World Climates World Climates (GG42,43,51,52)(GG42,43,51,52)• Mathematical delineating (afgrenzen) Mathematical delineating (afgrenzen)

of climates; by using lines of latitude of climates; by using lines of latitude (GG42): 3 zones , see fig 3.14 (GG)(GG42): 3 zones , see fig 3.14 (GG)

• Thermal boundaries/delineating of Thermal boundaries/delineating of climate zones( G43 and G51 Köppen); climate zones( G43 and G51 Köppen); using isothermsusing isotherms

• Köppen; see fig 3.24 (GG51)World map Köppen; see fig 3.24 (GG51)World map of climate according to Köppen: 5 zonesof climate according to Köppen: 5 zones

• Have you ever wondered why one area of Have you ever wondered why one area of the world is a desert, another a grassland, the world is a desert, another a grassland, and another a rainforest? Why are there and another a rainforest? Why are there different forests and deserts, and why are different forests and deserts, and why are there different types of life in each area? there different types of life in each area? The answer is cl... The answer is cl...

Köppen Climate Köppen Climate Classification SystemClassification System

• The Köppen Climate Classification System is The Köppen Climate Classification System is the mostthe most widely used for classifying the widely used for classifying the world's climates. world's climates.

• Most classification systems used today are Most classification systems used today are based on the one introduced in 1900 by the based on the one introduced in 1900 by the Russian-German climatologist Wladimir Russian-German climatologist Wladimir

Köppen.Köppen.

Köppen Climate Köppen Climate Classification SystemClassification System

• Köppen divided the Earth's Köppen divided the Earth's surface into climatic regions that surface into climatic regions that generally coincided with world generally coincided with world patterns of v....... and s....patterns of v....... and s....

Köppen Climate Köppen Climate Classification SystemClassification System

• The Köppen system recognizes five major The Köppen system recognizes five major climate types. climate types.

A,B,C,D,EA,B,C,D,E

• Each type is designated by a capital Each type is designated by a capital letter.letter.

• f= no ...d... Seasonf= no ...d... Season

• w=w.....d... Seasonw=w.....d... Season

• s= s......d... Seasons= s......d... Season

(f, s, w only used in A, C and D climates)(f, s, w only used in A, C and D climates)

Köppen Climate Köppen Climate Classification System (G51 Classification System (G51 +G52)+G52)• AA - - Moist Tropical Climates are Moist Tropical Climates are

known for their high temperatures known for their high temperatures year round and for their large year round and for their large amount of year round rain.amount of year round rain.

TemperatureTemperature : isotherm of …C (c.m.) : isotherm of …C (c.m.) or p… line (Border A or p… line (Border A> ..)> ..)

Köppen Climate Köppen Climate Classification SystemClassification System

• BB - - Dry Climates are characterized Dry Climates are characterized by little rain and a huge daily by little rain and a huge daily temperature range. Two temperature range. Two subgroups, subgroups, S– semi arid S– semi arid or steppe, or steppe,

and and W- arid or desert W- arid or desert, are used , are used with the B climates.with the B climates.

• TemperatureTemperature: not considered!: not considered!

Köppen Climate Köppen Climate Classification SystemClassification System

•CC - I - In Humid Middle Latitude n Humid Middle Latitude Climates land/water differences play Climates land/water differences play a large part. These climates have a large part. These climates have warm,dry summers and cool, wet warm,dry summers and cool, wet

•winters.winters.

TemperatureTemperature: isotherm -3 C c.m: isotherm -3 C c.m

= De........ Tree line (Border: c<-> .)= De........ Tree line (Border: c<-> .)

Köppen Climate Köppen Climate Classification SystemClassification System• DD - - Continental Climates can be Continental Climates can be

found in the interior regions of found in the interior regions of large land masses. Total large land masses. Total precipitation is not very high and precipitation is not very high and seasonal tempera-tures (winter-seasonal tempera-tures (winter-summer) vary widely.summer) vary widely.

TemperatureTemperature: isotherm w.m. 10 C: isotherm w.m. 10 C

(Border D<-> …)(Border D<-> …)

Köppen Climate Köppen Climate Classification SystemClassification System

• EE - - Cold Climates describe this climate type Cold Climates describe this climate type perfectly. These climates are part of areas perfectly. These climates are part of areas where permanent ice and tundra are always where permanent ice and tundra are always present. Only about four months of the year present. Only about four months of the year have above freezing temperatureshave above freezing temperatures

• Temperature: w.m. < +10 CTemperature: w.m. < +10 C

Köppen Climate Köppen Climate Classification SystemClassification System

Further subgroups are designated by a Further subgroups are designated by a second,second,

• lower case letter lower case letter which distinguish specific which distinguish specific seasonal characteristics of temperature and seasonal characteristics of temperature and precipitation.precipitation.

as f, s, w (precipitation) : A, C, D climateas f, s, w (precipitation) : A, C, D climate

• Or Or capital letterscapital letters

S and W : B climate (Steppe and Desert)S and W : B climate (Steppe and Desert)

H , T , F : E climates (Highland, Tundra, Frost)H , T , F : E climates (Highland, Tundra, Frost)

Other info : See GG 51Other info : See GG 51

• What are the dominant climate zones What are the dominant climate zones of Asia?of Asia?

• According to lines of latitute? 3 According to lines of latitute? 3 zones:..zones:..

• Acording to the theral boundaries of Acording to the theral boundaries of Köppen : 5 zones ….Köppen : 5 zones ….

• What vegetations zones can be linked What vegetations zones can be linked to the climate zones of Köppento the climate zones of Köppen