ycs- josh speaking notes

Speaking Notes – Master Josh copy – 12.29.11 1 ycs

I. Introduction 1

2

How not to make the same mistakes I did! 3

Be more effective and fruitful 4

Learn ins & outs of a speaking / teaching ministry 5

6

A. Background to Persuasion 7

8

1. Persuasive Speakers – Most people who have influenced history 9

10

a. Historical Figures: Hitler, Mussolini, Churchill, Kennedy 11

Study their styles. 12

Use video from Internet. 13

Look at manuscripts of famous speeches. 14

15

b. Business Executives 16

Success in a corporation is proportional to language skills. 17

Communication skills are needed to give vision, direction, and 18

instruction. 19

20

An industrialist was asked the secret of his success: “Know your 21

subject, plan your speech. This means you must know not only 22

what to say, but how to say it.” 23

24

(i) Book of Lists 25

Americans greatest fears: 26

Speaking 27

Heights 28

Insects 29

Financial 30

Deep water 31

32

(ii) 3000 college students surveyed: 33

34

Three out of four said number one fear was giving a talk 35

The number three fear was dying 36

37


(iii) A good speaker depends on: 1

How we look 2

How we say it 3

What we say 4

5

2. Overview of Persuasion – You earn the right to be heard 6

7

a. Be vulnerable 8

9

(i) Be transparent, visible,, but show moderation, e.g., some people 10

do too much initially. Share your heart. 11

12

(ii) Marriage (check with mate – suspicion can build up). 13

14

(iii) Holy Spirit: Anyone can do it. 15

My story 16

17

b. Think on your feet. 18

19

This comes with practice – dealing with interruptions; adapting 20

yourself to their mindset – example: UCSD, “Josh is dead. (You’re 21

right, I died in Christ).” 22

23

c. Constitution: Constitution guarantees freedom of speech, but 24

does not guarantee an audience. 25

26

You have to earn the right to be heard. 27

28

d. The more you do, the better you become. 29

30

(i) Practice does not make perfect. But rather, practice with 31

evaluation makes perfect. 32

33

(ii) Review past talks. 34

35

(iii) Know yourself. 36

37

(iv) Pray for creativity. 38

39


(v) Look for bad habits, but don’t focus on them. Watch past videos 1

of yourself. 2

3

(vi) Be flexible. 4

5

e. I never strive to be the best, but to do my best – you don’t climb 6

the ladder of success over other people. 7

8

(i) If everyone had to be the best – only room for one best in each 9

category. 10

11

(ii) Does Bible admonish to be the best or to do it glory of God? 12

13

f. Be Clear 14

15

(i) General Von Moltke: At the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War, 16

he said to his officers, “Remember gentlemen, that any order that 17

can be misunderstood will be misunderstood.” 18

19

(ii) Napoleon, to his secretaries: “Be clear! Be clear!” 20

21

(iii) Restate in different words 22

23

(iv) Microphones (see Sound System) 24

25

B. Basic Method of Persuasion: The basic philosophy of ministry can be 26

summed up with these points: 27

28

1. Do your homework: Intellectual integrity 29

30

Your intellect must have integrity. “That Christian sure did his 31

homework!” 32

33

2. Love your audience: Emotional integrity 34

35

a. Your heart must have integrity. Communicate: “I love you and care 36

about you.” 37

38

Example: Deedat…God gives genuine love. 39


1

b. Meet people: 50-60% is ATTITUDE 2

3

(i) What are you studying? 4

(ii) Where are you from? 5

(iii) What year are you in school? 6

(iv) What are your plans? 7

8

3. Tell the truth: Message integrity 9

10

a. Don’t attack your opponent but show enough light to cast 11

shadows on falsehood. 12

13

b. If you tell the truth, you don’t have to remember a lot. 14

15

4. Be yourself: Personal integrity. 16

17

a. Avoid the tendency to be “holier than thou.” 18

19

Example: Bible Teachers: Sometimes they change personalities from 20

private to public 21

22

Example: a friend at Wheaton imitated Billy Graham 23

24

b. Communication is “truth through personality.” 25

26

(i) In front of audience you are the same person but more forceful. 27

28

5. Be Biblical: Theological integrity 29

30

6. Power of the Holy Spirit: Spiritual integrity 31

32

C. Strive for clarity, accuracy, and relevancy 33

34

1. Spirituality – Holy Spirit 35

36

2. Natural gifts 37

38

3. Knowledge 39


1

Skill – language and delivery 2

Enthusiasm 3

4

4. Bad habits 5

6

a. Structure – read dictionary 7

8

b. Pronunciation: 9

Nuclear / nucular 10

Girls / women 11

Boy / Negro 12

Recognize / Recognize 13

14

c. Repetition: exciting / variety 15

16

d. Big words 17

18

D. Definitions of Persuade, Persuasion 19

20

1. “To move by argument, entreaty, or expostulation to a belief, 21

position, or course of action.” (Merriam-Webster) 22

23

2. “To prevail on (a person) to do something, as be advising or 24

urging.” (Dictionary.com) 25

26

3. “Inducing people to action after proper reflection led by the Holy 27

Spirit. Change of attitude, opinions and actions.” (Josh D. 28

McDowell) 29

30

4. “That which wins belief or stimulates action by employing all the 31

factors that determine human behavior in order to change 32

attitudes, opinions and actions.” (Josh D. McDowell) 33

34

** It’s more difficult to make a “need felt,” than to satisfy a “felt need.” 35

36

E. Principles of Persuasion: The purpose is to stimulate them to really 37

listen and then follow through at the end of your talk, not merely to get their 38

