyf Joj:yfkg, gbL lgoGq0f ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;DaGwL ;d:of tyf

r'gf}tL, ;f/f+z / l;kmfl/;x? .

$=!! lzIff tyf v]ns'bsf] l:yltM :yfgLotxsf]] z}lIfs tyf ;fIf/tf l:ylt, lzIff ;]jf tyf

;'ljwf, kjf{wf/sf] dfu tyf cfk"lt{sf] l:ylt, lzIfs ;+Vof / tflnd, dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf;sf]

l:ylt, afn ljsf;, 5fq 5fqfsf] cj:yf, egf{ tyf :s"n kl/Tofu b/, -cfwf/e't / df=lj= tx=_,

ljBfno k'Ug nfUg] ;do, j}slNks Pjd\ cgf}krfl/s lzIff, ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltdf afn

k|ltlglwTj, pRr lzIff, SofDk; / ljZjljBfno, k|flalws / ck|flalws lzIff cflbsf] l:ylt,

v]ns'b k'af{wf/ / v]nsf] l:ylt, lzIff tyf v]ns'b ;DaGwL ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL, ;f/f+; /

l;kmfl/;x? .

$=!@ :jf:Yo l:yltM :jf:Yo ;]jf ;'ljwf / :jf:Yo l:ylt, :jf:Yo rf}sL, k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|,

cfo'j]{b, c:ktfn, lghL c:ktfn, aly{Ë s]Gb|, cf}ifwL k;n, :jf:Yo ;+:yf k'Ug ! 306feGbf a9L

;do nfUg] 3/kl/jf/ ;+Vof, :jf:Yo ;+:yfdf dfgj ;+;fwgsf] l:ylt -8fS6/, g;{, :jf:Yo

sdL{_, vf]ksf] cj:yf, sf]/f hGd tyf d[To' b/, dft[:jf:Yo, dlxnf :jf:Yo, kf]if0f, k|d'v /f]ux?

/ ltgsf] /f]syfd, ;/;kmfO{ tyf jftfj/0fLo :jf:Yo, ;+qmldt /]fusf] l:ylt -;+qmldt, k|efljt

;+Vof, hf]lvd If]q, ;xL hfgsf/L ePsf] !% b]lv @$ aif{ pd]/ ;d"x_ :jf:Yo ;DaGwL ;d:of

tyf r'gf}tL, ;f/f+z / l;kmfl/;x? .

10

$=!# ;dfh sNof0f tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] l:yltM afnu[x, j[4fcf>d, lx+;f kLl8t, a]r

lavgdf k/]sf o'jtL tyf dlxnfx?sf] nflu ;'/lIft 3/, ;8s afnaflnsfsf] l:ylt, ;fdflhs

;'/Iff eQf k|fKtstf{ / jt{dfg l:ylt, 5fqj[lQ ljt/0fsf] l:ylt, kf]if0f eQf ljt/0f l:ylt,

gful/s ;'/Iff ;]jf, ck/flws 36gfsf] k|j[lQ, gful/s k|x/Lsf] cg'kft, dlxnf k|x/L, ;'/Iff

cj:yf, dlxnf tyf jfnjflnsfsf] ljsf; l:ylt, z}lIfs l:ylt / kx'Fr, :jf:Yo l:ylt tyf

k|hgg\ :jf:Yo, ;Lk ljsf;, Ifdtf ljsf;sf] l:ylt, /f]huf/ l:ylt / kx'Fr -:jb]zL tyf ljb]zL

/f]huf/L, ;du| cfly{s ljsf;sf] l:ylt _, j}jflxs l:ylt ÷afnljjfx cflb . e]befj, 5'jf5't,

dlxnf lj?4 lx+;f ;fd'bflos / /fhgLlts lqmofsnfkdf ;xeflutf / k|ltlglwTj, ;]jf / ;'ljwf

dflysf] kx'+r, lgoGq0f / zlQm ljZn]if0f -lg0f{o k|lqmofdf kx'+r_, ljsf;sf] x/]s r/0fdf dlxnf

tyf lk5l8Psf ju{sf] ;xeflutf tyf ljsf;sf] k|ltkmnaf6 nfeflGjt ju{sf] kx'Fr, hGd

btf{÷ljjfx btf{ d[To' btf{, Psn dlxnfsf] l:ylt, åGb lkl8t dlxnf, afnaflnsfsf] ca:yf, afn

>dsf] cj:yf, cleefjs ljxLg afnaflnsfsf] cj:yf, ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t afn ;+/If0f k|0ffnL,

kLl8t dlxnf÷afnaflnsfsf] Gofodf kx'Frsf] l:ylt, dlxnf÷afnaflnsfsf] nflu cNksfnLg

cf>o:ynsf] l:ylt, pk]Iffdf k/]sf afnaflnsfsf] l:ylt, dlxnf÷afnaflnsf 3/d'nL /x]sf]

cj:yf, ;dfh sNof0f tyf ;fdflhs ;'/Iff ;DaGwL ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL, ;f/f+z / l;kmfl/;x?

.

$=!$ pk]lIft plTkl8t, lk58f ju{, blnt tyf hghftLsf] l:yltM z}lIfs l:ylt, ul/jLsf]

l:ylt, /f]huf/Lsf] l:ylt, :jf:Yo l:ylt, ;du| ;fdflhs l:ylt -lgoGq0f / zlQm ljZn]if0f -

lg0f{o k|lqmofdf kx"+r_ ;fd'bflos / /fhgLlts lqmofsnfkdf ;xeflutf / k|ltlglwTj, ;]jf /

;'ljwfdflysf] kx'+r, b[li6ljlxg tyf zf/Ll/s c;Qmsf] cj:yf, t]>f] ln+uLsf] l:ylt, :yfgLo

:t/df dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yf, :yfgLotxdf blnt tyf hghfltsf ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL,

;f/f+; / l;kmfl/;x? .

$=!% jg, jftfj/0f tyf hnafo' kl/jt{gsf] l:yltM jg If]qsf] l:ylt, jg ;+/If0f tyf h}ljs

ljljwtf, jg pTkfbg tyf ;fd'bflos ;xeflutf, jg k}bfjf/sf] dfu tyf cfk"lt{ l:ylt, zx/L

jftfj/0f l:ylt, Jffo' tyf hnLo k|b'if0f, WjgL k|b'if0f, df6f] hldg k|b'if0f, kmf]x/df}nf

Joj:yfkg, cGo jftfj/0fLo ;d:ofx?, 9n lgsf;, u|fdL0f jftfj/0fLo l:ylt, e"Ifo tyf

jf9Lklx/f], gbL s6fg, jg 89]nf], 3/leqsf] jfo' k|b'if0f, hnfwf/sf] cj:yf, af9L, k}/f], gbL

s6fg, x'/L atf;af6 ;D+efljt hf]lvdsf] cj:yf, hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;Da]bglzn If]qdf

gljs/0fLo pmhf{sf] cj:yf, hnafo' cg's'ng of]hgf th'{df / sfof{Gjogsf] l:ylt, :yfgLotxdf

jg, jftfj/0f tyf hnafo' kl/jt{g ;DaGwL ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL, ;f/fz / l;kml/;x? .

$=!^ ;+:yfut ;|f]t tyf IfdtfM laQLo ;|f]t tyf Ifdtf ljZn]if0f, :yfgLo ;/sf/,

u};;÷gufl/s ;dfhx?sf] Ifdtf ljsf; / ljQLo cj:yf, :yfgLotxsf]] cfly{s ;|f]tsf] tyf

cfo, cfGtl/s ;|f]t l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f, ;+3Lo ;/sf/sf] ;dflgs/0f cg'bfg, ;+3Lo tyf k|flGto

;/sf/sf ;zt{ / ljz]if cg'bfg, ;xof]u tyf /fh:j af+8kmf+8af6 k|fKt /sd / ;f]sf] k|If]k0f,

:yfgLotxsf]] cfly{s ;|f]t kl/rfng tyf cfo l:ylt, hg;xeflutf kl/rfng l:ylt tyf

k|If]k0f, ;xeflutfd"ns of]hgf th'{df k|lqmof, ;"rgf tyf clen]v Aoj:yfkg, gful/s ;dfh,

11

;+u7gsf] k|j4{gsf] l:ylt, of]hgf, cfof]hgf / sfo{qmdx?sf] cg'udg, :yfgLotxdf afn

jflnsf, dlxnf, blnt, hghflt ;ldltx?sf] k|efjsfl/tf l:ylt, :yfgLo :t/df ul7t ;ldltx?

/ ltlgx?sf] lqmoflzntf -ljkb Joj:yfkg, afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g k|j4{g,;fdflhs ;'/Iff

Joj:yfkg ;ldlt_, ;fdflhs kl/rfng, ;fj{hlgs n]vfhf]vf, ;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO{, gful/s

j8fkqsf] cg'udg l:ylt, n}lËs tyf ;dfj]zL k/LIf0f Pjd\ n]vfhf]vf ;DjGwL cj:yf

.:yfgLotxsfljifout sfo{qmddf nufgL l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f, ;+3Lo∕k|b]z:t/Lo ljifout

sfo{qmd / cfof]hgfdf nufgL l:ylt tyf k|If]k0f, u};;x?n] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/

;[hgf ug]{ sfo{qmddf u/]sf] nufgL tyf k|If]k0f, lghL If]qn] cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs k"jf{wf/

;[hgf ug]{ sfo{qmddf u/]sf] nufgL tyf k|If]k0f . To:t}u/L :yfgLo hgzlQm tyf k|fljlws

Ifdtf ljZn]if0f -;fdflhs ;d"x cg';f/sf] ;"rgf_, of]hgf tyf sfof{Gjog Ifdtf ljZn]if0f,

of]hgf tyf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu ;+:yfut :j?k, ;+:yfut ;dGjo tyf ;+hfn, ;|f]t pkof]u

l:ylt -zLif{sut vr{ ljZn]if0f, ;+rfngdf /x]sf cfof]hgf ;+Vof / cfof]hgf ;DkGg ug]{ b/,

ljlgof]lht /sdsf] lgsf;f / vr{sf]l:ylt_, :yfgLotxsf] Go"gtd ;t{ / sfo{;Dkfbg l:ylt,

:yfgLo :t/df lbuf] lasf; nIfn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf ;"rsx?sf] cj:yf, lj:yflktx?sf] cj:yf /

k"g{:yfkgf, åGb lj:yfkLt, k|sf]k lj:yflkt, zflGt, ljsf; / k'g{;+/rgf ;DaGwL ultljlw,

of]hgfsf] nflu pknJw ljQLo ;|f]tsf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f tyf k|If]k0f, cGt/ :yfgLotx ;DjGw -

/fhZj, >f]tkl/rfng, a;fO{;/fO{, hnfwf/ Aoj:yfkg, ko{6g ljsf;, b}lj k|sf]k, ;+:s[lt ;+/If0f

cflb_, :yfgLotxdf ;+:yfut ;|f]t tyf Ifdtf ;DaGwL ;d:of tyf r'gf}tL,;f/f+; / l;kml/;x?

.

12

% :yfgLo txdf cfalws of]hgf th'{df k|s[of cfalws ljsf; of]hgf th'{df ks[of lrq ! adf]lhd ug'{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

lrq !M cfalws ljsf; of]hgf lgdf{0f rqm

%=! of]hgf th'{dfsf] k"j{ tof/L

:yfgLotxsf] of]hgf ;+3Lo tyf k|b]z gLlt tyf sfo{qmdnfO{{ b[li6ut u/L tof/ ug'{ pko'Qm

x'g]x+'bf k"j{tof/Lsf] qmddf ljBdfg gLlt, /0fgLlt tyf of]hgf th'{df k|lqmof ;DaGwL lgb]{]zg

tyf dfu{bz{gx¿sf] n]vfhf]vf h?/L x'G5 . o;sf ;fy} of]hgf th'{df k|lqmof ;DaGwL

ultljlwx¿sf] Jojl:yt ;~rfngsf nflu k|lqmof k|f/De ug'{ cuf8L l;h{gfug'{kg]{] k"jf{wf/x¿sf]

k"jf{g'dfg u/L ;f]sf] Joj:yfkg ug{ cfjZos x'G5 . of]hgf th'{df k|s[of ;do / kl/l:ylt

!= of]hgf th'{df

k|s[ofsf] k"j{tof/L

@=;d:ofsf] klxrfg

&=of]hgf

sfo{Gjog

of]hgf th'{df

^=cfjZos >f]t

;fwgsf] lgwf{/0f

$=ljsNk vf]hL /

n]vfhf]vf

(=of]hgf

l:js[tL /

sfof{Gjog

%= of]hgfsf]

;f]r, nIo,

/0fgLlt, p2]Zo

/ sfo{qmd

lgwf{/0f

cfalws of]hgf

th'{df rqm

*= of]hgf cg'udg

/ d"Nof+Íg of]hgf

#= ;+efAo ;|f]tsf]

klxrfg

13

cg';f/ km/s x'g ;Sg] ePtfklg of]hgf th'{df k|s[ofsf] tof/L tyf k"j{ cfjZostfx¿sf]

Joj:yfkg ubf{ tkl;n adf]lhdsf sfo{x¿ ;Dkfbg ug'{ pko'Qm b]lvG5 .

%=!=! :yfgLotxsf] cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf th{'df k4ltsf] 5gf]6

cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf th{'dfsf tLgj6f k|rlnt k4lt 5g .

klxnf] ;xeflutfTds k|s[ofd'vL tof/L ug]{ k4lt .

bf];|f] ljifolj1åf/f tof/L ug]{ k4lt .

laifolj1 ;lDdlnt ;xeflutfTds ld>Lt k4lt

cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf ;xeflutfd"ns k|s[ofd'vL k4ltdfqaf6 th{'df ul/+bf ljifo ljZn]if0f

geO dxTjfsf+IfL of]hgfx?sf] km]xl/:t aGg] x'Fbf nufgL ;|f]t h'6fpg s7Lg x'ghfG5 .

ljz]if1x¿sf] ;+nUgtfdf dfq cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfsf] th{'df ubf{ of] a9L l;4fGtd'vL x'g],

:yfgLo rfxgf eGbf 6f9f x'g], / :yfgLo a:t'k/s gx'g] h:tf sdhf]/Lx¿ b]lvg ;S5g\ . Tf;y{

k|lqmofut tyf ljz]if1tf b'j}sf] ;lDd>0faf6 cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfth{'df ug{ ;lsPsf]

ca:yfdf jf:tljstfsf] glhs x'G5 . t;y{ laifola1 ;lDdlnt ;xeflutfTds ldl>t of]hgf

th'{df k4lt ckgfpg pko'Qm x'G5 .

%=!=@ ljifo If]qut of]hgf th'{df ;ldlt lgdf{0f

cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf th{'df ubf{ ljifoIf]qut ?kdf 5nkmn ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu lgDg 5 j6f

;ldltx? u7gu/L kl/rfng ul/g'k5{ . oL ;ldltx? ljifo tyf sfo{qmdsf] k|:tfjnfO{

ljifout¿kdf 5nkmn ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg u7g ul/Psf ;ldlt -:yfgLo ;/sf/ ;+rfng P]g

@)&$ bkmf ^&_ g} x'g;S5g .

%=!=@=! cfly{s ljsf; ;ldltM o; ;ldltn]] s[lif, kf]if0f, pBf]u tyf jfl0fHo, ko{6g, ;xsf/L /

ljlQo If]q h:tf laifout If]q x]b{5 = To:t}u/L o; ;ldltn] lbuf] lasf; nIo ;DaGwL

lgDgcg';f/sf rf/j6f nIox? x]b{5 M

lbuf] ljsf; nIo !M ;a} k|sf/sf ul/aLnfO{ ;a} 7fp+Faf6 cGTo ug]{ .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo @M ef]sd/Lsf] cGTo ug]{, vfB;'/Iff tyf pGgt kf]if0f k|flKt ug]{ /

lbuf] s[lifsf] k|a4{g ug]{ .=

lbuf] ljsf; nIo *M ;a}sf nflu ;dfj]zL tyf lbuf] cfly{s j[l4, /f]huf/L tyf dof{lbt

sfdsf] k|j4{g ug]{ .=

lbuf] ljsf; nIo !@M lbuf] pkef]u / pTkfbgsf] 9fFrf ;'lglZrt ug]{ .

%=!=@=@ ;fdflhs lasf; ;ldltM o; ;ldltn] lzIff, :jf:Yo, vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{, ;+:s[lt ,

n}lus ;dfgtf tyf ;dflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f h:tf laifout If]q x]b{5 . o; ;ldltn] lbuf]

ljsf; ;DaGwL kfFrj6f nIox?;d]t x]b{5 .=

14

lbuf] ljsf; nIo #M :jf:Yo hLjg ;'lglZrt ug]{ / ;a} pd]/ ;d'xsf ;a} dflg;sf]

sNof0f k|j4{g ug{] .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo $M ;a}sf nflu ;dfj]zL tyf u'0f:t/Lo lzIff ;'lglZrt ug]{ tyf

cfhLjg l;sfOsf cj;/x?nfO{ k|j4{g ug{] .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo %M n}lËs ;dfgtf x+fl;n ug]{ / ;a} dlxnf tyf lszf]/Lx¿sf]

;zQmLs/0f ug]{ .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo ^M;a}sf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOdf kx'+r ;'lglZrt ug]{ .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo !)M b]zleq} / b]zx¿dfem /x]sf] c;dfgtfnfO{ Go'g ug]{ .

