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Communities of Practice (CoP)and

The Practice of Everyday Life

Presentation by Ruth Nicole Hall

Theories of Communication

Spring 2014

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Background to Communities of Practice (CoP)

John Dewey (Educational Theories and Concepts)

Jean Piaget (Cognitive Constructivism Theory)

Lev Vygotsky (Social Constructivism Theory)

Michel de Certeau’s (The Practice of Everyday Life)

Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger (Coined and Developed by the pair)

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John Dewey (1859-1952)

Educator (Teacher/Professor)

Philosopher of philosophies of the Human Experience

Educational Activist (Progressive Education)

Started New Schools (elementary and higher ed)

Author (Several Books on Educational Topics)

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:

00JohnDewey.jpg

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Dewey’s Concepts of Education

The New School for Social Research

Educational Reform

Hands-on Learning/Social Learning

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Discussion Question

Do you think any of John Dewey’s educational concepts, ideas, or theories can relate to your library studies? If so, how? If not, why not?

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Piaget and VygotskyJean Piaget (1896-1980)

Scientist

Psychologist

Created Four Stages of Mental Development

Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934)

Psychologist

Author

Known for Zone of Proximal Development

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jean_Piaget_in_Ann_Arbor.png

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lev_Vygotsky_1896-1934.

jpg

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Piaget and Vygotsky’s Constructivism

Cognitive Constructivism (Piaget)

Discover Information

Transform Information

Making Your Own Learning

Social Constructivism (Vygotsky)

Constructing Meaning

Social Interactions

Cooperative Learning

Learn by Experiences

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Michel de Certeau (1925-1986)

French born Scholar

Academic career in various fields and places

Religious training

The Practice of Everyday Life (Theory and Book)

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de Certeau’s Theory of Everyday Life

For researchers, “investigating everyday life information behavior”

Two main parts: tactics and strategies (individuals and groups) to strategies of dominant social institutions

Tactics of “individuals and groups” (non-powerful)

Strategies are created in responses to individuals and groups of “dominant social institutions” (powerful)

In relation to Communities of Practice

(Fisher, Erdelez, & McKechnie, 2005, p.285)

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The Practice of Everyday Life…

“Analysis of social places”

“Investigation of everyday interactions”

(Fisher, Erdelez, & McKechnie, 2005, p. 287)

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The Practice of Everyday Life Video

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Discussion Question

In what ways could you use the practice of everyday life theory in your research or studies?

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Lave and Wenger

Jean Lave

Social Anthropologist

Professor

Author

Etienne Wenger (1952-)

Social Learning Theorist

Professor

Author http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/

File:Etienne_Wenger.jpg

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Lave and Wenger’s Communities of Practice…

Situated Learning

Individuals learn by participating

CoP Expansion

(Fisher, Erdelez, & McKechnie, 2005, p.104-105)

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What is a Community of Practice?

People connect to share…

A concern

A passion

Ideas

They …

Learn to do something

Interact

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Who is the learner in a Community of Practice?

Everyone!

Novice to Master

More than a group of friend

Network

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What do the learners in the Community of Practice Share?

Resources

Each Other

Experiences

Problems

Stories

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Communities of Practice Video

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Communities of Practice in LIS and another Discipline

LIS

Engagement

Retention

Motivation

Feeling a Connection

Sport Coach Learning

Enhance Learning

Provides Resources & Strategies

Student Value Group Learning

(Marken & Dickinson, 2013) (Bertram, Paquette, & Duarte, 2014)

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Discussion Question

Do you think the use of Communities of Practice theory is still beneficial to LIS education? Why or why not?

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Questions or Comments

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References

Bertram, R., Paquette, K., Duarte, T., & Culver, D. (2014). Assessing the value created through participating in a graduate studies community of practice. Transformative Dialogues: Teaching & Learning Journal, 7(1), 1-14. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.twu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ehh&AN=95057910&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Fisher, K. E., Erdelez, S., & McKechnie, L. F. (Eds.). (2005). Theories of information behavior. Medford, NJ: American Society for Information Science and Technology.

Jean Piaget. (2014). The Biography.com website. Retrieved from http://www.biography.com/people/jean-piaget-9439915.

John Dewey. (2014). The Biography.com website. Retrieved from http://www.biography.com/people/john-dewey-9273497.

Marken, J. A., & Dickinson, G. K. (2013). Perceptions of community of practice development in online graduate education. Journal of Education for Library & Information Science, 54(4), 299-306. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.twu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ehh&AN=91546014&site=ehost-live&scope=site

Mayo, K. (2011, July 27). De certeau walking in the city. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fNWo3Tangaw

Underhill, B. PMI. (2009, December 9). What is a community of practice? Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63rQ3S8EHoA

All clipart from Microsoft Office Photo Browser.