attention. 39


1

Needs are not created by the speaker. Without stimulating interest, you 2

are not going to be persuasive. 3

4

“To make their decision, the audience will ask themselves three important 5

questions: 6

7

What qualifies this speaker to talk on this topic? 8

How does this speech topic involve me personally? 9

What reasons were given to support the speaker’s ideas and 10

recommendations? 11

12

Their answers will be based on how they see you and your speech in terms 13

of their frames of reference. 14

15

1. NOTE: Getting interest is not the same as getting attention, e.g., 16

Hawaii 17

18

2. Burden of Proof – the listener is given a “chance to reason for himself 19

or herself. Your responsibility is to present the evidence fairly; your 20

listeners’ responsibility is to weigh this evidence. 21

22

3. Associate statements and propositions with audience’s attitudes, 23

values, and needs. Anticipate how the audience will react to what you 24

say and do. 25

26

Adapt ideas to people and people to ideas. 27

28

4. Arouse and appeal to the audience’s wants and needs. 29

30

a. A Caution 31

32

(i) People hear what they want to hear. People tend to see and hear 33

communications that are favorable or congenial to their 34

predispositions. 35

36

(ii) Change is often threatening. 37

38


b. Know what they want. Know what they need. You need to 1

expose it. They don’t know they need it. 2

3

NOTE: Advertising does not make people materialistic, but exploits 4

their materialistic bend. “Tell them what they want to hear, then tell 5

them what they need to hear.” (Randy Marshall) 6

7

(i) Want: Jewishness. 8

Need: Salvation. 9

10

(ii) Bookseller’s Convention: what they do is very important to authors 11

Want: Sell books 12

Need: Vision 13

14

(iii) Athletes: want personal identity and need the spiritual dimension 15

to relationships. 16

Want: Maximum sex 17

Need: Jesus 18

19

5. Stimulate interest in what the speaker is saying. 20

21

a. Hook: Use it in titles and introductory comments – tell half the 22

story. 23

24

b. Dispel misconceptions at the beginning. 25

26

c. Make disclaimers to things audience considers trite. 27

28

d. Intrigue your audience – leave them hanging. 29

30

e. Examples: 31

32

(i) Title: “The Six Reasons Why I’m Not Going to Heaven.” 33

34

(ii) Resurrection Intro: “I want you to use your minds. Look – most 35

students – but certainly not all – are willing to think.” 36

Ask them to weigh and evaluate. 37

38

“I’m going to share what I couldn’t share a few years ago…” 39


1

(iii) Prophecy Intro: “I’m not giving you the official views…I’m not 2

talking about the end of the world…: 3

4

(iv) Secret of Loving Intro: “I wish my wife were here…I’m not going 5

to shove anything down your throat…I’m going to tick some of you 6

off, I’m going to really irritate some of you…and that’s your 7

problem, not mine.” 8

9

(Sex: shove down your throat) 10

11

(v) Leave them hanging for the next session. Example: Bill Gothard: 12

“Well, tomorrow night, I’ll answer that for you.” (Caution…) 13

14

(vi) Verbalize their questions. Play devil’s advocate; cause people to 15

question their answers. 16

17

Example: Romans Intro: “…What about those that have never 18

heard?” 19

20

“…You can’t be saved by faith?” 21

22

6. Inform and explain new information. Quote from their 23

authorities. Shoot them with their own guns. Show that you know 24

their sources. 25

26

a. Use rhetorical questions. 27

28

b. Don’t distort the truth in order to make a point. Truth will stand 29

by itself. 30

31

(i) Uniqueness comes from telling the truth in a different way. 32

33

c. Helpful devices 34

35

(i) Illustrations 36

37

(ii) References to occasion or setting 38

39


(iii) Action questions 1

2

(iv) Unusual or Dramatic Devices 3

4

7. Drive home a point. 5

6

a. Use many points to drive home one point. Attention span is 6-7 7

minutes. Change the pace or you will lose their attention: pause, 8

cough, humor, slap podium, stories, raise voice 9

10

b. The point to drive him or her is an attitude, not information. If 11

they get the attitude, they’ll want more information. 12

13

(i) “I love my wife and I’m excited about her.” 14

(ii) It’s intellectually acceptable. 15

(iii) Drive home a point: 11 points 16

Purpose 17

9-point whammy – not each point, but overall impact. 18

19

c. Avoid peripheral issues. 20

21

(i) Differences come from limitations, riding hobby horses, different 22

spiritual gifts, cultural and emotional backgrounds. 23

24

8. Conciliate the suspicious, the antagonistic, and the skeptical. 25

Conciliate but don’t compromise. 26

27

a. Example: 48-page letter to pastor to explain finances. 28

29

b. Don’t build unnecessary barriers. Your purpose is not to win an 30

argument, but to win a soul. 31

32

(i) Look at opposition, not as an adversary to be overcome, but as a 33

soul to be won – a person to be loved into the kingdom. 34

35

(ii) On the free speech platform, many alienated their audience by 36

asserting that Jesus was the Answer without qualifying 37

themselves. 38

39


There are economic, social and political answers that don’t directly 1

relate to Christ. The root of the problem is answered in Jesus 2

Christ, but the average Christian – much less the non-Christian – 3

doesn’t understand that. 4

5

Does not build unnecessary barriers. 6

“Jesus is the only answer!” 7

Not going to lose your Judaism. 8

Sex! Your life to live (premarital sex) – do with it what you want. 9

10

NOTE: There’s one way to God, but many ways to Christ. 11

12

(iii) Acknowledge your own unanswered questions. Those who have 13

always got the answer can hardly be trusted. Handle material 14

honestly. 15

16

NOTE: There’s a built-in agnosticism to language, be as clear with 17

it as you can. 18

19

Example: Bob Thieme 20

21

c. Compliment – make an effort to find something positive to say 22

about them. 23

24

(i) You can always find something that you like about any situation or 25

person (be sincere). 26

27

Example: “I believe I’ll leave this place a better person for being 28

with you tonight.” 29

30

(ii) If you don’t believe it, don’t say it. 31

32

d. Disarm, recognize and verbalize areas that you know are of 33

concern to them or offend them. 34

35

(i) Look behind problems and differences and lovingly deal with the 36

source. 37

38


(ii) Come in the back door, especially with those who are threatened 1

about losing their cultural identity, e.g. Jews and Muslims 2

3

(iii) Don’t always ride your hobby horse. Your audience will get 4

alienated. Don’t hammer home when it is expected. 5

6

For example, if speaking on pre-marital sex, the emphasis, 7

“You’ve got your lives to live, and I have mine. You make your 8

bed and sleep in it, and I make mine,” conciliates, but is not a 9

compromise. 10

11

9. Identify, acknowledge and compliment. (Alumni, award, sports, 12

history of organization or university, humor, objective faith – fortunate to 13

have pastor, etc., CMA – budget – Argentina $$). 14

15

a. Shine their trophies. 16

17

b. Establish rapport. 18

19

c. Share good gossip about them. 20

21

d. Do your homework before coming and get data they might not know 22

about their background, history, traditions, heroes, villians. 23

24

e. Identify by finding common ground, some reason for unity or 25

association. 26

27

f. Acknowledge an achievement, famous alumni, a championship 28

team, an anecdote, an historical event, or something that will make 29

them feel that you’re aware of them. 30

31

(i) Example: While speaking at a Christian Missionary Alliance 32

Church, mentioning, “I’ve told some denominations, ‘You know, if 33

you did half as much with your resources as CMA does, we’d have 34

fulfilled the Great Commission a long time ago.’” 35

36

(ii) Example: While speaking with the Southern Baptists, “You know, 37

with the manpower and resources you have, you could probably 38

fulfill the Great Commission yourself.” 39


1

(iii) Example: Messiah College and Ron Sider 2

3

(iv) U.T. – Austin and meeting Dottie 4

5

(v) KD’s and Dottie being a KD. 6

7

(vi) Pump and idea or organization: 8

9

Ethical 10

11

Good taste 12

13

Common ground 14

15

Relationship to personality, church, group, denomination, 16

concept 17

18

10. Suggest a specific action: give them something to aim at when 19

they leave the room tonight. 20

21

a. Example: Read John 3 three times; pray this prayer; look for 22

changes in your attitudes and actions. 23

24

11. Obtain greater retention 25

26

a. By making the receiver aware that he or she has a new attitude 27

28

b. By relating the new attitude to the individual’s self-interest 29

30

c. By achieving the maximum initial change of attitude 31

32

d. By including evidence in the message, and by inoculating the 33

audience against counter-persuasion. 34

35

12. Persuasion Appeals 36

37

a. Psychological appeals 38

39


b. Achievement and display 1

2

c. Companionship 3

4

d. Adventure 5

6

e. Creativity – persuasive motivator 7

8

f. Curiosity 9

10

g. Deference 11

12

h. Dependence 13

14

i. Destruction 15

16

j. Power and Authority 17

18

k. Sense of Pride 19

20

l. Reverence or Worship 21

22

m. Independence 23

24

n. Personal enjoyment 25

26

o. Loyalty 27

28

p. Revulsion 29

30

q. Sympathy 31

32

r. Affection 33

34

s. Fear 35

36

(i) Fear of not having food, shelter, and health 37

38


(ii) Fear of loss of freedom, of not developing one’s talents, and of 1

not living a fulfilled life 2

3

(iii) Fear of the unknown 4

5

F. Wrong Methods of Persuasion – methods not involved in as Christians 6

7

1. Force 8

9

2. Threat – moral suasion – threatening someone 10

11

3. Propaganda 12

13

NOTE: Propaganda is inducing people to action without proper 14

reflection; presenting only one side 15

16

G. Wrong Principles of Persuasion: Five fallacies of persuasion to avoid 17

18

1. Glittering Generalities 19

20

a. Example: 21

All historians / Most historians 22

All philosophers / Most philosophers 23

