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Petronas Twin Tower Sepang International circuit

AFamosa

Sultan Abdul Samad Building Kuala Lumpur International Airport



The Sepang International

Circuit (SIC) is the venue used for the Formula One Malaysian Grand

Prix, A1Grand Prix as well as the

Malaysian Motorcycle Grand Prix.It is also used as a venue for

many other major motorsport

events.



` View of Sepang International Circuit.



` Malaysian A1 car at the Sepang InternationalCircuit.



The circuit was designed by German

designer Hermann Tilke, who wouldsubsequently design the new facilities in

Shanghai, Bahrain and Turkey.

The main circuit, normally raced in a

clockwise direction, is 5.54 kilometers long, andis noted for its sweeping corners and wide

straights. The layout is quite unusual, with a very

long back straight separated from the pit straight

by just one very tight hairpin.



` A Petronas car on the track.



Other configurations of the Sepang

circuit can also be used. The northcircuit is also raced in a clockwise

direction. It is basically the first half of

the main circuit. The course turnsback towards the pit straight after turn

6 and is 2.71 kilometers long in total.



` F1 Grand Prix.



The south circuit is the other half of the

racecourse. The back straight of the maincircuit becomes the pit straight when thesouth circuit is in use, and joins onto turn 8of the main circuit to form a hairpin turn.

Also run clockwise, this circuit is 2.61 kmin length.

Sepang International Circuit alsofeatures kart racing and motocross

facilities.



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PETRONAS TWIN TOWER



The Petronas Twin Towers (also

known as the Petronas Towers or just Twin Towers), in Kuala

Lumpur, Malaysia are twin

towers and were the world's tallest buildings, before being

surpassed by Taipei 101. However,

the towers are still the tallest twin

buildings in the world.



They were the world's tallest buildings

from 1998 to 2004 if measured from thelevel of the main entrance to the

structural top, the original height

reference used by the US-based CouncilTall Buildings and Urban Habitat from

1969 (three additional height categories

were introduced as the tower nearedcompletion in 1996).



� Petronas

Twin Tower

in the night.



History

Designed by Argentine-American architect

Cesar Pelli, the Petronas Towers were

completed in 1998 and became the tallest

buildings in the world on the date of

completion. They were built on the site of

Kuala Lumpur's race track. It was built under

administration of Malaysias forth PrimeMinister, Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad.



A park in front of Petronas Twin Towers



Structures

The 88-floor towers are constructed

largely of reinforced concrete, with a steel

and glass facade designed to resemble

motives found in islamic art, a reflection of

Malaysia's Muslim religion. Another Islamic

influence on the design is that the cross-

section of the towers is based on a Rub el Hizb(albeit with circular sectors added to

meet office space requirements).



From the belowof the towers.



Due to a lack of steel and the huge cost of importing steel, the towers were constructed on a

cheaper radical design of super high-strengthreinforced concrete. High-strength concrete is amaterial familiar to Asian contractors and twice aseffective as steel in sway reduction; however, itmakes the building twice as heavy on its foundation

than a comparable steel building. Supported by 23-by-23 meter concrete cores and an outer ring of widely-spaced super columns, the towers use asophisticated structural system that accommodatesits slender profile and provides from 1300 to 2000

square metres of column-free office space perfloor.Below the twin towers is Suria KLCC, a shoppingmall, and Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra.



The mighty Petronas Twin Tower



The truth



.



. This wonderfulsightseeing

attractsthousands of tourists daily .

A Famosa

at night



In 1511 a Portuguese fleet arrived under thecommand of Alfonso De Albuquerque. His forcesattacked and successfully defeated the armies of theMelaka Sultanate. Moving quickly to consolidate his

gains, Albuquerque had the fortress built around anatural hill near the sea. Albuquerque believed thatMelaka would become an important port linkingPortugal to the spice trade from China. At this timeother Portuguese were establishing outposts in suchplaces as Macau, China and Goa, India in order tocreate a string of friendly ports for ships heading toChina and returning home to Portugal.



