THE COLD WARTHE COLD WAR1945-19901945-1990

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The Cold WarThe Cold War

Cold War-Cold War- A war of A war of tension and the ideas tension and the ideas of Capitalism (USA) of Capitalism (USA) vs. Communism (USSR)vs. Communism (USSR)

Superpowers-Superpowers- Nations Nations that can influence that can influence the world (USA vs. the world (USA vs. USSR)USSR)

Arms RaceArms Race-Competition -Competition to develop the most to develop the most weapons (atomic)weapons (atomic)

Cold War EventsCold War Events1. Germany is divided into 4 1. Germany is divided into 4

zones run by France, England, zones run by France, England, The U.S. and the USSRThe U.S. and the USSR

2. 2. Containment-Containment- The U.S. The U.S. Policy designed to stop Policy designed to stop the spread of communism in the spread of communism in EuropeEurope

3.3. The Marshall PlanThe Marshall Plan 13 13 billion in US aid to billion in US aid to European nations to European nations to fight Communismfight Communism

4. 4. The Berlin Airlift-The Berlin Airlift- 12 12 month air drop of food, month air drop of food, clothing, and medicine to clothing, and medicine to people in Eastern Germanypeople in Eastern Germany

5. 5. Space RaceSpace Race- The USSR - The USSR was 1was 1stst to launch the to launch the satellite Sputnik in 1957 satellite Sputnik in 1957 & 1st man in space 1961& 1st man in space 1961

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Cold War TalkCold War Talk A time of tension A time of tension w/o war between the w/o war between the USA & USSRUSA & USSR

Idea that actions Idea that actions put nations on the put nations on the edge of destructionedge of destruction

A barrier between A barrier between communist and communist and capitalists capitalists countries in Europecountries in Europe

Idea that if one Idea that if one country falls to country falls to communism, others communism, others will followwill follow

Nations who’s Nations who’s actions influence actions influence the worldthe world

Agreeing to Agreeing to competition w/o warcompetition w/o war

Military Military counterattack using counterattack using nuclear weaponsnuclear weapons

Policy to stop the Policy to stop the spread of Communismspread of Communism

Cold War Cold War (actions (actions reactions)reactions)

Stalin blockades Stalin blockades BerlinBerlin

Truman orders Truman orders the BERLIN the BERLIN AIRLIFTAIRLIFT

The USSR The USSR launches launches Sputnik in Sputnik in 19571957

NASA is NASA is established established & millions & millions given to given to science/matscience/math programsh programs

Nuclear War Nuclear War threatens threatens civilians in civilians in the U.S. and the U.S. and USSRUSSR

People People construct construct fall out fall out (bomb) (bomb) sheltersshelters

NATO- North NATO- North Atlantic Treaty Atlantic Treaty OrganizationOrganization – – military military alliance led by alliance led by the U.S. to the U.S. to fight Soviet fight Soviet aggression in aggression in EuropeEurope

Warsaw Pact-Warsaw Pact- A military A military Alliance led Alliance led by the USSR by the USSR in Eastern in Eastern EuropeEurope

The Soviet The Soviet Union supports Union supports the spread of the spread of Communism to Communism to China, Korea, China, Korea, and Vietnamand Vietnam

ContainmentContainment

Domino TheoryDomino Theory

Soviet Soviet Espionage Espionage (spies) (spies) feared in feared in AmericaAmerica

Rosenbergs Rosenbergs convicted of convicted of espionageespionage

McCarthyismMcCarthyism- - Senator Joseph Senator Joseph McCarthy accused McCarthy accused 100’s of 100’s of government government officials of officials of being communist being communist

Wars in U.S. HistoryWars in U.S. History

The American RevolutionThe American Revolution War of 1812War of 1812 Mexican-American WarMexican-American War Civil WarCivil War Spanish-American WarSpanish-American War World War IWorld War I World War IIWorld War II Korean WarKorean War

The Korean WarThe Korean War

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FactsFacts

1950-19531950-1953 Fought to contain Communism in Fought to contain Communism in North KoreaNorth Korea

China & USSR aided North KoreanChina & USSR aided North Korean U.S. troops and 15 other nations U.S. troops and 15 other nations fought as The United Nationsfought as The United Nations

U.S. forces led by General U.S. forces led by General MacArthurMacArthur

Communism was contained to North Communism was contained to North KoreaKorea

The wars end was a stalemateThe wars end was a stalemate Known as the “forgotten war”Known as the “forgotten war”

