• What percentage of food from this group?

• End products of carbohydrate metabolism

• Types - mono, di, oligo, and polysaccharides

– fiber, cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins, lignins

– starch, dextrins, maltose, glucose

– alcohols, methyl, propyl, isopropyl,

• Function

• How many servings?– Breakfast -- two– Lunch -- two– Supper -- one

• Serving size -- appropriate for you• Layers of a grain -- bran, vitamin and

mineral, starch and protein, germ

• Importance to the diabetic -- staff of life

Form– fresh, whole, juiced, pureed– dried, canned– cooked, uncooked

How many servings? One, two, or three at breakfast One or none at supper

Serving size Consider weight, blood sugar level, comfort

• Resveratrol - Resveratrol - anticoagulantanticoagulant

from fruits

from fruits

• Elagic acid - Elagic acid - prevents gout, anticancerprevents gout, anticancer

• Vitamin C - Vitamin C - antioxidant, cancer inhibitionantioxidant, cancer inhibition

• Beta carotene - Beta carotene - anti-aging, anticanceranti-aging, anticancer

• Coumarins - Coumarins - prevents excessive clottingprevents excessive clotting

• Limonoids - Limonoids - disarms carcinogensdisarms carcinogens

• Plant enzymes and sterols - Plant enzymes and sterols - anticlots, anticanceranticlots, anticancer

• Alliin• Quercetin• Lycopenes• Flavonoids

anticancer • quercetin• cyanidins

of vegetables

• SourcesPlant

• Nuts• Legumes• Protein derivatives

Animal• Downside of animal proteins for diabetics

• Servings - grams needed daily

Viruses cancer multiple sclerosis unknown

Bacteria Diabetogenic factors Adverse eye factors Metabolic burden for kidneys and liver

Good sources?Good sources? Grams daily?Grams daily? What about therapeutic What about therapeutic

fats? fats?– Vitamins, fat soluble– Mineral oil– Flaxseed, balanced oils

Free or combined fats?Free or combined fats?

Monosaccharides - glucose, fructose

Disaccharides - sucrose, maltose, lactose

Polysaccharides

Fiber - cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins, lignins

Starch - maltose, glucose, dextrins

Alcohol - methyl, propyl, isopropyl, ethyl

Inositol Glucosamine Hyaluronic acid Sorbitol Saccharin sodium Aspartame dipeptide Cyclamate calcium

Energy food, vitamin and mineral tagalongs Protein sparing Fat metabolism requirement Antitoxin Anti-carcinogen Cleansing and stimulating the bowel Nerve and blood vessel precursor material

Form of carbohydrate - sugar, alcohol, starch

Mixture of nutrients, the greater, the slower

Stomach irritants (vinegar, spices, black & red pepper)

Alcohol

Poor chewing increases HCl production in stomach as

do high protein foods, salty foods, alcohol, & drugs

In one hour, in. of jejunum absorbs oz. glucose.

Hyaluronic acid - fruits, nuts, olives, avocado Deficiency detaches the vitreous and leads to permanent floaters.

Glucosamine - fruits, grains, beans Deficiency leads to skeletal disorders.

Choline - beans, peas, grains; keeps tendons firmDeficiency results from refined grains, junk food, soft drinks and causes decreased appetite control, nerve disorders.

to avoid disease

Diabetic Neuropathy• myoinositol - cantaloupe, citrus, legumes, soybeans

to avoidto avoiddiseasedisease

Diabetic Retinopathy• hyalouronic acid - fruits (blueberries), nuts, olives, avocados

Overweight • high fiber and water content, low calorie foods

Osteoporosis• boron, zinc, magnesium, water, calcium

• Water drinking– thirst interpreted as hunger– highly concentrated foods

• Exercise– hormone balance - GH, estrogen, serotonin

• Regularity– two meals and supper for some

• Appetite stimulants – refined, fermented, salty or sweet foods– coffee, spices– insulin levels, base line and after meals

• overeating, snacking

Choline– fruits and vegetables provide protective nutrients– variety at meals, during the week

Habits– snacking, entertaining, eating out, serving

size, pot lucks

Disorder– surroundings, sleep, schedule

• Sorbitol in apples for constipation

• Polyphenols in apples, grapes, blueberries for viruses

• Glycyrrhiza from licorice for infections, caries

• Vinyl dithiins from heated garlic for asthma

• Alliin from garlic for blood clots

• Flavones from soy for the heart and cancer

• Saponins from citrus for breast cancer

• Indole-3-carbinol from cabbage or broccoli for warts

• Adhesin inhibitor from cranberries and blueberries for cystitis