%=!=@=# k"af{wf/ ljsf; ;ldltM o; ;ldltn] ;8s tyf k'n, emf]n'+u] k'n, l;+rfO, ejg tyf

;x/L ljsf;, phf{, n3' tyf ;fgf hnljB't, j}slNks phf{, ;+rf/ h:tf laifout If]q x]b{5 .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo cGt/ut o; ;ldltn] ltgj6f nIox? x]b{5 .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo &M ;a}sf nflu vr{n] wfGg ;Sg], e/kbf]{, lbuf] tyf cfw'lgs pmhf{df

;a}sf] kx'Fr ;'lglZrt ug]{ .=

lbuf] ljsf; nIo (M alnof] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug]{, cf}Bf]lusLs/0fnfO{ lbuf] agfpg] tyf

gjLg vf]hnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo !!M ;x/x?nfO{ ;dfj]zL, ;+/lIft, ;an / lbuf] agfpg] .

%=!=@=$ jftfj/0f tyf lakb Aofa:yfkg ;ldltM o; ;ldltn] jg tyf e';+/If0f, hnfwf/

;+/If0f, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f, hnjfo' kl/jt{g, kmf]x/d}nf Joj:yfkg, hn pkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f,

ljkb\ Joj:yfkg cflb laifout If]qdf sfd ub{5 . o; ;ldltn] lbuf] lasf; nIo ;DaGwdf

b'O{j6f nIox?df sfdub{5 .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo !#M hnjfo' kl/jt{g tyf o;sf k|efjx¿ lj?4 n8\g tTsfn sfo{

yfNg] .

lbuf] ljsf; nIo !%M jgsf] lbuf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, d?e"dLs/0f lj?4 n8\g], e"IfoLs/0f

/f]s]/ To:tf] k|lqmofnfO{ pN6\ofpg] tyf h}ljs ljljwtfsf] IfltnfO{ /f]Sg] .

%=!=@=% ;+:yfut ljsf; tyf ;]jf k|jfx ;ldltM o; ;ldltn] dfgj ;+;fwg ljsf;, ;+:yfut

Ifdtf ljsf;, ;+:yfut k"jf{wf/, gful/s j8fkq tyf 6f]sg k|0ffnL, ;]jf k|jfxsf dfkb08

lgwf{/0f, ;]jf k|jfxdf ljB'tLo ;"rgf k|ljwLsf] k|of]u cflb laifout If]q x]b{5 . lbuf] ljsf;

nIo ;DaGwdf o; ;ldltn] nIo !^ n] lglbi6 u/]sf] Gofok'0ff{, zflGtk'0f{ / ;dfj]zL

;dfhx?sf] k|j4{g ug]{ sfo{ ub{5 .

%=!=@=^M laQLo Aofa:yfkg / z';f;g ;ldlt M o; ;ldltn] n]vf+sg, /fh:j kl/rfng, ljlQo

cg'zf;g, cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f tyf cfGtl/s lgoGq0f k|0ffnL, clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f tyf j]?h'

km/{\5\of}6, ;"rgf tyf ;+rf/ Joj:yfkg h:tf If]qut laifodf sfd ub{5 . ;fy} lbuf] lasf;

15

nIo ;DaGwdf nIo !& n] lglbi6 u/]sf] lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu ljZjJofkL ;fem]bf/LnfO{ k'ghL{jg

lbg] sfo{ ub{5= .

%=!=# laifoIf]qut of]hgf th'{df ;ldltsf sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ k|i6 ug{] .

:yfgLotxsf] of]hgfth'{df k|of]hgsf] nflu u7g ePsf laifoIf]qut ;ldltx?sf] nflu lglZrt

?kdf plgx?sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tof/ ug'{kb{5 . pQm sfo{ ljj/0fdf s] s'/fsf] of]hgf

tof/ ug{] xf]< of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofsf] k|of]hg s] xf] < nlIft ju{÷ul/j÷ al~rt ;d'x÷ju{sf]

klxrfg s;/L ug]{ xf]< of]hgfsf] d:of}bf tof/ ug]{ ;dof slt xf]< pknAw >f]t;fwgsf]

klxrfg s;/L ug]{ xf]< s'g sfd slxn] ;DkGg ug]{ xf] / ;ldltsf k|To]s ;b:osf] e"ldsf s] xf]

< cflb . o; sfo{n] ;ldltsf] e"ldsf k|i6fpb} ;dodf sfd ;DkGGf ug{ d4t ub{5= . of]hgf

th'{df laifoIf]qut ;ldltnfO{{{ k|efjsf/L tyf ultzLn agfpg cled'vLs/0f tflnd lbP/

plgx?sf] sfd, st{Jo, clwsf/ / of]hgf th'{df;DaGwL lgb]{]zgx¿ :ki6 kfg'{ kb{5.

%=!=$ ljifout If]qut ;ldltsf] ;+/rgf

;+of]hsM sfo{kflnsfn] tf]s]sf] sfo{kflnsfsf ;b:o

;b:o ufpF tyf gu/ ;efsf slDtdf !÷! hgf dlxnf tyf blnt ;b:o ;lxt # hgf

;b:o ;lrj ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] ;DalGwt ljifo x]g]{

dxfzfvf÷zfvfsf k|d'v

;DalGwt ljifout If]q cGtu{tsf cGo zfvf k|d'v cfdlGqt /xg ;Sg]5g\ .

laifout ;ldltn] cfjZostf cg';;f/ gLlhI]fq, gful/s ;dfh, u}x|;/sf/L If]q, laifo laz]if1,

ljsf; ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfsf k|ltgLlw cflbnfO{ cfdlGqt ;b:osf] ?kdf a]fnfpg ;Sg]5g .

%=!=% ;xeflutf d'ns sfo{zfnf cfof]hgf ug]{

of]hgf th'{df k|of]hgsf] nflu laifola1 ;lDdlnt ;xeflutfTds ld>Lt lawL ckgfO{ ;a}

;/f]sf/jnfx?sf] sfo{zfnf cfof]hgf ug'{kb{5 / pQm sfo{zfnsfdfly pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf

p2]Zo / k|ltlglwTj ;'lglZrt ug{'k5{ . sfo{zfnfaf6 cfPsf lgrf]8x?sf] l6kf]6 u/L cfalws

of]hgfdf ;dfj]; ug'{kb{5 .

o; sfo{zfnfdf ljifoIf]qut ;ldltsf ;+of]hs / ;b:ox?, k|b]z of]hgf cfof]u, lhNnf ;dGjo

;ldlt, :yfgLo /fhg}lts bn, :yfgLotxsf] ljsf;;Fu k|ToIf ;DalGwt ;fem]bf/x¿, gLlhIf]q,

ljifolj1 k]zfljb\,l;dfGts[t nf]kf]Gd'v ;d'bfo ckfª\tf ePsf JolQm, gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltgLlw

;xefuL x'g'kb{5 .

16

o; sfo{zfnsf] p2]Zo ;3Lo kl/j]if / tLgj6} txsf of]hgf / ltGsf] cGt/;DaGw af/] hfgsf/L

lbg], ljsf;sf cGt/;DalGwt ljifox?af/] ;xefuLx?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg], lbuf] ljsf; NfIo

sfof{Gjogsf] nflu :yfgLottxn] ug'kg]{ kl/k'/s / ;dk'/ssf sfo{x?af/] hfgfsf/L u/fpg],

;"rgf / tYofÍsf cfwf/df ;dli6ut ljZn]if0f / 5nkmn ug]{,:yfgLotxsf] ;d:of ljZn]if0fsf

cfwf/df nIo p2]Zo tyf /0fgLltx? lgwf{/0f nufot cfjlws of]hgfsf] lj:t[t tof/L ug]{ .

%=@ :yfgLo txsf ;d:ofx?sf] klxrfg

cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf th{'dfsf nflu k"j{zt{sf ?kdf /x]sf] tYofÍLo ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf]

a:t'ut ljj/0fsf cfwf/df ljleGg ljZn]if0f ul/G5 . o; cGtu{t ul/g] ljZn]if0faf6 cfjlws

ljsf; of]hgfx? aLrsf] kl/k"/stfaf6 /fli6«o tyf k|flGto ;/f]sf/sf ljifox? / :yfgLo

;d:ofx? ;Daf]wg ul/G5 . h:t} /fli6«o dxTjsf sfo{qmdsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ hUuf

Joj:yfkgaf/] :yfgLotxsf] e"pkof]u of]hgfdf pNn]v ug{'k5{ . hgzlQm Ifdtf ljZn]if0faf6

cfjlws of]hgfdf tof/ ul/g] kl/b[Zox? sfof{Gjog ;'udtfaf/] cg'dfgug{ ;lsG5 . /fhg}lts

3f]if0ffkqx?sf] ljZn]if0faf6 of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf /fhg}lts k|lta4tf af/] osLg ug{ ;lsG5 .

k'g;+/rgf cl3 / k5Lsf] cj:yf ljZn]if0faf6 gf}nf kIfx? phfuf/ ePsf] ca:yf kQf nfUb5 .

%=@=!:yfgLo txsf ;d:of ljZn]if0f

:yfgLo txsf ;d:of klxrfgsf] qmddf lgDg cg';f/sf l:ylt ljZn]if0f ug{' pko'Qm x'G5 .

cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfx? aLrsf] kl/k"/stfM tLgj6} txsf of]hgfsf] bL3{sfnLg, dWodsflng

/ cNksflng nIo Pjd\ p2]Zox¿,tLga6} txsf of]hgfsf] gLlt, sfo{gLlt,cGt/ ;/sf/L ljQ

pkof]u, /fli6«o / Kf|flGto dxTjsf sfo{qmd, g]kfnn] sfof{Gjogsf] nflu to u/]sf lbuf] ljsf;

nIo, kl/df0Tds nIo / ;"rsx? / cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg k4ltsf] ljZn]if0f u/L ;d:of kQf

nufpg' kb{5 .

Ifdtf ljZn]if0fM hgzlQm Ifdtf ljZn]if0f, of]hgf th{'df, cg'udg tyf d"NofÍgsf nflu

ljifout sfof{nox¿sf]∕dxfzfvf jf zfvfx?sf] tYofÍ Joj:yfkg Ifdtf, cg'udg tyf

d"NofÍg Ifdtf, pknAw hgzlQm tyf k|fljlws Ifdtf, of]hgf sfof{Gjog Ifdtf, ljsf;

cfof]hgfx¿sf] ef}lts k|ultsf] l:ylt, k|fljlws hgzlQmsf] pknAwtf, hgzlQmsf] tflnd

hgzlQm dfu tyf cfk"lt{ l:ylt .

/fhg}lts 3f]if0ffkq ljZn]if0fM bnLo r'gfjL 3f]if0ffkq, bnx?sf] k|lta4tfkq, k'g{/;+/rgf cl3

/ k5Lsf] ca:yf ljZn]if0f / hgrfxgfsf gf}nf phfu/ kIf .

;fa{hflgs ;]jf k|afxsf] l:ylt / ;d:of laZn]if0fM:jf:y ;]jf k|afxsf] l:ylt, ;d:of /

of]hgfn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ kg]{ laifo, lzIff ;]jfsf] l:ylt, ;d:of / of]hgfn] ;Daf]wg ug'{kg]{ laifo,

;fdflhs ;'/Iff h:t}, Affnaflnsf, dlxnf, ckfËtf ePsf AolQm, Ho]i7 gful/s, l;dfGts[t /

17

lk58f ;d'bfo cflbsf] jt{dfg ca:yf, ;d:of / of]hgfn] ;Daf]wg ug;kg]{ laifo . vfg]kfgL,

;/;kmfO{, laB't, ;+~rf/ cflbsf] at{dfg l:ylt, ;d:of / of]hgfn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ kg]{ laifo .

k"jf{wf/ l:ylt / ;d:ofMef}lts k'af{wf/ h:t} ;8s, hn / xjfO oftfoft, phf{ cflbsf]

at{dfg ca:yf, ;d:of / of]hgfn] ;Daf]wg ug'kg]{ laifo .

cflY{fs l:ylt / ;d:ofM ul/aL, /f]huf/L, pBf]u wGbf, Aofkf/ Aofa;fo, xf]6]n, ko{6g cflbsf]

at{dfg cj:yf, ;d:of / of]hgfn] ;Daf]wg ug'{kg]{ laifo. dfly pNn]lvt laifox?sf] laZn]if0f /

:yfgLotxsf] l:yltkqsf] cWoog / laZn]if0faf6 :yfgLotxsf ;d:of / cfalws of]hgfn]

;Daf]wg ug'kg]{ laifox?sf] olsg ul/G5 .

%=@=@ :yfgLo txsf ;an / sdhf]/ kIf tyf pgLx?sf cj;/ / r'gf}tLx?sf] ljZn]if0f .

:yfgLo txsf ;an / sdhf]/ kIf tyf plgx?sf ca;/ / r'gf}tLx?sf] (SWOT Analysis)

Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat) laZn]if0f u/]/ klg :yfgLo txsf] cfalws of]hgdf

;Daf]wg ug'{kg]{ ;d:of x?sf] klxrfg ul/G5=.

tflnsf !M :yfgLotxsf ;an / b'a{n kIf tyf cj;/ / r'gf}tL ljZn]if0f

qm=;+= Ljifo ;ankIf b'a{nkIf cj;/ r'gf}tL ;ankIf / cj;/nfO{{

pkof]u ub}{ b'a{nkIf /

r'gf}tLnfO{{ x6fpg] /0fgLlt

-s_Joj:yfklso

! dfgj, cfly{s

/ j:t'ut >f]t

@ Gfu/kflnsf÷ufpFkflnsf

sfof{nosf]

;Lk, 1fg / Ifdtf

# ;dGjo / ;f´]bf/L

$ Joj:yfkg ;"rgf k|0ffnL

% cg'udg / d"ofª\sg

-v_ sfo{qmdut

^ cfly{s kIf

& ;fdflhs kIf

* Hfnafo' kl/jt{g

( jg tyf jftfj/0f

!) k'af{wf/ lasf;,

k'g/lgdf{0f

!! Dffgaclwsf/ /

;fdflhs Gofo

!@ Z'f;f;g

!# >f]t klrfng

18

o:tf] ljZn]if0fsf nflu ;xeflutfd'ns k4ltdf cfwfl/t ;d:of ljZn]if0fsf cGo cf}hf/x?

(Problem Tree, Appreciative Enquiry cflb_ sf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 . o; laZn]if0fdf :yfgLo

txsf ;an / sdhf]/ kIf cfGtl/s x'G5g / ca;/ tyf r'gf}tL afXo x'G5g . t;y{ o:af6

:yfgLotxnfO{ cfˆgf] Ifdtfsf] ;xL klxrfg u/L cfˆgf] ;+:yfsf] ;an kIfsf] clwstd pkof]u

ug{ / sdL sdhf]l/nfO{ Go"g ug]{ pkfox? canDag ug{ d2t ldN5 . ;fy} o:tf] ljZn]if0fsf]

cfwf/df k|fKt ca;/x?sf] pkof]usf nflu /0fgLltx? th{'df u/L pko'Qm /0flglt 5gf}6 ul/

sfol{\glt lgdf{0f ug{'k5{ -tflnsf !_.

%=@=# ;/f]sf/jnfsf] ljZn]if0f

:yfgLotxsf ;Df:of klxrfg ug]{ ;Gbe{df o;sf laleGg ;/f]sf/jnfx?sf] (Stakeholders)

ljZn]if0f klg Ps dxTjk"0f{ kIf xf] . :yfgLotxsf] ljsf;df ;/f]sf/jnfsf] rf;f], ;d:of tyf

ck]Iffx¿ klxrfg u/L ljZn]if0f ug'{kb{5 . ;/f]sf/jnfsf rf;f]x? ;dod} klxrfg eO{ cfalws

of]hgfn] ;Daf]wg u/]sf] cj:Yffdf pgLx?sf] e"ldsf of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf ;sf/fTds x'g]xF'+bf

of]hgf th'{dfsf] o; ;d:of klxrfg r/0fdf ;/f]sf/jnfsf] laZn]if0f clt cfaZos k|s[of xf] .

;/f]sf/jnfsf] ljZn]if0f lgDgcg';f/sf] lalwckgfO{ ug{ pko'Qm x"G5 .

:yfgLotx;Fu ;DalGwt ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ tyf ;d"xx¿sf] ;"rL tof/ ug{] .

;"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ nlIft ;d"x, ;]jf k|bfos ;d"x, lghL If]q,

gful/s ;dfh, :yfgLo ;+3;+:yf cflbdf jlu{s/0f ug{] .

;/f]sf/jfnf ljZn]if0fsf] nflu d'Vo d'Vo ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ 5gf}6 ug{] .

5gf}6 ul/Psf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] ljz]iftf, rf;f], ;DefJotf / ;d:ofx¿sf] ljZn]if0f

ug{] .

:ygLotxsf] of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdsf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] e'ldsfnfO{ ljZn]if0f ug{] .

o; k|sf/n] :yfgLo ;d:ofx?sf] klxrfg / :yfgLo ljsf;df k|efjkfg]{ tTjx?sf] laZn]if0f

kZrft ljutsf k|of; tyf pknlAwx¿sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f, :ygLotxsf k|d'v ;d:of tyf

r'gf}tLx¿sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f / :yfgLotxsf] cfly{s Pa+ ;fdflhs ;]jfsf] :t/ tyf k'af{wf/sf]

ca:yf ;'wf/sf] nflu pknAw cj;/ tyf ;Defjgfx¿ ljZn]if0f ug'{ kb{5 . o;/L ul/g]

ljZn]if0f / k|If]k0fsf] cfwf/df cfalws lasf; of]hgf th'{df k|s[of cfsf]{ r/0fdf k|a]z ub{5 .

