The rise of fascism and Communism

• By 1933, almost 30% of the global workforce was unemployed.

• This helped spark the rise of fascism.• 1922: Benito Mussolini took power in Italy in

the first fascist dictatorship in Europe. • 1930s provided fuel for other fascist

movements in Germany and Spain.

Mussolini

Fascism: • A political system characterized by

authoritarian nationalism, where the interests of society as a whole are held to be more important than the rights of individual citizens.

Civil war in spainStatute of Westminster gave Canada independence over foreign policy. 1931: Japan invades Manchuria.

King refused to support sanctions by the League of Nations. 1935: Italy invades Ethiopia.

King refused to support actions against the Italians.

• 1936: Francisco Franco led military coup in Spain to overthrow elected government.

• Civil War erupted between communist and fascist ideologies.

• Franco was supported by Mussolini and Hitler• Government was supported by the Soviet

Union

Franco

• King believed taking sides would threaten national unity.

• Many French Canadians sympathised with Franco because he supported Spain’s Catholic Views.

• King banned Canadian’s from fighting in foreign armies, however, 1500 Canadians fought in the Spanish Civil War.

Communism- Classless, stateless, and moneyless form of

government.- Based on common ownership of goods.

Distribution of goods was based on need. - Follows the initial philosophies of Marx Theory

• Revolution in Russia in 1919 allowed for the Bolshevik Party (Communist Party) to seize control.

• Bolsheviks nationalized all productive property and put railroads, factories, food and industries under government control.

Lenin

Karl Marx

Communism in Canada- “Red Scare” in the West that emerged

following the communist Revolution in Russia- Communism appealed to many in Canada as

an alternative to the current government. - Appealed especially to those who were hard

hit during the depression.