The RenaissanceThe RenaissanceMrs. IsaacsonMrs. Isaacson

99thth Grade World History Grade World History

What is the RenaissanceWhat is the Renaissance

• French word meaning, “French word meaning, “RebirthRebirth.”.”

• The Renaissance represents the The Renaissance represents the Intellectual and Economic changes of Intellectual and Economic changes of the time following the Middle Ages.the time following the Middle Ages.

• Took place between the 1300s and Took place between the 1300s and 1500s.1500s.

How did we wake up?How did we wake up?

During the middle ages, because of During the middle ages, because of Feudalism, no middle class Feudalism, no middle class existed.existed.

People lived on manors in the People lived on manors in the country for protection from country for protection from barbarians, far away from towns. barbarians, far away from towns.

Feudalism kept society divided Feudalism kept society divided between the rich and the poor.between the rich and the poor.

Hooray! The Barbarians are Hooray! The Barbarians are gone!gone!

After the barbarians had chilled out, After the barbarians had chilled out, people came out again, heading back people came out again, heading back towards towns and cities. (Picture in towards towns and cities. (Picture in your head the scene from the Wizard of your head the scene from the Wizard of Oz when the Munchkins come out after Oz when the Munchkins come out after the Wicked Witch was smashed by the the Wicked Witch was smashed by the house).house).

Ding Dong the Witch is Ding Dong the Witch is Dead!Dead!

Curses upon you all……Curses upon you all……

Unfortunately, after people began moving Unfortunately, after people began moving towards town, a plague hit that killed 1/3 of towards town, a plague hit that killed 1/3 of the people in the WORLD at that time. the people in the WORLD at that time. It It was called the black plague.was called the black plague.

The plague led to an economic The plague led to an economic depression.depression.

What Happens in a What Happens in a Depression?Depression?

Lets pretend, that you are living in Europe at the Lets pretend, that you are living in Europe at the time of the plague and you are a time of the plague and you are a Twinkie makerTwinkie maker (YUM!)(YUM!) You are a pretty awesome twinkie You are a pretty awesome twinkie maker, but 1/3 of your customers die. Now you maker, but 1/3 of your customers die. Now you have a lot of twinkies, and no customers. So to have a lot of twinkies, and no customers. So to make up for the money you are losing, you raise make up for the money you are losing, you raise the prices of your twinkies, but now, nobody can the prices of your twinkies, but now, nobody can afford to buy the twinkies. This is a afford to buy the twinkies. This is a Depression, Depression, meaning people are too broke to buy the meaning people are too broke to buy the expensive twinkies, making them depressed.expensive twinkies, making them depressed.

So…how do we get out of a So…how do we get out of a depression?depression?

Finally! People stop dying of the plague Finally! People stop dying of the plague and the population begins to grow, and the population begins to grow, which creates a new demand for your which creates a new demand for your twinkies. Now you have such a high twinkies. Now you have such a high demand for twinkies that you need to demand for twinkies that you need to hire new people to learn how to make hire new people to learn how to make twinkies just like you! These are called twinkies just like you! These are called your “apprentice” twinkie makers, your “apprentice” twinkie makers, making you the twinkie master!making you the twinkie master!

All Hail the Twinkies!All Hail the Twinkies!

How does this apply to the Middle How does this apply to the Middle Ages?Ages?

Just like you twinkie makers, other Just like you twinkie makers, other business grew during the middle ages and business grew during the middle ages and were able to expand too, such aswere able to expand too, such as

BankersBankers LawyersLawyers DoctorsDoctors Metal workers, Craftsmen, Blacksmiths,Metal workers, Craftsmen, Blacksmiths,

Going GLOBAL!Going GLOBAL!

Suddenly, your twinkie business becomes so Suddenly, your twinkie business becomes so large that you are able to expand to other large that you are able to expand to other countries. countries.

Advances in traveling such as:Advances in traveling such as: Portuguese mapsPortuguese maps The magnetic compassThe magnetic compass Better shipsBetter ships

Allow you to sail around the world to find new Allow you to sail around the world to find new places to sell your twinkies.places to sell your twinkies.

Becoming Masters of the Becoming Masters of the UniverseUniverse

During the middle ages, education was During the middle ages, education was limited to members of the church and high limited to members of the church and high levels of society.levels of society.

Now, people like you twinkie makers need Now, people like you twinkie makers need to become more educated to be really to become more educated to be really good at your job.good at your job.

What are some areas that as an What are some areas that as an INTERNATIONAL TWINKIE MAKER you INTERNATIONAL TWINKIE MAKER you would want to be educated in?would want to be educated in?

The Correct Answer is…..The Correct Answer is…..

