water pollution catherine maccaro. need approximately 80 percent of ocean pollution causes are land...
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Water PollutionCatherine Maccaro
NeedApproximately 80 percent of ocean pollution
causes are land based, or human induced. Twenty percent of ocean pollution is caused by ocean based activities.
40% of America's rivers and lakes are too polluted for fishing, swimming, or aquatic life.
Two-thirds of US estuaries and bays are either moderately or severely degraded from eutrophication
The US EPA has warned that sewage levels in rivers could be back to the super-polluted levels of the 1970s by the year 2016.
Types Of PollutionsRun-Off
Ground WaterMicrobiological
Chemical
Eurtophication
Suspended Solids
Solid WasteThermal
Radionuclide
Oil Spill
Pollutants
Major bodies of
water with pollution problems
Water Pollutions Worldwide
Pollution At Local Level
Model OrganismsBrine Shrimp
Planaria Daphnia
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Pollutant: OilUnable to swim or fly properly, maintain their
body temperature, feed or even reproduce.Interrupts food chainSensitivity of animals increases
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Pollutant: DetergentDestroy the mucus layers that protect
organisms from bacteria and parasites. Severe damage to the gills.All organisms will die when concentrations get
near 15 parts per million (ppm). Concentrations as low as 5 ppm will kill eggs. Americans use about 8.3 billion pounds of dry
detergent and a billion gallons of liquid detergent each year.
Kill life in rivers, streams and oceans by causing “Algae Blooms/Red Tides”.
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Pollutant: ThermalDecrease the level of dissolved
oxygenIncrease metabolic rate in organismsIncrease Plant growth rate-shorter
lifespanAlgae Blooms AKA Eurtophication.
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Measuring PollutionPh Paper Thermometer
Literature Review 1• Brix, Hans, and Hans Schirup. "The Use of Aquatic Macrophytes in Water-Pollution Control." The Use of Aquatic Macrophytes
in Water-Pollution Control 18.2 (1989): 100-07. Web. 30 Apr. 2010. <http://mit.biology.au.dk/~biohbn/hansbrix/pdf_files/Ambio_1989_100-107.pdf>.
Ecosystems dominated by aquatic macrophytes are among the most productive in the world
Aquatic plants possessing an outstanding ability for assimilating nutrients and creating favorable conditions for decomposition.
Creates huge success in restoration in streams, lakes, and wetlands.
Literature Review 2 MacRae, Thomas H., and Amritanshu S. Pandey. "Effects of Metals on Early Life Stages of the Brine Shrimp,Artemia: A
Developmental Toxicity Assay." Effects of Metals on Early Life Stages of the Brine Shrimp,Artemia: A Developmental Toxicity Assay 20.2 (1991): 247-52. Springer Link. Springer New York. Web. 30 Apr. 2010. <http://www.springerlink.com/content/r767582126335462/>.
Need for simple, fast and inexpensive tests to study metal pollution in the marine environment.
Study used four metals: cupric sulfate, lead nitrate, zinc sulfate and nickel sulfate, on emergence and hatching of the brine shrimp (Artemia).
Provide a convenient method to assay metal effects on development.
Result show it’s apparent that use of early stages of Artemia is an alternative to the examination of slower growing animals for the study of metal pollution in coastal marine waters.
Bibliography Brix, Hans, and Hans Schirup. "The Use of Aquatic Macrophytes in Water-Pollution Control." The Use of Aquatic Macrophytes
in Water-Pollution Control 18.2 (1989): 100-07. Web. 30 Apr. 2010. <http://mit.biology.au.dk/~biohbn/hansbrix/pdf_files/Ambio_1989_100-107.pdf>.
Daoji, Li, and Dag Daler. "Ocean Pollution from Land-based Sources: East China Sea, China." Ocean Pollution from Land-based Sources: East China Sea, China 33.1 (2004): 107-13. Ambio. Web. 30 Apr. 2010. <http://ambio.allenpress.com/perlserv/?SESSID=b00ff8997af6ba7573ee546f41afd51c&request=get-document&doi=10.1639%2F0044-7447%282004%29033%5B0107%3AOPFLSE%5D2.0.CO%3B2>.
"Dust in the Wind Could Be Toxic in the Sea." Dust in the Wind Could Be Toxic in the Sea. Social Issues. NASA, NATO. Web. 30 Apr. 2010. <http://socialissues.wiseto.com/Articles/210440307/>.
MacRae, Thomas H., and Amritanshu S. Pandey. "Effects of Metals on Early Life Stages of the Brine Shrimp,Artemia: A Developmental Toxicity Assay." Effects of Metals on Early Life Stages of the Brine Shrimp,Artemia: A Developmental Toxicity Assay 20.2 (1991): 247-52. Springer Link. Springer New York. Web. 30 Apr. 2010. <http://www.springerlink.com/content/r767582126335462/>.
Naik, Abhijit. "Ocean Pollution Facts." Buzzle Web Portal: Intelligent Life on the Web. Web. 30 Apr. 2010. <http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ocean-pollution-facts.html>.
Water Control Programs." 13-25. State Of New Jersey. Web. 5 May 2010. <http://www.state.nj.us/drbc/04IntegratedList/background2.2.pdf>.
"Pollution and The Husdon River." Changing Husdon Project. Cary Institute Of Ecosystem Studies. Web. 5 May 2010. <http://www.ecostudies.org/images/education/chp/pollution.pdf>.
Hoffman, Denise. "Health Effects Of Sewage Water Pollution." (2007). University Of Kentucky. Web. 7 May 2010. <https://www.ca.uky.edu/enri/KWAM2007/enri404revised.pdf>.
<http://envstudies.brown.edu/oldsite/env/theses/master0304/Mansell_Catherine/catherinemansell_slides.pdf>. Water Pollution. Photograph. Web. 18 May 2010. <http://www.mydivetravel.com/Dive-Sites/images/WaterPollution.gif>. EPA. Manhasset Pollution. Photograph. EPA. Web. 18 May 2010. <http://pics2.city-data.com/city/emap/em17527.png>. http://oceanworld.tamu.edu/resources/oceanography-book/oilspills.htm