24

2. Name calling 25

26

NOTE: Former Moral Majority was at times guilty of name calling – don’t 27

reject the person, even if you reject their beliefs. 28

29

3. Transfer 30

31

a. Making a connection between two things that appear to be 32

related but actually are not. 33

34

b. Commercials – toothpaste (beer, family, fun), x charged 35

36

4. Bandwagon 37

38

a. Crowd-pleasing – appealing to the crowd’s desires 39


1

5. Card Stacking – Balance both sides 2

3

a. Presenting a case as though all the evidence is on your side. 4

Not acknowledging the opponent’s side. 5

6

b. 5% think, 15% think they think, 80% would rather die than think. 7

8

6. Exaggeration 9

10

7. Hasty Generalizations 11

12

8. Faulty Causal Relation 13

14

9. Faulty Analogy 15

16

H. People who are resistant to persuasion 17

18

1. Who are polarized (who have already taken an extreme position) on an 19

issue are highly resistant to persuasion. 20

21

2. Who are highly ego-involved in an issue. 22

23

3. Who have well-integrated and highly consistent systems of values, 24

beliefs, and attitudes. 25

26

4. Who have basic needs and values different from those of the 27

persuader 28

29

5. Who have been previously rewarded or reinforced for their attitude 30

of belief. 31

32

6. Who identify with groups opposite of those of the persuader 33

34

II. Elements of Proof (Aristotle) 35

36

A. Confidence comes from 37

38

1. Exposure to Christ 39


1

2. Filling of the Holy Spirit 2

3

3. Exercising the Authority of the Believer (have CD) 4

5

4. Experiencing a message personally 6

7

5. Having a backlog of success 8

9

6. Knowing your subject 10

11

7. Knowing your opponent’s subject 12

13

B. Barriers to Confidence 14

15

1. Not knowing how large the audience will be 16

17

2. Not knowing who will be in the audience 18

19

3. Not knowing that the audience expects 20

21

4. Not knowing what previous speakers have said 22

23

5. Not knowing what the audience knows about what you are going to 24

say 25

26

6. Degree of evaluation 27

28

7. Conspicuousness 29

30

8. Novelty 31

32

9. Prior success 33

34

C. Ethos: Ethical Proof or Being Yourself 35

36

1. Be what you are selling; preach what you practice 37

38


a. “The quality of a man is the foundation of his appeal.” (Cicero) 1

2

b. “An orator is a good man, skilled in speech.” (Cicero) 3

4

NOTE: One can be persuasive without being good – e.g., Hitler and 5

Mussolini. 6

7

2. Character – speaking from… 8

9

a. Confidence and poise 10

11

b. Physical energy and excitement 12

13

(i) Stay fit and know your limits…(80% of the time, Josh is very tired) 14

– often the difference between the speaker’s ability to persuade is 15

their enthusiasm. 16

17

c. Sincerity and conviction 18

19

(i) Sincerity: Do you believe it? Does the audience believe that you 20

believe it? 21

22

d. Decisiveness: Stand up; speak up; shut up. 23

24

e. Eccentricity – saying it a different way (people think better or you? 25

Or better communicate?) 26

27

f. Be what you are selling 28

29

g. Truth through personality 30

31

3. Intelligence – knowledge 32

33

a. Mental alertness – think through (you are in the process of 34

becoming worth listening to) 35

36

b. Tangible attainment prior to the speaking situation – 37

Introduction 38

39


NOTE: Degrees, experience, and personal success adds to clout. A 1

daring life-style leads to more credibility. 2

3

c. Good will – acknowledge your opponent’s good points. 4

5

(i) Fairness; able to apologize and forgive 6

7

Good point brought up – acknowledge 8

9

Careful use of quotes 10

11

(ii) Self-discipline; even-tempered, self-restrained. 12

13

(iii) Sympathy and understanding 14

15

(iv) Speaker reveals common ground with the audience 16

17

Grandson born in Dallas 18

19

“Truth through personality” 20

21

d. Understanding of audience; know what is true from your audience’s 22

and your opponent’s perspective. 23

24

e. Open-mindedness 25

26

4. Good delivery 27

28

5. Sincerity 29

30

6. Organization of material 31

32

7. Affiliation with worthy organization 33

34

D. Pathos: Emotional Proof, or Loving Your Audience 35

36

1. Moderate to strong emotion facilitates persuasion. 37

38

a. Can help someone move to action 39


1

b. Careful not to manipulate 2

3

c. Participant leaves with, “I need to do (Indianapolis talk show) what 4

he was talking about.” 5

6

2. Intense emotion hinders intelligent behavior. 7

8

a. Only intense emotionality interrupts intelligent behavior (student 9

demonstration, Hitler) 10

11

3. Narratives that recreate emotional experiences can be very 12

effective. 13

14

“Most effective method of presenting emotional proof is a vivid 15

description and narrative to recreate real, emotion-producing situations. 16

17

“Feel the same way…” 18

“Oh, it hurts!” 19

Jesus healing of the leper – Mark 2 20

21

a. Environment: recreating the original emotional situation. 22

23

b. Internalized: Stir it up yourself. Act out – hammer hitting your 24

thumb 25

26

c. Complications – the complication arouses suspense 27

28

d. Dialog 29

30

e. Imaginary visual aids 31

32

4. Any emotional appeal must be genuine. 33

34

a. Beach – stopped immediately 35

36

5. Humor can make you a heel or a hero. 37

38

a. Never force it. 39


1

b. Don’t feel obligated or bound to be funny at every occasion 2

(faintest uneasiness or doubt – don’t) 3

4

c. Don’t be flippant. Especially about sacred things – blue bird book. 5

Don’t allow it to distract from dignity to the point or flippancy. 6

7

d. Avoid cutting remarks; don’t let humor become invective (sharp, 8

cutting remarks) 9

10

e. Don’t give the impression of striving after it. 11

12

f. When funny, be very funny; when serious, be very serious. Use 13

it to release tension. Humor on yourself (foreign country or 14

language). 15

16

g. Have a purpose for your humor; tie it in with the subject or 17

audience – Bill Bright. Johnny Carson never put down a guest with 18

his humor. 19

20

h. Make yourself the butt of the joke. Don’t let it be at the expense of 21

someone else. Racial, minority – no. 22

23

i. Know your audience. 24

25

6. Suggested use of humor 26

27

a. Telling a joke on oneself. 28

29

b. Telling a joke on someone in the group or on some well-known 30

person. 31

32

c. Making humorous reference to the speech situation or to the 33

local, state, or national situation. 34

35

d. Mentioning the occasion or other occasions. 36

37

e. Associating a speech with past incidents that have been 38

amusing. 39


1

f. “Panning” members of the group or local, state, national, or 2

world figures. 3

4

g. Exaggeration. 5

6

h. Deliberate understatement. 7

8

i. Sudden change of thought. 9

10

j. Surprise thoughts. 11

12

k. Afterthoughts tacked onto the end of an otherwise serious 13

statement. 14

15

l. Twisting ideas (do not overdo this) 16

17

m. Misinterpreting facts or figures (be clever about this). 18

19

n. Intentionally making errors (this must be skillfully done). 20

21

o. Intentionally placing oneself in a humorous situation 22

23

p. Misquoting someone present or a well-known authority (be 24

discreet). 25

26

q. Restating a well-known quotation to give it a humorous twist. 27

28

r. Pantomime (also humorous props or humorous use of props). 29

30

s. Gestures poorly timed or timed too late. 31

32

t. Facial grimaces. 33

34

u. Anecdotes. 35

36

v. Examples that are humorous or make an amusing point. 37

38


w. Impersonating a character used as an illustration (do not make 1

your whole speech an impersonation) 2

3

x. Demonstrating or dramatizing a point (do this for purposes of 4

illustrating to achieve humor – who moved the stone?) 5

6

y. Clever wording (concoct new words, apply certain words to new 7

situations or give them new meaning, join two or more words together 8

with hyphens, then apply them in your speech). 9

10

E. Logos: Logical Proof…or…Doing Your Homework 11

12

1. Discover trustworthy arguments. 13

(Tell the truth and you don’t have to remember a lot) 14

15

a. Evidence 16

17

(i) Determine its relevance. 18

19

(ii) Determine its reliability. 20

21

Check consistency within the source; from the same source 22

23

Check consistency with other known sources: Bio – speaking 24

on the New Testament – not “just on source” 25

26

Document the source and the date; give references in talk – 27

page numbers, source and date, etc. 28

29

(iii) Determining its competency 30

31

(iv) Determining its sufficiency 32

33

(v) Determining if it’s up-to-date 34

35

b. Look for analogies. Bridge your knowledge with the knowledge of 36

your audience. The unknown to the known. 37

38

(i) Example: to the moon 39


(ii) Example: the state of Texas 1

2

3

III. Audience Analysis 4

5

A. Prior Analysis: Analyze the audience prior to preparing and delivering the 6

speech so that the content, the language, and the delivery of the message 7

will be appropriate for the intended listeners. (Helps the speaker select the 8

topic as well as language). 9

10

1. Do they know you? 11

12

2. Do they respect you? 13

14

3. Do they agree or disagree with your past association with the 15

subject? 16

17

4. The audience’s attitude toward the occasion and setting also are 18

important. 19

20

5. Attending because of their personal involvement? 21

22

6. A captive audience. 23

24

7. What other speaker have they heard? 25

26

8. Program chairpersons are valuable sources of information 27

28

9. Age 29

30

10. Sex 31

32

11. Religion 33

34

12. Cultural background 35

36

13. Intellectual level 37

38

14. Occupation 39


1

15. Race 2

3

16. Political affiliation 4

5

17. Social level 6

7

18. Economic level 8

9

19. Values 10

11

20. Marital status 12

13

21. Trade 14

15

22. Business 16

17

23. Profession 18

19

24. Political party 20

21

25. Educational background 22

23

26. Attitudes 24

25

27. Prejudices 26

27

28. Biases 28

29

29. Values 30

31

30. Expectations of you as a speaker. 32

33

31. Mood 34

35

