Geological Survey Of Ethiopia

Staus of Geothermal Exploration and Development in Ethiopia

Solomon Kebede

ARGeo C6 Conference

November, 2016

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

ETHIOPIA • Country in the horn of Africa

• Total area - 1.13 million square km

• Over 90 million inhabitants

• Population growth rate – 2.3% per year

• Average annual GDP growth rate ~ 11 %

• Electricity grid geographic coverage – 55%

– Connectivity ~ 25% – Per capita electricity consumption < 100

kWh/yr • Generation capacity in the grid – 4200 MW

– Mainlly Hydro with some contribution from Wind, Diesel and Geothermal

• Current electrcity demand growth rate > 20%

Electricity status

Located in the centeral part of the EAR. A region of high heat flow.

The western branch starts near Tanzania craton and goes to

Mozamique. Eatern branch is better developed than Western

Regional Set Up

Horn of Afrika

EARS

Eastern

Western

Local Geological Setup

ERS

Main Ethiopian Rift and

Afar

The Wonji Fault Belt

Quaternary volcanoes at

its axis including Aluto

Volcano hosted high

temperature geothermal

systems with fracture

permeability

6

Geothermal Resources of Ethiopia

No. Site Site Survey

1 Dallol ☑

2 AllaloBeda(Tendaho-3) ☑

3 Boina ☑

4 DamAli ☑

5 Teo ☑

6 Danab ☑

7 Meteka ☑

8 Arabi ☑

No. Site Site Survey

9 Dofan ☑

10 Kone ☑

11 Nazareth ☑

12 Gedemsa ☑

13 Tulu Moya -

14 Finkilo (Aluto-2) ☑

15 Bobesa (Aluto-3) ☑

16 Abaya -

No. Site Site Survey

17 Fantale -

18 Boseti ☑

19 Corbetti -

20 Aluto-1 -

21 Tendaho-1 (Dubti) -

22 Tendaho-2(Ayro Beda) -

Addis

Ababa

Djibo

uti

Djibo

uti

Oro

mia 100 km

1

3

4 5

6

7 8

9

1

0 1

1 1

2 1

3 1

4

1

6

1

7 1

8

1

9

2

0

1

5

2

1

2

2 2

23 prospects in ERV

10,000 MW Potential (MP) High Temp/Good chemistry Various stages

Two prospects tested by

drilling

A pilot plant (7.2 MW) in

one prospect

The rest are under

surface investigation by

public and private sector

5km

LA-1

LA-2

LA-3LA-4

LA-5

LA-6LA-7

LA-8

P/P

Lake Langano

Lake Ziwayfumarole

hot spring

geothermal well

Aluto Langano Geothermal Field

Surface Exploration and Drilling in mid 1980s

Drilling of Eight wells ( 1300 – 2500m)

4 wells productive

Production Zone

Aluto Langano Geothermal Field Conceptual model in 1980s

Upflow LA -6, LA-3

LA -8, LA-4 marginal

Hot fluid uprise along a fault zone and lateral migration

Pilot Power Plant (End of 1990’s) using productive wells

Binary Plant

Plant Has Two Units

Geothermal Combined Cycle Unit

Steam enters backpressure turbine producing

electricity. Exhausted low pressure steam flows

to heat exchanger vaporizing pentane working

fluid. Pentane drives organic turbine / generator

OEC UNIT

Ormat Energy Converter Unit

Medium pressure steam and brine

Pentane absorbs heat from heat exchanger,

vaporizes, drives turbine, producing generating

electricity

Low pressure pentane flows to aircooled

condensers, liquefies, and is pumped back to

heat exchanger

ALUTO

GSE-EEP-World Bank-Government of Japan

Appraisal Drilling (Aluto: 4 wells)

Aim Current

status

Completion

time Project Cost

Resource

evaluation

and design

Drilling 2nd

Completed 2015

30 million

US$

Current Geothermal Projects

Aluto

All temperature profiles

and estimated stabilized

formation temperature

The stabilized formation

temperature was estimated

from the data set of the

temperature

recovery test. The estimated

formation temperature simply

increase with depth and

reach about 300oC at the well

bottom.

Estimated Formation temperature

Current Geothermal Projects

Aluto

Current Geothermal Projects

Aluto

The 2 wells are productive with output pf 5 MW together

World Bank-GoE Geothermal Sector Development Project

Aim Current status Completion time Project cost

Production

drilling at Aluto

and 70MW plant

and Test drilling

and 25 MW plant

at Allalobeda

Under Tender 2020 230 million

US$

Next Steps: purchase of drilling consumables, two rigs, drilling service

company power plants and construction

AFD-GoE Shallow Resource Devt and deep drilling

( Tendaho)

12 MW

Shallow

resource and 2

test wells (deep

resource)

Tendering process

has started 2018

> 20 million euro

Next Steps: geothermal consulting company, drilling service company,

12 MW plant purchase and and installation

Current Geothermal Projects

Aluto

Tendah

o

JICA Geothermal Exploration

Aim Current status Completion time Project cost

Exploration and

testing at

Ayrobera and

Boseti

Preparation to

commence field

work

2017

Ethio Jica Test well drilling Projects

Boseti

Ayrobera

Corbetti Geothermal Devt

Aim Current status Completion time Project cost

Exploration and

dvt of 500 MW

Preparation to

commence

drilling

2018 2 billion US$

Current Geothermal Projects

Private Sector

Coorbet

ti

HoT and detailed PPA signed with Corbetti Geothermal

Candidate under Power Africa initiative (USA)

OTHER IPP PROJECTS ( ORMAT- 4 areas), Cluff geothermal

( 2 areas) RG (2 areas)

Aim Current status Completion time

Exploration and

dvt Surface Exploration 2018

GEOTHERMAL LAW

Geothermal Resources Development Proclamation

Objectives

The objectives of this Proclamation are to:

1/ ensure that the country’s Geothermal Resources are

developed in an orderly, sustainable and environmentally

responsible manner;

2/ support the generation and delivery of electricity from

Geothermal Energy for local consumption and export;

3/ promote the use of Class II Geothermal Resources for

direct uses including space heating and cooling, industrial and

agricultural processes, refrigeration, green housing, aquaculture

and balneology;

4/ ensure security of tenure for all investors in respect of

Geothermal Resources development operations;

GEOTHERMAL LAW

Government Geothermal Operations

The Government may undertake Geothermal Operations, either by

itself or in partnership with private-sector investors. Geothermal

Resource exploration and development activities to the degree

where the Licensing Authority gets sufficient data to grant a

Wellfiled Development and Use License on a competitive basis.

Types of icenses

Reconnaissance License;

Exploration License; and

Geothermal Wellfield Development and Use License;

Future Plans

After hydropower geothermal is the next optimum resource to develop

Geothermal in the long term power development

o 2,500 MW by 2030

o 5,000 MW by 2037

By 2037 - 30% of energy generated in the grid

o Around 40,000 GWh

o Capital cost 4,000,000 $/MW

o 20 billion $ in 25 years

CONCLUSIONS

Geothermal is currently given high priority as base load

to complement hydro

Bilateral and Mutilateral Cooperations are very essential

to meet the ambitious geothermal development targets

The private sector would be the main player in

Geothermal Expploration and Development

Thank you