world architecture 1900-2000 a critical mosaic ......executive and legislative complex, 1847-1926,...

WORLD ARCHITECTURE 1900-2000 A CRITICAL MOSAIC

VOLUME 1 CANADA AND THE UNITED STATES

General Editor: Kenneth Frampton Volume Editor: Richard Ingersoll

MM CHINA ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS

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CONTENTS

Complimentary Remarks by Sara Topelson de Grinberg, Past President of the International Union of Architects (UIA) XI

Complimentary Remarks by Vassilis Sgoutas, President of the International Union of Architects (UIA) XII

Complimentary Remarks by Ye Rutang, President of the Architectural Society of China (ASC) - A Record of 20th Century World Architecture XIII

General Introduction by Kenneth Frampton XIV

Introductory Essay-Twentieth-Century North American Architecture: technocratic prowess. historical legitimation and ecological resistance XVII by Richard Ingersoll

Editor's Acknowledgments LV

Selected Buildings (in chronological order of the years of completion) 1

1900-1919

Fuller (Flatiron) Building, New York, New York, USA, 1901-1903, arch. D. H. Burnham & Company 4 Old Faithful Inn, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA, 1903-1904/1913/1928, arch. Robert Reamer 6 Carson, Pirie, Scott, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 1899, 1903-1904, 1906, arch. Louis H. Sullivan 8 Larkin Building, Buffalo, New York, USA, 1902-1904 (demolished 1950), arch. Frank Lloyd Wright 10 Martin House, Buffalo, New York, USA, 1905-1906, arch. Frank Lloyd Wright 12 Windsor Station, Additions, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1900-1906 and 1909-1913,

arch. Edward Maxwell and W. S. Painter 14 Unity Temple, Oak Park, Illinois, USA, 1906-1908, arch. Frank Lloyd Wright 16 National Farmers' Bank Building, Owatonna, Minnesota, USA, 1907-1908, arch. Louis H. Sullivan 18 Gamble House, Pasadena, California, USA, 1907-1908, arch. Greene and Greene 20 Pennsylvania Station, New York, New York, USA, 1910 (demolished 1964), arch. McKim Mead & White 22 First Church of Christ Scientist, Berkeley, California, USA, 1909-1911, arch. Bernard Maybeck 24 Carl Schurz High School, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 1907-1910, arch. Dwight H. Perkins 26 Administration Building, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA, 1912, arch. Cram, Goodhue & Ferguson 28 Station Square and Greenway Terrace, Queens, New York, USA, 1912, arch. Grosvenor Atterbury

and Olmsted Brothers 30 Woolworth Building, New York, New York, USA, 1911-1913, arch. Cass Gilbert 32 Wrigley Field, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 1914, arch. Zachary Taylor Davis 34 Police and Fire Station No. 1, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1915, arch. Marius Dufresne 36 Horatio West Court Apartments, Santa Monica, California, USA, 1919, arch. Irving Gill 38

1920-1939

Hangar Number One, Lakehurst, New Jersey, USA, 1921, arch. U.S. Naval Air Station Chateau Frontenac, Additions, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, 1920-1924, arch. Edward Maxwell

and William Sutherland Maxwell

42

44

Glass Plant, Ford Motor Company, Dearbon, Michigan, USA, 1920-1922, arch. Albert Kahn, Inc. 46 Lovell Beach House, Newport Beach, California, USA, 1925-1926, arch. R.M. Schindler 48 Esherick House and Studio, Paoli, Pennsylvania, USA, 1926-1966, arch. Wharton Esherick 50 Christ the King Catholic Church, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, 1927, arch. Francis Barry Byrne 52 YWCA Metropolitan Headquarters Building, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA, 1927, arch. Julia Morgan 54 Pavilion Principal, Universite de Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1924-1944, arch. Ernest Cormier 56 333 North Michigan Building, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 1926-1928, arch. Holabird & Root 58 Lovell "Health" House, Los Angeles, California, USA, 1927-1929, arch. Richard Neutra 60 McGraw-Hill Building, New York, New York, USA, 1930-1931, arch. Raymond Hood, Godley & Fouilhoux 62 Kingswood School for Girls, North Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, USA, 1929-1931, arch. Eliel Saarinen 64 Nebraska State Capitol, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA, 1924-1932, arch. Bertram G. Goodhue and Associates 66 PSFS Building, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 1929-1932, arch. George Howe and William Lescaze 68 Rockefeller Center, New York, New York, USA, 1929-1939, arch. Associated Architects 70 Cincinnati Union Terminal, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, 1929-1933, arch. Alfred Fellheimer & Steward Wagner

with Roland Wank 72 Norris Dam, Norris, Tennessee, USA, 1933-1936, arch. Roland Wank , Tennessee Valley Authority 74 Fallingwater (Kaufmann House), Bear Run, Pennsylvania, USA, 1935-1936, arch. Frank Lloyd Wright 76 Gropius House, Lincoln, Massachusetts, USA, 1937, arch. Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer 80 Hanna House, Stanford, California, USA, 1936-1937, arch. Frank Lloyd Wright 84 S. C. Johnson & Son Administration Building, Racine, Wisconsin, USA, 1936-1939, arch. Frank Lloyd Wright 86

1940-1959

First Christian Church, Columbus, Indiana, USA, 1939-1942, arch. Eliel Saarinen 90 William Kellet House, 1939-1940, Menasha, Wisconsin, USA, arch. Keck & Keck 94 Havens House, Berkeley, California, USA, 1940-1942, arch. Harwin Hamilton Harris 96 B. C. Binning House, West Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 1941, arch. B. C. Binning with

R. A. D. Berwick and Charles E. Pratt 98 San Felipe Courts, Houston, Texas, USA, 1942,1944, arch. Associated Housing Architects 100 Case Study House #8, Pacific Palisades, California, USA, 1945-1949, arch.-Ray and Charles Eames 102 Glass House, New Canaan, Connecticut, USA, 1949, arch. Philip Johnson 104 Farnsworth House, Piano, Illinois, USA, 1945-1950, arch. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 108 Lever House, New York, New York, USA, 1950-1952, arch. Skidmore, Owings & Merrill 112 United Nations Headquarters, New York, New York, USA, 1947-1953, arch. Wallace K. Harrison

(director of planning) 114 Klee Square, Corpus Christi, Texas, USA, 1952-1953, arch. Cocke, Bowman & York 118 Crown Hall, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 1952-1954,

arch. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and C.F. Murphy Associates 120 Northland Regional Shopping Center, near Detroit, Michigan, USA, 1954, arch. Victor Gruen & Associates 122 Phyllis Wheatley Elementary School, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 1955, arch. Charles R. Colbert with

Mark P. Lowery, Sal C. Moschella and James T. Dent Associates 124 Canadian Government Printing Bureau, Hull, Quebec, Canada, 1948-1955, arch. Ernest Cornier 126 Bavinger House, Norman, Oklahoma, USA, 1950-1955, arch. Bruce Goff 128 Styling Center, General Motors Technical Center, Warren, Michigan, USA, 1948-1956,

arch. Eero Saarinen & Associates and Smith, Hinchman & Grylls 130 BC Hydro Building, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, 1955-1957, arch. Thompson, Berwick & Pratt;

Ron Thorn, designer 132 Seagram Building, New York, New York, USA, 1954-1958, arch. Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe,

with Philip Johnson, Kahn & Jacobs, Associate Architects 134 Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, New York, USA, 1943-1959, arch. Frank Lloyd Wright 136

1960-1979

Richards Medical Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 1957-1961, arch. Louis I. Kahn 142

Gateway Arch, Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, St. Louis, Missouri, USA, 1947-1968, arch. Eero Saarinen & Associates 144

Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 1959-1963, arch. Le Corbusier 146

Massey College, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 1960-1963, arch. Thompson, Berwick & Pratt (Ronald J. Thorn, Architect-in-Charge) 148

Vanna Venturi House, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, 1961-1964, arch. R.Venturi and D.Short 150 Toronto City Hall, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 1961-1965, arch. Viljo Revell and John B. Parkin Associates 152 McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope, Kitt Peak, Arizona, USA, 1962-1966, arch SOM, Myron Goldsmith 154 St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church, Red Deer, Alberta, Canada, 1965-1968, arch. Douglas Cardinal 156 Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, 1963-1965, arch. Erickson & Massey 158 Salk Institute for Biological Research, La Jolla, California, USA, 1959-1965, arch. Louis I. Kahn 160 The Sea Ranch Condominium I, Mendocino, California, USA, 1963-1965,

arch. MLTW (Moore, Lyndon, Turnball & Whitaker) 162 U.S. Pavilion, Expo'67, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1967, arch Cambridge Seven Associates

and R. Buckminister Fuller 164 Habitat, Expo'67, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1964-1967, arch. Moshe Safdie 166 Ford Foundation Building, New York, New York, USA, 1966-1967, arch. Kevin Roche,

John Dinkeloo & Associates 168 John Hancock Tower, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 1965-1970, arch. Skidmore, Owings & Merrill 170 Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas, USA, 1967-1972, arch. Louis I. Kahn 172 Douglas House, Harbor Springs, Michigan, USA, 1971-1973, arch. Richard Meier 176 Judiciary Square Metro Station, Washington D.C., USA, 1966-1975, arch. Harry Weese 178 The East Building of the National Gallery of Arts, Washington D.C., USA, 1968-1978,

arch. I. M. Pei & Partners 180 Frank and Berta Gehry House, Santa Monica, California, USA, 1978, arch. Frank O. Gehry 182

1980-1999

Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Washington D.C., USA, 1982, arch Maya Lin; Cooper-Lecky Partnership 188 Artillery Sheds, Marfa, Texas, USA, 1980-1985, arch. Donald Judd 190 Middleton Inn, Charleston, South Carolina, USA, 1978-1985, arch. Clark & Menefee,

and Charleston Architectural Group 192 The Menil Collection, Houston, Texas, USA, 1982-1987, arch. Renzo Piano and Richard Fitzgerald &

Partners with Ove Arup & Partners 194 Mississauga City Hall and Civic Square, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, 1983-1987, arch. Jones & Kirkland 198

Centre Canadien d'Architecture, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1986-1988, arch. Peter Rose 202 Mildred B. Cooper Memorial Chapel, Bella Vista, Arkansas, USA, 19.88,

arch. E. Fay Jones & Maurice Jennings 206 Musee d'Archeologie et Histoire, Pointe-a-Calliere, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 1988-1992,

arch. Dan S. Hanganu and Provencher Roy 208 Centennial Complex, American Heritage Center and Art Museum, University

of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA, 1986-1993, arch. Antoine Predock 210 Associates Center for Visual Arts, University of Toledo, Ohio, USA, 1990-1992, arch. Frank 0. Gehry 212 MBTA Operations Control Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 1993, arch. Leers Weinzapfel Associates 214 Project Row Houses, Houston, Texas, USA, 1992-1994, arch. Sheryl Tucker de Vasquez 216 Museum of Fine Arts, Central Administration and Glassell Junior School, Houston,

Texas, USA, 1994, arch. Carlos Jimenez and Kendall/Heaton Associates 218 Finnish Embassy, Washington D.C., USA, 1994, arch. H. Heikkinen & M. Komonen 220 Phoenix Central Library, Phoenix, Arizona, USA, 1992-1995, arch. W. Bruder /DWL Architects 224 Neurosciences Institute, La Jolla, California, USA, 1992-1995, arch. Tod Williams and Billie Tsien 228 Strawberry Vale School, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, 1992-1996, arch. Patkau Architects 230 Aronoff Center for Design and Art, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio USA, 1988-1997,

arch. Peter Eisenman and Richard Trott 234 Ledbury Park, North York, Ontario, Canada, 1997, arch. Shim and Sutcliffe 238 Atlantic Center for the Arts, New Smyrna, Florida, USA, 1993-1997, arch. Thompson and Rose 240 St. Ignatius Chapel, Seattle University, Seattle, Washington, USA, 1994-1997, arch. Steven Holl 242

Nominators' Statements 246 Nominators: Phyllis Lambert

Joan Ockman Sally Woodbridge Stephen Fox Kevin Harrington

Index 251

Illustration Credits 264


VOLUME 2 LATIN AMERICA

General Editor: Kenneth Frampton Volume Editor: Jorge Glusberg

MM CHINA ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS

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CONTENTS



Complimentary Remarks by Ye Rutang, President of the Architectural Society of China (ASC) - A Record of 20th Century World Architecture XIII


Introductory Essay - The Architecture of Latin America XVII

Selected Buildings (in chronological order of years of completion) 1 by Jorge Glusberg

1900-1919

National School of Fine Arts, 1904, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, arch. Adolpho Morales de los Rios 4 National Congress, 1906, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Vittorio Meano 6 Colon Theatre, 1908, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Francesco Tamburini, Vittorio Meano and Jules Dormal 8 San Martin Palace, 1909, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Alejandro Christophersen 10 Chamber of Deputies, 1910, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Mauricio M. Campos 12 La Mascota Housing Complex, 1913, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Miguel Angel de Quevedo 14 French Embassy, 1914, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Paul Pater 16 Municipal Theatre, 1918, Cali, Colombia, arch. Borrero and Ospina 18 Rendon Peniche Hospital, 1919, Merida, Mexico, arch. Manuel Amabilis and Gregory Webb 20

1920-1939

Customs Building, 1920, Barranquilla, Colombia, arch. Leslie Arbouin 24 Cervantes Theatre, 1921, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Fernando Aranda and Bartolome Repetto 26 Bank of Boston, 1924, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Paul Bell Chambers and Louis Newbery Thomas 28 Executive and Legislative Complex, 1847-1926, Bogota, Colombia, original: Thomas Reed, addition and

reform: Francisco Olaya (1871), M. Lombardi (1879), Pietro Cantini (1881), Gaston Lelarge and Marian Santamaria (1908), Alberto Manrique (1924) 30