32. Can they be challenged to undertake a difficult project? 36

37

33. Will they respond to notions of rivalry? (Texas A&M / Texas) 38

39


34. Competition 1

2

35. Will they be friendly? 3

4

36. Will they be indifferent or neutral? 5

6

37. Will they be hostile, antagonistic, prejudiced? 7

8

38. What image does the audience have of the speaker? 9

10

39. Does it see the speaker as an expert? 11

12

40. Does it have any misleading ideas about the speaker’s 13

qualifications? 14

15

41. What does the audience already know about this subject? 16

17

42. How interested are they in this subject? 18

19

43. What is their attitude toward this subject? 20

21

B. Types of Audiences 22

23

1. Casual audience 24

25

2. Passive audience – best characterized as being disinterested 26

27

3. Selected audience. It is composed of individuals who have 28

gathered for some common and known purpose. 29

30

4. Concerted audience which has an active purpose, with sympathetic 31

interest in a mutual enterprise, but with no clear division of labor or 32

rigid organization of authority. 33

34

35

36

37

38

39


IV. Preparing a Message: Doing Your Homework 1

2

A. Goal: Thoroughly know your material. 3

4

B. Determining Purpose. Ask yourself, “Why am I giving this talk?” 5

6

1. To clarify 7

8

2. To impress, to convince 9

10

3. To move to action 11

12

4. To entertain. Leave them laughing. A communicator should be 13

free to be part entertainer. 14

15

C. Finding Material – use concrete detail (Specific) Kansas City 16

17

1. Restatements: Be creative; find a fresh way to say it. Give credit to 18

other’s ideas. 19

20

2. Definitions – define your words 21

22

3. Contrasts and comparisons 23

24

4. Testimony or quotes: “Quote one person – you plagiarize. Quote 25

many – you’re a scholar.” 26

27

5. Stories, illustrations or narratives 28

29

6. Background information, history, causes and effects. Avoid over-30

informing. 31

32

7. Rules or principles. 33

34

8. Reports, data and statistics; give concrete details. Journals are 35

good sources. 36

37

9. Strategies or plans; use diagrams. 38

39


10. Goals. 1

2

D. Method 3

4

1. Personal knowledge: write everything you know about the 5

subject. 6

7

a. Use legal pad and write. 8

9

b. Exhaust your own material before you look for more. 10

11

c. Think on it: write everything you know. 12

(i) Files – time saver 13

(ii) Interested in Interested in you and your ideas 14

(iii) Write down all 15

16

2. Don’t borrow other’s material unless you have internalized it. 17

18

a. Be inquisitive. 19

20

b. Focus on personal insight into needs and desires. 21

22

c. Internalize your material 23

24

(i) Borrow someone else’s material – you have problems if not run 25

through your grid, mill. Give credit. 26

27

(ii) Read books but internalize. 28

29

3. Research questions: ask all possible questions. Read after you 30

exhaust yourself. 31

32

4. Collect and know more information than you could possibly use in 33

a speech. 34

35

a. Your greatest asset is not your time, but your focus. 36

37

b. Find material 38

39


(i) Read all the time – collect ideas 1

2

(ii) Hunt for material – antique shop 3

4

(iii) Tireless note-taker 5

6

(iv) Curiosity 7

8

(v) Stories, jokes, illustrations, etc. 9

10

(vi) Personal experience 11

12

(vii) Bible 13

14

(viii) Other’s experiences (interviews) 15

16

(ix) Clip morning paper, TV, news, campus paper 17

18

(x) Get all the details of a good story, illustration or quote 19

(background, reasons, people, position, occupation, etc.) 20

21

(xi) Collect opposing views, research, etc. 22

23

(xii) Be honest and be thorough 24

25

5. File the material in a logical system 26

27

a. Aim to get the gist of an idea or article – highlight the most 28

important points. 29

30

b. Categorize like subjects / facts. 31

(Example – if speaking on parenting – have categories for statistics, 32

parenting tips, mothers, fathers, etc.) 33

34

c. Keep each category separate – either by separate documents or 35

with page breaks. 36

37

d. Use numbers or bullet points to separate your facts. 38

39


e. Keep your sources with your facts when you are doing your 1

initial research. 2

3

f. Use quotation marks when you are using material word-for-word 4

from another source. Quote accurately. 5

6

g. Use headers / footers to accurately name your documents and 7

where they are stored (also with PowerPoint documentation). 8

9

h. Utilize Microsoft Word resources (they are good resources!) for: 10

(i) Endnotes 11

(ii) Footnotes 12

(iii) Managing sources 13

(iv) Bibliography 14

(v) Table of Contents 15

16

6. Purposes…write out. 17

18

a. Audience needs 19

20

b. Core ideas 21

22

c. Questions 23

24

E. Sources 25

26

1. Website research: 27

28

a. Do searches with keywords 29

(Example for parenting research: parents, family, children, mother, 30

father, home, etc.) 31

32

b. Follow links from good websites that will direct you to other 33

sources 34

35

c. DON’T USE WIKIPEDIA for a source! (Wikipedia can be edited by 36

just about anyone). 37

38


d. Mark reputable websites in your favorites on your computer so 1

you can easily return to them in the future. 2

3

e. Subscribe to online updates in your field of interest (example – 4

Barna weekly updates) 5

6

f. Think outside the box – if you can’t find what you are looking for 7

going one direction – try a new direction! 8

9

2. Published material 10

11

a. Collect more information than you can use. Know more than you 12

can use. (1-½ hours of research for each minute that I speak) 13

14

b. Books 15

16

c. Journals, periodicals, magazines 17

18

d. Newspapers (much easier with the Internet) 19

(Examples – Christianity Today, Wall Street Journal, L.A. Times, 20

Washington Post, Psychology Today, Time, U.S. News & World 21

Report, The Economist, etc.) 22

23

3. Unpublished material 24

25

a. Lectures 26

27

b. Audio CDs, MP3’s 28

29

c. Interviews 30

31

d. Webcasts 32

33

e. Podcasts 34

35

f. TV 36

37

g. Radio 38

39


h. Movies 1

2

i. Exhibitions 3

4

j. Conversations 5

6

k. E-mails / letters 7

8

4. Corroboration of others – the more “earth-shattering,” the more 9

corroborates 10

11

5. Outline 12

13

Rousseau – love letter. “He had begun without knowing what he was 14

going to say, and he had finished without knowing what he had uttered.” 15

16

17

V. Organizing Material. 18

19

“When a man’s knowledge is not in order, the more of it he has, the greater 20

will be his confusion of thought.” (Herbert Spencer) 21

Build a house. 22

23

“The art of war is a science in which nothing succeeds which has not been 24

calculated and thought out.” (Napoleon) 25

26

A. Strategy 27

28

1. Five versions of any speech 29

30

a. The one you prepared. 31

32

b. The one you delivered. 33

34

c. The one the newspaper said you delivered. 35

36

d. The one your spouse said you should have delivered. 37

38

e. The one you wish you had delivered. 39


1

2. Anticipate questions and conflict 2

3

3. Anticipate misunderstandings 4

5

4. People listen to support their prejudices 6

7

5. What about? Why important? Especially interesting or noteworthy? 8

9

6. Builds suspense 10

11

7. Plan 1. 12

13

a. State your facts: 14

Who 15

What 16

When 17

Where 18

Why 19

How 20

21

b. Argue for them 22

23

c. Appeal for action 24

25

8. Plan 2. 26

27

a. Share what is wrong. 28

29

b. Share how to remedy. 30

31

c. Ask for cooperation. 32

(Example – Problem: def. my father. 33

34

Why is it a problem? 35

36

Solution to the problem? 37


9. Dewey’s Critical Sequence Problem Solving Model 1

2

What is the problem? 3

4

What are the causes of the problem? 5

6

What are the possible solutions? 7

8

What are the advantages and disadvantages of each solution? 9

10

What is the best solution? 11

12

How can the best solution(s) be put into effect? 13

10. Large print – key points and phrases – charts, PowerPoint, graphics, 14

etc. 15

16

B. The Emcee 17

18

1. Is not the event or the star, but takes second place. He is the setting 19

of the jewel. 20

21

2. Builds up and supports the main speaker. 22

23

3. Is like a picture frame – he embellishes the program. 24

25

4. Needs to be prepared by having done his homework – background 26

reading. 27

28

5. Should never give the speaker’s outline. 29

30

6. Should be careful with humor. 31

32

7. Should not be too familiar with the speaker. 33

Be sincere if the person has had a personal ministry in your life. 34

Talk with the speaker ahead of time. 35

36


8. Intro speaker to audience: 1

2

a. “Some of the best…” 3

4

b. “Big red” welcome 5

6

c. “We love you…” 7

“We appreciate you…” 8

“Time away from family…” 9

“Heavy schedule…” 10

11

9. Build interest 12

13

10. Avoid 14

15

a. “My good friend…” 16

17

b. “He gave me…” 18

19

c. “Don’t need to say anything” 20

1,000 there 21

500 had heard… 22

23

d. “I remember when…” 24

(funny to you only) 25

Do this only when it elevates the speaker 26

27

C. Introduction: To inform, get attention and establish their needs. 28

Should be prepared last. 29

30

1. Purpose of Introduction 31

32

a. To get on common ground with the listener. 33

34

b. To remove a prejudice. 35

36

c. To establish credibility. 37

38

d. To arouse interest. 39


1

e. To state your purpose or central idea. 2

3

2. Doesn’t need to have a joke 4

5

3. Should contain compliments 6

7

4. Should explain why you’re enthused about the subject 8

9

5. Should tie the talk in with the group. Reference to situation – careful 10

if negative. 11

12

6. Should demonstrate knowledge of the special achievements within 13

the group, audience, or organization 14

15

a. Issues 16

17

b. Personalities 18

19

c. Sports 20

21

d. Projects 22

23

e. History 24

25

f. Officers 26

27

7. Could begin with a quote, poem, story – as long as it ties in with 28

the talk. 29

30

8. Question 31

32

9. Suspense 33

34

10. Illustration 35

36

11. Humor 37

38

12. Challenge the audience 39


1

13. Personal reference or experience 2