The mighty A·Famosa



The fortress once consisted of long ramparts and fourmajor towers. One was a four-story keep, while the othersheld an ammunition storage room, the residence of thecaptain, and an officers' quarters. Most of the village

clustered in town houses inside the fortress walls. AsMelaka's population expanded it outgrew the original fortand extensions were added around 1586. The fort changedhands in 1641 when the Dutch successfully drove the

Portuguese out of Melaka.

The Dutch renovated the gate in1670, which explains the logo "ANNO 1670" inscribed onthe gate's arch. Above the arch is a bas-relief logo of theDutch East India Company .



One of The Mostfamous Sight in

Malaysia



The Sultan Abdul Samad Building islocated in front of the DataranMerdeka- literally the IndependenceSquare - and the Royal Selangor Club,by Jalan Tunku Abdul Rahman inKuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Thestructure takes its name from Sultan

Abdul Samad, the reigning sultan of Selangor at the time whenconstruction began.



y Sultan Abdul Samad Building in the morning.



HistoryIt was designed by A .C. Norman and

built in 1894-1897 to house several

important government departmentsduring the British Administration. A .C. Norman spent time in Africa and saw

Muslim mosques inIndia which ledhim to use Moorish architecture in the

building's design.



In 1945, when World War 2 ended, Britain

resumed control again, but Malaya's independencemovement had matured and organized itself in analliance under Tunku Abdul Rahman. When theBritish flag was finally lowered in Kuala Lumpur's

Merdeka Square in 1957, Tunku became the firstprime minister of Malaya.

In front of the building is the Dataran Merdeka

(or Merdeka Square). It was here, the Union Jackflag was lowered and the Malayan flag hoisted for

the first time at midnight on August 31, 1957.



Sultan Abdul Samad Building from Padang Merdeka



FeaturesTopped by a shiny copper dome and a 40m high clock

tower, it is a major landmark in the city . It serves as thebackdrop for important events such as the National Day

Parade on August 31 and the ushering in of the New Year. This heritage building used to be occupied by the then Apex Court of Malaysia, The Supreme Court which wassubsequently renamed the Federal Court. The Court of Appeal was also housed in this historic building. The

Federal Court and the Court of Appeals have since movedto the Palace of Justice located in Putrajaya, the newFederal administrative capital. The Sultan Abdul SamadBuilding now houses the Commercial Division of the HighCourt of Malaya.



Behind the building flows theKlang River and Gombak River'sconfluence and in the middle of

where the 2 rivers meet stands TheMasjid Jamek (or Jamek Mosque), amosque of similar design by the

same architect.



Kuala Lumpur International Airportcommonly known as KLIA is one ofAsia's major aviation hubs. It is also

Malaysia·s main international airport.It is situated in the Sepang district, inthe south of the state of Selangor,about 50 kilometers (31 mi) from thecapital city, Kuala Lumpur. KLIA wasbuilt at a cost of some US$3.5 billion.



� The KLIA from the sky.



The planning of KLIA began in 1990when the government decided that theexisting Subang International Airport

(now Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport)could not handle future demand.Malaysia's Prime Minister Mahathir binMohamad was a prime driver behind theproject, which was seen as an importantcomponent of the Multimedia SuperCorridor.



� The KLIA satellite terminal.



With the airport site spanning 100 km2,it is one of the largest airport sites in the

world. It is built on a piece of agriculturalland and required no demolition ofprivate property. The master plan of

Kuala Lumpur International Airportinvolves constructing five runways, andtwo terminals accompanied by twosatellite terminals for each terminal overthree phases.



Phase One development includes

constructing one main terminalaccompanied by one satelliteterminal that is enough toaccommodate 25 million passengers

and dual full service runways. Underthe implementation of Phase One,sixty contact piers, twenty remoteparking bays with eighty aircraft

parking positions, four maintenancehangars and fire stations will bebuilt.



Implementation of phase two andthree will be expansions of theairport to include increasing number

of passengers. Ultimately, theairport will be able to handle 100million passengers per annum onceall three phases are implemented.



� The KLIA main terminal.

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