La Plata Insurance, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1929, arch. Alejandro Virasoro 32 Guayaquil City Hall, 1,929, Guayaquil, Ecuador, arch. Francisco Macaferri 34 National Secretariat ofHealth, 1929, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Carlos Obregon Santacilia 36 Institute of Education, 1930, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, arch. Jose Mariano Filho and Lucio Costa 38 Baccardi Building, 1930, Havana, Cuba, arch. Esteban Rodriguez Castells, Rafael Hernandez Ruenes

and Jose Menendez 40 Home and Studio of Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo, 1930, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Juan O'Gorman 42 National Museum of Fine Arts, 1933, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Alejandro Bustillo 44 Palace of Justice, 1933, Cali, Colombia, arch. Joseph Martens 46 Cundinamarca Government House, 1933, Bogota, Colombia, arch. Gaston Lelarge and Arturo Jaramillo 48

Palace of Fine Arts, 1904-1934, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Adamo Boari and Federico Mariscal 50 Kavanagh Building, 1936, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Gregorio Sanchez, Julio Lagos and

Jose Maria de la Torre , 52 National Cardiology Institute, 1937, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Jose Villagran Garcia 54 Law School of the University of Chile, 1938, Santiago Chile, arch. Juan Martinez 56 National Library, 1938, Bogota, Colombia, arch. Alberto Wills Ferro 58

1940-1959

Municipal Theatre "Jorge Eliecer Gaitan", 1940, Bogota, Colombia, arch. Francis T. Ley & Co. 62 Ministry of Education and Health, 1936-1943, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, arch. Lucio Costa and others 64 Pampulha Recreational Center, 1943, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, arch. Oscar Niemeyer 66 National School of Mining (University of Medellfn), 1944, Medellfn, Colombia, arch. Pedro Nel Gomez 70 Williams' House, 1945, Mar del Plata, Argentina, arch. Amancio Williams 72 School of Engineering, University of Colombia, 1945, Bogota, Colombia,

arch. Leopoldo Rother and Bruno Violi 74 "Prefecto Mendes de Moraes" Residential Complex, 1947, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, arch. Affonso Eduardo Reidy 76

Barragan's House, 1947, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Luis Barragan 78 University City, 1952, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Mario Pani and Enrique del Moral 80 School of Engineering, 1945-1953, Montevideo, Uruguay, arch. Julio Vilamajo 82 Museum of Modern Art, 1953, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, arch. Affonso Eduardo Reidy 84 Canoas House, 1953, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, arch. Oscar Niemeyer 86 Curutchet House, 1954, La Plata, Argentina, arch. Le Corbusier 88 Municipal Theatre San Martin, 1956, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Mario Roberto Alvarez 90 Olaya Herrera Airport, 1957, Medellin, Colombia, arch. Elias Zapata 92 Cordoba City Hall, 1958, Cordoba, Argentina, arch. Santiago Sanchez Elia, Federico Peralta Ramos

and Alfredo Agostini 94

1960-1979

Brasilia, Brazil, 1960, arch. Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer • 98 Church of Our Lady of Lourdes, 1960, Atlantida, Uruguay, arch. Eladio Dieste 102 Church of the Benedictines, 1964, Santiago, Chile, arch. Gabriel Guardia and Martin Correa 104 School of Nursing, University Javeriana, 1964, Bogota, Colombia, arch. Anlbal Moreno 106 National Museum of Anthropology, 1964, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Pedro Ramirez Vazquez,

Jorge Campuzano and Rafael Mijares 108 University City of Caracas, 1944-1966, Caracas, Venezuela, arch. Carlos Raul Villanueva 110 Bank of London, 1966, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Clorindo Testa and Estudio Sanchez Elia,

Peralta Ramos and Agostini Studio 112 United Nations Building for Latin America (CEPAL), 1966, Santiago, Chile, arch. Emilio Duhart 114 School of Architecture and Urbanism, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo Brazil, 1968,

arch. Joao Vilanova Artigas and Carlos Cascaldi 116 Institute "Jose Antonio Echeverria", at the University of Havana, 1968, Habana, Cuba,

arch. Fernando Salinas 118 Folke Egestrom House and San Cristobal's Stables, 1968, Los Clubes, Mexico, arch. Luis Barragan 120

Hotel Camino Real, Mexico, 1968, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Ricardo Legorreta "El Parque" Residence, 1970, Bogota, Colombia, arch. Rogelio Salmona Guedes House, 1971, Sao Paulo, Brazil, arch. Joaqulm Guedes Conurban, 1973, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Ernesto Katzenstein and Estudio Kocourek Tambau Hotel, 1975, Joao Pessoa, Brazil, arch. Sergio Bernardes Association of Architects, Mexico, 1975, Mexico City, Mexico,

arch. Teodoro Gonzalez de Le6n and Abraham Zabludovsky Architectural Workshop, 1976, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Agustfn Hernandez Channel 7, Buenos Aires, 1978, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Manteola, Sanchez Gomez, Santos,

Solsona & Vinoly Studio Mar del Plata Football Stadium, 1978, Mar de Plata, Argentina, arch. Antonio Antonini,

Gerardo Schon, Eduardo Zemborain, Juan Carlos Fervanza and Mike Hall Julio Herrera y Obes Warehouse, 1978, Montevideo, Uruguay, arch. Eladio Dieste The Ajax Hispania Building, 1979, Lima, Peru, arch. Emilio Soyer Nash

1980-1999

COFIEC Building, Ecuador, 1980, Quito, Ecuador, arch. Ovidio Wappenstein and Ramiro Jacome 146 Fuerte de Manzanillo House, 1981, Cartagena, Colombia, arch. Rogelio Salmona 148 RufinoTamayo Museum, 1981, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Teodoro Gonzalez de Leon

and Abraham Zabludovsky 150 Peruvian Air Force Officers' School, 1981, Lima, Peru, arch. Juvenal Baracco 154 Culture Square, 1982, San Jose, Costa Rica, arch. Edgard Vargas, Jorge Bordon and Jorge Bertheau 156 College of Architects and Engineers, 1982, San Jose, Costa Rica, arch. Hernan Jimenez 158 San Vicente Cultural Center, 1985, Cordoba, Argentina, arch. Miguel Angel Roca 160 Pompeia Recreational Center, 1986, Sao Paulo, Brazil, arch. Lina Bo Bardi 162 Citicorp Center Office Tower, 1986, Sao Paulo, Brazil, arch. Roberto Aflalo and Giancarlo Gasperini 166 Metropolitan Theatre, 1986, Medellfn, Colombia, arch. Oscar Mesa 168 "La Mota" Residential Complex, 1987, Medellfn, Colombia, arch. Laureano Forero 170 Balbina Environmental Protection Center, 1988, Balbina, Brazil, arch. Severiano Mario Porto 172 Credit Bank, Lima, 1988, Lima, Peru, arch. Bernardo Fort-Brescia (Architectural Studio) 174 Office Building in Belo Horizonte, 1989, Belo Horizonte, Brazil,

arch. Eolo Maia and Maria Josefina de Vasconcellos 176 Women's School of the Bradesco Foundation, 1991, Osasco, Brazil, arch. Luis Paulo Conde 178 Students Housing at the University of Campinas, 1991, Campinas, Brazil, arch. Joan Villa 180 Housing Project Colsubsidio, 1991, Bogota, Colombia, arch. German Samper and Ximena Samper 182 Argentina's National Library, 1962-1992, Buenos Aires, Argentina,

arch. Clorindo Testa, Francisco Bullrich and Alicia Cazzaniga 184 Xochimilco Ecological Park, 1992, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Mario Schjetnan 186 Vida Building Insurance, 1993, Santiago, Chile, arch. Enrique Browne and Borja Huidobro 190 Palace of Justice II, 1993, Cordoba, Argentina, arch. Gramatica-Guerrero-Morini-Pisani-Urtubey 192 Natatorium Complex, 1994, Mar de Plata, Argentina, arch. Flora Manteola,

Javier Sanchez Gomez, Josefina Santos, Justo Solsona and Carlos Sallaberry 194 Bayer Laboratories, 1994, Munro, Argentina, arch. Asian, Ezcurra & Associates 196 Library of the University of Nueva Leon, Monterrey, 1994, Monterrey Mexico,

arch. Ricardo Legorreta 198 Televisa Building, 1994, Mexico City, Mexico, arch. Enrique Norten 202

122 124 126 128 130

132 134

136

138 140 142

Tres Cruces Bus Terminal, 1994, Montevideo, Uruguay, arch. Guillermo Gomez Platero, E. Cohe, R. Alberti \ 204

Brazilian Museum of Sculpture, 1995, Sao Paulo, Brazil, arch. Paulo Mendes da Rocha 206

Condor House, 1995, Santiago, Chile, arch. Christian de Groote and Camila del Fierro 208 Dole Fresh Fruit Co., 1995, San Jose, Costa Rica, arch. Bruno Stagno and Associates 210 Pan-Americana Tower, 1997, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Raul Lier and Alberto Tonconogy 212 New Santa Fe Community Center, 1997, Bogota, Colombia, arch. Rogelio Salmona 214 Punta del Este International Airport, 1997, Punta del Este, Uruguay, arch. Carlos A. Ott 216 Coastline Train Terminal, 1997, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Pfeifer-Zurdo " 218 Puerto Madero Urban Renewal (Stage 1, 1994-2000), Buenos Aires, Argentina 220 Ministry of Foreign Relations, 1998, Buenos Aires, Argentina, arch. Natan Aizenstat and

Carlos Rajlin Associates with C. Dodero and M. Levinton 222

General Bibliography 224

Index 226


VOLUME 4 MEDITERRANEAN BASIN

General Editor: Kenneth Frampton Volume Editor: Vittorio Magnago Lampugnani

w MM CHINA ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS

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CONTENTS i

i



Complimentary Remarks by Ye Rutang, President of the Architectural Society of China (ASC) -A Record of 20th Century World Architecture XIII


Introductory Essay XVII by Vittorio Magnago Lampugnani

Editor's Foreword and Acknowledgments XXXVII

Selected Buildings (in chronological order of years of completion) 1

1900-1919

1. Elevador de Santa Justa, Lisbon, Portugal, 1900-1902, arch. Raoul Mesnier du Ponsard 2. Grand Hotel, Palma de Mallorca, Spain, 1901-1903, arch. Lluis Domenech i Montaner 3. Eglise Saint-Jean de Montmartre, Paris, France, 1894-1904, arch. Anatole de Baudot 4. Entrance to Paris Metro, Paris, France, 1899-1904, arch. Hector Guimard 5. Immeuble de logements, rue Franklin, Paris, France, 1903-1904, arch. Auguste Perret 6. Fina vinicola Codorniu, Barcelona, Spain, 1904-1906, arch. Josep Puig i Cadafalch 7. Casa Batllo, Barcelona, Spain, 1904-1906, arch. Antoni Gaudi 8. Palau de la Musica Catalana, Barcelona, Spain, 1905-1908, arch. Lluis Domenech i Montaner 9. La Samaritaine, Department Store No. 2, Paris, France, 1904-1910 , arch. Frantz Jourdain 10. Casa Mila "La Pedrera", Barcelona, Spain, 1905-1910, arch. Antoni Gaudi 11. Ciudad Lineal, Madrid, Spain, 1894-1911, arch. Arturo Soria y Mata 12. Abattoirs de la Mouche, Lyons, France, 1906-1913, arch. Tony Gamier 13. Immeuble d'habitation Rue Vavin, Paris, France, 1909-1913, arch. Henri Sauvage 14. Theatre des Champs-Elysees, Paris, France, 1911-1913, arch. Auguste and Gustave Perret 15. Pare Guell, Barcelona, Spain, 1900-1914, arch. Antoni Gaudi

4 6 8

10 12 14 16 18 20 22 26 28 30 32 34

1920-1939

16. Fabbrica Fiat Lingotto/Turin, Italy, 1915-1923, arch. Giacomo Matte Trucco 17. Iglesia de San Bartolome, Vistabella, Tarragona, Spain, 1918-1923, arch. Josep Maria Jujol 18. Templo de la Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain, 1883-1926, arch. Antoni Gaudf 19. Casa Negre, Sant Joan Despi, Barcelona, Spain, 1915-1926, arch. Josep Maria Jujol 20. Maison Tristan Tzara, Paris, France, 1925-1927, arch. Adolf Loos

40 44 46 50 52

21. Villa Stein-de Monzie, Garches, France, 1926-1927, arch. Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret 54 22. Maison E.1027, Roquebrune, France, 1926-1929, arch. Eileen Gray, with Jean Badovici 56 23. German Pavilion for the 1929 Word Fair in Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 1928-1929,

arch. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe 58 24. Maison de verre, Paris, France, 1927-1931, arch. Pierre Chareau with Bernard Bijvoet 62 25. Villa Savoye, Poissy, France, 1928-1931, arch. Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret 66 26. Three Bridges, Tromostovje, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1929-1932, arch. Joze Plecnik 70

27. Ecole Karl Marx, Villejuif, France, 1930-1933, arch. Andre Lurgat 72 28. Santa Maria Novella Station, Florence, Italy, 1932-1935, arch. Gruppo Toscano 74 29. Low-rent Apartments Casa Bloc, Barcelona, Spain, 1931-1936, arch. Josep Luis Sert, Josep Torres Clave,

Juan Bautista Subirana 76 30. Casa del Fascio, Como, Italy, 1928-1936, arch. Giuseppe Terragni 78 31. Palazzo delle Poste, Naples, Italy, 1928-1936, arch. Giuseppe Vaccaro and Gino Franzi 82 32. Casa delle Armi (Accademia della Scherma), Rome, Italy, 1933-1936, arch. Luigi Moretti 86 33. Grandstand at the Race-course Zarzuela, Madrid, Spain, 1934-1936, arch. Eduardo Torroja y Miret,

Carlos Arniches, Martin Dominguez 88 34. Casa Rustici, Milan, Italy, 1933-1936, arch. Giuseppe Terragni and Pietro Lingeri 90 35. T. B. C. Dispensary, Barcelona, Spain, 1933-1937, arch. Josep Lluis Sert, Josep Torres Clave,