3

14. Explain purpose of talk 4

5

15. Refer to recent incident 6

7

16. Refer to previous speaker 8

9

D. Body: To convince them, present the solution to their need, and help 10

them visualize the benefits of the solution. 11

12

1. Make each major point a message. 13

14

2. Make each sub-point a message. 15

16

E. Conclusion: To motivate them and give steps to action or appeal for 17

action. 18

19

1. Apply the solution to yourself. 20

21

NOTE: Application can be either in the body or the conclusion. 22

23

2. Apply the solution to someone in history. 24

25

3. Apply the solution to a contemporary, possibly someone in the 26

audience, or outside. 27

28

4. Make the conclusion short and concise. Don’t ramble. 29

30

5. Leave them laughing; humorous close. 31

“Always leave them laughing when you say good-bye.” (George Cohan) 32

33

6. Summarize your points. 34

35

7. Pay a sincere compliment. Compliment the audience. 36

37

8. Don’t add any new information. 38

39


9. Use quotes, or poetry or the Bible. 1

2

10. Give a teaser for the next talk, if in a series. 3

4

11. Allow for questions; use comment cards. 5

6

12. Thank them for allowing you to speak. When through, shut up. 7

8

9

VI. Delivery and Style: 10

(Loving Your Audience and Being Yourself) 11

12

No boring subjects; just boring speakers. 13

14

People are bombarded all day long – why you? 15

16

People are easily offended – jokes – jovial 17

18

Apologize – stop and make correction 19

20

Never talk down to your audience – comment on what they say…not who they 21

are. 22

23

A. The Importance of Practice: “You don’t need practice, you need nerve 24

control.” 25

26

Nerve control comes through practice: videos, tapes, mirrors. Desire to 27

improve; evaluate your progress. 28

29

Practice does not make perfect…practice with critique makes perfect. 30

31

1. Read great orators, sermons and literature aloud. 32

33

Learn how to say things well. 34

Write out illustrations. 35

Enhancement, develop, purification 36

37

2. Examples: 38


a. Skid Row: if you can hold their attention for thirty minutes, 1

you’re a speaker. 2

3

b. Rock quarry on our farm. 4

5

c. Dependability: Josh hasn’t cancelled a major talk in 16 years. 6

7

3. Don’t impersonate someone else! 8

Be yourself. 9

Your style of speaking will often set you apart from others. 10

11

4. Speak with convictions 12

13

a. Informed – your position and opponents 14

15

b. Holy Spirit 16

17

c. Personal experience – a man with an argument is at the mercy of 18

a man with an experience (a Christian should have both). 19

20

d. Goal 21

22

e. Strategy – how to get there 23

24

5. Personal 25

26

a. Puff up 27

28

b. Makes you look good 29

30

c. Still struggling, but potential solution there – “Honest to God.” 31

32

d. Careful of shock factor 33

34

e. Past, present, future = dreams 35

36

f. Never share a defeat until you have a victory 37

38

6. The way you sit. 39


1

7. Get to meetings early (banquets) 2

3

8. Remember names, events 4

5

9. Dress appropriately 6

7

B. Physical Aspects of Delivery 8

9

1. Breathing: from the diaphragm. 10

11

Breathe through your lungs. 12

13

John Reed at DTS has tips on breathing 14

15

2. Voice and pitch. 16

17

a. Vary pitch and the rate of speaking. 18

19

Pitch should have the proper correlation to the context. 20

21

Voice variation – every 5-7 minutes – change your pitch; vary your 22

rate of speaking. 23

24

b. Don’t impersonate somebody else; be yourself. 25

26

c. Talk as in a chat, but with more force; heightened conversation. 27

28

d. Don’t repeat until monotonous. 29

30

e. Animation 31

32

f. Emotion corresponding with content and audience 33

34

g. Pause 35

36

(i) Pauses can be golden 37

38

(ii) Control 39


1

(iii) Confidence 2

3

(iv) Emphasize ideas 4

5

(v) Give the audience an opportunity to mentally catch up with the 6

speaker 7

8

h. Speak to persons farthest away without a mike. 9

10

i. The body 11

12

(i) Have weight evenly distributed on both feet. 13

14

(ii) Have feet a comfortable distance apart 15

16

(iii) Look before you walk 17

18

(iv) Don’t twist your body 19

20

(v) Lectern: the purpose is to hold your notes, not to lean on 21

22

3. Gestures: They are like a toothbrush – a very personal thing. 23

24

a. Mannerisms are as important as your words. 25

26

b. Face and head 27

28

(i) Facial expression is the most important. 29

30

(ii) Light should be on face at a 45 degree angle 31

32

(iii) Focus on the joy you have. 33

34

(iv) Stare down the opposition. 35

36

(v) Smile. 37

38

Chinese Proverb: “He who cannot smile ought not to keep shop.” 39


1

(vi) Don’t let your hair be a distraction. 2

3

c. The eyes 4

5

(i) “Eye to eye principle” – never speak without a pair of eyes. 6

7

Eliminates distractions and reduces pressure. 8

9

Easier to concentrate-maximize thinking ability 10

11

More personal 12

13

Control nervousness 14

15

Keeps you from scanning 16

17

(ii) Work the audience 18

19

(iii) Finish one thought with one person, not one thought to 20

a group 21

22

No one else in the room 23

24

“I to him” not “I to them” – (you focus) 25

26

Five seconds 27

28

With a spotlight – imagine a pair of eyes 29

30

Start in the back 31

32

(iv) It’s value 33

34

It suggests audience-centeredness. 35

It makes the audience feel a part of the communicative event. 36

37


You cannot adapt to the audience’s response unless you see 1

those responses. 2

3

(v) Pause to look at notes 4

5

(vi) Preparation of notes 6

Key words 7

8

Be kept to a minimum 9

10

Small note cards 11

12

Not to be used in gesturing 13

14

Don’t attempt to conceal notes from the audience 15

16

Symbols 17

18

Teleprompter 19

20

Laptop, iPad 21

22

(vii) Reading from a prepared text or from extensive notes 23

24

Divide text into small memory bites (see Appendix L). 25

26

Put notes in front loading plastic protector sheets 27

28

Do not speak without a pair of eyes 29

30

Do not phase in or out of text. 31

32

Pause to catch thought is OK 33

34

It is okay to place your fingers on the notes or iPad, etc. 35

36

d. The Gestures 37

38


(i) Toothbrush – very personal 1

2

(ii) Let the body go 3

4

(iii) Don’t make short jerky gestures from the elbow. 5

For small crowds, use small gestures. 6

Use large gestures for large crowds. 7

Make complete motions; make them flow. 8

9

(iv) Energy – nervousness 10

11

(v) Don’t walk off energy 12

13

(vi) Above the waist – upper body would be mobile 14

15

(vii) Two arms are better than one 16

17

(viii) Should complement your words, ideas, and principles 18

19

(ix) Should be properly blended with the voice 20

21

(x) Should not be repeated, so that they become monotonous 22

23

(xi) Telephone booth syndrome 24

25

(xii) Smile – Chinese Proverb 26

27

(xiii) Body will follow voice : vocal – visual 28

29

(xiv) Start with hands at your side 30

31

(xv) Don’t lock your elbows 32

33

(xvi) Don’t make short jerky gestures, i.e., home movie syndrome 34

35

(xvii) Don’t be prohibitive 36

37

(xviii) Don’t abort gestures 38

39


(xix) Use your eyes 1

2

(xx) Hold the gesture when emphasis is needed. 3

Freeze, stop action, and wait for audience response. 4

5

(xxi) The larger the room, the more important the body language 6

7

(xxii) Manifestation of nervous tension: 8

9

Fiddling with a pencil 10

11

Clothes 12

13

Watch-winding 14

15

Fingers drumming 16

17

Leaning on lectern 18

19

Slumping 20

21

Weaving 22

23

Excessive body action 24

25

Wandering 26

27

“Ahs,” “ers” 28

29

Hair 30

31

Belt 32

33

Spider on a mirror 34

35

(xxiii) Clothes 36

37

Be yourself 38


1

Don’t dress down 2

3

Dress for age / 4

5

Profession appropriate 6

7

Acquire special identification clothes 8

9

Dress with colors that are distinct from the background, i.e., 10

dark background – don’t wear a dark jacket. Wear a 11

contrasting colored shirt. 12

13

e. The Platform 14

15

(i) Should have pleasing background. 16

17

(ii) Should be no guests on the platform 18

19

(iii) Should not sit facing audience. 20

The talk begins from the moment they see you. 21

22

(iv) Don’t fidget with clothes or hair, no flipping hair 23

24

(v) Don’t be afraid to be informal, lean on the podium, sit on a stool, 25

put hands in pocket. (When appropriate and serves a 26

purpose). 27

28

(vi) Sit down in front, order to come up to the podium fresh. 29

30

(vii) Be more interested in what you saying than how you appear. 31

32

Prepare to look sharp before you arrive to speak. 33

34

If you get excited about your subject, the audience will too. 35

36

(viii) Don’t let how you dress disgrace from your message. 37

38

Show respect 39


1

Be informal when needed. 2

3

Don’t let your dress hog attention. 4

5

Are you more interested in what you are saying or how you 6

appear? (both ARE important). 7

8

(ix) Pretend that you talking to someone in the back. 9

10

Speak to the same individuals to avoid scanning the audience. 11

12

Take charge. 13

14

(x) There are no small audiences, just small speakers. 15

There are no boring subjects, just boring speakers. 16

17

(xi) If speaking outdoors, have something to hold your notes down 18

(so they don’t blow away). 19

20

Example – in Austin, TX day of prayer, I used a notebook with 21

front loading plastic protector sheets. 22

23

(xii) Be sensitive to those who are running the auditorium. 24

25

(xiii) Podium size. 26

27

(xiv) Movement 28

29

(xv) If on platform before delivering talk 30

31

Don’t appear self-conscious (adjusting your tie, hair, etc.) 32

33

Be inconspicuous 34

35

Sit like you are in control; smile, laugh, little quip, nod head 36

(approval, disapproval); write note 37

38

Legs; crossing your legs 39


1

Don’t talk during performance of others 2

3

Look at emcee, singers, etc. 4

5

Stand when a lady come on the platform 6

7

(xvi) Room set-up 8

9

Center aisle when possible 10

11

Front chairs rounded off, not straight 12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

