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THE SPANISH ERA

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The Philippine Spanish Era

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Page 1: The Spanish Era

THE SPANISH ERA

Page 2: The Spanish Era

PRELUDE TO THE VOYAGES OF “DISCOVERY”

Page 3: The Spanish Era

TRADE ROUTES

Page 4: The Spanish Era

AGE OF EXPLORATION (1492-1682)

Page 5: The Spanish Era
Page 6: The Spanish Era

Treaty of Tordesillas

1493

Page 7: The Spanish Era

Magellan Expedition (1519-1521)

Page 8: The Spanish Era

Sequels of Magellan Expedition

Juan Sebastian Elcano1525 Ruy Lopez de Vollalobos

1547

Miguel Lopez de Legazpi1565

Page 9: The Spanish Era

Legazpi Expedition (1565)

Page 10: The Spanish Era

Fort San Pedro, Cebu City

Page 11: The Spanish Era

June 24, 1571

Page 12: The Spanish Era

Remains in San Agustin Church

Page 13: The Spanish Era

Institutional Impact in the Philippines

Page 14: The Spanish Era

Centralized and Hierarchical set-up composed of a national government and local government that administered in towns, provinces, municipalities and chartered cities.

Page 15: The Spanish Era

Residencia and Visitador

Royal Audencia

Viceroy in Nueva Espana

(1515-1821)

Real y Supremo Consejo de las

Indias

Ministerio d e Ultramar

(1863)

Page 16: The Spanish Era

FRAILOCRACY

A unique type of government in the Philippines during last phase of Spanish era ruled by the friars

Page 17: The Spanish Era

Frailocracy

Reduccion Policies

Attitude

Syncretism

Mass Baptism

Page 18: The Spanish Era

Economic Institution

Page 19: The Spanish Era

BUWIS or Tribute which could be paid in kind or in cash, initially was fixed at 8 reales (1 real=12.5 centavos) and later increased to 15 reales

15 reale

s

10 reales (buwis)

1 real(diezmos prediales)

1 real (town

community chest) 1 real

(sanctorum tax)

3 reales(church support)

Page 20: The Spanish Era

Bandala (Tagalog word mandala, round stack of rice stalks to be treshed) as an annual enforced sale and requisitioning of goods such as rice.

Page 21: The Spanish Era

Polo y servicios (Forced Labor) evolved within the framework of encomienda system, for 40 days of men ranging 16 to 60 years old to give personal services to community projects. Falla (falta, absence) a daily fine of 1 and ½ real) to be exempted.

Page 22: The Spanish Era
Page 23: The Spanish Era

Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade Route

Page 24: The Spanish Era

Royal Economic Society of Friends of the CountryEstablished by Jose Basco y Vargas composed of leading men in business, industry and

profession.

1. Creation of Plan General Economico of Basco which implemented the monopolies on the areca nut, tobacco, spirited liquors and explosives.

2. Offered local and foreign scholarships and training grants in agriculture and established an academy of design.

3. Credited to the carabao ban of 1782, formation of the silversmiths and gold beaters guild and the construction of the first papermill in the Philippines in 1825.

4. It was introduced on 1780, vanished temporarily on 1787-1819, 1821-1822, and 1875-1822 and ceased to exist in the middles of 1890s.

Page 25: The Spanish Era

Royal Company of the Philippines

Created by King Charles III on March 10, 1785

It granted exclusive monopoly of bringing to Manila, Phil. Chinese good and Indian goods and shipping them directly to Spain via the Cape of Good Hope

It was stiffly objected by the Dutch and English who saw it as a direct attack on their trade of Asian goods.

It was also vehemently opposed by the traders of the Galleon trade who saw it as competition. This gradually resulted into death of both institutions: 1814 for Royal Philippine Company and 1815 the Galleon Trade.

Page 26: The Spanish Era

Educational Institution

Page 27: The Spanish Era

Social Transformation

Page 28: The Spanish Era

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