As an As an INTERNATIONAL TWINKIE INTERNATIONAL TWINKIE MAKER, MAKER, you would want to know things you would want to know things like:like:

What kind of money do they use in other What kind of money do they use in other countries (international currency)?countries (international currency)?

How do I add, subtract, multiply, keep How do I add, subtract, multiply, keep track of all my money?track of all my money?

What is the best thing to do with my What is the best thing to do with my money?money?

The Education Explosion!The Education Explosion!

As people began becoming experts in As people began becoming experts in certain areas (like twinkie making), they certain areas (like twinkie making), they gained a HUNGER for knowledge.gained a HUNGER for knowledge.

In In 1445, 1445, a man named a man named Johann Johann GutenbergGutenberg, invented the , invented the PRINTING PRINTING PRESS! PRESS! This wonderful invention was the This wonderful invention was the answer to all the prayers of the people of answer to all the prayers of the people of Europe.Europe.

The Printing PressThe Printing Press

Johan Gutenbergs invention allowed Johan Gutenbergs invention allowed books to be mass produced page by books to be mass produced page by page, rather than being handwritten on page, rather than being handwritten on parchment by one person. parchment by one person.

Also, for the first time, books were Also, for the first time, books were printed in languages other than LATIN, printed in languages other than LATIN, so now people in England, France, so now people in England, France, Spain, and Italy could read the same Spain, and Italy could read the same thing, even learn how to make twinkies!thing, even learn how to make twinkies!

Why the Church Hated GutenbergWhy the Church Hated Gutenberg

During the middle ages, books and writing During the middle ages, books and writing were based on the Bible and the teachings were based on the Bible and the teachings of the church. of the church.

NOW, during the Renaissance, people NOW, during the Renaissance, people began making the ideas of began making the ideas of RomeRome and and GreeceGreece popular again, encouraging popular again, encouraging people to read the classics and open their people to read the classics and open their eyes to how smart Rome and Greece eyes to how smart Rome and Greece were before the Middle Ages.were before the Middle Ages.

Hooray for Humanism!Hooray for Humanism!

Once the people of Europe woke up to the Once the people of Europe woke up to the ideas of the ancient Greeks and Romans, ideas of the ancient Greeks and Romans, they started to look at life a little bit they started to look at life a little bit differently. differently.

This change in thinking resulted in a new This change in thinking resulted in a new idea called idea called HUMANISM. Humanism was HUMANISM. Humanism was all about the role that Human beings all about the role that Human beings played in the world around them (Gods played in the world around them (Gods world, to them).world, to them).

Middle Ages vs. New AgeMiddle Ages vs. New Age

During the Middle Ages the church During the Middle Ages the church believed that:believed that:

Having money or wealth was a BAD thing.Having money or wealth was a BAD thing. People should not be very educated. It People should not be very educated. It

was better to be dumb in God’s eyes.was better to be dumb in God’s eyes. Doing good things was based on what the Doing good things was based on what the

Bible said.Bible said. The Human Body was a TERRIBLE Thing.The Human Body was a TERRIBLE Thing.

AAAAHHH!! THE SCANDAL!AAAAHHH!! THE SCANDAL!

BUT! Now we have this new idea called BUT! Now we have this new idea called Humanism which changed everything:Humanism which changed everything:

The Human Body was created by God, The Human Body was created by God, therefore people should use it to do good therefore people should use it to do good things.things.

Having money allowed people to do good Having money allowed people to do good things for God.things for God.

Creativity was a gift from God that should Creativity was a gift from God that should be expressed.be expressed.

Renaissance BasicsRenaissance Basics

The Renaissance is all about going back The Renaissance is all about going back in time and bringing back the Styles and in time and bringing back the Styles and Ideas of Greece and Rome.Ideas of Greece and Rome.

Almost all areas of the Renaissance show Almost all areas of the Renaissance show a connection to Greece and Rome.a connection to Greece and Rome.

Literature, art, architecture, music, Literature, art, architecture, music, mathematics, all of these were influenced mathematics, all of these were influenced by, did I mention, GREECE AND ROME!by, did I mention, GREECE AND ROME!

Forget Florence….and Fail.Forget Florence….and Fail.

Since the Renaissance was all about the Since the Renaissance was all about the Ideas of Greece and Rome, it’s probably Ideas of Greece and Rome, it’s probably no surprise that it began in no surprise that it began in FLORENCE, FLORENCE, ITALY. ITALY.

Florence was the home to many Florence was the home to many famous Renaissance artists like famous Renaissance artists like Michelangelo. Michelangelo.

Renaissance LiteratureRenaissance Literature

Writers in the Renaissance were all about Writers in the Renaissance were all about the classics of GREECE AND ROME, the classics of GREECE AND ROME, such as the Odyssey, the Iliad, and the such as the Odyssey, the Iliad, and the Aenid (which was written by Virgil in Aenid (which was written by Virgil in GREECE).GREECE).