C. Mental Aspects of Delivery 22

23

1. Memory – also memorize transitions 24

25

a. Write out illustrations before they are presented. 26

27

b. Memorize quotes, statistics, poems, key phrases, and opening 28

lines 29

30

(i) How does it affect me? 31

32

(ii) Repetition 33

34

(iii) Association 35

36

(iv) Visualization 37

38


c. Memorize: 1st paragraph 1

2

(i) Repetition 3

4

Concentration 5

6

Word association 7

8

Outline 9

10

Impression 11

12

d. Visualize entire talk…every move, every facial expression 13

14

2. Convictions 15

16

a. Be informed of your position as well as your opponent’s. 17

18

b. Speak with the authority that the Holy Spirit gives. Clear 19

Conscience. 20

21

c. Use your personal convictions. 22

23

d. Relate content to your life’s goal. 24

25

e. Relate content to your personal strategy. 26

27

3. Attitudes…a great privilege to be invited. 28

29

a. Like begets like. 30

31

“…if we are interested in our audience, there is a likelihood that our 32

audience will be interested in us.” (Professor Overstreet, Influencing 33

Human Nature) 34

35

b. People are easily offended, be careful of humor. 36

37

c. Out of 3,000, 56% of communication is attitude (non-verbal) 38

37% is behavior 39


Only 7% is words 1

2

d. Act confident, like everybody owes you money, and they are 3

begging you to extend the credit. 4

5

e. Never begin with an apology. 6

7

f. One speaker often is judged to be better than another because 8

of their different moods. 9

10

The better speakers are enthusiastic, energetic, alive and full of 11

vitality. 12

13

g. Humility – always someone who knows a little bit more! 14

15

h. Love 16

17

i. Respect, but disagree – you are nothing but an imbecile; that is 18

dumb 19

20

j. Conviction 21

22

k. Respect others’ rights – don’t downgrade a person, but what 23

they say 24

25

l. Their decision – invitation. 26

27

D. Style 28

29

1. Enthusiasm 30

31

a. People enjoy those who are: 32

33

(i) Enthusiastic 34

35

(ii) Energetic 36

37

(iii) Alive 38

39


(iv) Full of vitality 1

2

b. There are no boring subjects, just boring speakers. Educators 3

need to be better communicators. 4

5

c. Ask yourself, “Why should they listen to me?” 6

7

d. Talk as in a chat, but with more force 8

9

e. Mannerism is as important as words: cocky, proud, scared 10

11

f. Run to the podium: if you are excited about your audience (and 12

your message), your audience will be excited about you (and your 13

message). 14

15

2. Confidence 16

17

a. Communication is: 18

56% attitude 19

37% behavior 20

7% words 21

22

b. What people look for in a speaker is: 23

24

(i) Loyalty 25

26

(ii) Integrity 27

28

(iii) Convictions 29

30

(iv) Credibility 31

32

(v) Dedication 33

34

(vi) Confidence 35

36

(vii) Sincerity – look in their eyes 37

38

39


c. The above are communicated: 1

2

(i) Physically 3

4

(ii) Visually 5

6

(iii) Vocally 7

8

d. Creating Confidence 9

10

(i) Poise in delivery 11

12

(ii) Relevant subject 13

14

(iii) Knowledge of the subject 15

16

(iv) Conviction – do you believe in it? 17

18

Do you believe in what you are doing? 19

20

Or are you just acting? 21

22

(University of Oklahoma – Communist recruiter) 23

24

(v) Knowing your audience 25

26

Carlton College – Heterosexual 27

Beirut, Lebanon – Islamic University – “I’m an evangelical 28

Christian,” “I am an American.” 29

30

(vi) Be aware of the make-up of your audience. 31

32

(vii) Being yourself (Carlton College) 33

34

(viii) Filled with the Holy Spirit 35

36

(ix) Personally experiencing the subject 37

38

39


“A man with an argument is at the mercy of a man with an 1

experience.” 2

3

e. Feel free to entertain. 4

5

f. Each person has their own style. 6

7

Don’t ever change it, but make it more effective. 8

9

(i) Bing Crosby 10

Red Skelton 11

Johnny Carson 12

Merv Griffin 13

Bob Hope 14

George Burns 15

Phil Donahue 16

17

(ii) All are unique, but have something in common. 18

19

g. Be so interested in what you are saying so that the audience is 20

interested in your subject. 21

22

h. Tiredness: one speaker better than another? 23

24

Vitality, aliveness, enthusiasm, energetic 25

26

i. Smile (gets confidence) 27

28

“I’m glad I’m here!” 29

Chinese Proverb – “He who cannot smile ought not to keep shop.” 30

31

j. People don’t learn boring information; make material interesting, 32

informative, and motivating – ask self questions. 33

34

3. Attitudes 35

36

a. Interest in them – interest in you 37

38

b. If you love them, they will probably love you 39


1

c. If you are excited about them (your message), they will be excited 2

about you (your message). 3

4

4. Choice of Words 5

6

a. Always look up questionable pronunciations. 7

8

b. Use metaphors. Be sure you are contemporary. 9

10

c. Don’t repeat clichés. 11

12

d. Be cautious about big words. 13

14

e. Read the dictionary and encyclopedias (I’ve read the entire 15

Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary three times). 16

17

f. Avoid repetitious words, strive for variety. 18

19

g. Explain big words for didactic purposes. 20

21

h. Be aware of bad habits that you might have grown up with. 22

23

i. Pause after key statements to let them sink in 24

25

j. Repeat the correct information as soon as you realize you have 26

made a mistake. 27

28

k. Communicators should achieve two qualities of language. 29

30

(i) Clarity 31

32

(ii) Vividness 33

34

l. Words and phrases to avoid 35

36

(i) Never use a metaphor, simile, or other figure which you are used 37

to seeing in print. 38

39


(ii) Never use a long word when a short word will do 1

2

(iii) If it is possible to cut a word out, always cut it out. 3

4

(iv) Never use a passive phrase when you can use an active 5

phrase 6

7

(v) Never use a foreign phrase, scientific word, or a jargon word in 8

you can think of an everyday equivalent in English. 9

10

(vi) Excessive use of slang is tiresome and deadly. 11

12

(vii) Mass language style 13

14

Cool, turkey, neat, straight, chick, and get down 15

16

Clichés – words or phrases robbed of their effectiveness and 17

meaning through overuse. 18

19

m. Specific words 20

21

(i) Instead of a “Western state,” say “Idaho.” 22

23

(ii) Instead of a “comedian,” say “Bob Hope.” 24

25

n. Consider the emotional implication of words. 26

27

o. If you’re inspired, your audience will be inspired 28

29

No small audiences – only small speakers 30

31

No boring subjects – only boring speakers 32

33

p. What is Evidence? 34

35

(i) Personal story 36

37

(ii) Analogy / comparison 38

39


(iii) Expert opinion 1

2

(iv) Example 3

4

(v) Statistics / facts 5

6

(vi) Biblical Insights 7

8

q. Think on your feet (e.g., parachutist) (Christ is coming back) 9

10

r. Agitators (taking fire out) 11

12

(i) Know people 13

14

(ii) Seek agreement 15

16

(iii) Say their name 17

18

E. Helpful Suggestions 19

20

1. Talk begins when you walk into the room. 21

22

2. Be vulnerable. 23

24

3. The Constitution guarantees the freedom of speech, but does not 25

guarantee an audience. 26

27

4. Think on your feet. 28

29

5. Man who makes no mistakes does not really make anything 30

31

6. Practice with critique. 32

33

7. Own comfort zone. 34

35

36

37

38

39


VII. The Audience and Special Situations 1

2

A. Charts 3

4

1. Few words – simple graphics 5

Review 6

7

2. Look – turn – talk. Don’t speak with a pair of eyes 8

9

a. Don’t talk to the chart 10

11

b. Don’t talk without a pair of eyes 12

13

3. Don’t phase in and out 14

15

B. Debate, Forums or Symposiums 16

17

1. Know your opponent’s position as well as your own. Be a master of 18

the subject – confidence. 19

20

2. Emphasize your strongest point and his weakest point. 21

22

3. Strive to win the audience, not the opponent. 23

24

4. Let your opponent see your reactions. 25

26

5. Debate secular issues. 27

28

6. In the rebuttal, give your testimony. 29

30

7. Note preparation (color coded) 31

32

C. Question and Answer Periods 33

34

1. Identify the subject 35

36

2. You ask a question first 37

38

a. Make it non-threatening 39


1

b. Don’t ask for agreement 2

3

c. Make it broad enough to get a substantial response 4

5

(i) How many of you share my concern? 6

7

(ii) How many of you feel this is an important subject? 8

9

3. Put your hand in the air just before you ask for another question 10

11

4. Each question should: 12

13

a. Repeat 14

15

(i) In order to buy time to formulate your answer 16

17

(ii) In order for entire audience to hear question 18

19

b. Rephrase 20

21

(i) To clarify or simplify 22

23

(ii) To diffuse or de-emotionalize 24

25

You don’t want to legitimize the statement 26

27

Don’t repeat emotional words 28

29

o Aren’t you really being presumptuous? Not everyone has 30

heard about Jesus! Don’t you think you are being a little 31

arrogant? 32

33

o “Fat Cat” 34

35

o “Ripping people off” 36

37

o “Profiteering” 38


1

o “Manipulating” 2

3

o “Misuse of funds” 4

5

c. Relate back to initial subject 6

7

5. Eye-to-eye contact with person asking the question 8

9

6. Break eye contact with questioner after he/she asks the question. 10

11

7. After the question is asked, it becomes the audience’s question – 12

give the answer to the entire audience. 13

14

8. Be well informed and love your audience. 15

16

a. First names – more personal 17

18

9. When you don’t know an answer, tell the audience you don’t 19

know…then go find the answer. 20

21

a. People are skeptical of those who know everything. 22

23

10. Especially avoid overstatements. Don’t wing it. 24

25

Dogmatism – “all, everyone,” etc. 26

Better – “many” 27

28

JESUS is the only way! 29

30

11. After the first few meetings, you have answered most of the 31

questions that will be asked of you. 32

33

a. Same question – new individual 34

35

b. Often an attitude will win more to Christ than an answer. 36

37

12. Don’t be evasive if you’re in a corner. Admit mistakes. 38

39


13. Organize your answer. 1

2

a. Take the time to pace yourself. Develop a disciplined way of 3

saying things. 4

5

b. Formulate a quick outline of one or two points so that the 6

audience knows that you’re headed in a certain direction. 7

8

c. 2-3 points. Three reasons why a person listening to you knows 9

where you are headed – more prone to be quiet – let me touch on the 10

other two reasons – base response on authoritative evidence 11

source. 12

13

14. Rephrase, questions, e.g., about the heathen 14

15

15. Back up your answers with concrete sources – books, quotes, etc. 16

17

16. Don’t hesitate to apologize if you’ve offended someone. 18

19

17. In hostile situations, make sure it is your convictions, and not your 20

ego that is coming out. Show humility with firmness. 21

22

18. Often an attitude will win more to your side than an answer. The 23

audience won’t remember your answer, but they will remember 24

your attitude. 25

26

19. If an antagonist gets to you, don’t let him know it. Walk away. 27

Look away. 28

29

20. Be sensitive but firm to those who want to dominate the 30

questioning. Hog time – someone wants to take all the time. 31

32

21. Love: Be kind; stand in an unthreatened manner. 33

34

22. Agree to disagree 35

36

a. Paul / Barnabas – Mark 37

38

b. Ego or convictions? Searching after truth 39


1

c. Humility with firmness 2

3

d. Apologize 4

5

e. I disagree – tell why – Dixon 6

7

f. Calgary, UT – Woman; B.G. – Oklahoma; Rochester 8

9

23. Audience with your notes, PowerPoint, illustrations, etc. 10

11

a. Get their e-mail 12

13

b. Make physical copies available 14

15

c. Provide information on your website to view or download 16

17

D. Interviews 18

19

1. Meet ahead of time 20

21

2. Set up 22

23

a. Purpose 24

25

b. Timing 26

27

c. Format 28

29

3. High level of energy – higher than the interviewer. 30

31

4. First-name basis – use often 32

33

5. Host state in broad sense – give the bigger picture 34

35

E. Free Speech 36

37

1. Come on fast and strong. 38

39


2. Project your voice. 1

2

3. Don’t pause when the audience is antagonistic 3

4

4. Be shocking to get their attention 5

6

F. Banquets 7

8

1. They always run long 9

10

a. Canada – tape 11

12

b. Chicago – bathroom 13

14

c. YFC – Vancouver, WA 15

16

d. If a fundraiser – promote host and identify with their cause. 17

18

(i) Explain value of the cause and (if true) how it has affected you and 19

how it will affect kids and their families. 20

