the past, present and future of carbohydrates in food and...
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Science versus practice:
Adrian Hodgson, PhD Senior Sport Scientist
Lucozade Ribena Suntory (LRS)
The past, present and future of carbohydrates in food and drinks for sport and exercise
1927
1989 2001 2014 1947 1938
1955
1899
The Applied Research and Claims team deliver a pipeline of technologies by
generating new to world data; assimilate pre-existing data to create new or
optimised product and claims opportunities; and search for technologies through
Open Innovation.
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Mind - Energy - Mental focus - Motivation Health - Cardiovascular - Body weight / composition
Body - Shaping up - Physical performance - Energy and fuel
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Science Practice Solution
Need states Requirement Recommendation
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1920
Krogh and Lindhard CHO and Fat
metabolism at rest and during exercise
1925
Gordon et al. Sugar sweets during Boston
marathon
1974
Gollnick et al. Exercise intensity and CHO use
Tsintzas et al. Effects of CHO-E drink on muscle glycogen and running
performance
1995
Casey et al. Resynthesis of glycogen
following exercise
Nicholas et al. CHO-E drink and
intermittent exercise protocol
Jeukendrup and Jentjens CHO oxidation rate during exercise
2000 2004
Jentjens et al. Glu : Fru drinks
and CHO utilisation during
exercise
2008
Currell and Jeukendrup
Glu : Fru drinks and performance
2009
Stevenson et al. CHO-E+caffeine drink and golf performance
2015
Newell et al Dose response in CHO
ingestion on performance
2009
Rollo et al. Mouth rinsing with CHO-E
and running performance
The content of carbohydrate that is found in the human body available to be used for energy production
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0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0
Carbohydrate ingestion rate (g/min)
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Sucrose
Maltose
MD
Starch
Exo
gen
ou
s ca
rbo
hyd
rate
oxi
dat
ion
rat
e (g
/min
)
Jeukendrup and Jentjens, Sports Med 29(6): 407-424, 2000
20 g/h 39 g/h 64 g/h
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Newell et al Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab.2014
• Exercise intensity
• Exercise duration
• Training status
• Low carbohydrate diet
• Dehydration (> 3 % BM)
• Very high carbohydrate diets (> 70% EI)
Therefore understanding individual carbohydrate
availability would prove beneficial for product innovation
and recommendations
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Jeukendrup et al 2014
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Brooks et al J Appl Physiol (1985). 1994 Jun;76(6):2253-61.
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Source: Stellingwerff Online
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https://twitter.com/tstellingwerff/status/533690289987145729
Burke Sports Med. 2015 Nov 9. [Epub ahead of print]
Hawley and Leckey Sports Med. 2015 Nov 9. [Epub ahead of print]
“So I have put the players on a low carbohydrate diet to improve how they adapt to training, which is a good thing. But they will probably run slower and generally be more sluggish during training. Hope you are ok
with that!”
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Training intensity Carbohydrate
intake target
Average 70 kg
individual
Light Low intensity and skill
based exercise daily 3-5 g/kg/day 210-350 g
Moderate Moderate exercise
programme (< 1 h / day) 5-7 g/kg/day 350-490 g
High Endurance programme
(1-3 h / day >60% VO2 max) 6-10 g/kg/day 420-700 g
Very high Extreme commitment
(> 4-5 h / d >60% VO2 max) 8-12 g/kg/day 560-840 g
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YES
SOMETIMES
YES
YES
YES NO?
SOMETIMES
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?
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Science Practice Solution
Scientific insight
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The modern day laboratory
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What is the carbohydrate cost of routine training
sessions in recreational runners?
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Science Practice Solution
Need states Requirement Recommendation
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