WEB SERVICES AND EMERGENT WEB SERVICES AND EMERGENT ORGANIZATIONS: OPPORTUNITIES AND ORGANIZATIONS: OPPORTUNITIES AND

CHALLENGES FOR IS DEVELOPMENTCHALLENGES FOR IS DEVELOPMENT

Mauro BelloMaddalena Sorrentino

Francesco Virili

ECIS 2002, 7 June 2002

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• Emphasis on formal analysis and design• User satisfaction• Complete set of abstract requirements• Abstract requirements -> system

specifications• Rigorous advance planning

IS development goalsIS development goals

Assumption: Organizational stability

Source: (Truex et al., 1999)

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Typical IS life cycle economy Typical IS life cycle economy

Cost

Time

Analysis and Design

Maintenance

System replacement

Source: (Truex et al., 1999)

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Stable systems in unstable organizations…

Violating the stability Violating the stability assumptionassumption

stable systems drag

The organization must adapt to both its environment and its outdated IT systems

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IS life cycle economyIS life cycle economyin emergent organizationsin emergent organizations

Source: (Truex et al., 1999)

Analysis and Design

Maintenance

Cost

Time

Web services?

Cost

Time

Analysis and Design

Maintenance

System replacement

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The core ideas of Web servicesThe core ideas of Web services

• Component based software– Don’t build: (re)use

• Standardization for dynamic access via Web– Unique way, global search, wide choice

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Extending IS functionalities:Extending IS functionalities:Yahoo! mapsYahoo! maps

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Integration of map function:Integration of map function:a proprietary solutiona proprietary solution

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The Web Services architectureThe Web Services architecture

Service Registry

Service Requestor

Service ProviderBind

Find Publish

SOAP

WSDL, UDDI WSDL, UDDI

XML

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Leveraging Web services:Leveraging Web services:Expedia mapsExpedia maps

What is changed in IS development?

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The research projectThe research project

– Objective

• exploring the role of Web Services for IS development

– Research questions

• What is changing? What are the critical/success

factors in implementation?

– Focus

• Banking industry

• Integration of new functionalities; WS architecture

– Methodology

• qualitative approach, case study

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Conclusion: open questionsConclusion: open questions

• Theoretical framework and methodology– Four-layered IS development “open” taxonomy

framework by Iivari et al., (2001): is it flexible

enough?

– Is it powerful enough to interpret the cases and

give an answer to the questions?

– Alternative frameworks?

– Case studies: what data to collect and how?

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• Truex, Baskerville and Klein (1999)“They include many of today’s commercial and

governmental organizations”(no explicit characterization)

• Deterministic frameworks– Organic vs/mechanistic paradigms (Burns and Stalker,

1961)– Contingency theory characterizations

• (Galbraith, 1994) contextual variables• (Pugh et al., 1968) structural variables

• Nondeterministic characterization:– Phenomenological perspective (Ciborra and Pugliese,

1997): “bricolage”, “second level learning” organizational design

EmergentEmergent organizations organizations

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IS development with IS development with Web ServicesWeb Services

• Building (Creating new Web Services)

• Deployment (Publication on a service registry)

• Running

• Management

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• Banca del Gottardo, Lugano– 3d bank in Switzerland for private banking; 10 branches,

about 80 workstations; Web browser front-ends• Selected Web Services application areas

– Retail banking services (central host)– Local treasury management services (secondary host)– Exchange rate services management (gateway to an

external system)• Project timing

– Started in February 2002; end targeted November 2003• First impressions

– Web services development time comparable to using pure xml business logic

– Higher code reusability– No care about security/performance issues

The case studyThe case study