21

2. Be prepared for flexible time of speaking. 22

23

3. Never put down the host in difficult situations. 24

25

4. Be sensitive to the audience’s comfort. Don’t make them sit too 26

long without a break. 27

28

G. Churches 29

30

1. Be honest about your convictions in promoting another 31

organization. If you can’t endorse something, don’t. 32

33

2. Get to the church early to meet people. 34

35

3. Remember names. 36

37

4. Find out if they have a special theme/emphasis for the year. 38

39


5. Use of equipment…be very careful. 1

2

6. Write notes of appreciation. 3

4

7. Be sensitive to dress. 5

6

8. Be time conscious, especially with multiple services. Same is true 7

of keynote talks, conferences. 8

9

H. Conferences 10

11

I. Classrooms 12

13

1. Don’t enter classroom until the professor or teacher arrives. 14

15

2. Method of lining up classrooms. 16

17

3. Speaking in classrooms. 18

19

4. Follow-up. 20

21

5. Look at professor where there is agreement. 22

23

a. Refer to him / her and not agree, also 24

25

b. Compliment 26

27

J. Interviews 28

29

K. Music Groups 30

31

1. Let them know you are willing not to sing if they are willing not to 32

preach. 33

34

2. Have the host communicate with them in sensitive situations. 35

36

L. Feedback 37

38

1. Comment Cards 39


1

2. Applause 2

3

3. Compliments that you receive 4

5

4. The grapevine 6

7

5. Changes in the audience’s behavior 8

9

6. Crowd attendance 10

11

7. Questions and answers 12

13

a. Let them ask you questions. 14

15

b. You ask them questions. 16

17

8. Staff give you all negative comments, notes, letters, e-mails, etc. 18

The positive ones are nice, but the negative are educational. 19

20

9. Don’t read anonymous letters, etc. 21

22

10. You will rarely get a negative comment or letter from a Christian 23

written “in love” (I Corinthians) 24

25

11. Don’t write a critical letter without fully understanding the 26

situation. Write an inquisitive letter to clarify. 27

28

M. How to Handle Hecklers – SPECIAL HINTS 29

30

1. Be firm but flexible. 31

32

2. Retain a sense of humor, but do not interpret everything as if you 33

were a comedian. 34

35

3. Show no anger, but do not be afraid to stand up and face your 36

audience vigorously and forcefully. 37

38

4. Maintain self-control. 39


1

5. Take advantage of opportunities offered by events that occur while 2

you speak. 3

4

6. Stay with your speech by refusing to be “jockeyed” out of position. 5

6

7. Do not ask questions or opinions of your hecklers when replying to 7

them. They will only argue with you. 8

9

8. Give short, direct, vigorous, and specific replies. 10

11

9. When questions come fast and furiously, point to one person to 12

ask his question while signaling for the others to be quiet so you 13

can answer. 14

15

Try to direct the audience’s attention to the person who is questioning 16

(and heckling). 17

18

An audience will usually be courteous to one of its own members. This 19

will give the speaker a chance. 20

21

10. Whenever the opportunity comes to flatten a heckler verbally, give 22

him both barrels with a triple charge of powder. 23

24

11. Do not answer more than two questions at a time from one person. 25

Give others a chance to be heard. 26

27

12. Do not argue with a heckler; switch to someone who has a 28

question. 29

30

13. If the session gets too rough, frankly ask the audience to give you 31

a chance – appeal to their sense of fair play. 32

33

14. When the heckling gets loud, stop completely, wait calmly until 34

quiet returns, then quietly and definitively answer a question or 35

resume your speech. 36

37

Do not attempt to talk louder than your heckler. 38

39


N. Sound Systems 1

2

1. Always check the mike first. Check ahead of time. 3

4

2. Put it on ahead of time if possible. Adjust neck mike. 5

6

3. Don’t make negative statements about the mike in public. 7

8

4. Find out if it is a directional or a non-directional mike. Check 9

distance to speak into. 10

11

5. If you use a hand-held mike, try to make it look inconspicuous. 12

13

O. Visual aids 14

15

1. Be large enough to be seen. 16

17

P. Speaker’s Library 18

19

1. If you visualize your career as one requiring effective language, 20

you will find the following books or eBooks essential. The list under 21

each heading is designed to be helpful, but not exhaustive. 22

23

a. College level dictionary 24

25

(i) The American Heritage Dictionary 26

27

(ii) The Random House College Dictionary 28

29

(iii) Webster’s New Dictionary 30

31

If your interest is historical, you will want to know about Webster’s 32

Biographical Dictionary. If your interest is geographical, you will find 33

Webster’s Geographical Dictionary helpful. 34

35

b. A Thesaurus. Titles vary. 36

37

(i) Roget’s Thesaurus in Dictionary Form 38

39


(ii) The New American Roget’s College Thesaurus in Dictionary Form 1

2

You will probably prefer the “dictionary form” style to Roget’s original 3

style, but bookstores handle both sorts, so look for yourself. 4

5

c. A book of synonyms 6

7

(i) Webster’s New Dictionary of Synonyms 8

9

(ii) Merriam-Webster Pocket Dictionary of Synonyms, abridged, 10

paperback 11

12

d. A book of quotations 13

14

(i) Bartlett’s Familiar Quotations 15

16

(ii) Penguin Dictionary of Modern Quotations 17

18

e. A Fact Book 19

20

(i) Information Please Almanac 21

22

(ii) World Almanac 23

24

(iii) Hammond Almanac 25

26

2. You can find all of the above on the Internet. 27

28


APPENDIX A 1

2

TRAVEL TIPS 3

4

1. International Travel 5

6

2. Packing 7

8

a. Roll 9

10

b. Use plastic 11

12

c. Travel adapters 13

14

3. Hotel Room 15

16

a. Each day partially make your bed 17

18

b. Hang towels 19

20

c. Combine trash 21

22

d. Leave notes for the cleaning staff 23

24

4. When you leave at the end of your stay… 25

26

a. Partially make bed 27

28

b. Pile all towels together 29

30

c. Combine trash 31

32


APPENDIX B 1

2

POWER POINT 3

4

1. How to create 5

6

2. How to use 7

8

3. How to document 9

10


APPENDIX C 1

2

PROMOTIONS 3

4

5

1. TRUTH: Ability without visibility = 0 6

7

You need to market yourself! 8

9

2. PR 10

11

3. How to optimize TV appearances (Josh) 12

13

4. Getting endorsements from others (potential hosts want to know what 14

others think of you) 15

16

5. Doing interviews 17

18

6. Get copies of all your talks / interviews 19

20

7. Multi-task marketing 21

22

8. Media & Technology 23

a. Website 24

b. Facebook 25

c. Twitter 26

d. Blogs 27

e. Skype 28

f. YouTube 29

g. Podcast 30

h. New technologies 31

32

9. Graphic design 33

34

10. How to handle / disarm an antagonistic interviewer on radio / TV 35

36


APPENDIX D 1

2

LEADERSHIP 3

4

1. Wisdom – how to know when a good thing runs its course 5

6

2. Motivating people – creating a creative environment 7

8

3. Listen to alternatives 9

10

4. Listen to potential 11

12

5. Ask what is right – not that which is conventional or popular (Bush – 13

late term abortions) 14

15

6. Express appreciation 16

17


APPENDIX E 1

2

PERSONAL FINANCES 3

4

1. Budget. 5

6

2. Pay your bills. 7

8

3. Keep in reserves six months of living expenses. 9

10

4. Don’t go to bed worrying about your financial challenges (Philippians 11

4:6-7, 19). 12

13

5. Get help on handling your personal finances (Dave Ramsey seminars, 14

excellent product books – i.e., Ethan Pope). 15

16


APPENDIX F 1

2

PERSONAL GROWTH 3

4

1. Personal integrity 5

6

2. How to maintain your personal spiritual growth and walk with Christ 7

on the road. 8

9

3. Accountability 10

11

4. Taking risks – having the courage to fail 12

13

5. Being a good listener 14

15

6. How to recharge your batteries 16

17

7. Know yourself – strengths AND weaknesses 18

19


APPENDIX G 1

2

FAMILY 3

4

1. Never put your family before your ministry…your family IS YOUR 5

FIRST MINISTRY! 6

7

2. Take children with you and build in extra time with them. 8

9

3. Arrange activities when traveling. 10

11

4. Plan time together. 12

13

5. Be sensitive to your spouse. 14

15


APPENDIX H 1

2

PERSONAL HEALTH 3

4

1. Annual physical. 5

6

2. Exercise. 7

8

3. Sleeping on the road. 9

10

4. Nutrition. 11

12


APPENDIX I 1

2

KEEPING CURRENT WITH DONORS 3

4

1. Keep current with reports. 5

6

2. Telephone / e-mail. 7

8

3. Plan special outings (men’s events, etc.). 9

10

4. VAPS: Very Appreciated People (not VIP’s). 11

12

5. Sent notes on unique, eye-catching, easy to remember items (airplane 13

tags, motion sickness bags, notes, etc.). 14

15


APPENDIX J 1

2

WHEN LISTENING…TAKE NOTES 3

4

1. Help to remember key information. 5

6

2. Remember your own ideas. 7

8

3. Remember action points to be taken by you or others. 9

10


APPENDIX K 1

2

PREPARING YOUR TWO-MINUTE TESTIMONY: 3

4

All speakers should be prepared to share their story. It should include how you 5

came to know who Jesus is, your personal need for Christ, how you committed 6

your life to Jesus, and the difference Christ has made in your daily life. In the 7

schools it’s important to make sure your testimony can cross cultures. 8

9

It is best to write out an outline of your testimony. There are four steps to 10

prepare your personal story: 11

12

1. What your life was like before you met Christ. 13

14

What common circumstances would a Jamaican student identify with? What 15

were your attitudes that a Jamaican could identify with? What was the most 16

important to you? What substitute for God di you use to find meaning in your 17

life? (sports/fitness, success at work, marriage, sex, making money, 18

drugs/alcohol, entertainment) 19

20

Before I received Christ 21

22

What was my life like before I accepted Christ? Use an attention getting 23

first sentence. Describe it in a way that communicates well to your 24

audience. Don’t use religious terminology (i.e., “sinner,” “Saved). Consider 25

the following questions: 26

o What was my motivation in life? 27

o What gave me security or happiness? 28

o What did I believe about God? 29

o How did those beliefs and securities begin to break down? 30

31

2. How you realized you needed Christ. 32

33

What significant steps led up to your conversion? What needs, hurts or 34

problems made you dissatisfied with the way you were living without God? 35

How did God get your attention? What motivated you? 36

37

38

39


How I received Christ 1

2

Consider the following questions 3

o When was the first time I heard the gospel? 4

o What were my initial reactions? 5

6

3. How you committed your life to Christ. 7

8

What specifically did you do to step across the line? Where did it happen? 9

What did you say in your prayer? Be specific and avoid “churchy” phrase 10

such as alter, at the invitation, asked Jesus to come into my heart, prayed the 11

sinner’s prayers, etc. 12

13

4. The difference it has made in my life. 14

15

What benefits have you experienced or felt? What problems have been 16

resolved? How has Jesus helped you change for the better? How has it 17

helped your relationships? 18

19

After I received Christ (or game Him complete control of my life) 20

21

Consider the following questions: 22

o Specific changes I’ve seen in my life (attitudes and actions) since 23

becoming a Christian (include a personal illustration) 24

o Why am I motivated differently? How does my relationship with 25

Christ affect my decisions regarding activities, relationships, and my 26

decision to serve the Lord full-time? 27

28

Examine Your Testimony 29

30

When you have completed writing out the outline of your testimony, read it out 31

loud and ask yourself: Does it communicate what I really mean to say? 32

33

Have I made my testimony too pastoral, or used “church words” – words 34

only a believer will understand, such as “sinner” or “repented”? Will an 35

interpreter have trouble with any of the words? 36

37

Is there a basic Gospel message somewhere – that Jesus was sent by God 38

to die for our sins, and that He rose again? 39


1

Have I emphasized Christ in my life, rather than my life before Christ? 2

3

Can your listeners relate to this story if they are coming from a different 4

worldview? 5

6

Avoid idioms, slang or long phrases a translator may struggle with (if giving 7

in a foreign land). 8

9

Don’t talk about money or cultural taboos they might not understand or 10

respect (if giving in a foreign land). 11

12

Don’t refer to geography within the US or your country (if giving in a foreign 13