Joan Bautista Subirana 92 36. Infant School Sant' Elia, Como, Italy, 1934-1937, arch. Giuseppe Terragni 94 37. T. B. C. Dispensary, Alessandria, Italy, 1933-1938, arch. Ignazio Gardella 96 38. Maison du Peuple, Clichy, France, 1935-1939, arch. Jean Prouve, Eugene Beaudoin,

Marcel Lods, eng. Wladimir Sodiansky 98 39. Apartment Building, Cernobbio, Italy, 1938-1939, arch. Cesare Cattaneo 100

1940-1959

40. Giuliani-Figerio Apartment Building, Como, Italy, 1939-1940, arch. Giuseppe Terragni 104 41. University Library, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 1930-1941, arch. Joze Plecnik 106 42. Casa Malaparte, Capri, Italy, 1938-1943, arch. Adalberto Libera 110 43. Musee des travaux publics, Paris, France, 1936-1946, arch. Auguste Perret 112 44. Lodge Station, Lago Nero, Sauze d'Oulx, Italy, 1946-1947, arch. Carlo Mollino 114 45. Stazione Termini, Rome, Italy, 1947-1950, arch. Eugenio Montuori, Leo Calini, Massimo Castellazi,

Vasco Fadigati, Achille Pintonello, Annibale Vitellozzi 116 46. Casa "II Girasole", Rome, Italy, 1950, arch. Luigi Moretti 118 47. Unite d'habitation, Marseilles, France, 1947-1952, arch. Le Corbusier 120 48. Casa Ugalde, Caldes d'Estrac, Girona, Spain, 1951-1952, arch. Josp Antoni Coderch,

Manuel Vails i Verges 124 49. Maison Prouve, Nancy, France, 1953-1954, arch. Jean Prouve ' 126 50. Palazzo dei Congressi, Rome, Italy, 1937-1955, arch. Adalberto Libera 128 51. Chapelle Notre-Dame-du Haut, Ronchamp, France, 1950-1955, arch. Le Corbusier 130 52. Apartment Building "Barceloneta", Barcelona; Spain, 1951-1955, arch. Josp Antoni Coderch,

Manuel Vails i Verges 134 53. Torre Velasca, Milan, Italy, 1950-1957, arch. BBPR, eng. Arturo Danusso 136 54. Ensemble de logements "Climat de France", Alger, Algeria, 1954-1957, arch. Fernand Pouillon 138 55. Civil Government Building, Tarragona, Spain, 1954-1957, arch. Alejandro de la Sota and

Jesus de la Sota 140 56. Ensemble de logements "Aero Habitat", Alger, Algeria, 1949-1958, arch. Pierre Bourtier,

Louis Miquel, Jose Ferrer-Laloe 142 57. Landscaping of Acropolis and Philopappus Hill, Athens, Greece, 1951-1958, arch. Dimitris Pikionis

with Alexandras Papageorgiou 144 58. Palazzetto dello Sport, Rome, Italy, 1956-1958, arch. Pier Luigi Nervi and Annibale Vitellozzi 146 59. Couvent de la'Tourette, Eveux-sur-Arbresie, France, 1953-1959, arch. Le Corbusier 148

1960-1979

60. 'Municipal Assembly Hall, Kranj, Slovenia, 1954-1960, arch. Edvard Ravnikar 152

61. Doxiadis Office Building, Athens, Greece, 1955-1961, arch. Constantinos A. Doxiadis, Titos Kouravelos, Arthouros Scheepers , 154

62. Grattacielo Pirelli, Milan, Italy, 1956-1961, arch. Gio Ponti, eng. Pier Luigi Nervi, Arturo Danusso 156 63. Uffici Zanussi, Porcia, Italy, 1959-1961, arch. Gino Valle 158 64. Gymnasium of the Colegio Maravillas, Madrid, Spain, 1960-1961, arch. Alejandro de la Sota 160 65. Villa "La Ricarda", El Prat de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain, 1949-1962, arch. Antoni Bonet Castellana 162 66. Memorial de la Deportation, lie de la Cite, Paris, France, 1954-1962, arch. Georges-Henri Pingusson 164 67. Pavilion of the Nordic Countries, Giardini della Biennale, Venice, Italy, 1958-1962, arch. Sverre Fehn 166 68. Dog-tracks "Meridiana", Barcelona, Spain, 1962-1963, arch. Antoni Bonet Castellana,

Josep Puig Torne 168 69. Museo di Castellvecchio, Verona, Italy, 1956-1964, arch. Carlo Scarpa 170 70. Swimming Pools at the Sea, Lega da Palmeira, Portugal, 1961-1966, arch. Alvaro Siza 172 71. Eglise Sainte-Bernadette, Nevers, France, 1963-1966, arch. Claude Parent, Paul Virilio 174 72. New Bariz, Oasis Kharga, Egypt, 1962-1967, arch. Hassan Fathy 176 73. Torres Blancas, Madrid, Spain, 1961-1968, arch. Francisco Javier Saenz de Oiza 180 74. Gallaratese II, Milan, Italy, 1969-1973, arch. Aldo Rossi 182 75. Joan Miro Foundation, Barcelona, Spain, 1968-1975, arch. Josep Lluis Sert 186 76. Walden 7, San Just Desvern, Barcelona, Spain, 1970-1975, arch. Ricardo Bofill 188 77. Centre National d'Art et de Culture Georges Pompidou, Paris, France, 1971-1977,

arch. Renzo Piano and Richard Rogers, eng. Ove Arup and Partners 192 78. Tomba Brion, San Vito d'Altivole, Treviso, Italy, 1969-1978, arch. Carlo Scarpa 196 79. San Cataldo Cemetery, Modena, Italy, 1971-1978, arch. Aldo Rossi 198 80. Students' Dormitory, Chieti, Italy, 1976-1979, arch. Giorgio Grassi with Antonio Monestiroli 202

1980-1999

81. Ensemble de logements "Noisy II", Noisy-le-Grand, Ville Nouvelle de Marne-La-Vallee, France, 1975-1980, arch. Henri Ciriani with Vincent Sabatier 206

82. Plaga dels Pai'sos Catalans, Barcelona, Spain, 1981-1983, arch. Albert Viaplana Vea, Helio Pinon 210 83. Museum of Roman Art, Merida, Spain, 1980-1985, arch. Rafael Moneo 212 84. Institut du Monde Arabe, Paris, France, 1981-1988, arch. Jean Nouvel, with Pierre Gilbert Lesenes,

Pierre Soria, Architecture Studio 216 85. San Nicola Stadium, Bari, Italy, 1987-1990, arch. Renzo Piano Building Workshop, eng. Peter Rice 220 86. Cultural Center "Casa das Artes", Porto, Portugal, 1981-1991, arch. Eduardo Souto de Moura 224 87. Municipal Sports Pavilion, Badalona, Spain, 1987-1991, arch. Esteve Bonell, Francesco Rius 228 88. Santa Justa Railway Station, Seville, Spain, 1988-1991, arch. Antonio Cruz, Antonio Ortiz 232 89. Congress and Exhibition Center, Salamanca, Spain, 1985-1992, arch. Juan Navarro Baldeweg 234 90. Museum of Byzantine Culture, Thessaloniki, Greece, 1977-1994, arch. Kyriakos Krokos

with George Makris , 238 91. Cemetery Igualada, Barcelona, Spain, 1985-1994, arch. Enric Miralles and Carme Pinos 240 92. Grand-Palais, Lille, France, 1991-1994, arch. O.M.A. - Rem Koolhaas 244 93. Cite de la musique, Paris, France, 1984-1995, arch. Christian de Portzamparc 248 94. Restoration of the Roman Theater, Sagunto, Spain, 1985-1995, arch. Giorgio Grassi with

M. Portacelli, J. L. Dujardin, L. Meyer, J. J. Estelles 254 95. Bibliotheque nationale de France, Paris, France, 1989-1995, arch. Dominique Perrault 258 96. Faculty of Architecture, Porto, Portugal, 1986-1996, arch. Alvaro Siza 262 97. Quinta da Malagueira Housing Estate, Evora, Portugal, 1977-1997, arch. Alvaro Siza 264 98. Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain, 1991-1997, arch. Frank O. Gehry i 268 99. Pare de la Villette, Paris, France, 1982-1998, arch. Bernard Tschumi 272 100. Kursaal Cultural Centre, San Sebastian, Spain, 1989-1999, arch. Rafael Moneo 276

Nominators' Statements 278

Juan Jose Lahuerta (Professor of Architecture, University of Barcelona, Spain) 279 Jacques Lucan (Professor of Architecture, Ecole polytechique federale de Lausanne, Switzerland) 280 Marco De Michelis (Professor of Architecture, Istituto Universitario di Architettura, Venice, Italy) 280 Yorgos Simeoforidis (Professor of Architecture, University of Athens, Greece) 281 Ales Vodopivec (Professor of Architecture, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia) 283 Associate Volume Editor: Daniel Walser 284

Voting Summary 285


Index 289


VOLUME 5 THE MIDDLE EAST

General Editor: Kenneth Frampton Volume Editor: Hasan-Uddin Khan

rw MM CHINA ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS

SpringerWienNewYork

CONTENTS

Complimentary Remarks by Sara Topelson de Grinberg, Past President of the International Union of Architecture XI

Complimentary Remarks by Vassilis Sgoutas, President of the International Union of Architecture XII

Complimentary Remarks by Ye Rutang, President of the Architectural Society of China(ASC) - A Record Of 20th Century World Architecture XIII


Introductory Essay - Expressing Identities Through Architecture, From Colonialism To Pluralism By Hasan - Uddin Kahn XVII

Editor's Acknowledgments XLIl

Selected Buildings (in chronological order of year of design) 1

1900-1919

Maidan-e-Hassan Abad, Tehran, Iran, c. 1900, arch, unknown 4 Palace of the Emir (Reconstruction into National Museum), Doha, Qatar, 1901, arch, unknown;

(reconstruction: 1972-1977, arch. Michael Rice and Company) 6 Seyh Zafir Complex, Besiktas, Istanbul, Turkey, 1903-1904, arch. Raimondo D' Aronco 10 Central Post Office, Sirkeci, Istanbul, Turkey, 1907-1909, arch.Vedat Tek 12 Hijaz Railway Station, Damascus, Syria, 1908-1912, arch. Do Arende 14 Qavam-os- Saltaneh House (now Abguineh Glass and Ceramics Museum ), Tehran, Iran, 1910-1915,

arch, unknown; adaptation, arch. Hans Hollein 16 Fourth Vakif Hani, Bahgekapi, Istanbul, Turkey, 1911-1926, arch. Kemalettin Bey 18 Harikzedegan Apartments, Laleli, Istanbul, Turkey, 1919-1922, arch. Kemalettin Bey 20

1920-1939

Aal Al-Bait University, Baghdad, Iraq, 1921-1924, arch. James Mollison Wilson 24 Azem Palace (reconstruction), Damascus, Syria, 1922-1936, 1946-1954,

arch. Michel Ecochard ( Shafiq al-lmam for the adaptation 1962-1983) 26 Sheikh Saeed House, Dubai, U.A.E, c. 1926, arch. Original builder unknown 28 Port Directorate Offices, Basrah, Iraq, 1927-1929, arch. James Mollison Wilson, et al. 30 Rockefeller Museum, Jerusalem, 1929-1937, arch. Austen St. Barbe Harrison 32 Engel Apartment House, Tel Aviv, Israel, 1930-1933, arch. Ze'ev Rechter 34 Iran Bastan Museum, Tehran, Iran, 1931-1936, arch. Andre Godard and Maxime Siroux 36 Parliament Building, Damascus, Syria, 1932-1948, arch, unknown 38 Exhibition Hall (Transformed into the State Opera), Ankara, Turkey, 1933-1934,

arch. Sevki Balmumcu (Paul Bonatz for the opera) 40

Royal Mausoleum, Baghdad, Iraq,1933-1936, arch. G. B. Cooper 42 Schocken House, Offices and Library, Jerusalem, 1933-1936, arch. Erich Mendelsohn 44 School for Orphans (now Technical School), Tehran, Iran, 1935, arch. Vartan Avanessian 46 National Museum, Damascus, Syria, 1935-1940, arch. Michel Ecochard 48 Faculty of Humanities, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey, 1935-1937, arch. Bruno Taut 50 Khan Marjan (Restoration and Re-use), Baghdad, Iraq, 1936-1938, 1970-1973,

arch, unknown; Department of Antiquities for the restoration; the State Organization of Building/ Wijdan Mahir for the re-use 52

Hadassah University Medical Center, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, 1936-1939, arch. Erich Mendelsohn 54 Water Authority Building, Damascus, Syria, 1937-1942, arch. Mohamad Ali Al Khayat 58 Hotel St. Georges, Beirut, Lebanon, 1937-1944, arch. Jacques Poirrier,

Andre Lotte, Georges Bordes and Antoine Tabet 60 Turkish Grand National Assembly, Ankara, Turkey, 1938-1960, arch. Clemens Holzmeister 62

1940-1959

Faculty of Sciences and Literature, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey, 1942-1948, arch. Sedad Hakki Eldem and Emin Onat 66

Taslik Coffee House, Istanbul, Turkey, 1947-1948, arch. Sedad Hakki Eldem 68 Railway Station, Baghdad, Iraq, 1947-1951, arch. Wilson and Mason 70 Anadolu Club, Buyukada, Istanbul, Turkey, 1951-1957, arch. Turgut Cansever and Abdurrahman Hanci 72 Hilton Hotel, Istanbul, Turkey, 1952-1955, arch. Skidmore, Owings and Merrill et al. 74 College Protestant, Beirut, Lebanon, 1953-1957, arch. Michel Ecochard et al. 76 Pan-American Building, Beirut, Lebanon, 1954-1955, arch. George Rais and Theo Kannan with Assem Salam 80 Hopital du Sacre Coeur, Beirut, Lebanon, 1954-1961, arch. Michel Ecochard with Henri Edde 82 Hotel Phoenicia, Beirut, Lebanon, 1954-1962, arch. Edward Durell Stone with Rudolphe Elias and

