the cold war on asia.pptx

8/13/2019 THE COLD WAR ON ASIA.pptx

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Presented by:

Kait lyn C olasisang

Bea Tupas

C hr ist ine Reyes

Joshua Guanc o

Aldrin Franc o

Mariz Ceniza

Lizzie Demaraye

Mic hael Malag a

E ar l O yanan

Tric ia Nagum

Joel Miagan


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Cold War, term used to describe the post-WorldWar II struggle between the United States and itsallies and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

(USSR) and its allies.

USSR and USA are called superpowers because of

their large territory, riches and strong military

forces.

WHAT IS THE COLD WAR..?


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In August 1939, on the eve of World War II, Stalin signed anonaggression pact with German dictator Adolf Hitler.The two leaders pledged not to attack one another and

agreed to divide the territory that lay between them intoGerman and Soviet spheres of influence. Hitler betrayedthe agreement, however, and in June 1941 he launched hisarmies against the USSR. Britain and the United States

rallied to the USSRs defense, which produced thecoalition that would defeat Germany over the next fouryears. This American-British-Soviet coalitionwhichcame to be known as the Grand Alliancewas an uneasyaffair, marked by mistrust and, on the Soviet side, by

charges that the USSR bore a heavier price than the othernations in prosecuting the war. By 1944, with victoryapproaching, the conflicting visions within the alliance ofa postwar world were becoming ever more obvious.


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Joseph Stalin

Supreme leader of the USSR from 1929 to1953

Adolf Hitler

One of the most powerful

dictators of the 20thcentury and was theleader of Germany duringthe 2ndWorld War


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In 1950 the superpowers involvement in Third World areaslimitedpreviously to sporadic joustingchanged suddenly, as the USSR andthe United States became entangled in an Asian war. In June of thatyear, Stalin appeared to endorse the plans of North KoreanCommunist leader Kim Il Sung to attack South Korea, assumingaccording to documents that have since come to lightthat theUnited States and other major powers would not get involved. Thismistaken assumption led to the Korean War (1950-1953), whichpitted American-led United Nations forces against the military forcesof North Korea and China (which had become a Communist republic

under the leadership of Mao Zedong in late 1949). The first armedconflict of the Cold War, the Korean War led to a major increase indefense spending by the United States. Because American leaderssaw Stalins actions in Korea as a potential precursor to aggressivemovements in Europe, the war helped prompt the United States to

turn NATO into an ambitious and permanent military structure.

THE COLD WAR ON ASIA(CHINA, KOREA AND VIETNAM)


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In 1954, following the military defeat of France in its bid to reclaimVietnam in the First Indochina War (1946-1954), the great powersassembled in Geneva with representatives from Vietnam, Laos, andCambodia to negotiate an end to that conflict. Among otherprovisions, the resulting agreement, known as the Geneva Accords,

provided for the temporary partition of Vietnam into northern andsouthern portions, with the Viet Minh (a Communist group seekingVietnamese independence) concentrated in North Vietnam and theFrench and their Vietnamese supporters in the south. To avoidpermanent partition, the accords called for national elections to

reunify the country to be held in 1956. When the South Vietnameserefused to hold the elections because Viet Minh leader Ho Chi Minhwas favored to win, the North Vietnamese began to seek theoverthrow of the South Vietnamese government.

THE VIETNAM WAR


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Ho Chi Minh

The leader of the

communist Vietnam.Led the Viet Minh .

Mao ZedongLeader of theCommunist republic ofchina


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The Vietnam War, which began in 1959, pitted the CommunistNorth Vietnamese and the National Liberation Front, aVietnamese nationalist group based in South Vietnam, againstthe South Vietnamese. In 1965 the United States sent troopsinto Vietnam to fight alongside the South Vietnamese. A long

and bloody conflict, the Vietnam War lasted until 1975. Beforeit ended, it spread to the neighboring countries of Laos andCambodia, where it continued long after 1975. In Cambodia,the war brought to power the Communist movement known asthe Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot, whose regime inflicted agenocidal massacre on the Cambodian people. Meanwhile, bythe mid-1960s the Communist world had been dramaticallyreconfigured as the result of an increasingly bitter and opensplit between the USSR and China. The dispute stemmed inpart from ideological disagreements but also reflected theintense rivalry of two former empires.

THE CONNECTION BETWEENVIETNAM AND CAMBODIA


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Pol Pot is a pseudonym for the Cambodian guerrillacommander Saloth Sar, who organized the Communistguerrilla force known as the Khmer Rouge. The KhmerRouge ousted General Lon Nol in 1975, establishing a

Communist regime in Cambodia. As prime minister, PolPot ruled harshly, forcing most of the urban populationout of the cities to farm in the countryside. Pol Potsregime was responsible for the deaths of close to 1.7million Cambodians before being overthrown by invadingVietnamese in 1979.

Pol Pot and The Khmer Rouge


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The Khmer Rouge

Pol PotLeader of the Khmer Rouge


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The early 1980s witnessed a final period of friction between the United States and theUSSR, resulting mainly from the Soviets invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 to prop up aCommunist regime and from the firm line adopted by U.S. president Ronald Reagan afterhis 1980 election. Reagan saw the USSR as an evil empire. He also believed that his rivalsin Moscow respected strength first and foremost, and thus he set about to add greatly toAmerican military capabilities. The Soviets initially viewed Reagan as an implacable foe,committed to subverting the Soviet system and possibly willing to risk nuclear war in theprocess.

Then in the mid-1980s Mikhail Gorbachev came to power in the USSR. Gorbachev wasdetermined to halt the increasing decay of the Soviet system and to shed some of hiscountrys foreign policy burdens. Between 1986 and 1989 he brought a revolution to Sovietforeign policy, abandoning long-held Soviet assumptions and seeking new and far-reachingagreements with the West. Gorbachevs efforts fundamentally altered the dynamic of East -West relations. Gorbachev and Reagan held a series of summit talks beginning in 1985, andin 1987 the two leaders agreed to eliminate a whole class of their countries nuclearmissilesthose capable of striking Europe and Asia from the USSR and vice versa. TheSoviet government began to reduce its forces in Eastern Europe, and in 1989 it pulled its

troops out of Afghanistan. That year Communist regimes began to topple in the countriesof Eastern Europe and the wall that had divided East and West Germany since 1961 wastorn down. In 1990 Germany became once again a unified country. In 1991 the USSRdissolved, and Russia and the other Soviet republics emerged as independent states. Evenbefore these dramatic final events, much of the ideological basis for the Cold Warcompetition had disappeared. However, the collapse of Soviet power in Eastern Europe,and then of the USSR itself, lent a crushing finality to the end of the Cold War period.

THE END OF A VERY COLD WAR


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GALLERY OF THE COLD WAR

US president Ronald Reagan(center), US vice-presidentGeorge Bush (left) talking withMikhail Gorbachev

The Bombing of NorthVietnam


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Kim Il SungLeader of North Koreafrom 1948 until his deathin 1994

Kim Jong IlSuccessor of his father

the cold war on asia.pptx

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