U.S.U.S. U.N.U.N.Dead Dead 54,246 54,246 628,833 628,833

Missing 8,177 Missing 8,177 470,267470,267

Captured 7,140 Captured 7,140 92,970 92,970

Bay of Pigs Invasion Bay of Pigs Invasion 19611961

Bay of Pigs FactsBay of Pigs Facts

President Kennedy President Kennedy arms Cuban exiles arms Cuban exiles to overthrow to overthrow Castro in CubaCastro in Cuba

Exiles lose to Exiles lose to Castro’s army Castro’s army

Castro remains in Castro remains in power, Kennedy’s power, Kennedy’s plan is a failureplan is a failure

The Cuban Missile The Cuban Missile Crisis 1962Crisis 1962

FactsFacts

A 1962 showdown A 1962 showdown between the U.S. between the U.S. & USSR in Cuba& USSR in Cuba

Soviets were Soviets were using Cuba for using Cuba for missile storagemissile storage

U.S. spy planes U.S. spy planes find missiles in find missiles in & headed to Cuba& headed to Cuba

Kennedy Kennedy Blockades CubaBlockades Cuba

Soviet missiles Soviet missiles removed from removed from CubaCuba

Castro remains Castro remains in powerin power

CRQ AnswersCRQ Answers

1.1. The main issue in the cartoon The main issue in the cartoon is the Vietnam Waris the Vietnam War

2.2. Stay in Vietnam to contain Stay in Vietnam to contain communismcommunism

3.3. Get out of Vietnam because it Get out of Vietnam because it was a civil war in their was a civil war in their countrycountry

4.4. The Constitution protects their The Constitution protects their FREEDOM OF SPEECH FREEDOM OF SPEECH

The Vietnam WarThe Vietnam War

15 year struggle to contain 15 year struggle to contain Communism (1961-1975)Communism (1961-1975)

Communist North Vietnam invaded Communist North Vietnam invaded South VietnamSouth Vietnam

Presidents Kennedy, Johnson, and Presidents Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon order troops to VietnamNixon order troops to Vietnam

Viet Cong-Viet Cong- Communist soldiers Communist soldiers from North Vietnam (V-C)from North Vietnam (V-C)

Guerilla Warfare-Guerilla Warfare- Hit and run Hit and run strategy of jungle fightingstrategy of jungle fighting

NaPalmNaPalm- Burning Jelly used burn - Burning Jelly used burn villages of the Viet Congvillages of the Viet Cong

Agent OrangeAgent Orange-Chemical used to -Chemical used to kill the jungle kill the jungle

Tet Offense-Tet Offense- Attack on 100 Attack on 100 cities by the Viet Cong for 2 cities by the Viet Cong for 2 daysdays

Vietnam ResultsVietnam Results

1.1. DovesDoves-young generation Americans -young generation Americans that protested the Vietnam warthat protested the Vietnam war

2.2. Hawks-Hawks-People who supported VietnamPeople who supported Vietnam

3.3. 58,000 American soldiers die58,000 American soldiers die

4.4. VietnamizationVietnamization-Pulling American -Pulling American troops from Vietnam (1968-1973)troops from Vietnam (1968-1973)

5.5. South Vietnam falls to communismSouth Vietnam falls to communism

AnswersAnswers

33 33 33 33 22 11 22

Cold War PresidentsCold War Presidents President 1961-1963President 1961-1963 11stst catholic catholic presidentpresident

Started the Started the Peace Peace CorpsCorps

New Frontier-New Frontier- Kennedy’s plan to Kennedy’s plan to help the poor, help the poor, economy, and economy, and sciencescience

Assassinated by Lee Assassinated by Lee Harvey OswaldHarvey Oswald

Lyndon B. JohnsonLyndon B. Johnson Pres. 1963-1969Pres. 1963-1969 Great Society-Great Society- Plan to end Plan to end poverty & better poverty & better educationeducation

Created Medicaid Created Medicaid and Medicareand Medicare

Called for an end Called for an end to segregationto segregation

Sent most troops Sent most troops to Vietnam to Vietnam (escalation)(escalation)

Richard NixonRichard Nixon Pres. 1969-1974Pres. 1969-1974 Detente-Detente- Easing of Easing of Tension between the Tension between the US and USSRUS and USSR

SALT- SALT- Strategic Arms Strategic Arms Limitations Treaty Limitations Treaty (reduction of Nukes)(reduction of Nukes)

Watergate Scandal- Watergate Scandal- Break-in and cover-Break-in and cover-up of tapping phone up of tapping phone lines to be Re-lines to be Re-electedelected

11stst Pres. to resign Pres. to resign