land). 14

15


APPENDIX L 1

2

PRACTICE PAGES 3

4

5

Anthony Muñoz. 6

7

Anthony Muñoz – Cincinnati Bengals. Was pre-season favorite to be 8

Offensive Lineman of the Year. To be previewed in an article. 9

Hypothetically pitted against Howie Long of the Oakland Raiders (chosen 10

as pre-season Defensive Lineman). This would mean high visibility. In a 11

crucial year – he would be negotiating and signing a new contract at the 12

end of the year. The extra attention would surely help. 13

14

One problem – the article would appear in / Playboy Magazine. Question / 15

would he stay true to God and refuse the interview as he believe God 16

would want him to do? Or would he compromise his standard just this 17

once to build his own name? 18

19

Anthony refused the contract and someone else was chosen to do the 20

interview. 21

22

P.S. The Bengals had a lousy year. Anthony was injured in the sixth game 23

of the season, and played hurt the rest of the year. The Bengals received 24

no national TV exposure. 25

26

Despite these things, Anthony was name All-Pro for the 7th consecutive 27

year and Offensive Lineman of the Year for the 3rd consecutive year. He 28

went on to become the highest paid offensive lineman in the history of the 29

NFL. 30

31


He Became the Highest Paid Offensive Lineman in the History of the 1

NFL 2

3

Archie Griffin, Ohio St. 4

5

Freshman year at OSU, the 1st two games were at home. Archie was 5th 6

team tailback. They let him dress out for the first game, but didn’t have 7

room at the team hotel, so he stayed in the dorm. In the game Archie didn’t 8

expect to see any playing time….he had been running with the scout team 9

in practice. With 2 minutes to go in the game, they called his name. He got 10

in and they gave him the ball. He saw a hole big enough to drive a truck 11

through. He headed for the hole and promptly fumbled the ball and the 12

defense recovered. That was his only play. After the game, Archie was 13

very dejected and down. He went to his dad, who reminded him Archie had 14

place his faith in Christ long ago – and Jesus wouldn’t let him down. 15

16

The 2nd game was the same in that Archie dressed out, but stayed at the 17

dorm again. He prayed before the game that he’d get to play, and that he 18

would please the Lord, not the crowd. In the middle of the first quarter, the 19

coach called his name. Archie couldn’t believe it. He rushed out without 20

his helmet in his haste. He returned for the helmet and got into the game. 21

Over the next 2 ½ quarters Archie Griffin set new Ohio State and Big 10 22

rushing records – a fifth team tailback. As he left the field, in front of 23

100,000 cheering fans, Archie knelt and thanked Jesus Christ before doing 24

anything else. 25

26

He then committed to raise his finger to the sky whenever he had a good 27

run. Not #1 for Archie Griffen, but #1 for Jesus Christ. Archie went on to 28

win 2 Heisman trophies. The only player in history to accomplish that feat. 29

30


JOAN OF ARC – COURAGEOUS FAITH 1

as told by Howard Hendricks, KC ’83. 2

3

In the first part of the 20th century, a French peasant maid by the name of 4

Joan of Arc was called upon to save the country from its enemies. And 5

with her sacred sword, her conservative banner, and her belief in her 6

mission, she swept her enemies before her. 7

8

She sent a thrill of enthusiasm through the French army such as neither 9

king nor statesman could produce. 10

11

On one occasion, she said to one of the generals, “I’ll lead the men over 12

the wall.” 13

14

The general said, “But no man will follow you.” 15

16

She said, “I won’t bother to look back to find out if anybody is following me.” 17

18

But they did. And she saved her country from the British and then fell into 19

their hands. While the fires were being lighted around the stake at which 20

this 19-year-old French peasant maid of Orleans was to be burned alive, 21

she was given a chance to regain her liberty by denying what she believed. 22

23

Choosing fire above freedom, this is what she said: 24

25

“Every man gives his life for what he believes. Every woman gives her life 26

for what she believes. Sometimes people believe in little or nothing. And 27

yet, they give their lives to that little or nothing. 28

29

One life is all we have and we live it and then it’s gone. But to surrender 30

what you are and live without belief is more terrible than dying, even more 31

terrible than dying young. 32

33

But there is a worse fate than living without belief; it is to live with a firm 34

commitment to that which, at the end of life, at the portals of eternity, turns 35

out to have betrayed you.” 36

37


The Magnificent Eleven 1

Eleven high school students in Minneapolis weren’t allowed to publish a 2

Christian Alternative in their school paper. They wanted to publish an 3

underground paper. The school was threatened by the ACLU, the school 4

threatened to expel the eleven students. Over 100 high school students a 5

month have come to the Lord as a result of the bravery of these students. 6

7

Charles Spurgeon: “The World has yet to see what God will do with one 8

man who truly believes Him.” 9

10

Dwight L. Moody – age 19, uneducated, unknown, heard Spurgeon’s 11

challenge. He prayed, “Lord, let me be that man.” Lord, I want to be your 12

man or woman, on my campus, in my fraternity or sorority, in my dorm. 13

This week we have built up in Jesus and challenged to be His man or 14

woman in a dying and lost world. Many of you have made decisions – 15

signed the “declaration.” “Before God I pledge to go anywhere and do 16

anything He wants me to do.” 17

18


C.T. Studd 1

A Tract Written by an Atheist 2

3

“Did I firmly believe as millions say they do, that the knowledge and 4

practice of religion in this life influences destiny in another religion would 5

mean to me everything. I would cast away earthly enjoyments and earthly 6

cares as follies and earthly thoughts and feelings as vanity. Religion would 7

be my first waking thought and my last image before sleep sank me into 8

unconsciousness. I should labour in its cause alone. I would esteem one 9

soul gained for heaven worth a life of suffering. Earthly consequences 10

should never stay my hand nor seal my lips. Earth, its joys and its grief’s 11

would occupy no moment of my thoughts. I would strive to look upon 12

eternity alone and on the immortal souls around me soon to be 13

everlastingly happy or everlastingly miserable. I would go forth to the world 14

and preach to it in season and out of season and my text would be what 15

shall it profit a man if he gains the whole world and loses his own soul? 16

17


PRAYER 1

2

Father God, we so desire to pass on Your values and Your truth to our 3

children. We want them to know You, to know that You have our best 4

interest at heart when You give us commands to obey You. 5

6

And right now, we want to confess that we haven’t always obeyed You like 7

we should. Forgive us of our selfish ways, of our dishonesty, our impure 8

thoughts, our unloving and critical attitudes, our impatient and unkind 9

words, and our unChristlike actions. Forgive us of our inconsistency and 10

the double standards we have lived before our kids. 11

12

As David prayed, “Don’t keep looking at my sins – erase them from your 13

sight. Create in me a new, clean heart, O God, filled with clean thoughts 14

and right desires. Restore to me again the joy of Your salvation and make 15

me willing to obey you.” (Psalm 51:9-12) 16

17

Father God, thank You for forgiving me. 18

19

Now, strengthen me with Your spirit to live a transparent, honest life before 20

my children. Give me the strength to confess my sins before them when I 21

fail. Give me the courage to seek their forgiveness today – forgiveness for 22

living inconsistently before them. And give me the wisdom to pass on Your 23

ways, Your truth, and Your values to my children day by day. 24

25

Amen. 26

27


On the Brink of Destruction 1

2

During this New Year’s weekend, the media is sober in it proclamation that 3

the world is hopelessly standing on the brink of its own destruction. The 4

nuclear clock has moved to 3 minutes before midnight. However, there is 5

“hope” as Billy Graham emphasized that our message is one of hope. 6

7

I am convinced that you, as students, future leaders, and influencers have 8

the responsibility of its proclamation. A movement of students whose lives 9

are rooted in Christ’s love and a compassion for the lost is our hope. Alone 10

we can have an impact, but together with the whole body of Christ, in the 11

unity of the Holy Spirit, we can see even a greater unleashing of God’s 12

power. Together, with God’s leading, we will be something stronger, 13

something more powerful than the might of all the nations of the earth. 14

15

There will be a cost, perhaps even a risk, but the opportunity to bring others 16

the hope of eternal life makes the cost look mighty pale in comparison. 17

18


PASTORS: Use Me! 1

2

The Christian family was and still is God’s primary vehicle for passing on to 3

our children such things as truth, character, moral bearings, and the 4

strength to stand firm in what they believe. 5

6

It’s not the church’s responsibility, or the Christian school’s responsibility, or 7

the public school’s responsibility or even the Youth Pastor’s responsibility. 8

9

It is the family’s responsibility: more specifically, it is the parent’s 10

responsibility. (Deuteronomy 6:4-9) 11

12

The reason that so many of our evangelical youth have problems with 13

their moral compass isn’t because of the message that they are getting 14

from the world, but rather, because of the mixed messages that they get 15

from their parents. 16

17

THIS IS THE HEART OF THE PROBLEM!! 18

When parents try to apply standards of right and wrong to their children’s 19

lives and circumstances, but step around those same standards in their 20

own lives and circumstances, they teach their children that there are no 21

absolutes by default. 22

23

Our example and involvement as parents in our children’s lives has more 24

influence over our children than does the world. I am convinced that the 25

battle for moral absolutes in the lives of our own children is not won or lost 26

in the classroom, city council room, Board of Education room, concert hall, 27

movie theater, or any other place in society but rather in our own 28

evangelical homes. It’s there that the individual battles for the moral values 29

of the children suffer the greatest loss or the most significant gain. 30

Involvement in our children’s lives…of three specific dimensions. 31

32

First is time, 33

Second is example, 34

Third is personal involvement. 35

36

When you get next to most kids, they will tell you that what they want 37

from mom and dad is… 38

39


Their time 1

Their example 2

Their personal involvement. 3

4

Experience some life together in a shared activity. No lectures, no 5

agendas, no hassles, just time to be together. It’s during these times that 6

some of the most profound teachable moments occur naturally. They are 7

not planned, but they are a conscious effort. 8

9

They want to know someone who knows how to figure out right from wrong, 10

someone who knows first-hand how to apply it to the circumstances of 11

life…and will help them learn how to do it as well. 12

13

Hebrews 10:24-25 tells us, in essence, to “figure out” how to stimulate one 14

another to love and good deeds. The principles of Matthew 18:6 and I 15

Corinthians 10:32 where it talks about causing little ones to sin…and others 16

to stumble. But as parents, we will have to give an account for the 17

stumbling blocks we put in their way! Parents themselves need to be 18

called back to their own moral revival. 19

20

When a youth pastor tries to tell a parent that the reason their son or 21

daughter may be experimenting with sex, alcohol, drugs, cheating, or other 22

inappropriate behavior is because of their (the parent’s) example. They 23

usually get brushed off, verbally attacked or patronized. The response 24

comes back, “Well, you just wait until your kids get this age and then you’ll 25

see that it’s not so cut and dry.” 26

27

OR… 28

29

“I can’t wait until your kids get this age and then you’ll see how you do.” 30

31

The most vicious attacks I’ve encountered in all my ministry have been 32

over this issue. 33

34

…Challenge parents to brokenness…To experience a brokenness...accept 35

their shortcomings, allow God to forgive, reconcile, and empower us to be 36

the models, mentors, and teachers our children need. 37

38

Where have I failed my children by example? 39


What habits or attitudes do I possess that are contrary to Scriptural 1

principles? 2

How do my financial priorities, leisure priorities, work priorities, and church 3

priorities reflect Scriptural priorities and values? 4

Where do I lack wisdom and understanding? 5

Where do I lack strength? 6

I can learn to be and do differently. 7

8

COMMITMENT 9

10

A daily growing relationship with Christ. 11

An accountability relationship with: 12

Prioritizing time with family – helping each one. 13

Prioritizing the spiritual development of our children. 14

…the vertical side of the process (parent to God) 15

…the interpersonal side (parent to children) 16

17

18

19

20

21

22

ycs- josh speaking notes

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intellectual integrity

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basic method of persuasion

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