Ferdinand Dagher 84 Hebrew University Synagogue, Jerusalem, 1955-1957, arch. Heinz Rau and David Reznik 86 United States Embassy, Baghdad, Iraq, 1955-1960, arch. Sert, Jackson and Gourley 88 Sports Complex and Gymnasium, Baghdad, Iraq, 1956-1980, arch. Le Corbusier 90 University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq, 1958-1970, arch. The Architects Collaborative (TAC) 92 Town Hall, Bat Yam, Israel, 1959-1963, arch. Alfred Neumann, Zvi Hecker, and Eldar Sharon 96 Turkish Historical Society, Ankara, Turkey, 1959-1966, arch. Turgut Cansever with Ertur Yener 98 Israel Museum, Jerusalem, 1959-1992, arch. Al Mansfeld and Dora Gad 100

1960-1979

Al Khulafa Mosque, Baghdad, Iraq, 1961-1963, arch. Mohamed Makiya 106 Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, 1961 -1970, arch. Behruz and Altug inici 108 Ministry of National Defense, Beirut, Lebanon, 1962-1968, arch. Andre Wogenscky and Maurice Hindi 112 Maison de ('Artisan, Beirut, Lebanon, 1963-1968, arch. Bureau d'Etudes (CETA) 114 Social Security Complex, Zeyrek, Istanbul, Turkey, 1963-1968, arch. Sedad Eldem 116 Sarkis Armenian Cathedral, Tehran, Iran, 1964-1970, arch. Mirza Koutchek 118 Tobacco Monopoly Headquarters, Baghdad, Iraq, 1965-1967, arch. Rifat Chadirji/lraq Consult 120

Convalescent Home (re-adapted for a Hotel), Tiberias, Israel, 1965-1973, arch. Arieh Sharon - Eldar Sharon and Associates ' 122

Conference Center and Hotel, Mecca, Saudi Arabia, 1967-1976, arch. Rolf Gutbrod, et al. 126 Museum of Contemporary Art, Tehran, Iran, 1967-1977, arch. Kamran Diba, et al. 130 The Kuwait Towers, Kuwait city, Kuwait, 1969-1976, arch. Bjorn & Bjorn with VBB 132 Iran Center for Management Studies (now University of Imam Sadegh), Tehran, Iran, 1970-1972,

arch. Nader Ardalan 134 Turkish Language Society, Ankara, Turkey, 1972-1978, arch. Cengiz Bektas 136 National Assembly Building, Kuwait, 1972-1983, arch. Jorn Utzon 138 Office Complex for the Heir Apparent, Rifa'a, Bahrain, 1973-1976, arch. Mohamed Makiya 142 Prototype Kindergarten, Sharjah, U.A.E., 1973-1976, arch. JafarTukan and George Rais 144 Sief Palace Area Buildings, Kuwait city, Kuwait, 1973-1983, arch. Reima and Raili Pietila 146 Shushtar New Town, Khuzestan, Iran, 1974-1980, arch. Kamran Diba, et al. 150 Architecture School, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria, 1974-1980, arch. Mohamed Bourhan Tayara 154 National Library and Cultural Centre, Abu Dhabi, 1974-1981, arch. The Architects Collaborative (TAC) 156 Hajj Terminal, King Abdul Aziz International Airport, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 1974-1982,

arch. Skidmore, Owings and Merrill 158 Lassa Tyre Factory, Izmit, Turkey, 1975-1977, arch. Dog an Tekeli and Sami Sisa 162 King Khaled International Airport, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 1975-1983, arch. Hellmuth,

Obata & Kassabaum (HOK) + 4 Consortium 164 Mayor's Office, Baghdad, Iraq, 1975-1983, arch. Hisham Munir 166 Inter-Continental Hotel, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E., 1976-1981, arch. Benjamin Thompson and Associates 168 Great Mosque, Kuwait city, Kuwait, 1976-1984, arch. Makiya Associates 172 King Faisal Foundation, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 1976-1984, arch. Kenzo Tange & Urtec 174 Hebrew Union College, Jerusalem, 1976-1989, arch. Moshe Safdie and Associates 176 National Commercial Bank, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 1977-1983, arch. Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, et al. 180 Al-Thawra Hospital, Sana' a, Yemen, 1977-1985, arch. Heinle, Wischer and Partner 184 Al-Ghadir Mosque, Tehran, Iran, 1977-1987, arch. Jahanguir Mazlum 186 Yarmouk University, Amman, Jordan, 1977-1989, arch. Kenzo Tange Associates, et al. 188 East Talpiot Housing Development, Jerusalem, 1978-1982, arch. Yakov Rechter - Amnon Rechter 190[

1980-1999

Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 1980-1984, arch. Henning Larsen 196 Abi Nawas Development, Baghdad, Iraq, 1980-1984, arch. Planar, and Skaarup & Jespersen 200 Qatar University, Doha, Qatar, 1980-1985, arch. Kamel El Kafrawi 202 Central Bank of Iraq, Baghdad, Iraq, 1981-1985, arch. Dissing + Weitling 206 French Cultural Centre, Damascus, Syria, 1981-1986, arch. Jose Oubrerie, et al. 210 Al-Kindi Plaza, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 1981-1986, arch. BEEAH Group 214 The Spiral, Ramat Gan, near Tel Aviv, Israel, 1981 -1989, arch. Zvi Hecker 218 National Museum, Manama, Bahrain, The Gulf, 1982-1989, arch. Krohn & Harting Rasmussen 220 Demir Holiday Village, Bodrum, Turkey, 1983-1987, arch. Turgut Cansever 224 Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini University, Qazvim, Iran, 1984-1990,

arch. Bavand Consulting Architects & Planners 226

Jolfa Residential Complex, Isfahan, Iran, 1985-1988, arch. Tajeer Architects 228 Grand National Assembly Mosque, Ankara, Turkey, 1985-1989, arch. Behruz and Can C^inici 230 Justice Palace and Mosque, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 1985-1992, arch. Rasem Badran Associates 232 Corniche Mosque, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 1986, arch. Abdel Wahid El-Wakil 236 French Embassy, Muscat, Oman, 1986-1989, arch. Architecture Studio 238 Etisalat Headquarters., Abu Dhabi, U.A.E., 1986-1992, arch. Arthur Erickson Associates with NORR Consult 242 Supreme Court Building, West Jerusalem, 1986-1992, arch. Ada Karmi-Melamede and Ram Karmi 244 Sabah Medya Plaza, Istanbul, Turkey, 1987-1990, arch. Mehmet Konuralp 248 Central Meat, Fish, Fruit and Vegetable Market, Abu Dhabi, U.A.E., 1987-1992,

arch. Planar and Skaarap & Jespersen 250 Museum, Dubai, U.A.E., 1988-1994, arch. Mohamed Makiya 252 Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Dubai, U.A.E.,1992-1995, arch. Nikken Sekkei, et al. 254 Salem House, Beirut, Lebanon. 1992-1995, arch. George Arbid and Fadlallah Dagher 256 Dikmen Bridge, Ankara, Turkey, 1992-1999, arch. Studio 14, et al. 258 City Hall, Amman, Jordan, 1994-1997, arch. Jafar Tukan & Partners, et al. 262

Nominators' Statements 267 Abbad Al-Radi

George Arbid

Sibel Bozdogan

Darab Diba

Udo Kultermann

Alona Nitzan-Shiftan

Nasser Rabbat

Selection List 272


Index 281


VOLUME 6 CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN AFRICA

General Editor: Kenneth Frampton Volume Editor: Udo Kultermann

w MM CHINA ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS

SpringerWienNewYork

CONTENTS

Complimentary Remarks by Sara Topelson de Grinberg, Past President of the International Union of Architects (UIA) • XI

Complimentary Remarks by Vassilis Sgoutas, President of the International Union of Architects (UIA) XI

Complimentary Remarks by Ye Rutang, President of the Architectural Society of China (ASC) -A Record of 20th Century World Architecture x|


Introductory Essay-Continent of Hope

by Udo Kultermann XI

Selected Buildings (in chronological order of years of design) 1

1900-1919

St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Cathedral, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania, 1897-1902, arch, unknown 4 Saint George's Cathedral, Cape Town, South Africa, 1897-1957, arch. Sir Herbert Baker and

Francis Edward Masey 6 Town Hall, Durban, South Africa, 1903-1910, arch. Scott, Woolacott and Hudson 10 City Hall, Pretoria, South Africa, 1905, arch, unknown 12 Cecil Rhodes Monument, Cape Town, South Africa, 1905-1908, arch. Sir Herbert Baker 14 The Great Mosque, Djenne, Mali, 1907, arch. Ismail Traore 16 Union Buildings, Pretoria, South Africa, 1909-1910, arch. Sir Herbert Baker . 18 City Hall, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1910-1915, arch. Hawke and McKinley 22 Johannesburg Art Gallery, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1910-1929, arch. Sir Edward Lutyens 24 University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 1918, arch. Jim Solomon 26

1920-1939

Terminus of the Congo-Ocean Line, Black Point, Congo, 1921, arch. M. Philippot 30 Cathedral du Souvenir Africain, Dakar, Senegal, 1923-1936, arch. Wulfleff 32 Stern House, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1934-1935, arch. Martienssen, Fassler and Cooke . 34 Peterhouse Flats, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1934-1938, arch. Martienssen, Fassler and Cooke 36 Dar-es-Salaam Museum, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania, 1934-1940, arch. Gilman 38 The Martienssen House, Greenside, South Africa, 1939-1940, arch. Rex Martienssen 40

1940-1959

Oceanic Hotel, Mombasa, Kenya, 1951-1956, arch. Ernst May 44 Palais du Grand Conseil d'Afrique Occidentale, Dakar, Senegal, 1950-1956, arch. Badani and Roux-Dorlut 46 Cultural Center, Moshi, Tanzania, 1952, arch. Ernst May 48 Boeskay Flats. Housing in Lubumbashi, Congo, 1956-1957, arch. Julian Elliott and Philippe Charbonnier 50 Smiling Lion Apartments, Carreira deTivo, Maputo, Mozambique, 1956-1958,

arch. Amancio d' Alpoim Guedes _ 52 Museum in Accra, Ghana, 1956-1957, arch. Drake and Lasdun, Denys Lasdun 54

Aga Khan Platinum Jubilee Memorial Ishmaelia Community Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya, arch. Amyas Douglas Connell N 56

University of Nsukka, Nigeria, 1957-1971, arch. James Cubitt 58 Kindergarten, Maputo, Mozambique, 1958-1963, arch. Amancio d'Alpoim Guedes 60 Library Building, Makerere College, Kampala, Uganda, 1958-1959, arch. Norman and Dawbarn 62 Alliance Girls' High School, Chapel and Theatre, Kikuyu, Kenya, 1958-1959, arch. Richard Hughes 64 Stadium, Kumasi, Ghana, 1958, arch. Kenneth Scott 66 Housing in Ampefiloha, Tananarive, Malagasy Republic, 1958-1960,

arch. Jose Ravemanantsoa, Jean Rafamanantsoa and Jean Rabemanantsoa 68 The Arya Girl's High School, Nairobi, Kenya, 1958-1960, arch. Peer Abben 70 University of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria, 1959-1960, arch. E. Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew 72 Hospital for the Nigerian Railway Corporation, Lagos, Nigeria, 1959-1962, arch. Alex Ifeanyi Ekwueme 74

1960-1979

Cooperative Bank of Western Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria, 1960, arch. E. Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew, Drake and Lasdun 78

Gruenewald House, Itawa, near Ndola, Zambia, 1960, arch. Julian Elliott 80 The Crown Law Offices, Nairobi, Kenya, 1960-1979, arch. Amyas Douglas Connell 82 Parliament Building, Freetown, Sierra Leone, 1961-1962, arch. Dov and Ram Karmi 84 Obafeme Awolowo University (formerly University of Ife), Ife, Nigeria, 1961-1972, arch. Sharon and Sharon 86 Junior Staff Housing, Christiansborg Castle, Accra, Ghana, 1962, arch. J. G. Halstead and D. A. Barratt 88 Elementary School, Lagos, Nigeria, 1962-1963, arch. Olewole Olumuyiwa 90 Sagrada Familia da Machava, Mozambique, 1962-1964, arch. Amancio d'Alpoim Guedes 92 Federal University in Yaounde, Cameroon, 1962-1969, arch. Michel Ecochard and Claude Tardits 94 Dormitories of the University of Tananarive, Malagasy Republic, 1962-1972, arch. Roland Simounet 96 Parliament Building, Nairobi, Kenya, 1963, arch. Amyas Douglas Connell 98 •Northern Police College, Kaduna, Nigeria, 1963, arch. Godwin and Hopwood 100 Kasama Cathedral, Lusaka, Zambia, 1964-1966, arch. Julian Elliott 102 Social Center and Student Hall of the University of Cape Coast, Ghana, 1964-1967, arch. Renato Severino 104 General Post Office and Ministry of PTT, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 1964-1970,

arch. Ivan Straus and Zdravko Kovaevi 106 Engineering Laboratories, Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, c. 1965,

arch. James Cubitt 108 University Flats, Alagbon Close, Ikoyi, Lagos, Nigeria, 1965, arch. Alan Vaughan-Richards 110 Thermal Baths, Filwoha, Ethiopia, 1965, arch. Michal Todros and Zalman and Ruth Enav 112 University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, 1965-1968, arch. Julian Elliott 114 Legislative Assembly and Government Center, Port Louis, Mauritius, 1966-1978,

arch. E. Maxwell Fry, Jane Drew and Partners 116 National Theatre and Cultural Center, Kampala, Uganda, 1968, arch. Peatfield and Bodgener 118 Monastery, Gihindamuyaga, Butare, Rwanda, 1968-1969, arch. Lucien Kroll 120 Kenyatta Conference Center, Nairobi, Kenya, 1968-1973, arch. Karl Hendrik Nostvik and David Mutiso 122 Rand Afrikaans University, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1968-1975, arch. Meyer, Pienaar, Smith 124 Maisonettes for the Bank of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia, 1971-1972, arch. Montgomery, Oldfield and Kirby 128 Headquarters of the National Bank of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya, 1973-1976, arch. Richard Hughes 130 Mombasa Air Terminal, Kenya, 1977, arch. Gollins, Melvin, Ward and Partners, and Richard Hughes 132 Development Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 1975-1976, arch. Aarno Ruusuvouri 134 IBM Headquarters Building, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1975-1976, arch. Arup Associates 136