19

tflnsf @M ;/f]sf/jnfsf] ljZn]if0fsf ljifox¿sf] JofVofTds l6Kk0fL tof/ ug]{

;/f]sf/jnfsf]

ljz]iftf kl/df0ffTds kIfx¿ -;ª\Vof, k|ltzt, cflb_

;fdflhs kIfx¿ -wd{, ;+s[lt, ;fdflhs ;d'x, cflb_

cj:yf tyf x}l;ot -ljlw;Ddt, cgf}krfl/s, cflb_

;+/rgf -;+u7g, JolQm, cflb_

ultljlw tyf of]ubfg

;/f]sf/jnfsf] rf;f] cfjZostf tyf rfxgfx¿

rf;f] -JoQm, cJoQm, lglxt :jfy{_

cu|;/tf -cfzf, 8/, ck]Iff, cflb_

:jefj -d}qLk"0f{, t6:y, lj/f]wk"0f{, ;sf/fTds, gsf/fTds, cflb_

sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug{] lgsfo k|ltsf] wf/0ff

;/f]sf/jnfsf]

;DefJotf ;an kIf ->f]t, clwsf/, Psflwsf/, ;kmntf / l;sfOx¿, cflb_

;/f]sf/jnfn] :yfgLotxsf sfo{qmddf lbg ;Sg] of]ubfgx¿

;/f]sf/jnfsf

;d:ofx¿ b'a{ntf tyf sdL–sdhf]/L

:yfgLotxsf sfo{qmddf lbg grfxg] of]ubfgx¿

d'Vo ;d:ofx¿

:yfgLotxsf

sfo{qmdsf nflu

;/f]sf/jnfsf] dxTj

;/f]sf/jnfnfO{ s;/L x]g]{ <

;Da4 kIf k|ltsf] b[li6sf]0f tyf Jojxf/ s:tf] x'g'kg]{] xf]< cflb

%=# :yfgLo txsf] nflu kl/rfng tyf pkof]u ug{;lsg] ;DefJo ;|f]tsf] klxrfg

;+3Lo ;+/rgfdf Psn clwsf/ If]qsf ;|f]t pk/ :yfgLotxsf] cfˆgf] clwsf/ :yflkt /x]sf]n]

clwsf/If]q leqsf] kl/rfng tyf pkof]u ;DefJo ;|f]t klxrfg (identification) / ;DefJotf

(potential /viability) ljZn]if0f u/L ;f]sf] cfwf/df cfjlws of]hgfsf nflu yknufgL cg'dfg

ug{'kb{5 . :yfgLotxn] kl/rfng tyf pkof]u ug{ ;lsg]]] ;DefJo ;|f]t klxrfg tyf ljZn]if0f

ug{'k5{ .

#=$ :fd:of ;dwfg ug]{ ljsNksf] v]fhL / n]vfhf]vf

dflysf] v08df klxrfg ePsf ljsf; ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf] nflu s] s:tf /0fgLlt tyf

p2]Zox¿ lng' pko'Qm x"G5 eGg] ;DaGwdf laleGg lasNksf] vf]hL tyf n]vfhf]vf ug'kb{5 .

;d:of ;dwfg ug]{ s] s:tf ljsNkx¿ pknAw 5g\ ;f] af/] n]vfhf]vf ug'{ kb{5 . :yfgLotxsf

cfjZostfx¿ s] s] 5g\ < jf To:tf cfjZostfx? ;+Daf]wg ug{ s] s:tf p2]Zox¿ lgwf{/0f

ug'kb{5 < lt p2]Zox?nfO{ ljZn]if0f ug{ gsf/fTds efiffdf n]lvPsf ;d:ofnfO{{ ;sf/fTds

sygdf kl/jt{g u/L ;d:ofnfO{{ p2]Zodf kl/jt{g ug'{kb{5 .

20

p2]Zo ljZn]if0faf6 ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{] ljsNkx¿ klxrfg ug'{kg]{]x'G5 . ljsNkx? n}lËs tyf

;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fsf ;jfnx?nfO{ ;d]t ;Daf]wg x'g] vfnsf x'g'kb{5 . Ps} k|sf/sf

p2]Zox¿nfO{{ ;d"xs[t u/L ljleGg ljsNkx¿sf] 5gf}6 ug{ ;lsG5 . 5gf}6 ul/Psf

ljsNkx¿af6 s'g ljsNk dxTjk"0f{ 5 ;f]sf] d'NofÍ\sg u/L qmda4tf lgwf{/0f ug'{kb{5 .

k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f eO ;s]sf ;d:ofx¿ dWo]af6 d'Vo d'Vo ;d:ofx¿ 5gf}6 ug'kb{5 . k|To]s

;d:ofsf]] tTsfnLg c;/x¿, d'Vo sf/0fx¿ klxrfg ug'{ kb{5 . k|d'v ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfgsf

;Defljt pkfo / p2]Zo tyf d'Vo d'Vo /0fgLltx¿ s] s] x'g ;S5g\ 5gf}6 u/L tflnsf # df

pNn]v ug{'pko'Qm x'G5 .

tflnsf #M lasNk laZn]if0f

qmd

;+Vof

;d:of tTsflng

kl/0fd /

c;/

d'Vo sf/0f ;dwfgsf

;Deflat

pkfox?

;Deflat

p2]Zo

;d:of

;dwfgsf] nflu

lng'kg{] /0fgLlt

klxrfg ePsf ;Dd:ofx? ;dwfgsf ljsNkx? ljZn]if0f u/] kZrft sd nfut / ;do ufUg],

:yfgLo >f]tsf] clwstd pkof]u x'g], pknAw lzk / 1fgsf] k|of]u u/L ;d:of ;dwfg ug]{

ljsNksf] 5gf]6 ug{'kb{5 .

%=% cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfsf] ;f]r, nIf, p2]Zo, /0fgLlt / sfo{qmd lgwf{/0f

:yfgLotxsf] of]hgfsf] klxnf] efusf] ¿kdf l:yltkq tof/ eO ;s]kl5 of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd

th'{df sf] r/0fdf k|j]z ug'{kb{5 . of] r/0fdf :yfgLotxsf] j:t'l:ylt ljZn]if0faf6 k|fyldstfdf

k/]sf ;d:ofx¿nfO{{ ;Daf]wg ug'{kb{5 . ljsNk ljZn]if0fsf] cfwf/df lglb{i6 ;dodf pknAw

;|f]t tyf ;fwgx¿af6 x+fl;n ug{ ;lsg] glthf z[ª\vnf tyf sfo{qmdx¿ lgwf{/0f ug'{kb{5 =

%=%=! cfalws of]hgf th'{dfug{] lgb]{]zs l;4fGtx¿ lgwf{/0f ug]{

:yfgLotxsf] cfalws ljsf; of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofn] :yfgLotxdf a;f]af; ug{] ;a}

hg;d'bfosf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s, ;f:s[tLs / jftfa/0fLo cj:yfdf pNn]vgLo kl/jt{g Nofpg]

p2]Zo /fv]sf] x'Fbf of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofsf] nflu lgb]{]zs l;4fGtx¿ toug{'kb{5 . b]xfosf

cfwf/e't kIfx¿nfO{{ Wofgdf /flv lgb]{]zs l;4fGtx¿sf] lgwf{/0f ug{'kb{5 .

lbuf] ljsf; NfIo @)&@—@)*& k|fKt ug{ nlIft x'g'kb{5 .

21

;d[2 g]kfn / ;'vL g]kfnLsf] nIo nfO oyf{tdf abNg] sfo{qmdnfO k|fyldstf lbg' kb{5 .

:jf:Yo, lzIff, vfg]kfgL, ;/;kmfO{, laB't, ;~rf/ / oftfoft h:tf ;]jfnfO{{ ;j{JofkL

(Universal) agfpg] / oL ultljlwx¿df k|To]s AoflQm / ;d'bfosf] ;xh kx'Fr x'gkb{5 .

:j:Yo tyf ;'/lIft jftfj/0f, ljz]iful/ :jR5 xfjfkfgL, oy]i6 kf]if0f -vfBkbfy{_ tyf

cfjf;df k|To]s AoflQm / ;d'bfosf]] kx'Fr x'g'kb{5 .

:jf:Yo, lzIff, vfg]kfgL, ;/;kmfO{, ljB't, ;~rf/, oftfoft, dfgjclwsf/, ;fdflhs Gofo /

zf;g k4tL ;'wf/sf k|of;x¿df ;/sf/L, u}x|;/sf/L, gLlhIf]q, tyf cGt/f{li6«o

;f´]bf/x¿sf] ;xsfl/tfdf cl3 j9g' kb{5 .

k5f8L kfl/Psf blnt, hghftL, dw];L, ul/a, Psn dlxnf, ckfË / lk58fau{sf] ;]jfdf

kx'Fr a[l¢ ug{ cj/f]w k'¥ofpg] sf/s tTjx? kQf nufO ;f]sf] ;Daf]wg ug]{ u/L sfo{s|d

lgwf{/0f ug'Úkb{5 .

;fdflhs Pa+ ;f+:s[lts ca:Yffdf c;/ k'¥ofpg] k|rngdf /x]sf sf/s tTj tyf

hf]lvdx¿sf] af/]df 1fg x'g clt h?/L 5 .

k|fyldstf tyf nIox¿sf] lgwf{/0fsf] cfwf/ j}1flgs tYo_ (scientific evidence)df cfwfl/t

x'gkb5{ .

;xeflutfd'ns k|lqmofaf6 k|fyldstf tyf nIox¿nfO{{ clGtd ¿klbg'kb{5 .

eljiosf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts / jftfa/l0fo :jf:Yosf] cj:yfdf c;/ kfg]{ ;Sg]

;fdflhs tyf jftfj/0fLo k|j[lQx¿sf] cg'udg tyf cjnf]sg ug{] Ifdtf cTofjZos x'G5 .

%=%=@ glthf z[ªvnf lgwf{/0f ug]{

of]hgfn] xfFl;n ug{ rfx]sf glthfx¿ Ps} k6sdf x+fl;n geO Ps kl5 csf{] u/L qmdzM

;dofg';f/ x+fl;n x'Fb} hfg] x'G5g .>]0fLut p2]Zox¿ (Hierarchy of objectives) sf] lgwf{/0f ubf{

glthfdf cfwfl/t Joj:yfkg (result-based management)ljlwnfO{{ k|of]u ug'{kb{5 -lrq @_ . of]

ljlwn] :yfgLotxsf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s, ;f+:s[lts / jftfa/l0fo l:yltdf ;'wf/ ug]{ k|of; /

;f]sf] k|ltkmn ;DaGw (cause and effect relationships) b]vfpF5 . o;n] of]hgfsf] glthf ;[ª\vnf,

nIox¿ tyf ;"rsx¿sf] lgwf{/0fdf ;xof]u u5{ . glthfsf] ljleGg tx x'g] x'Fbf gd'gfsf] ¿kdf

txut glthfsf] ;[ª\vnf tn pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . :yfgLotxsf of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdsf]

glthfx¿ toubf{ dflyNnf] txsf glthfnfO{{ kl/eflift ub}{ tn ´g'{ kb{5. ;a{k|yd of]hgfsf]

clGtd k|ltkmn jf k|efj (Impact)to ug{] . To; kl5 qmdzM c;/x? / k|ltkmnxnfO{{ kl/eflift

ug{'kb{5 . glthfx¿ ljlzi6 (specific), gfKg ;lsg] (measurable), k|fKt x'g ;Sg] (attainable),

k|f;ª\lus (relevant), tyf ;docfa4 (time–bound)cyf{t SMART x'g'kb{5 . z[ª\vnfdf /x]sf

ljleGg txsf glthfx¿ ts{;ª\ut ¿kn] qmda4 x'g 'kb{5 . ctM glthfx¿aLr sf/0f

c;/;DaGw (cause-effect-relationships) jf ;fwg ;fWo / ;DaGw (means-end-relationship) 5,

5}g hfFr ug{'k5{ . cfjZos eP csf{] glthf 5gf}6 ug{] jf glthf n]vgsf] zAbx¿df x]/km]/

u/L glthf ;[ª\vnfnfO{{ kl/dfh{g ug'{kb{5 .

22

lrq @M glthf z[Ëvnf

ljsf;sf glthfx¿

(Development results)

k|efjx?(Impacts)

c;/x? (Outcomes)

kl/0ffd jf pkh jf pTkfbgx?(Outputs)

ultljlwx¿ (Activities)

;fwg tyf >f]tx? (Inputs)

;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] ;xeflutfd"ns 5nkmnaf6 k|:tflat glthf z[ª\vnfnfO{ clGtd ?k lbg'kb5{

. glthfx¿ lgwf{/0f ubf{ ltgLx¿sf] ;DefJotfnfO{{ ;'lglZrt ug'{kb{5 . o;sf] nflu lgDg k|d'v

k|Zgx¿df Wofg lbg'kb{5M s] glthfsf] nflu lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] ;do, ;Ldf / >f]tx¿ tyf

ck]lIft kl/jt{g aLr kof{Kt ;Gt'ng 5< s] xfdL pknAw >f]tx¿af6 w]/} s'/fx¿ug{

vf]hL/x]sft 5}gf}< cGo kIfx¿ jf hf]lvdx¿ s] s] x'g h;n] glthfsf] k|flKt k|efljt ug{ ;S5

<cflb .

#=%=# bL3{sflng ;f]r lgwf{/0f (Vision) ug]{

bL3{sflng ;f]r eg]sf] ;kgf b]Vg' xf] . of] b'/b[li6 xf] . cfbz{ cj:yfsf] kl/sNkgf xf] . ;f]rn]

dflg;df pTk|]/0ff hufpF5 . ;f]rdf uGtAosf] nueu klxrfg ePsf] x'g'k5{ . ;f]r ;fdfGotof

nfdf] ;dosfnsf nflu lnOG5 . gLlt tyf of]hgfsf] ;Gbe{df ;fdfGotof bL3{sfnLg ;f]r !%

b]lv @) jif{sf nflu lng] ul/G5 .g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] :yfgLotxnfO{ la36g jf vf/]h jf

k|lt:yfkg ug{;Sg] s'g} ca:yfsf] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] 5}g . :yfgLonfO{ :yfgLotxsf] k|d'vsf]

kbdf nuftf/ b'O{ sfo{sfn lgjf{lrt eO cf+ˆgf] ufpFkflnsf jf gu/kfnlssfsf] nflu ;f]r lng]

/ !) jif{ sfof{Gjog ug{;Sg] ;+j}wflgs cj;/ k|fKt 5 . t;y{ :yfgLotxsf] ;fdflhs,cfly{s,

;f+:s[lts ca:yf, ef}lts k'af{wf/ / cf}Bf]lus/0fsf] eljio s:tf] x'g' kg]{] xf] / x+fFl;n ug{

;lsg] vfnsf] cfb{z cj:yf(attainable ideal situation) sf] kl/sNkgf u/L bL3{sfnLg ;f]r

(long-term vision) lgwf{/0f ug'{kb{5 .

pbfx/0sf] nfluM ;d[4 gu/ / ;'vL gu/af;L

23

#=%=$ cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfsf] nIo lgwf{/0f

nIo Ps rfxgf xf] h'g x+fFl;n ug{ lgwf{/0f ul/G5 . of] rfxgfsf] clGtd glthf xf] . o:tf]

rfxgfdf k|flKtsf] cfzf /xG5 . :yfgLo ljsf;sf] nIo lgwf{/0f ubf{ :yfgLotxdf kl/rfng tyf

pkof]u ;DefJo ;|f]t klxrfg / :yfgLotxsf] ;d:of ljZn]if0faf6 lg:s]sf lgisif{x¿nfO{ d'Vo

cfwf/ dfGg'kb{5 .

pbfx/0fsf] nflu

cfly{s pGgtL / ef}lts k'af{wf/sf] ljsf; u/L ;d[4 gu/ agfpg] .

#=%=% p2]Zo lgwf{/0f

s]xL rfx /fvL Tof] xfl;n ug{'sf] cf;o g} p2]Zo xf] . p2]Zon] pknAwL k|fKt x'g] cy{ nfUg]

kl/efiff lbG5 . ljsf;sf p2]Zox¿ PseGbf a9L x'g ;S5g\ . logLx¿df b]xfosf ljz]iftf

x'g'k5{ .

nIo k|flKt ;DaGwL dWodsflng glthf ;d]l6g] u/L p2]Zo n]vg ug{'k5{ .

p2]Zo nIo eGbf aflx/ hfg' x'Fb}g .

p2]Zo u'0ffTds / kl/df0ffTds ?kn] dfkg ug{ ;Dej x'g]u/L n]vg ug'kb{5 .

nIfn] :yfgLotxsf] ljsf;sf] ;Defjgf / cj;/x?nfO{ clwstd pkof]u ug]{s'/f ;+s]t

u/]sf] x'g'k5{ .

Ps nIo xfl;n ug{ Ps eGbf a9L p2]Zo lng ;lsG5 .

pbfx/0fsf] nflu

lk5l8Psf uf+pFa:tLsf hgtfsf] cflYf{s :t/ p7fpg] .

k|lt AoflQm cfo aflif{s ? !!),))) af6 ? @))))) k'ofpg] .

ul/aL lgjf/0f u/L cfly{s ;d[l4 xf+l;n ug]{ .

%=%=^ ljifo If]qut p2]Zo / kl/k"/stf

ljifoIf]qut eGgfn] :yfgLotxsf] ;du| cfly{s / ;fdflhs ljsf;sf nflu ^ j6f ;d"xs[t

pkIf]qx?nfO{ hgfpF5 . dfyL pNn]lvt ljifout If]qx?n] c+fcfˆgf] If]qdf xfl;n ug]{ p2o]Zosf

nflu lgsfNg'kg]{ glthf g} af:tjdf ljifout If]qsf p2]Zo x'g . oL ljifoIf]qut ;ldltdf

:yfgLotxsf] cf+ˆgf] ;f]r lgwf{/0f eO p2]Zox? :yflkt ePsf] ca:yfdf tL p2]Zosf] ljifout

pknAwL ;Fusf] cGt/;DaGw / kl/k"/stfnfO{ hfFRg] sfd ug'{kb{5 .