Writers like Writers like PETRARCH, who was one of PETRARCH, who was one of the first Italian Poets, used the writings the first Italian Poets, used the writings of Virgil as his inspiration. of Virgil as his inspiration.

Renaissance Architecture.Renaissance Architecture.

During the Middle Ages, Architecture was During the Middle Ages, Architecture was based on the based on the GOTHIC or ROMANESQUE GOTHIC or ROMANESQUE Style.Style.

The main shape used in Gothic The main shape used in Gothic architecture was the Crossarchitecture was the Cross and it was and it was defined (meaning you would recognize it) defined (meaning you would recognize it) by its very sharp angles and steep points, by its very sharp angles and steep points, that were pointing up to Heaven.that were pointing up to Heaven.

Renaissance ArchitectureRenaissance Architecture

During the Renaissance, the Gothic and During the Renaissance, the Gothic and dark look went out of style and wealthy dark look went out of style and wealthy people began wanting to see more of the people began wanting to see more of the classic styles of Ancient Greece and classic styles of Ancient Greece and Rome. Rome.

Instead of the Cross, Renaissance Instead of the Cross, Renaissance architecture used the circle as the primary architecture used the circle as the primary shape, bringing back the use of domes. shape, bringing back the use of domes.

Medieval Cathedral in ParisMedieval Cathedral in Paris

Interior of a Gothic Cathedral:Interior of a Gothic Cathedral:What defining characteristics do What defining characteristics do

you see here?you see here?

The Day of the DomeThe Day of the Dome

Renaissance architecture began, where Renaissance architecture began, where else, in Florence with the construction of else, in Florence with the construction of thethe

SANTA MARIA del Fiore, which is SANTA MARIA del Fiore, which is known as the cathedral of Florence.known as the cathedral of Florence.

This cathedral is so Famous, This cathedral is so Famous, Michelangelo sculpted his famous, Michelangelo sculpted his famous, “David,” for the cathedral.“David,” for the cathedral.

The Santa Maria del Fiore (the The Santa Maria del Fiore (the cathedral of Florence). cathedral of Florence).

Note the use of the Domes.Note the use of the Domes.

The Medici Chapel by The Medici Chapel by MichelangeloMichelangelo

Y.T.T.WY.T.T.W

Define humanism and give two examples Define humanism and give two examples of changes in beliefs from the Middle Ages of changes in beliefs from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance.to the Renaissance.

Determine the differences in architecture Determine the differences in architecture from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance.from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance.

4-6 Sentences 4-6 Sentences

Warning: The material you are about to Warning: The material you are about to learn has absolutely NOTHING to do with learn has absolutely NOTHING to do with

these four….people.these four….people.

Renaissance ArtRenaissance Art

The most famous aspect of the The most famous aspect of the Renaissance is by far the artwork. Renaissance is by far the artwork.

During the Middle ages, the art work was During the Middle ages, the art work was very simple, consisting of Biblical very simple, consisting of Biblical characters on a blank background, kind of characters on a blank background, kind of like having your picture taken at school. like having your picture taken at school.

This is an example of art from the This is an example of art from the Middle Ages: What observations Middle Ages: What observations

can you make?can you make?

Creating a new PerspectiveCreating a new Perspective

Renaissance artists studied geometry to Renaissance artists studied geometry to help make their art look more realistic.help make their art look more realistic.

They used perspective in their art to make They used perspective in their art to make objects look closer and far away.objects look closer and far away.

They used a vanishing point to show They used a vanishing point to show distance and depth.distance and depth.

They also used shadow and light like They also used shadow and light like never before.never before.

Revamping the RenaissanceRevamping the Renaissance

While Medieval Art was very plain, While Medieval Art was very plain, Renaissance artists wanted everything to Renaissance artists wanted everything to be as LIFELIKE AS POSSIBLE. be as LIFELIKE AS POSSIBLE.

Artists would study dead bodies and nude Artists would study dead bodies and nude bodies to capture the body of a human bodies to capture the body of a human perfectly. perfectly.

One of the best Renaissance artists to One of the best Renaissance artists to ever do this, was Michelangelo.ever do this, was Michelangelo.

Meet MichelangeloMeet Michelangelo

Best known as a sculptor, also was an Best known as a sculptor, also was an artist, architect, and poet.artist, architect, and poet.

Mastered the art of drawing, sculpting Mastered the art of drawing, sculpting male nudes.male nudes.

His paintings are easy to recognize by His paintings are easy to recognize by their 3-D appearance. His figures their 3-D appearance. His figures almost seem to rise off the page.almost seem to rise off the page.

He was also bi-polar.He was also bi-polar.