UN Accommodations, Gigiri, Kenya, 1975-1981, arch. David Mutiso 138 French Cultural Center, Nairobi, Kenya, 1976; arch. Dalgiesh Marshall 140 Medical Center, Mopti, Mali, 1976, arch. Andre Ravereau 142 Student Hostel, Zambia College, Lusaka, Zambia, 1976-1977, arch. Montgomery, Oldfield and Kirby 144 Agricultural Training Center, UNESCO/BREDA, Nianing, Senegal, 1977, arch. Kamal El Jack, Pierre Bussat,

Oswald Delicour, Sjoerd Nienhuys and Christopher Posma, master mason: Diallo 146 Low-Cost Housing , Rosso-Satara, Mauritania, 1977, arch. A. and J. Esteve and Ladji Camara (ADAUA) 148 Community Center, Steinkopf, South Africa, 1978-1980, arch. Uytenbogaardt and Rozendal 150 Government Center, Abuja, Nigeria, 1979-1981, arch. Kenzo Tange 152 Mangosuthu Technicon, Umlazi, Natal, South Africa, 1979-1982, arch. Hallen Theton and Partners 154 Brenthurst Library, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1979/1981-1981/1982,

arch. Hallen Theton and Partners (Hans Heyerdahl Hallen) 156

1980-1999

House, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1982, arch. Stanley Saitowitz 160 Court of Justice, Agadez, Niger, c. 1982, arch. Laszlo Mester de Parajd 162 Golf Resort, Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast, 1982, arch. Roger Taillibert 164 BMW Head Offices, Midrand, Gauteng, South Africa, 1982-1984, arch. Hallen Theron and Partners 166 11 Diagonal Street, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1982-1985, arch. Murphy and Jahn in association with Louis Karol Architects 168

Onersol Solar Energy Research Center, Niamey, Niger, 1982-1985, arch. Lazlo Mester de Parajd 170 Mityana Pilgrim's Center Shrine, Mityana, Uganda, 1983, arch. Justus Dahinden 172 Guiness Brewery, Ogba, Lagos, Nigeria, 1983, arch. Godwin and Hopwood 176 Center for Accounting Studies, Maseru, Lesotho, 1983, arch. Househam, McPherson, Henderson 178 Ghana National Theatre, Accra, Ghana, 1985-1992, arch. Chen Taining 180 362 West Street, Durban, South Africa, 1986, arch. Murphy and Jahn, in association with

Strauch Vorster and Partners 182 Notre-Dame de la Paix, Yamoussoukro, Ivory Coast, 1986-1989, arch. Pierre Fakoury 184 Peninsula Technicon, Belleville South, Cape Town, South Africa, 1986-1989, arch. Revel Fox and Partners 186 Communication Center, Nairobi, Kenya, 1987/1988-1992, arch. Henning Larsen 188 Headquarters of the Bank of Economic Community of West African States, Lome, Togo, 1987-1992,

arch. Pierre Goudiaby Atepa 190 Shimba Hill Lodge, Shimba, Kenya, 1988, arch. Symbion International, Architects and Interior Desigers 192 Conference Hall, Bamako, Mali, 1989-1994, arch. Chen Taining 194 Supreme Court Complex, Abuja, Nigeria, 1989-1998, arch. Olewole Olumyiwa 196 Headquarters of the Bank of the Economic Community of West African States, Dakar, Senegal, 1990,

arch. Pierre Goudiaby Atepa 198 Headquarters of the Bank of West African States, Ougadougou, Burkina Faso, 1990,

arch. Wango Pierre Sauwadogo 200 Organization of African Unity (OAU) Conference Hall, Abuja, Nigeria, 1991,

arch. Albert Speer and Julius Berger 202 Graduate School of Business, Cape Town, South Africa, 1991, arch. Revel Fox and Partners 204 Retirement Complex, Edgemead, Cape Town, South Africa, 1991, arch. Revel Fox and Partners 206 Johannesburg Branch of the South African Reserve Bank, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1991-1996,

arch. Meyer Pienaar Architects 208 Mixed Development Eastgate, Harare, Zimbabwe, 1991-1996, arch. Pearce Partnership 210 Johannesburg Athletic Stadium, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1992-1995, arch. Arup Associates 212

Ministry Complex, Abuja, Nigeria, 1992-1996, arch. Albert Speer and Partner 214 British High Commission, Nairobi, Kenya, 1997, arch. Hugh Cullum'and Richard Nightingale 216 Total Oil Company Building, Abuja, Nigeria, 1997, arch. Zuhair Ahmed (Triad Associates) 218


Nominators' Statements: 221 David Aradeon Nnamdi Elleh Richard Hughes


Index 232


VOLUME 7 RUSSIA-USSR-CIS

General Editor: Kenneth Frampton Volume Editor: Yuri P. Gnedovsky

mm CHINA ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS

SpringerWienNewYork

CONTENTS



Complimentary Remarks by Ye Rutang, President of the Architectural Society of China-A Record of 20th Century World Architecture XIII


Introductory Essay

by Yuri P. Gnedovsky XVII

Selected Buildings (in chronological order of years of completion) 1

1900-1919

Hotel Metropol, Moscow, Russia, 1905, arch.V. F. Valkotsas, L. Khekhushev and others 4 Ryabushinsky's House, Moscow, Russia, 1906, arch. F. Shekhtel 6 Isakov's Profitable House, Moscow, Russia, 1906, arch. F. Kekushev 10 Pertsov's House, Moscow, Russia, 1907, arch. N. Zhukov, S. Maliutin 12 Markov's Profitable House, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1910, arch. V. Shchuko 14 Nobel's House, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1910, arch. F. Lidval 16 Gorodetsky's Apartment Building, Kiev, Ukraine, 1911, arch. V. Gorodetsky 18 Russian Pavilion at the International Exhibition in Rome, Italy, 1911, arch. V. Shchuko 20 Cathedral of Marfo-Mariinsky Cloister, Moscow, Russia, 1912, arch. A. Shchusev 22 State Bank Building, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia, 1912, arch. V. Pokrovsky 24 Polovtsev's House, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1913, arch.I. Fomin 26 Shcherbatov's House, Moscow, Russia, 1913, arch. A. Tamanov 28

1920-1939

Monument to the III International (Project), Moscow, Russia, 1920, arch. V. Tatlin with T. Shapiro, I. Meerson, M.Vinogradov 32 Kazansky Railway Station Building, Moscow, Russia, 1926, arch. A. Shchusev 34 Radio Tower, Moscow, Russia, 1922, eng. V. Shukhov 36 Soviet Pavilion at the International Exhibition in Paris, France, 1925, arch. K. Melnikov 38 Newspaper "Izvestiya" Building, Moscow, Russia, 1927, arch. G. Barkhin 40 Lenin Institute (Project), Moscow, Russia, 1927, arch. I. Leonidov 42 Gosprom Building, Kharkov, Ukraine, 1928, arch. S. Serafimov, M.Felger, S. Kravets 44 Planetarium Building, Moscow, Russia, 1929, arch. N. Barshch and N. Sinyavsky 46 Rusakov Club, Moscow, Russia, 1929, arch. K. S. Melnikov 48 Architect K. Melnikov's Own House, Moscow, Russia, 1929, arch. K. Melnikov 50 Zuev Club, Moscow, Russia, 1929, arch. I. Golossov 52

Apartment building on Novinsky Boulevard, Moscow, Russia, 1930, arch. M. Ginsburg, I. Milinis 54 Student House-Commune, Moscow, Russia, 1930, arch. I. S. Nikolaev 56 Dwelling Complex on the Serafimovitch Street, Moscow, Russia, 1930, arch. B. lofan 58 Tsentrosoyus Building, Moscow, Russia, 1930, arch. Le Corbusier with participation of P. Zhannere and N. Kolly 60 Government Building, Minsk, Belarus, 1930, arch. I. Langbard 62 V. I. Lenin Mausoleum, Moscow, Russia, 1930, arch. A.V. Shchusev 64 The Rostov Theater, Rostov-on-Don, Russia, 1931, arch. A. V. Shchuko, V.G. Gelfreikh with participation of I. Rozhin, L. Segal 66 V. I. Lenin Dnieprovskaya GES (Dnieper River Power Station), Zaporozhye, Ukraine, 1932, arch. V. Vesnin, N. Koli, G. Orlov, S. Andrievsky. 68 Lensoviet Apartment Building, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1934, arch. E. Levinson, I. Fomin 70 Narkomtyazhprom - People's Commissariat for Heavy Industry, Moscow, Russia, 1934, arch. I. Leonidov 72 Palace of Soviets, project, Moscow, Russia, 1937, competition, arch. B. lofan, V. Shchuko, V. Gekfreih 74 M. Frunze Military Academy, Moscow, Russia, 1937, arch. L.V. Rudnev and V. Muntz 76 Palace of Culture for the Likhachev Plant, Moscow, Russia, 1937, arch. A., V. and L. Vesnin 78 Ordzhonikidse Sanatorium (Narkomtyazhprom), Kislovodsk, Russia, 1937, arch. M. Ginsburg (head), L.Bogadanov, S. Vakhtangov, Y.Gumburg, V.Kalinin, I. Kusmin, L. Leonidov, E. Popov, T.Rappoport, I. Shpalek 80 Soviet Pavilion at the Exposition of Decorative Arts, Paris 1925, France, 1937, arch. B. lofan 82 Northern Riverboat Station Building in Khimki, Moscow, Russia, 1937, arch. A. Rukhlyadev 84 Russian State Library (Lenin Library), Moscow, Russia, 1938, arch. A.V. Shchuko, V.G. Gelfreih 86 Metro Stations in Moscow, Russia (First Stage), 1935-1938 88

Metro Station "Red Gates", 1935, arch., N. Ladovsky (overground vestibule), I. Fomin (underground vestibule) Metro Station "Kropotkinskaya", 1935, arch. A. N. Dushkin, Ya. Likhtenberg Metro Station '.'Mayakovskaya", 1938, arch. A. N. Dushkin

1940-1959

House of Government, Yerevan, Armenia, 1940, arch. A. I. Tumanyan 94 The Vtssps Building, Moscow, Russia, 1936-1959, arch. A. Vlasov 96 Victory Memorials of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, 98

Arch of Heroes, Moscow, Russia, 1942, arch. L.Pavov Stalingrad Defense Museum "Temple of Glory', Stalingrad (Volgograd-Russia), 1942-1943, arch., A. Bourov, S.Satunts Memorial to the Defenders of Stalingrad (Volgograd-Russia), 1943-1944, arch. G.Goltz Memorial on the River Emankment in Tver (Kalinin City-Russia), 1945, arch. N.Colli

Projects of City Restoration after World War II 100 Project of Smolensk, Russia, restoration, 1944, arch. G. Goltz Project of Novgorod, Russia, restoration, 1945, arch. A. Shchusev Project of Novorossiysk (Ukraine) restoration, 1946, arch. B. lofan

Busovnyneft and Azneftezavody Apartment Buildings, Baku, Azerbaijan, 1949, arch. S. Dadashev, M. Useinov 102

Apartment Buildings on the Smolenskaya and on Kaluzhskaya Squares, Moscow, Russia, 1950, arch. I. Zholtovsky _ 104 Station Building, Pushkin, Russia, 1950, arch. E. Levinson, A. Grushke 106 Government House, Baku, Azerbaijan, 1952, arch. L. Rudnev, V. Munts, I. Tkachenko 108 Volga Embankment, Stalingrad, (Volgograd) Russia, 1952, arch. V. Simbirtsev, I. Fialko 110 Volga-Don Canal, Moscow, Russia, 1952, arch. L. Polyakov, R. Yakoubov, A.Rochegov and others 112 Metro Stations in the Moscow Circular Line, Russia 114

Metro Station "Kurskaya", Moscow, 1950, arch. G. Zakharov, Z. Tchernyshova and others Metro Station "Komsomolskaya", Moscow, 1952, arch. A. Shchusev with V. Kokorin, A. Zabolotnaya, V. Varvarin, O. Velikoretsky

Moscow Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia, 1953, arch. L. Rudnev, S. Tchernyov, P. Abrosimov, A. Khriakov; eng. V. Nasonov 116 Kreshchatik, Kiev, Ukraine, 1954, arch. A. Vlasov, A.Dobrovolsky, B.Prigman, A. Zavarov and others 120 Building on Frantsisk Skarina (Leninsky) Prospekt, Minsk, Belarus, 1954, arch. M.P. Parusnikov and N. Barsch and others 124 High—Rise Houses at the Kudrinskaya Square (Vosstania), Moscow, Russia, 1954, arch. M. Posokhin, A. Mndoyantz and others 126 Apartment Complex on Kutuzovsky Prospekt, Moscow, Russia, 1954, arch. S. Rosenfeld, N. Minayev 128 VSHV-VDNH Complex, Moscow, Russia, 1954, masterplan by arch. A. Zhukov, R. Kliks 130 The Ninth Block of New Cheremushki, Moscow, Russia, 1957, arch. N. Osterman, N. Osterman, S.Lyasgebko, G. Pavlov and others 134 Matenadaran, Yereva, Armenia, 1959, arch. M. Grigoryan 136 Palace of Soviets, Moscow, Russia, competition project, 1958, arch. A. Vlasov 138