24

lk5fl8Psf ufp+a:tLdf ;+~rflnt cflYf{s lqmofsnfan] nf]kpGd'v hflt, blnt tyf

cfly{s ?kn] l;dGts[t hgtfnfO k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ x'g;S5 .

k|lt AoflQm cfo a9fpg ;dfhsf ;a} kIfnfO{ ;dfg ca;/ cfjZos x'g;S5 .

ul/aL lgjf/0f ug{ ul/a s]lGb|t ;fdflhs cfly{s sfo{qmd cfjZos x'Gg;S5g .

dflysf kIfnfO{ Wofg lbP/ laifoIf]qut p2]Zon] :yfgLo txsf] ;du| ljsf;df s] s:tf

;dk'/s / kl/k'/ssf] e"ldsf lgaf{x ub{5g hf+r u/L pGgt kl/k'/stf lasf; ug'{ cfjZos

x'G5 .

%=%=& /0fgLlt lgwf{/0f

nIo / p2]Zox? xfl;n ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ tf}/ tl/sf g} /0fgLlt xf] . o'4 lhTg jf v]n lhTg

rflng] rfn g} /0fgLlt xf] . lhTg] sfd kmQ] ug{ /0fgLlt kl/jt{g ul//xg ;lsG5 . cfjlws

ljsf; of]hgfsf nIf / p2]Zo xf;n ug{ ljleGg /0fgLltx? to ug{'k5{ . sfo{qmd

sfof{Gjogsf] ;dodf lgwf{l/t /0fgLltn] pGgt sfd ug{ g;s]df dWofawL d"Nof+Íg u/L

k'g/fjnf]sg ug{ ;lsG5 .

pbfx/0fsf] nflu

:yfgLo:t/df ljsf; sfo{qmd ;+~rfng ubf{ lk5fl8Psf ufFp / hg;d'bfonfO laz]if

k|fyldstf lbg] .

pTkfbg j[l4 u/L ul/a hgtfsf] cfo:t/ a9fpg] sfo{qmd hg;xeflutfdf 5gf}6 ug]{

cflb .

#=%=* sfo{qmd (Program) lgdf{0f

lgw{fl/t p2]Zox? k"/f ug{ cyf{t glthf lgsfNg p2]Zol;t ;DalGwt sfo{qmdx? th{'df ug{'k5{

. s'g} vf; p2]Zo k|flKtsf] lglDt tof/ ul/Psf sfo{ / lqmofsnfkx¿sf] ljleGg sfo{ If]q

(sector/sub-sector) ;Fu ;DalGwt cfof]hgf, sfo{k4lt jf ;]jfx¿sf] PsLs[t ;d"xnfO{ g}

sfo{qmd elgG5 . cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfn] lglb{i6 u/]sf nIf Pjd\ gLltx?nfO{ sfo{gLlt dfkm{t

?kfGt/0f ug{ sfo{qmdx? lgdf{0f ul/G5g .

sfo{qmd eg]sf] of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{] lgsfosf] lgoGq0fdf /xg] sfo{x¿ x'g . sfo{qmd

sfof{Gjogsf] pkh jf kmn eg]sf] kl/0ffd xf] .sfo{qmd / kl/0ffdx¿ to ubf{ ;d:of

ljZn]if0fsf] cfwf/df ug{'kb{5 . ;d:of ljZn]if0faf6 k|fKt glthfx¿ adf]lhd eP gePsf] hfFr

u/L kl/dfh{g ug{'k5{ . ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] ;xeflutfd'ns 5nkmnaf6 of]hgfsf kl/0ffdx¿ tyf

sfo{qmdx?sf] clGtd ?k lbg'k5{ . of]hgfsf kl/0ffd tyf sfo{qmd 5gf}6 ubf{ lgDg

cfwf/x¿nfO{{ Wofg lbg'kb{5M k|efjsfl/tf (Effectiveness), ;dtf (Equity), nfutsfo{bIftf -Cost

25

efficieny), :jLsfo{tf (Acceptability), ;do (Timing), clglZrttf (Uncertainty) / lbuf]kgf

(Sustainability) .

pbfx/0sf] nflu

ko{6g ljsf; sfo{qmd

phf{ ljsf; sfo{qmd

s[lif ljsf; sfo{qmd

pBf]u ljsf; sfo{qmd

k"a{fwf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd

lk5fl8Psf If]qdf ul/aL lgjf/0f sfo{qmd

u|fld0f ;8s ;\wf/ sfo{qmd

k"jf{wf/ ljsf; sfo{qmd

s[lif k|zf]wg pBf]u sfo{qmd

cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf Ps lgb]{zs of]hgfsf] ?kdf /xg] ePsfn] sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf nflu

ul/g] lqmofsnfk Pjd\ ultljlw:t/sf] lj:t[t tof/L Pjd\ th{'df o:df ul/+b}g . o:tf] of]hgf

lqmofsnfkx? jflif{s of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd dfkm{t ;Daf]wg ul/G5g . tyfkL cfjlws of]hgfdf

/flvg] sfo{qmdx?n] ;f] sfo{qmd ;3fpg] u/L ;f]lrPsf If]q / of]hgfx? g5'6'g eGgfsf nflu

of]hgf tyf cfof]hgfx? ;d]t lgwf{/0f ug{'k5{ . o;/L lgwf{/0f ul/Psf of]hgfx? qmlds ?kdf

cfjlws of]hgf cjlwe/ ljleGg kl/df0ffTds ;+Vofdf ;~rfng ul/G5g / jflif{s of]hgfx?df

xfFl;n ul/g] pknAwLsf] s'n of]u g} cfjlws of]hgfsf] kl/df0ffTds nIf x'G5g .

%=%=( sfo{qmd∕cfof]hgfsf] ;+efAotf cWoog

;+efAotf cWoog cfof]hgf 5gf]6sf] Ps dxTjk'0f{ k|lqmof xf] h;af6 k|:t't cfof]hgf pknJw

ahf/, k|fljlw, ljlQo tyf cfly{s b[li6sf]0fn] ;+rfng of]Uo (viable) 5 jf 5}g eGg] lgwf{/0f

ug{ ;lsG5 . ;|f]t tyf ;fwgsf] ;Lldttfn] ubf{ :yfgLo rfxgfsf ;a} cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{

g;lsg] x'Fbf k|lt:kwf{df /x]sf ;Defljt cfof]hgfx¿dWo]af6 ;a}eGbf pQd cfof]hgf 5gf}6 ug{

;DefJotf cWoog ug'{kb{5 . o;n] cfof]hgf k|flalws ?kn] Jojxfl/s (Practical)tyf cfly{s

?kn] wfGg ;lsg] (viable) 5 5}g eGg] 5fgaLg ub{5 . ;+efAotf cWoog ubf{ sfo{qmd jf

cfof]hgfsf] ahf/, k|fljlws kIf, ljQLo kIf, cfly{s kIf, lbuf] lasf; nIo, jftfj/0fLo tyf

hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ng kIf, n}+lus kIf / ;+u7g Joj:yfkg kIfsf] ljZn]if0f ug'kb{5.

sfo{qmd th'{df ubf{ ;+DefAotf cWoogn] pRr k|ltkmn lbg], :yfgLo l;k / ;fwfgn] sfof{Gjog

ug{ ;lsg], sd ;dodf ;DkGg x'g], sd nfut nfUg] cfof]hgfx? 5gf}6 ug{' pko'Qm x'G5 .

26

%=%=!) sfo{qmdx?sf] k|fyldstf

cfjlws of]hgf th{'dfsf nflu cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmdsf] k|flyldsLs/0f ubf{ :yfgLo ;/sf/

;~rfng P]gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf ah]6 tyf sfo{qmdsf] k|flydsLs/0fsf cfwf/, ;+3Lo ;/sf/

tyf k|b]z ;/sf/af6 k|fKt dfu{bz{g, :yfgLo cfly{s cj:yf, cfGtl/s cfosf] cj:yf h:tf

cfwf/df ug{'k5{ . k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ubf{ ljifoIf]qut ?kdf ;ldlt leqsf of]hgfx?nfO{

k|fyldsLs/0f ul/g'k5{ . of]hgfsf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ubf{ :yfgLotxn] pko'Qm cfwf/ 5gf}6

u/L cÍef/ lgwf{/0f ug]{ / a9L cÍ k|fKt u/]sf sfo{qmd tyf of]hgfsf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f

ug{'k5{ . cfof]hgf k|fyldsLs/0f ug{sf] nflu ;a} If]qdf nfu'x'g] u/L cfwf/x? tof/ u/L k|To]s

cfwf/sf] nflu cnu cnu c+Íef/ 5'6\ofO{ c+Í lbO k|fyldlss/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . k|fyldstf to

ubf{ k|tIo of]ubfg k'ofpg]nfO{ clt pQd -tLg c+Í_, ck|TIo of]ubfg k'ofpg]nfO pQd -b'O{

c+Í_, / ty:6nfO{ ;fdfGo -Ps c+Í_ u/L alu{s/0f ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 -tflnsf $_ .

tflnsf $M cfof]hgfsf] c+Í

qm=;+ of]ubfgsf lsl;d of]ubfg c+Í

! s_ k|ToIf of]ubfg k'ofpg]

clt pQd #

@ -v_ ck|ToIf ubfg k'ofpg]

pQd @

# u_ ty:6

;fdfGo !

$ -3_ Go'g of]ubfg k'ofpg] Go'g )

sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf] k|fyldsLs/0f dfkb08 cg';"rL @ df pNn]v ul/Psf 5g .

%=%=!! cfof]hgfx¿sf] ;"rL tof/ ug]{

ufpFkflnsf tyf gu/kflnsfn] of]hgf agfpFbf cNk, dWod tyf bL3{sfnLg k|s[ltsf

cfof]hgfx¿sf] ;"rL ;d]t tof/ ug{'kg]{ sfg"gL k|fjwfg /x]sf] 5 . :yfgLotxn] cfˆgf] cfjlws

ljsf; of]hgfsf] cjlwnfO{ dWodsfnLg / ;f]r k"/fug]{ cjlwnfO{ bL3{sfnLg dfGg'k5{ .

cfof]hgfx?sf] ;"rLdf lgDg ;"rgfx? pNn]v ug{ pko'Qm x"G5 -tflnsf %_ .

tflnsf %M cfof]hgfsf] ;do cg';f/sf] laa/0f

qmd

;+Vof

cfof]hgfsf] gfd cNksflng k|s[lt -!

b]lv # aif{df ;DkGg

ug{ ;lsg]_

dWosflng k|s[lt -

# b]lv % aif{df

;DkGg ug{ ;lsg]_

lb3{sflng k|s[lt

-% aif{ eGbf a9L ;do

nfUg] / cf+kmg} ;|f]tn]

lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsg]_

!

@

#

27

;fy} cfof]hgfx? sfof{Gjogdf n}hfg s'g:t/df /x]sf] 5 ;f] af/] hfgsf/L /fVg b]xfosf]

tflnsf cg';f/sf] cfof]hgf;"rL agfpg pko'Qm x'G5 .

tflnsf ^M cfof]hgfx?sf] ;''rL

cfof]h

gfsf]

gfd cfof]hgfsf] of]ubfg ;+efAotf

cWog

:yfgLo

k|fyldstf

nufgL

lglZrttf

afxo

;xof]usf]

cfaZostf

clt

pQd pQd ;fdfGo Go'g ePsf] gePsf] xf] xf]Og 5 5}g 5 5}g

o:tf] ;"rL agfpFbf ljifo If]qut 5'§f5'§} / ltgsf] ;|f]t nufgL k|If]k0f klg ul/g'k5{ .

:yfgLotxsf ;xof]uL OR5's /fli6«o jf afXo ;+:yfn] nufgLsf nflu cfof]hgf 5gf}6 o:tf]

;"rLaf6} ub{5g .

%=%=!@ PsLs[t cfjlws of]hgf th{'df ;ldlt

ufp+kflnsfsf] pkfWoIf jf gu/kflnsfsf] pkk|d'vsf] ;+of]hsTjdf /x]sf] ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd

th{'df ;ldltn] g} ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th{'df ;DaGwL :yfgLotxsf] cfjZostf adf]lhdsf

cGosfo{x¿ ug{'kg]{ ePsf]n] ;a} ljifoIf]qut ;ldltx?af6 tof/ ePsf] ljZn]if0f / k|:tfjsf

;DaGwdf pQm ;ldltn] g} b]xfosf] sfd ;Dkfbg u/L ljsf; of]hgfx? PsLs[t :j?kdf tof/

ug{'k5{ . o:tf] PsLs/0f ubf{ b]xfosf sfo{x? ;Dkfbg ug{'k5{ .

ljifout If]qsf of]hgfx? PsLs[t ug]{ .

of]hgf tyf sfo{qmddf bf]xf]/f]kgf x'g glbg] .

of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd aLr cfk;LtfbfTdtf tyf kl/k"/stf sfod ug]{ .

%=%=!# ljifout vfsfsf] tof/L

PsLs[t cfjlws of]hgfth{'df ;ldltn] cf+ˆgf] sfd ;Dkfbg u/]kl5 b:tfj]h n]vgsf nflu

ljifout vfsfsf] tof/L ug{'k5{ . o:tf] vfsfn] n]vg sfo{nfO{ l;dLt / ljifo s]lG›t /fV5

.cfjlws of]hgf b:tfj]hsf] ljifout vfsf cg';"rLdf !df /flvPsf] 5 .

%=^ cfjZos ;|f]t ;fwgsf] ljZn]if0f / dWodsflng vr{ ;+/rgf

28

;3Lo ljQ Joj:yf cGtu{t ljleGg txdf ul/g] vr{ clwsf/sf] afF8kmfF8, s/ tyf /fh:j

k|0ffnL ljsf;, dflyNnf] txaf6 tNnf] txdf ljQLo x:tfGt/0fsf] Joj:yf / cTofjZos ljsf;

vr{ h'6fpg ;fj{hlgs C0f lng] Joj:yf h:tf ljifox?df :ki6 ;+j}wflgs tyf sfg"gL Joj:yf

ul/Psf]n] tL ;a}sf] ljZn]if0f ul/g'k5{ .ljZn]if0f ubf{ /fh:j, ;dflgs/0f /sd, laif]; cg'bfg,

;;t{ cg'bfg, C0f,bft[kIf / cGt//fli6«o ;xof]u cflbnfO ;d]6g' kb{5 .

:yfgLotxn] cfjlws of]hgf cjlwsf nflu ;fj{hlgs vl/bsf] cg'dfg ubf{ cfufdL tLg cfly{s

jif{df x'g] vl/bsf] k|If]k0f ;lxtsf] dWosfnLg vr{ ;+/rgf tof/ ug{' k5{ . dWosfnLg vr{

;+/rgfdf b]xfosf ljj/0f v'nfpg' k5{ .

k|:tfljt of]hgfsf] p2]Zo .

k|:tfljt of]hgfsf] nfut ;+efJotf cWoog ug{ jf vr{ 5'6\ofpg cfjZos /x]sf]

s'/fsf] k'i6\offFO{ .

k|:tfljt of]hgf sfof{Gjog x'g ;Sg] cfly{s jif{ / To;lk5sf b'O{ cfly{s jif{df k|fKt

x'g ;Sg] k|ltkmn / pknJwL .

k|:tfljt of]hgf nfu" ug{ cfjZos kg]{ vl/bsf] ljj/0f .

vr{ Joxf]g]{ ;|f]t / v/Lb ul/Psf] /sdaf6 k|fKt x'g ;Sg] k|ltkmn / pknJwLsf] k|If]k0f,/

k|:tfljt of]hgfsf] dWod cjlwsf] v/Lbsf] /0fgLlt / To;sf] jflif{s v/Lb;Fusf]

tfbfDotf .

%=^=! cfof]hgfx?s]f nflu jflif{s tyf cfjlws nufgL k|If]k0f ug]{

cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu k|fyldstf qmd lgwf{/0f ul/Psf cfof]hgf tyf

sfo{qmdx?nfO{ sfof{Gjog of]hgfdf pNn]v ul/P adf]lhd cfjlws of]hgfx?sf] lgwf{l/t

jif{x?df sfof{Gjog ug{ jflif{s / cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf cjlwsf nflu nufgL sfo{qmd tof/

ug{'k5{ . cfof]hgfx?sf nflu jflif{s tyf cfjlws nufgLsf] cg'dfg tnsf cg'R5]bdf elgo

cg';f/ ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

%=^=@ cfGtl/s / afXo ;|f]t ljZn]if0f ug]{

dfyL cg'dfg ul/Psf nufgLsf nflu cfGtl/s / afXo ;|f]t ljZn]if0f ug{'k5{ . cfGtl/s ;|f]t

eg]sf] :yfgLotxsf] sfo{If]qleqsf] k"0f{ lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] cj:yf xf] . o;cGtu{t Psn

clwsf/If]qdf kg]{ ;|f]t kb{5g . afXo jftfj/0f eGgfn] :yfgLotxsf] k"0f{ lgoGq0fdf g/xg] t/

:yfgLotxn] k|efj kfg{ ;Sg], gLltut ;'wf/df ;xof]u ug{;Sg] / dful{ \gb]{z ug{;Sg] cj:yfnfO{

hgfpF5 . of] eg]sf] ;‹Lo tyf k|b]z sfg"gaf6 lgb]l{ \zt x'g] ljifo klg x'g . o;df u}/;/sf/L

;+:yf, ;xsf/L, ;fd'bflos ;3, ;+:yf / lghLIf]qsf sfo{qmdx¿sf ;fy} s]G›Lo:t/af6 ;~rflnt

;|f]t tyf of]hgf / sfo{qmdx¿ kb{5g\ -tflnsf &_.