The DavidThe David

Michelangelo’s most Michelangelo’s most

Famous work. LocatedFamous work. Located

In the Florence Cathedral.In the Florence Cathedral.

Statue of the Bible Statue of the Bible

Character David who Character David who

Defeated Goliath.Defeated Goliath.

The Sistine ChapelThe Sistine Chapel

Michelangelo’s most famous work was the Michelangelo’s most famous work was the SISTINE CHAPEL. SISTINE CHAPEL. He was originally He was originally supposed to paint the 12 apostles on the supposed to paint the 12 apostles on the ceiling of the church, but ended up ceiling of the church, but ended up painting the story of the old testament painting the story of the old testament instead, using over 300 pictures on the instead, using over 300 pictures on the ceiling. He laid on his back for 4 years ceiling. He laid on his back for 4 years from 1508-1512 to complete the ceiling. from 1508-1512 to complete the ceiling.

The Birth of AdamThe Birth of Adam

Michelangelo’s Last Michelangelo’s Last JudgmentJudgment

In addition to the ceiling of the Sistine In addition to the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, Michelangelo also painted the wall Chapel, Michelangelo also painted the wall behind the pulpit.behind the pulpit.

It is called, It is called, The Last Judgment.The Last Judgment.

The Pieta by Michelangelo The Pieta by Michelangelo (1498-1500(1498-1500

Being BoticelliBeing Boticelli

Boticelli was the favorite artist of Florence, Boticelli was the favorite artist of Florence, especially especially The MEDICI family, who were his The MEDICI family, who were his best patrons. ( a patron is someone who best patrons. ( a patron is someone who supports an artist by buying his or her work).supports an artist by buying his or her work).

He also has 3 paintings in the Sistine Chapel. He also has 3 paintings in the Sistine Chapel. He is best recognized by his use of famous He is best recognized by his use of famous

Greek or Roman characters and his use of Greek or Roman characters and his use of motion. motion.

Primavera by BoticelliPrimavera by Boticelli

The Birth of Venus: By The Birth of Venus: By BoticelliBoticelli

Remember, Venus is a Roman name for a Remember, Venus is a Roman name for a Greek God. This shows you how much Greek God. This shows you how much Renaissance artists used classic Greek Renaissance artists used classic Greek and Roman inspiration for their works.and Roman inspiration for their works.

Hint: This is a good way to recognize Hint: This is a good way to recognize Renaissance art.Renaissance art.

This picture also shows that Boticelli loved This picture also shows that Boticelli loved to use beautiful women in his art.to use beautiful women in his art.

Discovering DonatelloDiscovering Donatello

Donatello was one of the first men to ever Donatello was one of the first men to ever use sculpture OUTSIDE of a church use sculpture OUTSIDE of a church setting. setting.

He also sculpted a statue of the David, He also sculpted a statue of the David, only using Bronze.only using Bronze.

Donatello was one of the calmer artists of Donatello was one of the calmer artists of the bunch, focusing on his art above the bunch, focusing on his art above anything else.anything else.

Remembering RaphaelRemembering Raphael

Raphael only lived to the age of 37.Raphael only lived to the age of 37. He was famous for mastering Portraits of He was famous for mastering Portraits of

other people. other people.

School of Athens by RaphaelSchool of Athens by Raphael

Last but not Least….The Last but not Least….The Renaissance ManRenaissance Man

The most popular of all Renaissance The most popular of all Renaissance artists would have to be artists would have to be Leonardo di Leonardo di Vinci.Vinci.

Leonardo is what people call a TRUE Leonardo is what people call a TRUE RENAISSANCE MAN, which means he RENAISSANCE MAN, which means he did just about everything. He was a jack did just about everything. He was a jack of all trades. For example…..of all trades. For example…..

Leonardo Di VinciLeonardo Di Vinci

Leonardo di Vinci was an engineer, Leonardo di Vinci was an engineer, scientist, writer, inventor, architect, and scientist, writer, inventor, architect, and painter. painter.

He invented the first parachute, helicopter, He invented the first parachute, helicopter, and aeroplane but his designs were thought and aeroplane but his designs were thought to be insane. to be insane.

He was also notorious for not finishing He was also notorious for not finishing anything he started.anything he started.

A good way to recognize his work is that his A good way to recognize his work is that his people very rarely have eyebrows.people very rarely have eyebrows.

Vitruvian ManVitruvian Man

The Last SupperThe Last Supper

Self PortraitsSelf Portraits

Y.T.T.WY.T.T.W

Determine at least two reasons as to how Determine at least two reasons as to how art changed from the Middle Ages to the art changed from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance.Renaissance.

Michelangelo: Three worksMichelangelo: Three works Donatello: 1 worksDonatello: 1 works Raphael: 1 WorksRaphael: 1 Works Leonardo: 3 worksLeonardo: 3 works