1960-1979

Teletower in Ostankino, Moscow, Russia, 1967, eng. N. Nikitin, arch. D. Burdin with V. Milashevsky and others 142 Complex of Buildings of the Soviet of Economic Mutual Aid (SEV), Moscow, Russia, 1970, arch. M. Posokhin (head), A. Mndoyants, V. Svirskii, S. Egorov, Y. Semenov, M. Pershin, Z. Dyrmont and others 144 Drama Theater, Tula, Russia, 1970, arch., S. Galajeva, I. Krasilnikov, A. Popov, V. Schulreichter and others 146 Palace of Republic (Lenin Palace), Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, 1970, arch. N. Ripinskii, L. Ukhtobov, V.AIIe, Ratushuyi and others 148 The Moscow Electronic Engineering Institute, Moscow, Russia, 1974, arch. I. Pokrovsky (head of studio), F. Novikov, G. Sayevitch and others 150 Air Terminal "Pulkovo", St. Petersburg, Russia, 1973, arch. A. Zhuk, Zh. Verzhbitsky, G. Vlanin and others 152 Square of Independence (Lenin Square), Tashkant, Uzbekhistan, 1974, arch. B. Mesentsev (head), A. Yakushev, B. Zarnitsky, E. Rosanov, L. Adamov, V. Shestopalov and others 154 Library Building, Ashkhabad, Turkmenistan, 1974, arch. A. Akhmedov and others 156 Ministry of Autoroutes, Tbilisi, Georgia, 1974, arch. P. Chakava (head), S. Dzhalagania, T. Tkhilava, A. Kimber 158 Political Education House, Dushanbe, Tajikstan, 1974, arch. E. Yerzovsky, Yu. Pakhrov and others 160 Zelenograd Central Square, Moscow, Russia, 1975, arch. I. Pokrovsky (head), A. Klimochkin, D. Lischkin, G. Saevich, V. Sverdlovsky and others 162 The Park-Memorial "Sandarapatskaya Battle" with the Museum of Ethnography, Yerevan, Armenia, 1978,

arch. Israelyan, A. Teknedzhyan and others 166

1980-1999

Moscow Theater of Drama and Comedy on Taganka, Moscow, Russia, 1980, arch. A. Anisimov, Yu. Gnedovsky, B. Tarantsev, A. Echeistov, S. Uliyanova and others The Water and Green City System, Minsk, Belarus, 1962-1990, arch. V. Shilnikovskaya and others Covered Bicycle Racetrack, Moscow, Russia, 1980, arch. N. Voronina, A. Ospennikov and others Square of Republic-The President's Palace, Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, 1976-1980, arch. K. Montakharev (head), S. Baymagambetov, O. Tsoi and others Projects of "Paper Architecture", 1980s

Crystal Palace of XX Century, 1982, arch. A. Brodsky, I. Utkin Style of 2001, 1984, arch. N. Bronsova, M. Filippov Crystal Castle, 1984, arch. A. Brodsky, I. Utkin Style of 2001, 1984, arch. A. Bavykhin, S. Bavykhin Ascent of Mankind, View to the Future, arch. L. Batalov, D. Zaitsev House-Amphibian, 1985, arch. A. Shelest, D. Shelest Fourth Residential Complex in an Imaginary City of Magnitogorsk, 1987, arch. Y. Abakumov, Y. Kusin Bridge over the Rubicon, 1987, arch. M. Belov

Architectural Faculty of the Kiev Institute of Civil Engineering, Kiev, Ukraine, 1982, arch. L. Filenko, Korobka, M. Gershenson and others Metro Station of Republic (Lenin Square), Yerevan, Armenia, 1975-1981, arch. A. Torosian, M. Minasian and others Department Store "Moskovsky", Moscow, Russia, 1983, arch. A. Rochegov, O. Gridasov and others Health Resort Complex "Druzhba" (Friendship), Yalta, Ukraine, 1985, arch. I. Vasilevsky (head), Y. Stefanchuk and others Palace of Solemn Ceremonies, Tbilisi, Georgia, 1985, arch. V. Dzhorbenadse. E. Mkervalishvili, B. Orbeladse and others Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 1988, arch. Y. Platonov (head), A. Batyreva, S. Zakharov, A. Zvesdin and others Exhibition Complex "Minsk-Expo", Minsk, Belarus, 1988, arch. L. Moskalevitch (head), G. Lasjavaya, G. Fedosenko, V. Kopilo and others Water and Green City System, Minsk, Belaru, 1962-1990, arch. V. Shilnikovskaya, B. Yurtin, N. Zhlobo, L. Usova, R. Zaikin and others Complex of Cognac Distillery, Yerevan, Armenia, 1990.

The first stage, 1947, arch. O. Markaryan The second stage, arch. S. Nersesyan, B. Arsumanyan, A. Aleksnayan, 1990

Central Office "Moscow-MacDonald's", Moscow, Russia, 1993, arch. Yu. Grigoriev, A. Vorontsov with N. Seegofer, S. Kuznetsova Hotel Nevsky Palace, St. Petersburg, Russia, 1993, arch. Yu. Zemtsov, M. Kondain, N. Popovaskaya, M. Baranovsky, Ye. Barvitsky and the architectural bureau Reko, Reintaller and Partners, Austria Exhibition Hall of the Georgian Culture Foundation, Tbilisi, Georgia, 1994, arch. V. Davitaya Moscow International Bank, Moscow, Russia, 1994, arch. A. Skokan, V. Kaiashin, R. Baishev with Davidson Lindeberg & Architects and Interstudo S.R.L. Apartment Building in Veskovsky Lane, Moscow, Russia, 1995, arch. A. Meerson, E. Podolskaya,

170 172 176

178 180

184

186

188

190

192

194

196

198

200

202 206

208

L. Vishnichenko, D. Dorofeev, Ye. Shapar 212 Bank Building, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia, 1995, arch. Ye. Pestov, A. Kharitonov, I. Goltsev, S. Popov 214 Business Center of the Ministry of Oil and Gas, Ashkhabad, Turkmenistan,arch. A. Cherniyavsky (head), E. Lomakina, I. Chernyavsky, L. Smirnova 216 President's Residence, Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, 1995, arch. K. Montakhaev (head), S. Baymagambetov, 0. Tsoi and others 218 Unibank Building, Moscow, Russia, 1995, arch. D. Solopov, L. Altabayev, L. Livanova, V. Kolosnitrin, 0. Pshenitchnikov 220 Health-improving and Office Center of the Kiev-Donbass Company, Kiev, Ukraine, 1996, arch. V. Zhezherin, 0. Matienko and others 224 "Transrailservice" Building, Moscow, Russia, 1994-1996, arch. A. Asadov, A. Tchastnov with S. Vorobiev, M. Kapeliovitch and others 226 Ross New Town, Grodno Region,Belarus, 1997, arch. A. Nichkasov V. Tarnovsky, V. Karounas, G. Belikov, Yu. Malevitch, A. Parkhouta, V. Yevdokimov, V. Preobrazhensky and others 230 Olympic Village for the First World Youth Games, Moscow, Russia, 1998, arch. S. Mindrul (head), A. Zaitsev, P. Mednek, A. Efimov, A. Marov, A. Muromsky, O. Kedrenovsky, I. Chalov, N. Shestakov, L. Baranovsky, I. Cherkasova, 0. Kravchenko and others 232 Cultural Center "Krasnye Kholmy", Moscow, Russia, 1998, arch. Yu. Gnedovsky, V. Krasilnikov, D. Solopov, M. Gavrilova, S. Gnedovsky and others 234

Nominators' Statements and Voting Chart 238

Andrei V. Ikonnikov 239 Vladimir L. Khait 240 Selim 0. Khan-Magomedov 241 Alexandre P. Kudriavtsev 243 Yuri P. Volchok 246 The Voting Chart


Index 249


VOLUME 8 SOUTH ASIA

General Editor: Kenneth Frampton Volume Editor: Rahul Mehrotra Associate Editors: Preeti Goel Sanghi

Shilpa Ranade

CHINA ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS

C/

SpringerWienNewYork

CONTENTS

Complimentary Remarks by Sara Topelson de Grinberg, Past President of the International Union of Architects (UIA) X

Complimentary Remarks by Vassilis Sgoutas, President of the International Union of Architects (UIA) XI

Complimentary Remarks by Ye Riitang, President of the Architectural Society of China (ASC) -A Record of 20lh Century World Architecture XI

General Introduction by Kenneth Frampton XH

Introductory Essay by Rahul Mehrotra : The Architecture of Pluralism - A Century of

Building in South Asia XVI

Editor's Acknowledgments XXX

Selected Buildings (in chronological order of the years of completion)

1900-1919

Mubarak Mahal, 1900, Jaipur, India, arch. Chiman Lai

Richmond Castle, early 1900s, Kalutara, Sri Lanka, arch, unknown

Standard Chartered Bank, 1902, Bombay, India, arch. F. W. Stevens & Charles F.Stevens

Taj Mahal Hotel, 1904, Bombay, India, arch. W. A. Chambers

Curzon Hall, 1904, Dhaka Bangladesh, arch, unknown

Bombay Gymkhana, 1907, Bombay, India, arch. Charles Fredrick Stevens

Howrah Station, 1908, Calcutta, India, arch. Halsey Ricardo

Bombay Improvement Trust Chawls, 1904 -T908, Bombay, India, arch. Bombay Improvement Trust

General Post Office, 1911, Bombay, India, arch. John Begg

Daly College,1900-1912, Indore, India, arch. Swinton Jacob

Prince of Wales Museum, 1914, Bombay, India, arch. George Wittet

Karachi Port Trust, 1912-1916, Karachi, Pakistan, arch. George Wittet

Royal Institute of Science and Cowasji Jehangir Hall, 1917, Bombay, India, arch. George Wittet

New Patna, 1912-1918, Patna, India, arch. J. F. Munnings

1920-1939

Victoria Memorial, 1921, Calcutta, India, arch. William Emerson J

Clifton Promenade, 1918-1923, Karachi, Pakistan, arch. E. B. Hoare 4

Sindh High Court, 1929, Karachi, Pakistan, arch. Woods Hill, A.J.A. Illingworth and George Wittet t

Secretariat, 1913 -1928, New Delhi, India, arch.Herbert Baker 4

Garrison Church of St. Martin, 1930, New Delhi India, arch. A. Shoosmith 4!

Lalitha Palace, 1930-1931, Mysore, India, arch, E.W. Fritchley H Viceroy's House (now called Rashtrapati Bhavan), 1931, New Delhi, India, arch. Edwin Lutyens S

Mohatta Palace, 1920s-1933, Karachi, Pakistan, arch. Ahmad Hussain Agha X

Connaught Place, 1917-1921/1928-1934, New Delhi India, arch. Robert Tor Russell >

Trinity College Chapel, 1935, Kandy, Sri Lanka, arch. Mr. Gaster S

Gandhi Ashrams (Sabarmati and Sevagram), Ahmedabad (1920s) and Wardha (1936) India, arch.

Mahatma Gandhi with Maganlal Gandhi .n 58 Eros Theatre, 1938, Bombay, India, arch. Bhedwar & Sorabji Architects 62 Uttarayan, 1919-1939, Shantiniketan, Bengal, India, arch. Suren Kar with Rathindranath Tagore 64

1940-1959

Lalbhai House, 1940- 1959, Bombay, India, arch. Claude Batley 68 Baur's Building, 1939 -1941, Colombo Fort, Sri Lanka, arch. K. Engender & W. Muller 70 House in Kandy, 1942, Kandy, Sri Lanka, arch. Andrew Boyd 72 Howrah Bridge, 1943, Calcutta, India, arch. Hubert Shirley-Smith, Cleveland Bridge & Engineering Company 74 Umaid Bhawan Palace, 1944, Jodhpur, India, arch. Henry Vaughan Lanchester 76 Jamshedpur Steel Town,1909, 1919, 1944, Jamshedpur, India, arch. Julian Kennedy, F. C. Temple,

Otto Koenigsberger 78 Golconde House, 1948, Pondicherry, India, arch. Antonin Raymond 80 Karunaratne House, 1951, Kandy, Sri Lanka, arch. Minnette de Silva 82 Headquarters of the Ahmedabad Textile Mill Owner's Association, 1954, Ahmedabad, India, arch.

Le Corbusier 84 College of Arts and Crafts, 1953 -1955, Dhaka, Bangladesh, arch. Muzharul Islam 88 Sarabhai's House, 1951/1954-1956, Ahmedabad, India, arch. Le Corbusier 90 Shodhan House, 1956, Ahmedabad, India, arch. Le Corbusier 92 Mahatma Gandhi Smarak, 1956-1957, New Delhi, India, arch. Vanu G. Bhuta 96 American Embassy, 1958, New Delhi, India, arch. Edward Durrell Stone 98 Capitol Complex , 1956, Chandigarh India, arch. Le Corbusier 100

1960-1979

S. Babar Ali House, 1961, Lahore, Pakistan, arch. M. A. Mirza 106 Ena De Silva House, 1962, Colombo, Sri Lanka, arch. Geoffrey Bawa 108 India International Centre, 1962, New Delhi, India, arch. Joseph Allen Stein (Stein, Doshi & Bhalla) 110 Gandhi Smarak Sangrahalaya, 1958-1963, Ahmedabad, India, arch. Charles Correa 112 Kamlapura Railway Station, 1961 -1963, Dhaka, Bangladesh, arch. Robert Bouigh 114 Teachers-Students Centre, Dhaka University, 1963, Dhaka, Bangladesh, arch.Constantine Doxiadis 116 Harivallabhdas House, 1964, Ahmedabad, India, arch. Achyut P. Kanvinde 118 Indian Institute of Technology, 1959-1966, Kanpur, India, arch. Achyut P. Kanvinde 120 School of Architecture, CEPT, 1966-1968, Ahmedadad, India, arch. Balkrishna Doshi 122 Architect Bawa's Private Residence House, 1969, Colombo, Sri Lanka, arch. Geoffrey Bawa 124 National Institute of Public Administration (NIPA) Building, Dhaka University, 1969,

Dhaka, Bangladesh, arch. Muzharul Islam 126 Architect Islam's Residence, 1964-1969, Dhaka, Bangladesh, arch. Muzharul Islam 128 Loyola Graduate Women's Hostel, 1970, Trivandrum, India, arch. Laurie Baker 130 Lecture Theatres, Jodhpur University, 1969-1971, Jodhpur, India, arch. Uttam Jain 132 Permanent Exhibition Complex, 1972, New Delhi, India, arch. Raj Rewal 134 Centre for Development Studies, 1972, Trivandrum, India, arch. Laurie Baker 136 Madura Club, 1974, Madurai, India, arch. Geoffrey Bawa 138

Indian Institute of Management, 1962-1974, Ahmedabad, India, arch. Louis I. Kahn 146

Pakistan Burmah-Shell Headquarters, 1973/1974-1976, Karachi, Pakistan, arch. Habib Fida Ali 14!