29

Tfflnsf &M ufpFsfo{kflnsf tyf gu/sfo{kflnsfn] ;|f]t ;fwgsf] cg'dfg

sfo{qmdM cfly{s ljsf;

sfo{qmd hDdf cg'dflgt

nfut ?,))) df

jif{ ! jif{ @ jif{ # jif{ $ jif{ %

-s_ dWosflng

cfof]hgf

!

@

H

$

%

hDdf

-v_ cfalws

of]hgfsf] nflu

cfof]hgf

!

@

#

$

%

hDdf

gf]6M of] cg'dflgt nfut laa/0f kmf/d cfly{s ljsf; If]qsf] ;a} If]qsf] nflu h:t} ;fdflhs If]q, k'af{wf/

If]q, jftfa/0f tyf lakb Aofa:yfkg If]q, ;+:yfut ljsf; tyf ;]jf k|afx If]q, lalQo Aofa:yfkg / z';f;g

If]qsf] nflu 5'66f 5'66} eg'{kb{5 .

%=^=# cfGtl/s ;|f]tsf] ljZn]if0f / k|If]k0f

cfGtl/s ;|f]taf6 pknAw x'g ;Sg] ;|f]tx? of]hgf th'{df ubf{sf] aif{nfO{ cfwf/ aif{dflg k|If]k0f

ug'{k5{ . k|If]k0fsf] nflu tflnsf * sf] k|of]u ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

tflnsf *M ah]6 k|If]k0f -?, ))) df_

lzif{s cfjlws of]hg th'{df

aif{sf] v'b cfo

cfjlws of]hgf

cjlwsf] cg'dfg

s}lkmot

;DklQ s/

3/hUuf s/

Joj;fo s/

hl8a'l6,sjf8L / hLahGt' s/

s'n s/ cg'dfg

axfn lj6f}/L z"Ns

kflsË z'Ns

;]jf z'Ns

s'n z'Ns cg'dfg

s'n cg'dfg

30

%=^=$ afXo ;|f]tsf] ljZn]if0f / k|If]k0f

:yfgLo txnfO{ cfalws of]hgf calwdf afXo ;|f]taf6 x'g;Sg] ;DefAo ;|f]tx?sf] laZn]if0f /

k|If]k0f ug'k{5 . o;/L afXo ;|f]tsf] k|If]k0f ubf{ of]hgf th'{df aif{nfO cfwf/ aif{dfgL afXo

;|f]taf6 cfpgsf] nflu k|lta4tf AoQm ePsf / cGo lgs6 elaiodf pknAw x'g] ;|f]tx?nfO{

Wofg lbO tflnsf ( cg';f/ k|If]k0f ug'{k5{ .

tflnsf (M afXo ;|f]tsf] k|If]k0f -? ,))) df_

lzif{s cfjlws of]hgf th'{df

jif{sf] v'b cfo cfjlws of]hgf

cjlwsf] cg'dfg

s}lkmot

;+3Lo laefHosf]if af6 k|fKt af+8kmf+8

;dfgLs/0f cg'bfg

;zt{ cg'bfg -;+3 / k|b]z_

ljz]if cg'bfg

k|b]z ;+l~rt sf]ifjf6 af+8kmf+8

s'n af+8kmf+8

a}b]lzs ;xfotf

cfGtl/s C0f

cGo :yfgLotxjf6 k|fKt cg'bfg

JolQm ;+3;+:yfjf6 k|fKt cg'bfg

s'n ;xfotf / cg'bfg

s'n afXo;|f]t cg'dfg

%=^=% gLlh If]qaf6 kl/rfng x'g] ;+efAo ;|f]tsf] ljZn]if0f / k|If]k0f

;|f]tx?sf]] laZn]if0f ubf{ gLlh If]qaf6 x'g] ;+efAo nufgLsf] ljZn]if0f / k|If]k0f tflnsf !)

cg';f/ ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

tflnsf (M afXo ;|f]tsf] k|If]k0f -? ,))) df_

lzif{s cfjlws of]hgf th'{df

jif{sf] v'b cfo cfjlws of]hgf cjlwsf]

cg'dfg

s}lkmot

;+3Lo laefHosf]if af6 k|fKt

af+8kmf+8

;dfgLs/0f cg'bfg

;zt{ cg'bfg -;+3 / k|b]z_

ljz]if cg'bfg

k|b]z ;+l~rt sf]ifjf6 af+8kmf+8

s'n af+8kmf+8

a}b]lzs ;xfotf

cfGtl/s C0f

cGo :yfgLotxjf6 k|fKt cg'bfg

JolQm ;+3;+:yfjf6 k|fKt cg'bfg

s'n ;xfotf / cg'bfg

s'n afXo;|f]t cg'dfg

31

%=^=^ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf -u};;_ af6 kl/rfng x'g] ;|f]tsf] laZn]if0f / k|If]]]]]k0f

;|f]tx?sf] cf+sng ubf{ u};;af6 ljleGg ;fdflhs sfo{sf] nflu x'g] ;|f]t kl/rfngsf] cf+sng

tflnsf !! cg';f/ ug{ cfaZos x'G5 .

tflnsf !! u};;sf] ;|f]t k|If]k0f (?,))) df) lzif{s u};;sf]

Psn

nufgL :yfgLotx;+u

;xnufgL :yfgLotx,

k|b]z / ;+3

;+usf]

;xnufgL

cfjlws of]hgfdf

u};;af6 dfq x'g]

s'n nufgL s}lkmot

:jf:Yo

;'Ts]/L :ofxf/ sfoqmd

;fdflhs ;]jf

hnjfo' kl/jt{g

s'n cg'dfgLt nufgL

dfly pNn]lvt cfGtl/s / afXo b'j} ;|f]taf6 ;+sng tyf kl/rfng of]Uo ;|f]tx? dWo] cfjlws

of]hgf cjlwdf pknAw x'g;Sg] k"FhLut nufgLsf] cg'dfg ug{'k5{ . o:tf] cg'dfg ubf{

;fj{hfgLs, gLlh / u};; If]qsf] 5'66f 5'§} / ;+o'Qm b'a} cg'dfg ug{'k5{ .

%=^=& cfalws of]hgf cjlwdf kl/rfng ;+efAo s'n ;|f]tsf] cg'dfg

dfly pNn]lvt k|lqmof cg';f/ cGt/Ls / afXo If]qaf6 kl/rfng x'g] ;du| ;|f]tsf] cf+sng u/L

cfalws of]hgf calwnfO} rflxg] ;|f]t / pknAw ;|f]tsf] ljZn]if0f u/L :yfgLotxdf k|fyldstf

k|fKt cfof]hgfsf] nflu ;|f]tsf] pknAwtfsf] k|Tofe'tL ug{ cfaZos x'G5 . s'n ;|f]tsf] laZn]if0f

ug{ tflnsf !@ sf] k|of]u ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

tflnsf !@M s'n ;|f]tsf] k|If]k0f -? ,))) df_

;|f]tsf] laj/0f jif{ ! jif{ @ jif{ # jif{ $ jif{ %

-s_ s'n ;+sng cfGt/Ls

afXo

-v_ k|zf;gLs / cGo bfloTj

-u_ -s—v_ nufgL of]Uo cg'dfg

-3_ nufgL cfjZos cg'dfg

-ª_ -3—u_ art÷Go'g

cGo ;|f]tjf6 k"lt{ -lghL tyf u};; If]qsf] ;|f]t

cg'dfg tflnsfjf6_

32

%=^=* cfjZos hgzlQmsf] cf+sng

cfly{s ;|f]tsf] cltl/Qm of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu cfjZos hgzlQmsf] Aofa:yfkg klg

dxTjk"0f{ kIf xf] . of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu s] slt / s'g k|sf/sf] hgzlQm cfjZos kb{5

To;sf] of]hgf sfof{Gjog k"j{ cf+sng u/L Aofa:yfkg ug'{ kb{5 . cfjZos hgzlQmsf] k|If]k0f

ug{ tflnsf !# sf] k|of]u ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

tflnsf !#M hgzlQmsf] cf+sng

qmd

;+Vof

of]hgf

cawLsf]

nflu

cfaZos b

;+Vof

xfnsf]

l:js[t

b/aGbL

of]hgf

cawLsf]

nflu

gk'u

b/aGbL

l:js[t b/aGbLdf xfn sfo{/t sd{rf/L gk'u sd{rf/L k'tL{ ug]{ ;|f]t

;+3Lo

;/sf/af6

k|b]z

;/sf/jf6

cf+kmg}

>f]tjf6

cGo

lasf;

;fem]bf/

;+:yfjf6

hDdf

sfo{/t

sd{rf/L

;+3Lo

;/sf/

af6

k|b]z

;.sf/

jf6

cf+kmg}

>f]tjf6

cGo

lasf;

;fem]bf/

;+:yfjf6

!

@

#

$

%

^

&

hDdf

gk'u ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg ug{]M gk'u ;|f]tsf] k"lt{sf nflu of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ nfUg] ;|f]t;fwg -

ljQLo tyf hgzlQm_ sf] k"gM ;ldIff ug'{kb{5 . gk'u ;|f]t;fwg k"lt{sf] /0fgLlt to ug{'kb{5 .

yk >f]t k|fKt ePkl5 sfof{Gjog ug{] u/L sfo{qmd jf cfof]hgfx?sf] jlu{s/0f ug{'kb{5 .

ah]6 tof/ug{]M ;|f]t;fwgsf] cfjZostfx¿ lgwf{/0f u/]kl5 k|To]s sfo{qmdsf nflu s] slt

k"FhLut tyf rfn" vr{nfUg] xf] ;f]sf] Plsg ug'{kb{5{ . k|To]s jif{ cfjZos kg]{] ah]6 cg'dfg u/L

ah]6 lzif{sx¿ cg';f/ /sd afF8kmfF6 ug'{kb{5 .

%=& of]hgf sfof{Gjog of]hgf (Plan Implementation Plan)

of]hgf sfof{Gjog of]hgfdf cfjlws of]hgfsf] p2]Zo k|fKt ug{sf nflu cfjZos sfof{Gjog

ljlw, sfof{Gjog sfo{tflnsf, / lhDd]jf/L tflnsf ;d]l6Psf] x'G5 . To:tf] sfof{Gjog of]hgf

cfjlws of]hgfdf pNn]v ePsf sfo{qmd / s[ofsnfkx?sf nflu qmda4 ?kdf cfjlws

ljsf; of]hgfjlwsf nflu agfpg'k5{ .

%=&=! sfof{Gjog ljlw lgwf{/0f (Implementation mode)

of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/ ;[hgf ug{'kg]{ tyf ;/f]sf/jnfaLr ;dGjo /

;fem]bf/L ug{'kg]{ ePsfn] :yfgLotxn] cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfdf pNn]lvt of]hgfsf] ef}lts

33

lgdf{0f ;DaGwL sfof{Gjogsf] ljlw tof/ u/L sfof{Gjogdf n}hfg'k5{ . o;/L sfof{Gjog ljlw

lgwf{/0f ubf{

7]Ssf k§f,

pkef]Qmf ;ldlt,

s/f/df,

;+o'Qm Joj:yfkg jf ;fem]bf/L, /

u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf dfkm{t

s;/L ug]{ xf] ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]gsf] kl/lw leq /lx of]hgf jf sfo{qmd ;~rfng x'g' k"j{

gLltut ;s]t ug{'kb{5 .

%=&=@ of]hgf sfof{Gjog tflnsf (Project Implementation Schedule)

of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfon] s'g sfd slxn] z'? ug]{, slxn] ;DkGg ug]{ ;do ls6fg

ul/Psf] sfo{tflnsf jgfO sfof{Gjog Aoj:yf ug{' kb{5 . of]hgf sfof{Gjog ubf{ ;Da4 lgsfo

/ JolQmnfO{ tf]lsPsf sfo{ lhDd]jf/L / s[ofsnfk k|lt lhDd]jf/ agfpg pknAwL kl/0ffd ;"rs

;lxt sfo{;Dkfbg s/f/ ug]{ k|0ffnL ckgfpg'kb{5 .

of]hgfsf] qmda4 sfof{Gjogsf] nflu sof{Gjog sfo{of]hgf tof/ ug'{kb5{ . sfo{of]hgfdf

cfof]hgfsf] gfd, cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog lalw,cfof]hgfsf d'Vo d"Vo kl/0ffd tyf ;"rsx?,

sfof{Gjogsf] nflu rflxg] ;|f]t, lhDa]jf/ AoflQm, sfo{k|f/De ug]{ ldlt, sfo{;DkGGf x'g] ldlt /

k|utL k|lta]bg a'emfpg] ;do k|i6x'g]u/L pNn]v ug'kb{5. of]hgf sfof{Gjog of]hgf agfp+bf

tflnsf !$ sf] k|of]u ug'{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

tflnsf !$M of]hgf sfof{Gjog sfo{of]hgf

qmd

;+

cfof]hgfsf]

gfd

cfof]hgf

sfof{Gjog

lalw

cfof]hgfsf

d'Vo d"Vo

kl/0ffd

;"rsx?

sfof{Gjogsf] nflu rflxg]

;|f]t

lhDa]jf/

AoflQm

sfo{k|f/De

ug]{ ldlt

sfo{;

DkGGf

x'g]

ldlt

k|utL

k|lta]bg

a'emfpg]

;do

Afh]6

?

hgzlQm Ef}flts

;fdfu|L

@

#

$

%

^

gf]6M of] of]hgf sfof{Gjog sfo{of]hgf ;a} If]qsf] nflu h:t} cfly{s If]q, ;fdflhs If]q, k'af{wf/ If]q, jftfa/0f tyf lakb

Aofa:yfkg If]q, ;:yfut lasf; tyf ;]jf k|afx If]q, lalQo Aofa:yfkg / z';f;g If]qsf] nflu 5'66f 5'66} agfpg' pko'Qm

x'G5.

34

%=* of]hgf cg'udg tyf d"NofÍ+sg of]hgf

%=*=! cg'udg of]hgf

:yfgLotxsf ;fa{hflgs gLlt, sfo{qmd / cfof]hgfsf] k|efasf/L / glthfd;lv sfof{Gjog /

oLlgx?sf]] plrt ;+~rfng tyf Aofa:Yfkg ug{ / ;Dkfbg ePsf jf x'+b} u/]sf sfo{x?df

hafkmb]lxtf Plsg ug{sf nflu cg'udg / d"NofÍg h:tf sfo{x? cfa:os kb{5g\ = of]hgf

th'{df r/0fdf cg'udg tyf d"Nof+Íg of]hgfsf] th'{df klg Ps dxTjk'0f{ sfo{ xf] .

cg'udgn] laleGg k|:gsf] pQ/ vf]hL lasf; sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf] glthf vf]Hg] / sfof{Gjog

ug]{ :yfgLtx / kbflws/Lx?sf] hafkmb]lxtf a[l4 ug{ d2t ub{5 . h:t}M cfof]hgfn] slQsf]

/fd|f] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 < cfof]hgfn] of]hgf cg';f/sf sfo{qmd / s[ofsnfa sfo{Gjog ul//x]sf]

5 ls 5}g< cfof]hgfn] cf+kmgf sfo{qmdx? k'a{ lgwf{l/t ;do tflnsf cg';f/ sfof{Gjog

ul//x]sf] 5 ls 5}g< cfo]fhgfn] sfoqmd sfof{Gjog ubf{ k'a{ lgwf{l/t dfkb08 / u'0f:t/

cg';f/ u/]sf] 5 ls 5}g < cfof]hgsf] sfof{Gjog vr{ cg'dfg u/]eGbf al9 jf 3l6 s] 5<

cfof]hgfsf s[ofsnfax? sfof{Gjogsf ;an / b'a{n kIf s] s] x'g< cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog ubf{

s] s:tf ;d:of b]lvP<;d:of ;dwfgsf oko'Qm pkfo s] s] x'g< t;y{ cg'udgn] sfo{qmd

jf cfof]hgf sfo{Gjogsf ;an / b'a{n kIf kQf nufO b'a{n kIf Go'lgs/0f ug{, k|ultsf]

;ldIff u/L sfo{qmd jf cfof]hgf sfo{Gjogdf cfa:os ;dfof]hg ug{ / sfo{qmd jf cfof]hgf

;DaGwL cfa:os ;"rgf ;+sng u/L k|df0fdf cfwfl/t lg0f{o ug]{ k¢ltsf] ;'b[l9s/0f ug{ d2t

ub{5 = dfly pNn]lvt sf/0fx?n] ubf{ of]hgf sfof{Gjog of]hgf ;+u} cg'udg tyf d|Nof+Íg

of]hgf tof/u/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ Jofa:yf ug'{kb{5 .

cg'udgsf nflu of]hgfsf cflwsfl/s b:tfa]hx? h:t} of]hgf sfof{Gjog of]hgf, cfof]hgf

ljj/0f tflnsf, lhDd]jf/L tflnsf, cfof]hgfsf] glthfvfsf cflb b:tfa]hx?sf] cWoog

ug'{kb{5 .

%=*=@ cg'udg k|0ffnLsf] 5gf}6 tyf lgwf{/0f

cg'udg k|0ffnL glthfvfsf (Result Framewrok) sf] cfwf/df :yflkt ug{' pko'Qm x'G5 .

