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Best Practices for Workplace Charging

Workplace Charging WorkshopDetroit, June 18, 2013Jasna Tomic – CALSTART

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Growing Number of PEV Models

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Agenda» Why workplace charging» How Best Practices were developed» Elements of the Best Practices for Workplace Charging

» Gain Internal Support – Survey – What to Install - Charging Equipment Options and Costs - Establish Internal Procedures – Monitor and Evaluate

» Employer Policies Supportive of EVs» Taxes and Incentives» Examples of Workplace Charging

Monthly Sales

EV Sales Compared to HEV

Numbers of Workplace Chargers

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Source Navigant

CURRENT NUMBERS - ?DOE’s Alt Fuel Station Locator

7,500 EV stations total6,100 EV private

1 Workplace Charger for Every 3 PEVs

= Need 300,000 workplace EVSE by 2017

210,000

350,000

Fills a critical gap in PEV Infrastructure needs

Extends the range of PEVs and builds the market

Allows for more electric only miles for PHEV’s

Creates local ‘PEV showrooms’ for info sharing on vehicles

EV’s can act as ‘employee pool cars’ for day trips

Importance of Workplace Charging

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How Best Practices for Workplace Charging Were Developed

Workshop I (July 2012 –

Google)

Survey of companies

7 Interactive Monthly

Web Meetings

Interviews with

Pioneering and

Interested Companies

Review of Relevant

Reports and Literature

EEVI – Employer EV Initiative

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Elements of Best Practices for Workplace Charging

Gain Internal Support

Employee Survey & Site Electrical System Evaluation

Choose Appropriate System

Install System

Establish Internal Procedure

Monitor and Evaluate

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Gain Internal Support

Company Management

Interested Employees

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Employee Survey

• No. of vehicles leased or purchased

• Commuting distances• Interest to charge at work

Electrical System Evaluation

• Electrical Panel• Circuit Breakers• Wiring

Employee Survey & Site Electrical System Evaluation

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EVSE Options & Hardware Costs

• Level 1• Level 2• Fast Charging ?• How many

EVSEs?

Installation Cost

• Siting• Power

requirements• Permits

Operational Costs

• Electricity Cost• Facility/Demand

Charge• Network costs

Choose Appropriate System

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How Many Chargers?

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Costs» Hardware costs

» Level 1… just the cord to ~$1,000» Level 2: $500 - $5,000» DC Fast charging: $15,000

» Installation costs» Can vary greatly depending on site conditions» Few $100 to $5,000 per EVSE

» Operating costs» Commercial el rates in US $ 0.8 -0.15/kWh» Network costs – site host, monthly charge $30/EVSE, membership

for user» Demand charges – can be avoided if managed, cost $10-30/kW

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Install SystemDetermine

recharging site(s)

Closer to existing electric utility equipment is cheaper, adding new circuits and conduit can

increase capital costs significantly

Review traffic, pedestrian flow, parking requirements, and ADA

compliance issues

Consider such safety, proper and sufficient lighting, potential shelter from weather, general

personal/ property security, and signage

Determine additional retrofit needs, including landscaping

Estimate electrical load at site(s)

Determine whether to use Level 1 or 2 charging or other

Obtain charger requirements from vehicle and charger

suppliers

Determine the appropriate number of EVSE units

Consider expectations for future expansion now, taking

into account the facility’s electrical capacity

Contact EVSE suppliers

Confirm charging needs, types, and costs. A listing of suppliers www.pluginamerica.org/accessories

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Buy equipment that takes advantage of the total time

employees are parked to minimize your equipment and

utility costs

Contact Utility Assess existing electricity supply - is it adequate?

If no, determine necessary electrical service upgrades

Review metering requirements and elective options

Consider using load management equipment.

Check with utility if they offer special daytime EV charging

rates

Contact pertinent permitting agencies

and obtain all pertinent building and use permits.

Identify special local fire, construction, environmental, or

building requirementsObtain all applications Determine additional

permitting costsDetermine site plan

requirements

Hire the prime contractor and verify

contractor subcontractor

credentials.

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Establish Internal Procedures

Level of Access

Public or Private Access

Combine with fleet use

Priority

EVs vs PHEVs

Employees and Guest

Fleet vehicles

System Optimizatio

n

Integrate DG

Consider total building load

Vehicle - Building – Grid

(V2G)

Payment options

$/h, $kWh

Flat monthly rate

Free

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Monitor & Evaluate

Understand Usage• Number of vehicles• Frequency & duration

of charging• Electricity use kWh

Evaluate Cost• Operating• Maintenance• Management

Future Plans• Expansion• Billing• System Optimization

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Employee Policies Supportive of PEVs

» Cash incentives up to $4,000 for purchasing or leasing a qualified PEV

» Company paid monthly lease – HOV access» Free charging at work

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Tax Questions

While no specific rules mention EV charging, these rules are being used as guidelines» Taxpayers can exclude from gross income any fringe

benefit that qualifies as a “de minimis” fringe benefit (section 132(a)(4) of the Code). EV charging not specifically identified

» Section 132 (f)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code, “Commuter Tax Benefits,” allows for a fringe benefit exclusion for qualified parking. In 2013 this value was $245 per month.

Since PEV charging is not explicit, related examples of

de minimus limits are:

PEV Workplace Charging Employee BenefitIRS Tax Code: definition of “de minimus” benefits

Source: http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p15b.pdf

Consult your tax professionals for official guidance.

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Incentives» Local and regional incentives – employee commute reduction

programs (large cities)» 13 states have pending incentives for EVs

» HOV lanes» Tax exemption or credits

» December 31, 2013, can deduct cost of the equipment and installation, up to $30,000, under the Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit Act. www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/f8911.pdf

» Up to 3 LEED credits

Headers, Blue, Bold, Calibri 44

EXAMPLES

EV Employer Initiative

EV Chargers at Fox StudiosCurrently have 20 Level 2 chargers• 17 Blink and 3 Clipper Creek• 4 in each parking structure, 3 on lot, 1 in transportation• 40 - 50 users at present

Why Install EV Chargers?Employee interest• Hybrid & EV incentive program• EVs in fleet

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Dynamic Sealing Technology (MN)

» Employee demand for EV support

» 2 EVSE» No internal policy right

now

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Department of General Services (CA)• DGS funding for the purchase

and installation of 24 level II Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging stations. March 2012

• The EVSE stations have been used 44 times a month

• Users aare monthly and public parkers

• DGS plans on installing 9 additional EV charging stations at the Fleet Garage located 1416 10th Street in Sacramento to support the DGS electric vehicle fleet.

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Rutgers University Infrastructure» Level 2 Chargers:

» 3 existing (+4 coming soon)» Solar Parking Canopy

» 8 MWp 32 Acres!

» Planning Process» Usage Data» Experiences

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Evernote

» 44 PEVs» 10 EVSE» HOV subsidy

program

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Developing Tools and Resources for Workplace Charging

Website to share resources across regions and showcase case studies www.evworkplace.org

Understand Barriers to faster growth Identify process steps that are too costly and/or lengthy Identify successfully implemented programs – what makes

them special Workplace Charging – Best Practices Guideline with regular

updates

CA Plug-in Collaborative - WG on workplace charging Quick guide for workplace charging Case studies on workplace charging

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTWhitney Pitkanen, Mary Kathryn Campbell

Funded in Part by: Bay Area AQMD, South Coast AQMD, CA Plug-in Vehicle Collaborative

CALSTART Clean Transportation

Technologies and Solutions

Jasna Tomicjtomic@calstart.org