Welcomgroup Mughal Sheraton, 1974-1976, Agra, India, arch. ARCOP-Design Group 141

Rock Garden, 1965-1976 and ongoing, Chandigarh, India, arch. Nek Chand 14S

Angoori Bagh Housing, 1977, Lahore, Pakistan, arch. Yasmeen Lari 151

Limestone Mining and Cement Works Housing, 1978, Joypurhat, India, arch. Muzharul Islam 151

1980-1999

Sangath, 1979-1981, Ahmedabad, India, arch. Balkrishna Doshi (Stein, Doshi & Bhalla) 156

Bhong Mosque, 1932 -1982, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan, arch.Rais Ghazi Mohammad & Craftsmen 158

Parliamentary Complex, 1979-1982, Sri Jayawardenapura(Kotte), Sri Lanka, arch. Geoffrey Bawa 165

Kalakshetra Theatre, 1978-1984, Madras, India, arch. C.N. Raghavendran with D. Appukuttam Nair 161

Lagoonside House, 1982 -1984, Moratuwa, arch. Anura Ratnavibhushana 16S

Asiad Village, 1982, New Delhi, India, arch. Raj Rewal 171

Kanchanjunga Apartments, 1983, Bombay, India, arch. Charles Correa 171

Belgian Embassy, 1984, New Delhi, India, arch. Satish Gujral 171

National Capital Complex, 1984, Dhaka, Bangladesh, arch. Louis I. Kahn 181.

Grameen Bank Housing Programme (Various locations in Bangladesh), 1984, arch. Mohammed Yunus 181

Indian Institute of Management, 1985, Bangalore, India, arch. Balkrishna Doshi 181

University of Ruhunu, 1984 -1986, Matara Sri Lanka, arch. Geoffrey Bawa 18S

Aga Khan Hospital, 1972-1973/1974-1986, Karachi, Pakistan, arch. Payette Associates 19!

Faisal Mosque, 1970-1986, Islamabad, Pakistan, arch. Vedat Dalokay 191

Bahai House of Worship,1976-1979/1980-1986, New Delhi, India, arch.Fariburz Sahba 191

Entrepreneurship Development Institute, 1985/1985-1987, Ahmedabad, India, arch.Bimal Patel 20!

National Institute of Immunology,1988, New Delhi, India, arch. Raj Rewal 20!

Indian Institute of Forest Management, 1989-1988, Bhopal, India, arch. Anant Raje 201

State Trading Corporation, 1989, New Delhi, India, arch. Raj Rewal 211

Aga Khan Maternity Hospital, 1989, Hyderabad, Pakistan, arch. Amirali Qamar 21!

Serena Hotel, 1982-1989, Quetta Pakistan, arch. ARCOP Associates (Ramesh Khosla, Bruce Allan) with Amir Ali Qamar 214

House and Garden, Lunuganga, 1945-1990, Bentota, Sri Lanka, arch. Geoffrey Bawa 211

Jain House, 1989-1990, Lonavala India, arch. Nari Gandhi 211

Aranya Community Housing, 1989-1991 and ongoing, Indore, India, arch.

Balkrishna Doshi (Vastu Shilpa Foundation) 221 SOS Children's Village, 1989-1991, Galle, Sri Lanka, arch. C. Anjalendran 22!

Roman Catholic Cathedral, 1991, Kohima, India, arch. Revathi and Vasant Kamath 22!

Bhatshala House, 1991 -1992, Bhatshala, Bangladesh, arch. Bashirul Haq 22S

British Council Headquarters, 1987/1988-1992, Delhi, India, arch. Charles Correa 221

Jawahar Kala Kendra, 1986-1992, Jaipur, India, arch. Charles Correa 231

Alhamra Arts Council, 1976-1977/1977-1992, Lahore, Pakistan, arch. NayyarAli Dada 234

SOS Children's Village and School, 1994, Bogra, Bangladesh, arch. Raziul Ahsan 231

Kandalama Hotel, 1990-1991/1991 -1994, Dambulla, Sri Lanka, arch. Geoffrey Bawa 23i

Vidhan Bhavan, State Assembly, IndiaT 1980 -1984/1984 -1996, arch. Charles Correa 241

Dar-ul-Hikmat, 1997, Lahore, Pakistan, arch. Kamil Khan Mumtaz 24!

Matri Mandir, 1971-ongoing, Auroville, Pondicherry, India, arch. Roger Anger 244


C. Anjalendran Kazi Khaleed Ashraf Sen Kapadia Romi Khosla Kamil Khan Mumtaz Peter Scriver

Voting Chart 253


Index 257

WORLD ARCHITECTURE 1900-2000: A CRITICAL MOSAIC

VOLUME 9 EAST ASIA

General Editor: Kenneth Frampton Volume Editor: Guan Zhaoye

KM CHINA ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS

CONTENTS

Complimentary Remarks by Sara Topelson de Grinberg, Past President of the International Union of Architects (UIA)

Complimentary Remarks by Vassilis Sgoutas, President of the International Union of Architects (UIA)

Complimentary Remarks by Ye Rutang, President of the Architectural Society of China (ASC) -A Record of 20th Century World Architecture

General Introduction by Kenneth Frampton

Introductory Essay: East Asian Architecture of the 20th Century Preface: East Asian Architecture of the 20th Century by Guan Zhaoye and Wu Yaodong

20th-Century Architecture of China-I: Mainland-by Zhou Denong

20th-Century Architecture of China-ll: Taiwan,Hong Kong,and Macao-by David Lung and Weijen Wang

20th-Century Architecture of Japan-by Hiroyoki Suzuki

20th-Century Architecture of Korea-by Kim Hong Sik

Selected Buildings (in chronological order of the years of completion)

1900-1919

Myongdong Church, 1900, Seoul, ROK, arch. Father Kost

Aomori Bank Memorial Hall, 1904, Aomori, Japan, arch. Sakichi Horie

German Governor's Mansion, 1907, Qingdao, China, arch. Strasser and Mahlke

Kaitou Kaku, 1908, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Josiah Condor

Nara Hotel, 1909, Nara, Japan, arch. Kingo Tatsuno and Yasushi Kataoka

Akasaka Imperial Villa, State Guest House, 1909, Akasaka, Japan, arch. Toukuma Katayama

Sokchojun in Duksoogung Palace, 1900-1910, Seoul, ROK, arch. G. R. Harding

Ganghwa Catholic Church, 1900-1910, Ganghwa, ROK, arch. Unknown

Mitsui & Co. Ltd Yokohama Office, 1911, Yokohama, Japan, arch. Oto Endo and Yunosuhe Sakai

Tokyo Station, 1914, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Kingo Tatsuno

Shikumen-Type Housing in Yuyang Lane, 1914, Shanghai, China, arch. Unknown

Governor's Office, 1919, Taipei, Taiwan, China, arch. Nagano Uhezi

1920-1939 ,

Imperial Hotel, 1923, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Frank Lloyd Wright

Central Telegraph Office, 1925, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Mamoru Yamada

Yenching University, 1926, Beijing, China, arch. Henry William Murphy

Cho Chiku Kyo, 1927, Kyoto, Japan, arch. Kojii Fujii

Dr. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, 1929, Nanjing, China, arch. Lu Yanzhi

Dr. Sun Yat-sen Memorial, 1931, Guangzhou, China, arch. Lu Yanzhi and Lin Kerning

Nishi-Hongannji Temple, Tsukiji Branch, 1934, Tokyo, Japan, arch; Chuta Ito

Open-Air Music Stage, 1932, Nanjing, China, arch. Yang Tingbao

XI

XII

XIII

XIV

XVII

1

4 6 8

10

12 14 16

18

20 22 24 26

30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44

West Nanjing Road Buildings, 1933-1934, Shanghai, China, arch. Ladislaus Hudec et al. 46 Main Building of the Bo-Sung Special Universty, 1934, Seoul, ROK, arch. Park Dongjin 50 Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corporation, 1935, Hong Kong. China, arch. Palmer and Turner 52 Seoul City Assembly, 1935, Seoul, ROK, arch. Lee Cheonseung 54 Tsuchiura Residence, 1935, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Kameki Tsuchiura 56 The Bund (Waitan) Buildings, 1906-1936, Shanghai, China, arch. Palmer & Turner, Lu Qianshou, et al. 58 The Moller Mansion, 1936, Shanghai, China, arch. Unknown 62 Dalian Railway Station, 1937, Dalian, China, arch. Tada Sataro 64 Tokyo National Museum, 1937, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Hitoshi Watanabe 66 St. Mary's Church, 1937, Hong Kong, China, arch. I. N. Chau 68 Taipei Telephone Office, 1938, Taipei, Taiwan, China, arch. Construction Section, Ministry of Communication 70

1940-1959

Iwakuni Choko Kan, 1945, Yamaguchi, Japan, arch. Takeo Sato 74 Central Museum of Liberation, 1948, Pyongyang, DPRK, arch. Kim Diji Hang 76 Railway Station, 1950, Pyongyang, DPRK, arch. Unhnown 78 Museum of Modern Art, Kamakura, 1951, Kanagawa, Japan, arch. Junzo Sakakura 80 Beijing Children's Hospital, 1954, Beijing, China, arch. Leon Hua and Fu Yitong 82 Hiroshima World Peace Memorial Cathedral, 1954, Hiroshima, Japan, arch. Togo Murano 84 Hiroshima Peace Center, 1955, Hiroshima, Japan, arch. KenzoTange and Isamu Noguchi 86 Factory #2 of Chichibu Cement Co., 1956, Chichibu, Japan, arch. Yoshiro Taniguchi/Nikken Sekkei Ltd. 88 Telegraph Building, 1958, Beijing, China, arch. Lin Leyi 90 Sky House - Kikutake Residence, 1958, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Kiyonori Kikutake 92 The Great Hall of the People, 1959, Beijing, China, arch. Zhang Bo and Zhao Dongri 94 The Cultural Palace of Nationalities, 1959, Beijing, China, arch. Zhang Bo et al. 98

1960-1979

Tokyo Metropolitan Festival Hall, 1961, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Kunio Maekawa 102 French Embassy, 1959-1961, Seoul, ROK, arch. Kim Chungup 104 Campus Planning and Luce Church of Dung Hai University, 1955-63, Taichong, Taiwan, China,

arch. I.M. Pei, C.K. Chen and Chao-kang Chang 106 The National Gymnasiums for the 1964 Olympic Games, 1964, Tokyo, Japan,

arch. Kenzo Tange 108 Palace-Side Building, 1966, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Shoji Hayashi and Nikken Sekkei Ltd. 110 Jimei School Village, 1910s-1968, Xiamen, China, arch. Tan Kah Kee et al. 112 Hillside Terrace Apartments, 1969, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Fumihiko Maki 114 Dr. Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, 1972, Taipei, Taiwan, China, arch. Dahong Wang and Associates 116 Nakagin Capsule Tower Building, 1972, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Kisho Kurokawa 118 Monk Jianzhen Memorial Hall, 1973, Yangzhou, China, arch. Liang Sicheng and Zhang Zhizhong 120 Mineral Springs Guest House, Guangzhou, China, 1974, arch. Mo Bozhi 122 Gen-an, 1975, Aichi, Japan, arch. Osamu Ishiyama 124 Row House, Sumiyoshi-Azuma House, 1976, Osaka, Japan, arch. Tadao Ando 126

Hong Kong Art Center, 1977, Hong Kong, China, arch. Taoho Design Arclitects

Masan Catholic Church, 1976-1979, Masan, ROK, arch. Kim Swoogeun

128 130

1980-1999

Cheju Museum of Folk Customs and Natural History, 1975-1980, Cheju, ROK, arch. Kim Hong Sik 134 Hanil Bank Headquarters, 1977-1981, Seoul, ROK, arch. Yoon Seungjoong 136 Fragrance HilJ Hotel, 1981, Beijing, China, arch, leoh Ming Pei + BADI 138 People's Cultural Palace, 1981, Pyongyang, DPRK, arch. Ham Yi-yuen 140 Nago City Hall, 1982, Nago, Japan, arch. Team Zoo 142 Tsukuba Center Building, 1983, Tsukuba, Japan, arch. Arata Isozaki 144 White Swan Hotel, 1983, Guangzhou, China, arch. She Jinan and Mo Bozhi 148 Wuyi Villa, 1983, Fujian, China, arch. Qi Kang, Lai Jukui and Yang Zisheng 150 The National Noh Theater, 1983, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Hiroshi Ohe 152 Korea Hotel, 1985, Pyongyang, DPRK, arch. Unknown 154 Headquarters of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank, 1982-1986, Hong Kong, China,

arch.Norman Foster and Associates 156 Queli Guest House, 1986, Qufu, China, arch. Dai Nianci and Fu Xiurong 160 National Musuem of Contemporary Art, 1984-1986, Gwachun, ROK, arch. Kim Taesoo and Kim Insuk 162 Olympic Athletes and Reporters Apartments, 1986-1988, Seoul, ROK, arch. Woo Gyuseun and Hwang llin 164 The New Beijing Library, 1989, Beijing, China, arch. Yang Yun, Zhai Zhongfan and Hwang Kewu 166 Bank of China Tower, 1989, Hong Kong, China, arch, leoh Ming Pei 168 J. S. Building, 1989, Seoul, ROK, arch. Cho Gunyoung 172 May 1st Acrobatic Stadium, 1989, Pyongyang, DPRK, arch. Se Jai Hi and Se Sang Ho 174 Olympic Sports Center, 1989, Beijing, China, arch. Ma Guoxin and BADI 176 Gallery Bing, 1989-1990, Seoul, ROK, arch. Kim Won 180 Hong Kuo Business Tower, 1990, Taipei, Taiwan, China, arch. C.Y. Lee and Associates 182 The NewTsinghua Univesity Library, 1991, Beijing, China, arch. Guan Zhaoye and Ye Maoxu 184 Citibank Plaza, 1992, Hong Kong, China, arch. Rocco Design Ltd. 186 Amber Hill Villa (Huposhanzhuang) Residential Quarter, 1992, Hefei, China, arch. UREH of Hefei 188 The Museum of the Nanyue King Mausoleum of the West Han Dynasty, 1993, Guangzhou, China,

arch. Mo Bozhi and He Jingtang 190 Fire Station, 1993, Macao, China, arch. Helena Pinto 192 Shin Umeda City, Umeda Sky Building, 1993, Osaka, Japan, arch. Hiroshi Hara 194 New Courtyard Housing in Juer Hutong, 1994, Beijing, China, arch. Wu Liangyong et al. 198 Kansai International Airport, Passenger Terminal Building, Osaka, Japan, 1994,

Osaka, arch. Renzo Piano and Noriaki Okabe 200 No. 1 Dining Hall of Dong Hua University, 1993-1995, Hualian, Taiwan, China,

arch. Kris Yao and Artech Inc. and Architects Collaborative Inc. 204 Shanghai Museum, 1995, Shanghai, China, arch. Xing Tonghe and Teng Dian 206 Barunson Center, 1995, Seoul, ROK, arch. Lee Jongho and Yoang Namchui 208 Tokyo Kasai Rinkai Park View-Point Visitors Center 1995, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Yoshio Taniguchi 210 St. Paulo Cathedral Museum, 1996, Macao, China, arch. Concorcio MV/Grapes-Joao Luis Carrilho da Graca

and Manuel Vicente 212

Multimedia Workshop, 1996, Gifu, Japan, arch. Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa 214 Shanghai Municipal Sports Center, 1974-1997, Shanghai, China, arch. Wei Dunshang and Wang Dinzheng 216 Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Center Extension, 1997, Hong Kong, China, arch.