:yfgLotxn] cfˆgf] ljlzi6tf / k|fljlws Ifdtfsf cfwf/df o:tf] ljlw ckgfpg ;S5g . o:tf]

ljlwsf nflu k|b]z gLlt tyf of]hgf cfof]uaf6 k|a{l4t lbuf] lasf; nIosf lj:t[t ;"rsx?nfO

kl/k'/s tyf ;dk'/s ug]{u/L :yfgLo txn] cf+kmgf sfo{qmdsf ;'rsx? lgwf{/0f ug'{ pko'Qm

x'G5=.

:yfgLotxn] cfˆgf] cfjZostf / pknAw tYofÍsf] kl/df0ffTds l:yltsf cfwf/df df}lns

?kdf cg'udg k|0ffnL canDag ug{;Sg] ePsf]n] b]xfo adf]lhd ug{' pko'Qm x'G5.;fy} :yfgLo

txsf] tYofÍ Joj:yfkg / k|of]usf nflu k|b]z tyf /fli6«o k|0ffnL;Fu cfa4 x'g]

vfnsf](Monitoring Information System)cg'udg ;"rgf k|0ffln lasf; ug'kb{5 .:yfgLo ;/sf/

;~rfng P]g adf]lhd u}/;/sf/L ;‹;+:yf, pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, ;xsf/L;+:yf nufotsf ;fdflhs

35

tyf ;fd'bflos ;‹;+:yfn] :yfgLotx;Fusf] ;dGjodf /xL sfo{ug{'k{g] / :yfgLotxn] tf]s]sf]

;+o'Qm cg'udg tyf k|ult k|0ffnL ckgfpg' kg]{ ePsf]n] ;f] ;DaGwL tYofÍ ;d]t ;Íng /

ljZn]if0f ug{'k5{ .

%=*=# cg'udg tx

cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfsf] cg'udg nIf, p2]Zo / sfo{qmd txdf ul/g] k4lt tflnsf !%df

pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

tflnsf !%M cg'udg tflnsf

s'n txdf

cg'udg

ug<]]{

s] cg'udg ug]{< slxn] / s;n]

cg'udg ug]{<

s'g txsf ;"rs

/fVg<]

dfkg ug]{ cfwf/ s] x'g]<

nIo sfo{kflnsf åf/f

lgo'Qm :jtGq

;+:yf jf lj1

k|efjtxsf] ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLotxsf

jflif{s cg'udg tyf

d"NofÍg k|ltj]bgx?

p2]Zo k|efj sfo{kflnsf åf/f

cfjlws

of]hgfsf]

dWodsfndf

c;/txsf]

dflg;sf]

;f]rdf

cfPsf]

k/Ljt{g

:ynut cg'udg

jflif{s k|ult

k|ltj]bgx?

sfo{qmd b]lvg] c;/

ljBfno egf{df

j[l4

c:ktfndf

hrfpg cfpg]

lj/fdLsf] j[l4

pTkfbsTjdf

kl/jt{g

;8s k+x'rdf a[l4

ufFp/

gu/sfo{kflnsf

åf/f ul7t

cg'udg tyf

;'kl/j]If0f

;ldlt.

jflif{s

kl/0ffd txsf

k|ltzt

j[l4

;xeflutfd"ns

glthfd'ns

cg'udg vfsf

cg';f/

gd"gf ;j]{If0f ug]{

cfof]hgf kl/0ffdx?

lslNgs ;~rfng

sIff ;~rfng

pTkfbg

;8s la:tf/

ejg lgdf{0f

ufFp /

gu/sfo{kflnsf

åf/f ul7t

cg'udg tyf

;'kl/j]If0f ;ldlt

.

zfvf sfo{nox?

/ k|d'v sfo{sf/L

clws[t

rf}dfl;s,

jflif{s

kl/0ffdtxsf]

;+VofTds a[l4

glthfd'ns

cg'udg vfsf

cg';f/

:ynut cg'udg

;fj{hlgs k/LIf0f

;fdflhs k/LIf0f

;fj{hlgs ;'g'jfO

u'gf;f]] ;+sng

36

%=*=$ glthfvfsfsf] lgdf{0f -o;nfO{ cg'udg tyf d"Nof+Íg of]hgf klg eGg ;lsG5_

ljsf; of]hgf k|lqmofnfO{ glthfd'vL agfpg / of]hgf, sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfx?jLr ;"rssf

dfWodaf6 sl;nf] ;DaGw :yfkgf ug{, aflif{s of]hgfdfkm{t cfalws of]hgfdf ck]lIft glthf

x+fl;n ug{sf]nflu oyf]lrt ;fwg ;|f]tsf] lalgof]hg ug{, / cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg k4tLnfO{

glthfd"ns u/fpg ljifo If]qut glthf vfsf agfO{ sfof{Gjogdf n}hfg' pko'Qm x'G5 .

glthfvfsf agfp+bf lgDgs'/fdf Wofg lbg' pko'Qm x'G5 .

-s_ glthfvfsfdf tLg txsf glthf -k|efj, c;/ / k|ltkmn tx_ kl/eflift u/L ltgLx?sf]

cGt/;DaGw Plsg ug'{kb{5 . ;fy} :yfgLotx cGtu{t ;+rflnt ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf

cfof]hgfx?af6 ljifo If]qut k|ltkmn xfl;n ug{ k'/\ofpg] of]ubfg >+[vnf Plsg ug'{

pko'Qm x'G5 .

-v_ cfof]hgfsf] k|efj, c;/ / k|ltkmnsf] dfkgsf nflu ljifo If]qut glthf ;"rsx?nfO{

Aofjxfl/s agfOg' kb{5 . o:ff]ubf{ k|b]z gLlt tyf of]hgf cfof]un] tof/ u/]sf] cg'udg

tyf d"Nof+sg lbUbz{gdf ;dflji6 lbuf] las; nIosf ;"rsx?nfO{ d"n cfwf/sf ?kdf

lng'kb{5 .

-u_ oL ;"rsx?sf] cfalws cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sgnfO{ ;lhnf] agfpg ;+ej eP;Dd x/]s

;"rsx?sf] cfwf/ aif{ @)&%÷&^ sf] l:yltto ug]{ / cfalws of]hgf calwe/sf nflu

aflif{s nIo / tYof+Í pknAw u/fpg], k'i6\ofO{+sf] ;|f]t / lhDd]jf/ lgsfo k|i6 ug'{kb{5 .

-3_ ljifo If]qut ?kdf /flvPsf k|ltkmn, c;/ / k|efa ;"rsx? x+fl;n ug{sf nflu cfjZos

kg]{ Go"gtd afXo jftfj/0fLo kIf tyf ;+efljt hf]lvd cg'dfg ug'kb{5 .

-ª_ glthf vfsfsf]] lgdf{0f tn lbPsf] gd'gf cg';f/sf] kmf/ddfe/L sfof{Gjog ug{ pko'Qm

x'G5.

glthf vfsfsf] k|of]u of]hgf k|lqmofsf ljleGg r/0fx?df b]xfo jdf]lhd ug{ pko'Qm x'G5.

-s_ jflif{s ljsf; sfo{qmd tyf jh]6nfO{ glthfd"ns agfpg o;sf] k|of]u ug{'kb{5 . aflif{s

ljsf; sfo{qmd tof/ ubf{ ;Da4 ljifo If]qut v08df o; glthf vfsfsf ;"rsx? d"ntM

c;/ / k|efj txsf ;"rsx? ;dfj]; ug'{kb{5 . o;n] s'g} vf; cfly{s aif{df ;Da4

ljifout If]qdf xfl;n ug]{ glthfnfO{ k|i6kfb{5 .

-v_ dWosflng vr{ ;+/rgfnfO{ glthfd'vL agfpg klg o; vfsfdf /x]sf ;"rsx?sf] k|of]u

ug'{kb{5 . ;fy} o; vr{ ;+/rgfsf] k|d'v c+usf ?kdf lnOg] dWodsfnLg sfo{;Dkfbg

vfsf -Medium-term performance framework_ agfpg o;n] k|d'v cfwf/sf ?kdf sfd

ub{5 .

-u_ j}b]lzs ;xof]u lng'kbf{ ;Da4 ljsf;sf ;fem]bf/x? s'g} vf; cfof]hgf jf sfo{qmdn]

s;/L ljifo If]qut / :yfgLo :t/sf nIox? xfl;n ug{ ;xof]u u5{ egL hfGg pT;'s

x'G5g\ . o:tf] l:yltdf pgLx?sf] ;xof]u /xg] cd's cfof]hgfn] ;Da4 ljifout If]qsf]

k|ltkmn, c;/ x'Fb} k|efj xfl;n ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ af6f] k|i6 ug{ o;n] d2t k'/\ofpF5 .

37

-3_ cfalws of]hgfsf] ljifo If]qut k|fjwfgx?sf] ;dLIff u/L aflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{

o;sf] dxTj /xG5 . o; cy{df o;n] cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg of]hgfs} ?kdf sfd ub{5

-tflnsf !^_ .

tflnsf !^M glthfvfsf agfpg] gd'gf kmf/d

If]qM

glthf ;"rsx? cfwf/ tYof+Í

@)&%÷&^

nIo k'i6\ofO{sf

;|f]t

lhDd]jf/

lgsfo

lhDd]jf/

AoflQm

hf]lvd

tyf

cg'dfg )&^÷&& )&&÷&* )&*÷&(

)&(÷*) )*)÷*!

k|efj:

c;/ !:

k|ltkmn !=!:

k|ltkmn !=@ :

k|ltkmn !=# :

c;/ @:

k|ltkmn @=!:

k|ltkmn @=@ :

k|ltkmn @=# :

c;/ #:

k|ltkmn #=!:

k|ltkmn #=@:

k|ltkmn #=#:

c;/ $:

k|ltkmn $=!:

k|ltkmn $=@:

k|ltkmn $=#:

nufgLM k|d'v sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfx?

qmd;+ sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgf lalgof]lht

ah]6

sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfn] lbg]

k|ltkmn g+₊

₊gf]6M o; v08df s'g sfo{qmd jf cfof]hgfn] s'g k|ltkmn k|fKt ug{ d4t ub{5 pNn]v ug]{ . glthfvfsf ;a} If]qsf] nflu

h:t} cfly{s If]q, ;fdflhs If]q, k'af{wf/ If]q, jftfa/0f tyf lakb Aofa:yfkg If]q, ;:yfut lasf; tyf ;]jf k|afx If]q, lalQo

Aofa:yfkg / z';f;g If]qsf] nflu 5'66f 5'66} agfpg' pko'Qm x'G5 .

%=*=% cg'udg Pa+ k|utL k|ltj]bg k|0ffnL

;DkGg sfdsf] kl/df0f / n]vfhf]vf tyf ljZn]if0f / ;'emfj ;d]tsf] lnlka4 b:tfa]h g}

k|ltj]bg xf] . k|ltj]bg afWosf/L jf cf}krfl/s b'a} x'G5g . cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf / jflif{s

of]hgfsf] ;Gbe{df :yfgLotxn] cf+km'eGbf pkNnf] lgsfo / cfcfˆgf ;efx?df ;d]t afWosf/L

38

?kdf ljleGg k|ltj]bg ug{'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . cg'udgsf qmddf lgoldt, Jojl:yt /

;doa4¿kdf tYofÍ ljj/0fx¿ ;Íng, / k|zf]wg u/L k|ltj]bg ug]{ sfo{ ul/G5 . k|utL

k|lta]bg k|0ffln tflnsf !& cg';f/ ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

tflnsf !&M k|ltj]bg tflnsf

cg'udg k|ltj]bg k|la]bg ug]{ ;do ;do

cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg of]hgf cg';f/ pkfWoIf jf pkk|d'vn]

a}7sdf k]z ug]{ dfl;s, rf}dfl;s,

jflif{s lh;;sf] ;dGjo / cg'udg ug]{ e'ldsf sfo{kflnsf jflif{s u}/;/sf/L ;ª\3;+:yf, pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, ;xsf/L

;+:yf nufotsf ;fdflhs tyf ;fd'bflos ;ª\3

;+:yfsf ;+o'Qm cg'udg tyf k|ltj]bg .

cg'udg tyf ;'kl/a]If0f

;ldlt / zfvf sfo{nox? dfl;s, rf}dfl;s,

jflif{s

;+3Lo ;/sf/nfO{ ug{'kg]{ k|ltj]bg -hGd, d[To',

ljjfx, a;fO;/fO, ;DaGw ljR5]b / wd{k'q /

wd{k'qL 36gf / ;fdflhs ;'/Iff cflb .

zfvf sfo{nox? / k|d'v

sfo{sf/L, k|zf;sLo clws[t jflif{s

%=*=^ d"NofÍg

:yfgLotxn] sfof{Gjog u/]sf gLlt, of]hgf, sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgfx¿ xfnsf] ;dodf s]–slt

;fGble{s, nfebfoL tyf k|efjsf/L 5g\< ltlgx?n] nfeu|fxLsf dfu s'g xb;Dd ;Daf]wg u/]sf

5g< sfof{Gjogdf ;dfa]l;tf / n}lËs ;dtf 5 ls 5}g< ltlgx?sf] sfo{bIftf s:tf] 5<

ltlgx?jf6 s]–s:tf pknlJw, c;/ tyf k|efjx¿ xfl;n ePsf 5g< ltlgx?jf6 k|fKt k|ltkmn

tyf glthfx?sf] lbuf]kgf s:tf] 5< eGg] ;DjGwdf :yfgLotx cf+km}n] jf :jtGq t];|f]kIfsf

d"NofÍgstf{af6 p2]Zok'0f{ / Jojl:yt tl/sfn] pko'Qm lawL ckgfO{ n]vfhf]vf ug]{ sfo{

d"NofÍg xf] =

d"Nof+Ígn] sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf lqmofsnfax? nfeu|flxsf cfjZostf ;Daf]wg ug{ slQsf]

;fGb{les 5g< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfn] ;+~rfng u/]sf lqmofsnfx? /fli6«o, k|flGto tyf :yfgLo

k|fyldstf leq k5{g ls kb}{gg< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf lqmofsnf afx]s ;+3Lo, k|fb]l;s /

:yflgo gLlt / of]hgf;+u d]n vfG5g ls vfb}gg< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog ubf{

;dfa]l;tf, n}lËs ;dtf / nfeu|flxsf] ;+nUgtf s:tf] 5< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfdf pknAw ef}lts,

cfly{s / dfglao >f]tx?sf] pkof]u k|efasfl/ ?kdf eP ls ePgg< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfn]

;+~rfng u/]sf lqmofsnfax?k|efasf/L 5g ls 5}gg / obL k|efasf/L geo lsg k|efasf/L

gePsf xf]nfg< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfn] nIo cg'?k glthf lbPsf] 5 ls 5}g< nIo cg'?k k|utL

gePsf] eP s] sf/0fn] k|utL gePsf] xf]nf< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfdf nfe nfut cg'kft s:tf] 5<

sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf] cfly{s tyf lalQo cfGtl/s k|ltkmn b/ s:tf] 5< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfdf

>f]t ljlgof]hg / >f]t pkof]u ;Ifdtf s:tf] 5< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfn] nfeu|fxLx?df s] s:tf

c;/ / k|efa 5f]8]< c;/ / k|efax? ;sf/fTds dfq 5g ls gsf/fTds klg 5g< OlR5t /

cgO{lR5t glthfx? s] s] x'g< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf lqmofsnfax?n] :yfgLo hgtfsf]

lhag:t/df ;'wf/ NofP ls NofPgg< ;du|df sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf pw]:o s'g xb ;Dd k'/f

39

eP< pknlAw xfl;n ug{ s] s:tf Aofawfgx? b]lvP< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf sfo{Gjogn]

Aofa:yfkgdf ;'wf/ / ;+:yut ;'l¢l9s/0f ug{ s] s:tf of]ubfg lbP< sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf

;+~rfng ubf{sf l;sfO{x< s] s] x'g / ltgLx?cGo 7fp+sfnflu cg's/l0fo 5g ls

5}gg<sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf glthfx?sf] lbu]fkgf s:tf 5g cflb k|:gsf] pQ/ lbG5 /

:yfgLotx / ltgsf kbflwsf/LnfO{ k[i7kf]if0f u/L sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgfsf] h; ckh; axg ug{

pTk]|l/t ub{5 . o; sfo{n] :ygLotxdf c;n zf;g cEof; ug{ ;d]t d2t ug]{ x'gfn]

:yfgLotxdf d"NofÍg sfo{ cfa:os kb{5 .

d"NofÍg sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf 5gf}6 r/0fb]lv ;~rfng r/0fkl5sf rf/ cj:yfdf ul/G5

.sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf 5gf]6 ug'{k'a{ ;du| l:yltsf] d"NofÍg ul/G5 / o;nfO k"a{d"NofÍg (Ex-ante)

elgG5 . sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf rfn' /x]sf] ca:yfdf o;n] cfzfltt pknlAw xf+l;n ug]{ lb;f

pGd'v 5 ls 5}g eGg]af/] yfxfkfpg / sfof{Gjog r/0fsf l;sfO{ clen]v u/L ;'wf/ ug{

sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf rfn' ca:yfdf klg d"Nof+Íg ul/G5 / o;nfO{ rfn'(On-going) d"NofÍg

elgG5 . sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] clGtd r/0fdf cyjf ;DkGg ePsf] nuQ} s] s:tf

glthfx? Kf|fKt eP, l;sfO{x? s] /x]< c;/ / k|efa s] eP h:tf laifo yfxf kfpg clGtd jf

;DkGg (Terminal)d"NofÍg ul/G5 . sfo{qmd÷cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePsf] s]lxaif{ kl5 k|efa /

glthfsf] lbuf]kgf cWoog ug{ d"NofÍg ul/G5 / To;nfO{ sfo{qmd kl5sf] (Ex-post) d"NofÍg

elGfG5 .

:yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g, @)&$ df d"NofÍg ;DaGwL Joj:yf cg'?k cfGtl/s lgoGq0f

k|0ffnL tof/ ubf{ sfdsf] k|s[lt cg'¿k hf]lvdIf]qsf] klxrfg, lgoGq0fsf] jftfj/0f, ;"rgfsf]

cfbfg k|bfg, cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg h:tf ljifonfO{ ;d]t ;d]6\g' kg]{ / ufpFkflnsf tyf

gu/kflnsfn] :yfgLo:t/sf ljsf; cfof]hgfsf] cfjZos cWoog, cg';Gwfg tyf k|efj

d"NofÍgsf] sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf 5 .

cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf cfkm'd} Ps a[xt sfo{qmd ;d]t xf] . o:tf] of]hgfsf] :jd"NofÍg :yfgLo

;/sf/ ;+rfng P]gsf] bkmf ($ cg';f/ ufpFkflnsf tyf gu/kflnsfn] ug{'k5{ . dWodsflng

cjlwdf o:tf] d"NofÍg ubf{ cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfsf nIo / p2]Zo xfFl;n ug{ pGd'v /x],

g/x]sf], nufgL of]hgf cg'?k jflif{s nufgLx? lgb]l{\zt /x], g/x]sf], /pknAwLsf nflu nIf

nufot sfo{qmdx?sf] kl/dfh{g ;DaGwL cfjZostf /x], g/x]sf] k|Zgsf] hjfkm k|fKt x'g]u/L

ul/g'k5{ .;fy} of]hgfjlwsf] cGTodf lgwf{/Lt ;+VofTds tyf u'0ffTds nIf k|flKtsf] d"NofÍg

clGtd ?kdf t]>f]kIfaf6 ug{' u/fpg'k5{ .

%=( of]hgfsf] l:js[tL / sfof{Gjog

ljifout ;ldltn] tof/ u/]sf If]qut of]hgfsf] ljZn]if0f / th{'df sfo{zfnfdf ePsf ;xdlt

/ lg0f{ox?sf cfwf/df cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf b:tfj]hsf] gd'gfdf lnlka4 ug{ Ps sfo{ 6f]nL

u7g ug{'k5{ . o:tf] sfo{6f]nLn] of]hgf th{'df ;DaGwdf ePsf ;xdlt / lg0f{ox?sf k|fljlws

kIfx? ;d]t ljrf/ u/L dfGo gd'gfdf n]vg sfo{ ;DkGg ug{'k5{ . sfo{ 6f]nLdf lGfDg cg';f/sf

;b:ox? x'G5g.

40

pkk|d'v÷pkfWoIf ;+of]hs

k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ;b:o

sfo{kflnsfn] tf]s]sf b'O hgf zfvf sfo{no k|d'v ;b:o

cfaZostf cg';f/sf laifola1x? ;b:o

cfalws ljsf; of]hgf th'{dfsf] nflu tflnsf !* cg';f/sf] ;do lgwf{/0f ug{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

tflnsf !*M cfjlws of]hgf lgdf{0f ug]{ ;do

cfjlws of]hgf th'{df ultljlw ;+nUgtf ;dofalw

!= cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf th'{df tof/L

a}7s

sfo{kflnsf k|d'v / k|d'v

sfo{sf/L÷k|zf;sLo clws[t

@= l:yltkq tof/Lsf nflu tYof+s / ;"rgf

;+sng ljifo If]qut ;ldltsf ;b:o, zfvf k|d'v /

:yfgLo ;fem]bf/

$) lbg #= l:yltkqsf] n]vg zfvf k|d'v / lj1 @) lbg

$= ljifo If]qut ;ldlt lgdf{0f sfo{kflnsf

%= of]hgf th'{df sfo{zfnf cfof]hgf pNn]lvt ;xefuL % lbg

^= Plss[t cfjlws of]hgf th'{df ;DalGwt ;b:ox? % lbg

&= of]hgfsf] b:tfa]h n]vg zfvf k|d'v / la1 !% lbg

*= :jLs[lt / k|sfzg sfo{kflnsf

cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf tof/ eO;s]kl5 :yfgLo ;/sf/n] ljwflosL k|s[of k"/f u/L ufp+∕gu/ ;efaf6 :jLs[t u/fpg'k5{ . :jLs[t cfjlws ljsf; of]hgf b:tfj]h ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hfgsf/Lsf

nflu 5kfO{u/L k|sfzg ug{'k5{ .

^= :yfgLo txdf aflif{s of]hgf th'{df

^=! :yfgLo txsf] jflif{s of]hgf th{'df

k|To]s :yfgLotxn] cfjlws ljsf; of]hgfnfO{ qmlds sfof{Gjog ug{ ;xeflutfd"ns k4ltdf

jflif{s of]hgf th{'df ug{'kb{5 . :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g, @)&$ cg'?k jflif{s of]hgf

th{'df g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z gLlt tyf of]hgf cfof]u / ljifout ;+3Lo tyf k|b]z

dGqfnox?af6 pknJw lbUbz{gx?sf] cfwf/df ug{'kb{5 .

^=@ ;"rgf tyf tYofÍ -l:yltkq, ;|f]t gS;fÍg tyf Joj:yfkg_

:yfgLotxn] cfˆgf] If]qsf] ljsf;sf nflu >f]t ;fwgsf] pknAwtf tyf ;DefJotf ;DaGwL

v08Ls[t tYofÍ ;+sng u/L ;"rgf ;lxtsf] l:yltkq tof/ kf/L cBfjlws ub}{ hfg'kb{5 .

;+slnt ;"rgf / cBfjlws tYofÍs} cfwf/df of]hgf th{'df ug{'kb{5=.

41

^=# :yfgLo txsf] ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th{'dfsf cfwf/x?

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] efu $ df plNnlvt /fHosf] lgb]{zs l;4fGt tyf gLltx?

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f %( sf] cfly{s clwsf/, efu !( sf] cfly{s sfo{ k|0ffnL

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL * adf]lhdsf s/ nufpg kfpg] If]q

:yfgLo ;/sf/ ;+rfng P]g, @)&$

ah]6sf] l;4fGt, p2]Zo / k|fyldstf

cfjlws of]hgf, /0fgLlts of]hgf, ljifo If]qut u'¿of]hgf

/fh:j k/fdz{ ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg

>f]t tyf ah]6 ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ;ldltsf] >f]t / ah]6 cg'dfg

cfo / Joosf] ljj/0f

If]qut ah]6 ljlgof]hg / vr{sf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f

lbuf] ljsf; nIo, kl/df0fTds nIo / ;"rsx?

;d[4 k|b]z / ;'vL k|b]zaf;Lsf] nIo sfof{Gjog ug{

^=$ jflif{s ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th{'df r/0f

aflif{s of]hgf -ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd_ th{'df b]xfosf] r/0f / ;do l;df leq ;DkGg ug{'k5{ .

cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6 ;Ldf ufpFkflnsf gu/kflnsfsfljifout dxfzfvf, zfvf

tyf j8f ;ldltnfO{ pknAw u/fpg] r}q !% leq

ljQLo x:tfGt/0fsf] vfsf / dfu{bz{g k|fKtL

>f]t cg'dfg / s'n ah]6 ;Ldf lgwf{/0f

a:tL÷6f]n :t/af6 of]hgf 5gf}6

j8f:t/Lo of]hgf th{'df / k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f

Plss[t ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th{'df

sfo{kflnsfaf6 :jLs[tL c;f/ !) ut] leq

;efdf k]z c;f/ !% ut]

;efn] ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd l:js[t c;f/ d;fGt leq

^=$=! r/0f !-ljQLo x:tfGt/0fsf] vfsf / dfu{bz{g k|fKtL

;+3Lo ;/sf/ tyf k|b]z ;/sf/af6 cfufdL cf=j=df :yfgLo ;/sf/nfO{ k|fKt x'g] ljQLo

x:tfGt/0fsf] cfwf/e"t vfsf h]7 !% df k|:t't x'g] ;‹Lo ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd kZrft Plsg eO

dfu{bz{g k|fKt x'G5 . k|fs[lts >f]t tyf ljQ cfof]uaf6 :yfgLo txn] k|fKt ug]{ ljQLo

x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL l;kmfl/;x? klg ;|f]t cg'dfg ug{ ;xof]uL x'G5g .c;f/ ! df k|:t't x'g]

42

k|fb]lzs ah]6;Fu} k|b]zaf6 :yfgLo txdf x:tfGt/0f eO{ cfpg] /sd klg Plsg x'G5 . ;+3 tyf

k|b]zaf6 ljQLo x:tfGt/0f;Fu} yk zt{ / dfu{bz{gx? k|fKt x'G5g .

^=$=@ r/0f @ -;|f]t cg'dfg / ah]6 ;Ldf tyf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f

o; r/0fdf ufpFkflnsf÷gu/kflnsfsf] cfufdL cf=j=sf] nflu pknAw x'g] cfo tyf >f]t -

/fh:j, ljlQo x:tfGt/0f, cg'bfg_ sf] cg'dfg u/L ah]6 l;df / cfof]hgf k|fyldstf

lgwf{/0fsf cfwf/ tyf of]hgf th{'dfsf] dfubz{g tof/Lsf nflu b]xfosf sfo{ ug'{ pko'Qm x'G5 .

cfGtl/s cfo -s/, z'Ns, b:t'/ / /fh:j afF8kmfF8af6 k|fKt x'g] /sd_ sf] cg'dfg

;+3Lo ;/sf/ tyf k|b]z ;/sf/af6 k|fKt x'g] ljQLo x:tfGt/0f -ljlQo ;dfgLs/0f

;;t{, ljz]if / ;dk'/s cg'bfg_ sf] cg'dfg

s'n >f]tsf] cg'dfg tyf ah]6 ;Ldf lgwf{/0f

cfof]hgf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0fsf cfwf/ / dfu{bz{g tof/L

;|f]t ;fwgsf] cg'dfg, /fhZj ;DaGwL k/fdz{, / lbuf] lasf; nIo sfof{Gjogdf k|fyldstf

lbg'kg]{ If]qx?sf nflu pkfWoIf, pkk|d'vsf] ;+of]hsTjdf /x]sf] :yfgLo /fhZj k/fdz{

;ldltaf6 cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] nflu ;|f]t ;fwgsf] kl/rfng ;Defjgf / s/sf b/x?af/]

k/fdz{ k|fKt x'G5 .To;sf] cfwf/df ufpFkflnsf tyf gu/kflnsfdf cWoIf jf k|d'vsf]

;+of]hsTjdf /x]sf] ;|f]t cg'dfg tyf ah]6 ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] ah]6 ;Ldf k|If]k0f tof/

ub{5 .

:yfgLo txn] cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] nflu cfo Joosf] k|If]k0f ul/Psf] tYofÍ ;lxtsf] b]xfosf

ljj/0f k|To]s jif{sf] k'if d;fGt leq ;+3Lo tyf k|flGto cy{ dGqfno ;dIf k]z ug{'k5{ .

Joosf] cg'dfg

cfˆgf] ;|f]taf6 ;+sng x'g ;Sg] cg'dfg/fh:j

/fh:j afF8kmffF8af6 k|fKt x'g ;Sg] cg'dflgt /sd

cg'bfgaf6 k|fKt x'g ;Sg] cg'dflgt /sd

;|f]t cg'dfg tyf ah]6 ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ;ldltn] cfˆgf] sfo{ k|To]s jif{sf] kmfu'g dlxgfleq

ul/;Sg' k5{ . ;ldltn] ah]6 k|If]k0f ubf{ cfufdL cfly{s jif{kl5sf] yk b'O{ jif{sf] ;d]t ug{'kb{5

. o:tf] cg'dfg ul/+bf /fli6«o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u, k|b]z / ufpFkflnsf tyf

gu/kflnsfaf6 ;Ílnt /fhZj hDdf ug{ k|b]z :t/df/x]sf] sf]ifaf6 k|fKt x'g] ;|f]tsf] ;d]t

cg'dfg ug{'kb{5 .

^=$=# r/0f # -j8f :t/sf] of]hgf th{'df

ufpFkflnsf tyf gu/kflnsf cGtu{tsf j8f cGtu{t /x]sf j:tL÷6f]n e]nfx? dfkm{t

j:tL÷6f]n:t/sf cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmd 5gf}6 ug]{ j:tL tyf 6f]n:t/df cfof]hgf 5gf}6 ubf{

43

;d'bfosf] cfjZostf klxrfg u/L lbuf] lasf; nIo xf+l;n ug]{ cfof]hgf÷sfo{qmd 5gf}6 ug{'

k5{ .

j:tL÷6f]n:t/sf] e]nfdf afnaflnsf, dlxnf, cflbjf;L, hghftL, dw];L, blnt, ckf+u,

;LdfGts[t, lk58fju{ nufot ;a} ;d'bfosf] cy{k"0f{ ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf ug{' kg]{5 .

e]nfdf gful/s ;dfhsf ;+:yfx?, dlxnf÷cfdf ;d'xx?, afnSnjx?, :yfgLo u}/ ;/sf/L

;+:yfx?, ;xsf/L ;+:yfx?, lghL If]qsf ;+:yfx? h:tf :yfgLo ;+3÷;+:yfx?sf] ;lqmo

;xeflutfsf] jftfj/0f ldnfpg' k5{ .

a:tL tyf 6f]n :t/df sfof{qmd af/] 5nkmn ubf{ lbuf] lasf; nIo k|fKtug{ d2t ug]{

lgDgcg';f/sf sfo{qmdaf/] 5nkmn ug'kb{5 .

!=lbuf] ljsf; nIo !M ;a} k|sf/sf ul/aLnfO{ ;a} 7fp‘jf6 cGTo ug]{ .

/f]huf/Lsf] ;[hgf ug]{ .

ul/a / l;dfGts[t ;d'bfosf] cfo a[l4 ug]{ .

:yflgo ljsf;df hg;xeflutf a[l4 ug]{ .

cfly{s c;dfgtfnfO{ Go'gug{ d4t ug]{ sfo{qmd .

@=lbuf] ljsf; nIo @M ef]sd/Lsf] cGTo ug]{, vfB;'/Iff tyf pGgt kf]if0f k|flKt ug]{ / lbuf]

s[lifsf] k|a4{g ug]{ .

% jif{ d'lgsf aRrf tyf ue{jlt dlxnfx?df s'kf]if0f x6fpg d2t ug]{ .

kf]if0fo'Qm vfB a:t"sf] pTkfbg, ka{4g / ljt/0f ug{ d2t ug]{ .

s[lifnfO{ cfw'lglss/0fu/L hldgsf] pTkfbsTj a[l4 ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ .

#=lbuf] ljsf; nIo #M :jf:Yo hLjg ;'lglZrt ug]{ / ;a} pd]/ ;d'xsf ;a} dflg;sf]

sNof0f k|j4{g ug{] .

dft[ d[To', lz;' d[To' / % aif{ d'lgsf jfn d[To'b/ 36fpg ;xof]u ug]{ .

;?jf /f]u lgoGq0f / Jofj:yfkg ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ .

dlxnf / o'jfo'atLsf] k|hgg :jf:Yo Jofal:yt / ;d[4 jgfpg d2t ug]{ .

$=lbuf] ljsf; nIo $M ;a}sf nflu ;dfj]zL tyf u'0f:t/Lo lzIff ;'lglZrt ug]{ tyf cfhLjg

l;sfOsfcj;/x?nfO{ k|j4{g ug{] .

cfwf/e't txdf v'b egf{ b/ !)) k|lt;t k'ofpg ;xof]u ug]{ .

sIff ! df egf{ eO{ sIff !@ k'Ug] jfnjflnsfsf] cg'kft a9fpg ;xof]u ug]{ .

lzIffsf] u'0f:t/ a[l4 u/L ljBfyL{sf] l;sfO b/ j9fpg d2t ug]{ .

;fwf/0f lzIffnfO k|flalws lzIffdf ?kfGt/0f ug]{ sfo{qmd .

44

%=lbuf] ljsf; nIo %M n}lËs ;dfgtf x‘fl;n ug]{ / ;a} dlxnf tyf lszf]/Lx¿sf] ;zQmLs/0f

ug]{ .

r]lnj]6L j]rlavg, j;f/k;f/ / dlxnf tyf lszf]/Lla?4 x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf lx+;f cGTo

ug{ d2t ug]{ .

/fhgLlts, cfly{s tyf ;fj{hflgs hLjgsf ;a} lg0f{o txdf g]t[Tjsf nflu

dlxnfx?sf] k|efjsf/L ;xeflutf tyf cj;/ ;'lglZrt ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ .

n}+lËs ;dfgtf / dlxnf tyf lszf]/Lx?sf] ;zlQms/0f k|j4{g ug{ d2t ug]{ .

^= lbuf] ljsf; nIo ^M ;a}sf nflu vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfOdf kx '‘r ;'lglZrt ug]{ .

;a} gful/snfO{ ;'/lIft tyf vr{n] wfGg ;Sg] d'Nodf ;'/lIft lkpg] kfgLsf] k+x'‘r

;'lglZrt ug{ d2t ug]{ .

v'Nnf lbzfd'Qm If]q 3f]if0fu/L To;sf] lbuf]kgf sfod ug{ d2t ug]{ .

vfg]kfgLsf] k+x‘'r j[l4 ug{ / ;/;kmfO{sf] Jofj:yfkg ug{ :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] ;xeflutf

j[l4 ug{ d2t ug]{ .

&= lbuf] ljsf; nIo &M ;a}sf nflu vr{n] wfGg ;Sg], e/kbf]{, lbuf] tyf cfw'lgs pmhf{df

kx'Fr ;'lglZrtug]{ .

vr{n] wfGg ;Sg], e/kbf]{ / cfw'lgs pmhf{df ;a{;fwf/0fsf] k+x'‘r a[l4 ug{ d2t ug]{ .

:yfgLo :t/df vktx'g] s'n phf{df gjLs/0fLo phf{sf] c+; j9fpg d2t ug]{ .

k|efjsf/L phf{ pks/0fsf] k|of]u dfkm{t phf{sf] vkt 36fpg d2t ug]{ .

*= lbuf] ljsf; nIo *M ;a}sf nflu ;dfj]zL tyf lbuf] cfly{s j[l4, /f]huf/L tyf dof{lbt

sfdsf] k|j4{g ug]{ .

:yfgLo :t/df ;j{;fwf/0f gfu/Lssf] k|ltJolQm cfo a[l4 ug{ d2t ug]{ .

cf}Bf]lusLs/0fnfO{ j9fjflbO{ :yfgLo :t/df lbuf] /f]huf/Lsf] ;[hgf ug{ d2t ug]{ .

pBdl;ntf lasf; ug{ ;a{;'nw shf{sf] kx'Fr a[l4 ug{ d2t ug]{ .

(= lbuf] ljsf; nIo (M alnof] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug]{, cf}Bf]lusLs/0fnfO{ lbuf] agfpg] tyf

gjLg vf]hnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ .

:yfgLo :t/df cfly{s ljsf; / dfgj sNof0fnfO{ ;3fp k'¥ofpg] lbuf] tyf jlnof

k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug{ d2t ug]{ .

s'n u||fx:y pTkfbgdf pBf]u If]qsf] c+; a[l4ug{ d2t ug]{ .

;~rf/sf] kx'Fr a[l4u/L :yfgLo pTkfbgnfO{ /fli6«o d'No >[vnfdf cfa4 ug{ d2t ug]{ .

alnof, l6sfp / e'sDk k|lt/f]wL k'af{wf/ lgdf{0f ug{ d2t ug]{ .

45

!)=lbuf] ljsf; nIo !)M b]zleq} / b]zx¿dfem /x]sf] c;dfgtfnfO{ Go"g ug]{ .

ul/j / wgL ljr pkef]u / cfDbfgLsf] km/s Go'lgs/0f ug{ d2t ug]{ .

:yfgLo :t/df /fhgLlts tyf ;fflhs ;dfj]lztf k|aw{g ug{ d2t ug]{ .

:yfgLo :t/df eP u/]sf lje]bk'0f{ ;fdflhs, cfly{s / /fhgLlts k|rng / cEof;

Go'lgs/0f ug{ d2t ug]{ .

!!= lbuf] ljsf; nIo !!M ;x/x?nfO{ ;dfj]zL, ;'/lIft, ;an / lbuf] agfpg] .

;'s'Djf;L, l;dfGts[t tyf nf]kpGd'v hftL, xlnof, d'Qm sd}of cflbsf al:TfnfO{

cfwf/e't ;'ljwf ;lxtsf al:tdf ?kfGt/0f ug{ d2t ug]{ .

e'sDk / af9Lklx/f] lkl8t j:tL / e'sDkdf eTs]sf P}ltxf+l;s Pj+ ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf]

k'g/lgdf{0f ug{ d2t ug]{ .

;'/lIft / lbuf] ;8s tyf a:tL lasf; Pj+ cGo k'jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug{ ;xof]u ug]{ .

!@=lbuf] ljsf; nIo !@M lbuf] pkef]u / pTkfbgsf] 9fFrf ;'lglZrt ug]{ .

k|fs[lts ;|f]tx?sf] lbuf] Jofj:yfkg / k|efjsf/L k|of]u ug{ d2t ug]{ .

s[lif hldgsf] pj{/f zlQm -pTkbsTj_ j9fpg d2t ug]{ .

jl:tdf pTkGg x'g] kmf]xf]/sf] plrt Jofj:yfkg ul/ jftfj/0fsf] ;+/If0f / cfly{s nfe

xf‘l;n ug{ d2t ug]{ .

!#= lbuf] ljsf; nIo !#M hnjfo' kl/jt{g tyf o;sf k|efjx¿ lj?4 n8\g tTsfn sfo{

yfNg] .

hnjfo' kl/jt{g / k|fs[lts k|sf]ksf] h]flvd ;fdgf ug{ / cg's"ng Ifdtf j[l4 ug{

d2t ug]{ .

hnjfo' kl/jT{fg ;DjGwL pkfox?nfO{ :yfgLo cfof]hgfx?df ;dfj]; ug]{ .

:yfgLo :t/df hnjfo' kl/jt{g Go'lgs/0f, cg's"ng tyf k"j{ r]tfjgL lbg] ;+:yfut

Ifdtf j[l4 ug]{ .

!$= lbuf] ljsf; nIo !%M jgsf] lbuf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, d?e"dLs/0flj?4 n8\g], e"IfoLs/0f

/f]s]/ To:tf] k|lqmofnfO{ pN6\ofpg] tyf h}ljs ljljwtfsf] IfltnfO{ /f]Sg] .

:yfgLo :t/df jg ljgf; tyf e'IfoLs/0f lgoGq0f ug{ d2t ug]{ .

jGohGt'sf] cj}w l;sf/, r]f/L lgsfl; / k}7f/Ldf lgoGq0f ug{ d2t ug]{ .

g]kfnsf] jg tyf kof{j/l0fo k|b]zx?df h}ljs ljljwtf j9fpg d2t ug]{ .

!%= lbuf] ljsf; nIo !^M Gofok'0ff{, zflGtk"0f{ / ;dfj]lz ;dfhx?sf] k|j4{g ug]{ .

:yfgLo :t/df z';f;gsf] k|j4{g ug{ / ;j}sfnflu Gofodf ;dfg kx'‘r k|j4{g

ug{ d2t ug]{ .

46

:yfgLo :t/df e|i6rf/ Go'lgs/0f ug{ d2t ug]{ .

hGdbtf{ nufotsf] sfg'gL klxrfg ;j}nfO{ lbg d2t ug]{ .

!^= lbuf] ljsf; nIo !&M lbuf] ljsf;sf nflu ljZjJofkL ;fem]bf/LnfO{ k'ghL{jg lbg] .

:yfgLo txsf] s/ tyf /fh:j kl/rfng / ;+sng Ifdtf ;'b[l9s/0f ug]{ .

;+3Lo, k|flGto / :yfgLo ;/sf/ ljr ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ k|j4{g ug]{ .

:yfgLo ?kdf th'{df ePsf cfof]hgf sfo{Gjog Ifdtf j[l4 ug{] .

j:tL:t/df 5gf}6 ePsf cfof]hgf÷sfo{qmdx?sf] ;"rL tof/ u/L j8f ;ldltdf k]z ug{' kg]{5 .

^=$=$ r/0f $-j8f ;ldltaf6 cfof]hgf÷sfo{qmd k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f

6f]n÷j:tL:t/af6 k|fKt cfof]hgf / sfo{qmdx?nfO{ ljifoIf]q cg';f/ ;d"xs[t ul/G5 . ah]6

l;df, lbuf] ljsf; nIo, dfu{bz{g / k|fyldstfsf If]qnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL j8f ;ldltx?n]

;xefuLtfd"ns of]hgf th{'df k|0ffln cg';f/ a:tL jf 6f]n:t/af6 of]hgf th{'df k|lqmof

cjnDag u/L a:tL tyf 6f]n:t/ of]hgfsf] dfu ;Íng, k|fyldsLs/0f tyf 5gf}6 ug{'k5{ .

k|fyldlss/0f ubf{ lbuf] ljsf; nIo k|fKtug]{ sfo{qmdnfO laif]; Wofg lbg' kb{5 . o;/L 5gf}6

ePsf of]hgfx?sf] k|fyldsLs/0fsf ;fy ufpFkflnsf tyf gu/kflnsfdf k7fpg'k5{ .

^=$=% r/0f % -Plss[t ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th{'df_

j8fx?af6 k|fKt of]hgfx?nfO{ ah]6 ;Ldf, lbuf] lasf; nIo, dfu{bz{g tyf cfof]hgf

k|fyldstf lgwf{/0fsf cfwf/df Plss[t ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th{'df ;ldltn] cfjZos kl/dfh{g

;lxt sfo{kflnsfdf k7fpg'k5{ . o; k|of]hgsf nflu b]xfo cg';f/sf] ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th{'df

;ldlt agfpg'k5{M

s_ pkfWoIf÷pkk|d'v ;+of]hs

v_ ljifout If]q x]g]{ sfo{kflnsfsf ;b:ox? ;b:o

u_ k|d'v k|zf;lso clws[t ;b:o

3_ of]hgf dxfzfvf, ljefu jf zfvf k|d'v ;b:o ;lrj

^=$=^ r/0f ^ -sfo{kflnsfaf6 :jLs[lt_

sfo{kflnsfaf6 :jLs[t ah]6 k|d'v jf cWoIfn] cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] /fhZj / Joo -ah]6_ sf]

cg'dfgsf ?kdf ;efdf k]z ug{'k5{ .jflif{s sfo{qmd tyf ah]6;Fu ;DalGwt b]xfo cg';f/sf]

k|:tfjx? sfo{kflnsfsf] a}7saf6 :jLs[tL ug'{kb{5 .

:yfgLo ;/sf/sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd

cfly{s ljw]os -cfufdL jif{sf] nflu k|:tfljt /fh:j / s/sf b/x?_

ljlgof]hg ljw]os -;l~rt sf]ifaf6 /sd lemSg] / sfo{qmdut tyf lzif{sut vr{

;DaGwL_

47

ah]6 jQmJo -ut cf=j=sf] oyfy{, rfn' cf=j=sf] ;+;f]lwt cg'dfg / cfufdL cf=j=sf]

cg'dflgt cfo Joosf] ljj/0f ;lxt_

jflif{s ljsf; sfo{qmd -If]qut ?kdf lj:t[t sfo{qmdsf] ;"lr tyf ;f]df k|:tfljt /sd_

^=$=& r/0f & -;efaf6 :jLs[lt_

sfo{kflnsfaf6 :jLs[t k|:tfljt ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd ;DaGwL ;j} k|:tfjx? clGtd :jLs[ltsf

nflu ufp+ tyf gu/;efdf b]xfo adf]lhd k]z ug{'k5{ .

cWoIf÷k|d'vn] cWoIftf ug]{ ;efdf pkfWoIf÷pkk|d'v jf sfo{kflnsfn] tf]s]sf]

sfo{kflnsfsf] s'g} ;b:on] c;f/ !% ut] leq ah]6 k|:t't ug{' kg]{5 .

k]z ePsf b:tfj]hx? pk/ sfo{tflnsf agfO{ !% lbgleq 5nkmn ;DkGg ug{'k5{ .

;efsf] ax'dtn] k|To]s b:tfj]hnfO{ kfl/t ug]{ jf ;'emfj ;lxt sfo{kflnsfdf lkmtf{

k7fpg ;S5 .;'emfj ;lxt k|fKt ePsf] ah]6 pk/ sfo{kflnsfn] k'glj{rf/ u/L cfjZos

kl/dfh{g ;lxt jf kl/dfh{g ug{' kg]{ gb]lvPdf sf/0f;lxt ;efdf % lbgleq k'gM k]z

ug{'k5{ .

;efn] c;f/ d;fGt leq ah]6 b:tfj]hx? :jLs[t u/L ;Sg'k5{ .

:jLs[t aflif{s ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf] nflu sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{nodf k7fpg' k5{ .

48

cg';"rL !

cfalws lasf; of]hgfsf] vfsf

!= kl/ro

@= pw]:o

#= cfalws of]hgf th'{dflalw

$= of]hgf th'{dfsf] k'a{tof/L

$=!=! of]hgf th'{df k4ltsf] 5gf}6

$=!=@ laifoIf]qut of]hgf th'{df ;ldlt lgdf{0f

$=!=# laifoIf]qut of]hgf th'{df ;ldltsf sfd, st{Ao / clwsf/ k|i6 ug]{

$=!=$ of]hgf th'{df sfof{zfnf cfof]hgf ug]{

%= :yfgLotxsf ;d:ofx?sf] klxrfg ug]{

^= :yfgLotxsf] nflu kl/rfng tyf pkof]u ug{;lsg] ;DefAo >f]tsf] klxrfg ug]{

&= ;Df:of ;dwfg ug]{ lasNksf] vf]hL tyf n]vfhf]vg ug]{

*= cfalws lasf; of]hgfsf lb3{sflng ;f]r, nIo, pw]:o / sfo{qmd lgwf{/0f ug]{

*=! of]hgf th'{df ug]{ lgb]{zs l;4fGtsf] lgdf{0f ug]{

*=@ glthf >vnf lgwf{/0f ug]{

*=# lb3{sflng ;f]r lgwf{/0f ug]{

*=$ of]hgfsf nIo lgwf{/0f ug]{

*=% of]hgfsf pw]:o lgwf{/0f ug]{

*=^ of]hgfsf laifoIf]qut pw]:o / cfkl; kl/k'/stf Plsg ug{]

*=& of]hgfsf /0fgLlt lgwf{/0f ug]{

*=* of]hgfsf sfo{qmd lgwf{/0f ug]{

*=*=! of]hgfsf sfo{qmdx?sf] ;DefAotf cWoog ug]{

*=*=@ cfof]hgfx?sf] k|fyldlss/0f ug]{

*=*=# cfof]hgfx?sf] ;"rL tof/ ug]{

*=*=$ Plss[t cfalws of]hgfth'{df ;ldltn] If]qut of]hgfx? Plss[t ug]{

*=*=% laifout vfsfsf] tof/L ug]{

*=*=^ cfa:os ;|f]tsf] la:n]if0f / dWosflng vr{ ;+/rgf to ug]{

(= cfof]hgfx?sf] nflu aflif{s tyf cfalws nufgL k|If]k0f ug]{

(=! cfGtl/s tyf afXo ;|f]tsf] la:n]if0f ug]{

(=@ cfa:os hgzQmLsf] la:n]if0f ug]{

(=# gk'u ;|f]t Aofa:yfkg ug]{

!)= of]hgf sfof{Gjog of]hgf th'{df ug]{

!)=! of]hgf sfof{Gjog lalw lgwf{/0f ug]{

!)=@ of]hgf sfof{Gjog tflnsf tof/ ug]{

!)=@=! of]hgf sfof{Gjog tflnsf agfpg]

!)=# of]hgf cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg of]hgf agfpg]

!)=#=! cg'udg k|0fflnsf] 5gf}6 ug]{

!)=#=@ cg'udgsf tx lgwf{/0f ug]{

!)=#=# glthfvfsf] lgdf{0f ug]{

!)=#=$ cg'udg k|utL k|lta]bg k|0ffnL lgwf{/0f ug]{

!)=$ d"NofÍg of]hgf agfpg]

!! of]hgf b:tfa]h n]vg, :jLsl[t, k|sfzg / sfof{Gjog

49

cg';"rL @

cfof]hgfsf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f

If]qM cfly{s lasf; If]q

qm

;+Vof

cfof]hgf

sf] gfd

!=आर्थथक विकास तथा गररबी वनिारणमा प्रत्यक्ष योगदान

k'ofpg]

cfof]hgx?

-!% c+Í_

२.जनता

को आम्दानी र रोजगार a9fpg]

cfof]hg

x?

-!%

c+Í_

#=pTkfbgd'

ns tyf

l56f]

k|ltkmn

k|fKt ug{

;Sg]

cfof]hgfx?

-!% c+Í_

$= Nffut

;xeflutf

h'6g]

cfof]hgf

x?

-!)

c+Í_

५.दीगो विकास,

िातािरणीय संरक्षण तथा सम्बर्द्धन गनध सघाउ पुर्‍याउनेcfof]hgf

x?-!) c+Í_

^.;dfa];L

lasf;df

of]ubfg

k'ofpg]

cfof]hgf

x?

-!)c+Í_

&.स्थानीय स्रोत, साधन र सीपको अवधकतम प्रयोग हुने cfof]hgf

x?

-!)

c+Í_

*.भाविक तथा सााँस्कृवतक पक्षको जगेनाध र सामावजक सद्‍भाि तथा एकता अवभिृवर्द्मा सघाउ पुर्‍याउने cfof]hg

fx?

-% c+Í_

(=z';f

;g

a[l4ug{

;3fp

k'ofpg]

cfof]h

gfx?

-%

c+Í_

=

!)=cGt/

k|b]z tyf

cGt/

gu/kflnsf

tyf

ufp+kflnsf

;d[l4sf

cfof]hgfx?

-% c+Í_

s'nk|fKt

c+Í ef/

k|fyld

stf

qmd

cfof]hgfn]

lbuf]

lasf;

nIodWo

s'g nIo

k|fKt ug{

d2t ub{5

;f] v'nfpg]

.

!

@

#

$

%

%

^

gf]6M of] cfof]hgf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f kmf/d ;a} If]qsf] nflu h:t} cfly{s If]q, ;fdflhs If]q, k'af{wf/ If]q, jftfa/0f tyf lakb Aofa:yfkg If]q, ;+:yfut lasf; tyf ;]jf

k|afx If]q, lalQo Aofa:yfkg / z';f;g If]qsf] nflu 5'66f 5'66} eg'{kb{5 . *) jf ;f] eGbf a9L c+s Nofpg] cfof]hgfnfO k|fyldstfdf /fVg'k5{ .