Wong & Ouyang (HK) Ltd. and Skidmore, Owings & Merrill 218 Nira House, 1997, Tokyo, Japan, arch. Terunobu Fujimori 222 Shanghai Grand Theater, 1998, Shanghai, China, arch. Jean-Marie Charpentier + ECADI 224 Ardyn Bank, 1998, Ulan Bator, Mongolia, arch. Titem Co. Ltd. 226 Building Complex in the Lujiazhui Finance and Trade District of the New Pudong Development Region,

1995-1998, Shanghai, China, arch. SUPDI, ECADI, SOM, WZMH et al. 228 Hong Kong International Airport-Passenger Terminal Building, 1998-1999, Hong Kong, China,

arch. Foster and Partners 232

Nominators' Statements 236 Fu Kecheng

Kim Hong Sik and team

David Lung

Ma Guoxin

Koichi Nagashima and team

Voting Summary 243


Index 250

WORLD ARCHITECTURE 1900-2000:A CRITICAL MOSAIC

VOLUME 10

SOUTHEAST ASIA AND OCEANIA

General Editor: Kenneth FramptonVolume Editors: William S.W. Lim

Jennifer Taylor

K 5 5 CHINA ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING PRESS " -> K ' < J

T.U. Darmstadt • Fachbereich 15Bibliothek Architektur u. Stadtebau

SpringerWienNewYork

*nlar.Nr.i9/f [ //.S""?-

CONTENTS

Complimentary Remarks by Sara Topelson de Grinberg, Past President of the International Union ofArchitects (UIA) - XI

Complimentary Remarks by Vassilis Sgoutas, President of the Internationa Union ofArchitects (UIA) XII

Compl imentary Remarks by Ye Rutang, President of the Architectural Society of China (ASC)

- A Record of 20 t h Century Wor ld Architecture XIII


Introductory Essay-From Nowhere to Somewhere and Beyondon Southeast Asia by Wil l iam S. W. Lim XVH

on Oceania by Jennifer Taylor XXX

Editors'Acknowledgments XL

Selected Buildings 1

Southeast Asia

1900-1919

Vimanmek Palace, Bangkok, 1901, arch. Prince Narisaranuwatiwong 4

Istana Sri Menanti, Negeri Sembilan, Seremban, 1908, builders: Tukang Kahar & Tukang Taib 8Pyre for Rama V, Bangkok, 1911, arch. Phraya Rajasongkram (Korn Hongsakul) 12Ubudiah Mosque, Kuala Kangsar, Perak, 1917, arch. A. B. Hubback, PWD "~ 141920-1939Aula ITB (Institut Teknologi Bandung), Bandung, 1920, arch. Henry Maclaine Pont 18Majestic Theater, Singapore, 1927, arch, unknown 22stana Kenangan, Kuala Kangsar, Perak, 1931, builders: Haji Sopian and sons 24Metropolitan Theater, Manila, 1931, arch. Juan M. Arellano 26Clifford Pier, Singapore, 1931, arch. Public Works Department 30Sultan Sulaiman Mosque, Klang, Selangor, 1932, arch. L. Kesteven 32Singapore Railway Station and Hotel, Singapore, 1932, arch. Swan and Maclaren 34The Municipal Office Building, Rangoon, 1933, arch. A.G. Bray and U Maung Tin 36Villa Isola, Bandung, 1933, arch. Wolff Shoemaker 38Grand Lycee Yersin, Dalat, 1935, arch. J. Lagisquet 42The Central Market, Phnom Penh, 1937, arch. Jean Desbois and Louis Chauchon 46Anglo-Oriental Building, Kuala Lumpur, 1937, arch. A. O. Coltman, Booty, Edwards & Partners 48

1940-1959

Tiong Bahru Flats, Singapore, 1941, arch. Singapore Improvement Trust (SIT) 52Rachadamnern Boulevard Row House, Bangkok, 1946, arch. Chitrasen Abhaiwongse 54Federal House, Kuala Lumpur, 1954, arch. B. M. Iversen 56Asia Insurance Building, Singapore, 1954, arch. Ng Keng Siang 58Lee Yian Lian Building, Kuala Lumpur, 1959, arch. E. S. Cooke 60

1960-1979

Parliament Building, Kuala Lumpur, 1963, arch. W. Ivor Shipley, J. K. R. 64Singapore Conference Hall and Trade Union House, Singapore, 1965, arch. Malayan Architects Copartnership 66La Cite, Sihanouk, Phnom Penh, 1965, arch. Vladimir Bodiansky, Gerald Hanning with Vann Molyan 70State Mosque, Negeri Sembilan, Seremban, 1967, arch. Malayan Architects Co-Partnership 72Geology Building, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 1968, arch. Malayan Architects Co-Partnershipz 74Theater for the Performing Arts-Cultural Center of the Philippines, Manila, 1969, arch. Leandro Locsin andAssociates 76Panabhandhu School, Classroom and Dormitory Building, Bangkok, 1970, arch. Ongard Architects 80British Council Building, Bangkok, 1970, arch. Sumet Jumsai & Associates 82People's-Park Complex, Singapore, 1973, arch. Design Partnership 84Golden Mile Complex, Singapore, 1973, arch. Design Partnership 86National Arts Center of the Philippines, Mt. Makiling, Los Bahos, 1976, arch. Leandro V. Locsin 88Science Museum, Bangkok, 1977, arch. Sumet Jumsai & Associates 90

1980-1999

Bank of America Building, Bangkok, 1983, arch. Robert G. Boughey & Associates 94Walian House, Kuala Lumpur, 1984, arch. Jimmy Lim Cheok Siang 96Soekarno-Hatta International Airport, Jakarta, 1.985, arch. Soejano & Rachman 100The Robot Building, Bangkok, 1986, arch. Sumet Jumsai & Associates 104Menara Maybank Tower, Kuala Lumpur, 1987, arch. Hijjas Kasturi Associates Sdn ' 108Central Market and Central Square, Kuala Lumpur, 1989, arch. William Lim Associates & Chen Voon Fee 110Reuter House, Singapore, 1990, arch. William Lim Associates & Chen Voon Fee 114Menara Mesiniaga, Subang Jaya, Selang'or, 1992, arch. T. R. Hamzah and Yeang Sdn 116Eu House, Singapore, 1993, arch. Bed'mar and Shi Designers Pte Ltd 120Bhd Chedi Bandung, Bandung, 1993, arch. Kerry Hill Architects ~ 122The Datai, Langkawi Island, 1993, arch. Arkitek Jururancang (M) Sdn Bhd. & Kerry Hill Architects 124Floirendo Family Villas, Samal Island, Davao, 1993, arch. Francisco Mahosa and Partners 128Balina Serai, Indonesia, 1994, arch. Kerry Hill Architects 132Tan House, Bandung, 1994, arch. Tan Tjiang Ay 134Abelia Apartments, Singapore, 1994, arch. TangGuanBee Architects 136Boat Quay Conservation Area, Singapore, 1994, arch, various 138

Oceania

1900-1919

Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, Christchurch, 1905, arch. Francis William Petre 142

Main Reading Room, State Library of Victoria, Melbourne, 1911, arch. Bates, Peebles and Smart 144'Eryldene', Sydney, 1914, arch. William Hardy Wilson 146Tauroa Homestead, Hawkes Bay, 1916, arch. William Henry Gummer 150Newman College, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 1917, arch. Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony 152'Belvedere'(Stephens House), Sydney, 1919) arch. Alexander Stewart Jolly 154

1920-1939

'Greenway', (Wilkinson House), Sydney, 1923, arch. Leslie Wilkinson 158Civic Theatre, Auckland, 1929, arch. Bohringer, Taylor and Johnson 160

Macpherson Robertsonis Girls High School, Melbourne, 1934, arch. Seabrook & Fildes 162

Wellington Railway Station, Wellington,1937, arch. William Gray Young, Morton and Young 164

1940-1959

Berhampore Flats, Wellington, 1940, arch. Francis Gordon Wilson 168

Hamill House, Sydney, 1949, arch. Sydney Ancher 170Rose Seidler House, Sydney, 1949, arch. Harry Seidler 172Stanhill Flats, Melbourne, 1950, arch. Frederick Romberg 174Grounds House, Melbourne, 1953, arch. Roy Grounds 176Muller House, Sydney, 1955, arch. Peter Muller 178Olympic Swimming Pool, Melbourne, 1956, arch. Borland, Mclntyre, John and Phyllis Murphy 180

' Boyd House, Melbourne, 1958, arch. Robin Boyd 182Cl House, Melbourne, 1959, arch. Bates, Smart and McCutcheon 1841960-1979

War Memorial Hall, Wanganui, 1960, arch. Newman, Smith and Greenhough 188Chapel of Futuna, Wellington, 1961, arch. John Scott 190Rickard House, Sydney, 1961, arch. Bruce Rickard 192Woolley House, Sydney, 1962, arch. Ken Woolley 194C. B. Alexander College, Tocal, 1964, arch..Philip Cox and Ian McKay 196Wentworth Memorial Church, Sydney, 1965, arch. Clarke Gazzard 198Union College Hall of Residence, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 1965, arch. James Birrell 200Athfield House, Wellington, 1965-, arch. Ian Athfield 202Australia Square, Sydney, 1967, arch. Harry Seidler 206Seidler House, Sydney, 1967, arch. Harry Seidler __ 210Christchurch Town Hall, Christchurch, 1972, arch. Warren & Mahoney Architects Ltd 212Sydney Opera House, Sydney, 1973, arch. Jorn Utzon and Hall, Todd and Littlemore 214Cameron Offices, Canberra, 1976, arch. John Andrews 218National Athletics Stadium, Canberra, 1977, arch. Philip Cox and Partners 222Air Niugini Staff Housing, Korobosea, 1978, arch. Russell Hall with D. Collins of National Housing Commission 224

1980-1999

Jackson House, Shoreham, 1980, arch. Daryl Jackson 228Nicholas and Carruthers Houes, Mt. Irvine, 1980, arch. Glenn Murcutt 230Raun Raun Theatre, Goroka,1982, arch. Paul Frame and Rex Addison 232Yulara Tourist Resort, Yulara, 1984, arch. Philip Cox and Partners 234Papua New Guinea National Parliament Building, Waigani, 1984, arch. Cecil Hogan of PNG Department ofWorks and Supply and Peddle Thorp 238Riverside Centre, Brisbane, 1986, arch. Harry Seidler 242Parliament House of Australia, Canberra, 1988, arch. Mitchell/ Giurgola & Thorp 246Sydney Football Stadium, Sydney, 1988,.arch. Cox, Richardson & Taylor 250Brambuk Living Cultural Centre, Halls Gap,1990, arch. Gregory Burgess 252Beach House, St. Andrews Beach, 1991, arch Nonda Katsalidis 254Parliament of Fiji, Suva, 1992, arch. Vitia Architects and the Fijian Government Architects 256Great Southern Stand, Melbourne Cricket Ground, Melbourne, 1992, arch. Tompkins Shaw & Evans/ DarylJackson 258Governor Phillip and Governor Macquarie Tower, Sydney, 1994, arch. Denton Corker Marshall 260Headquarters for the South Pacific Commission, Noumea, 1994, arch. Architects Pacific 262

Melbourne Exhibition Centre, Melbourne, 1996, arch Denton Corker Marshall 264Pugh House, Wellington, 1996, arch. Melling, Morse Architects 266Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Centre, Noumea, 1998, arch. Renzo Piano Workshop 268


Southeast Asia 273Chen Voon Fee 273Richard K.F. Ho 273Sumet Jumsai 274Duangrit Bunnag 274Franciso "Bobby " Mafiosa 275Yuswadi Saliya 276Brian Brace Taylor 276

Oceania 278"Philip James Goad 278Andrew Metcalf 278Rahim B. Milahi 279Neville Quarry 279Russell Walden . 280Julia Gatley 280

General BibliographySoutheast AsiaOceania

Index

281281282

283Southeast Asia 283Oceania 286

world architecture 1900-2000 a critical mosaic ......executive and legislative complex, 1847-1926,...

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