spe distinguished lecturer · pdf filespe distinguished lecturer series ... bp exploration...
TRANSCRIPT
SPE DISTINGUISHED LECTURER SERIESis funded principally
through a grant of thethrough a grant of the
SPE FOUNDATIONThe Society gratefully acknowledges
those companies that support the programby allowing their professionals
to participate as Lecturers.
And special thanks to The American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical,p g gand Petroleum Engineers (AIME) for their contribution to the program.
BP EXPLORATION
Wellbore Quality Characterization for Drilling and Casing R nningfor Drilling and Casing Running in Challenging Wells
Dr. Colin MasonSenior Drilling SpecialistSunbury-on-ThamesUnited Kingdom
Telephone: +44 1932 739518Telephone: +44 1932 739518Email: [email protected]: [email protected]
Lecture OverviewLecture Overview
IntroductionIntroductionDefinitionDefinitionDefinitionDefinitionMeasuring wellbore qualityMeasuring wellbore qualityM i llb litM i llb litManaging wellbore qualityManaging wellbore qualityField case studiesField case studiesConclusionsConclusions
IntroductionIntroduction
"Wellbore quality" common oilfield concept "Wellbore quality" common oilfield concept Often associated with directional drillingOften associated with directional drillingggOften linked with performance improvementsOften linked with performance improvementsDiverse interpretations for each disciplineDiverse interpretations for each disciplinep pp pNo unique definition existsNo unique definition existsNo proven method of measurement existNo proven method of measurement existNo proven method of measurement existNo proven method of measurement existContext: Context: Drilling and CompletionsDrilling and Completions
Wellbore Quality ParametersWellbore Quality Parameters
Attribute Influenced byyTortuosity Directional drillerWellbore spiralling Directional drilling BHAp g gCuttings bed Drilling practicesLedging Drilling practices / environmentLedging Drilling practices / environmentLost circulation Drilling practices / environmentWellbore breakout Mud weight / exposure timeWellbore breakout Mud weight / exposure timeFormation damage Mud type / mud propertiesTarget hole size Planning / LearningTarget hole size Planning / LearningMeasurable Chosen methodology
Definition – Quality WellboreDefinition – Quality Wellbore
Straight wellboreStraight wellbore –– minimal tortuosity and minimal tortuosity and minimal hole spiralling (microminimal hole spiralling (micro--tortuosity)tortuosity)Round gauge holeRound gauge hole –– minimal wellbore breakminimal wellbore break--out,out,no washno wash--outs and hole not undergaugeouts and hole not undergaugeSmooth wellboreSmooth wellbore –– minimal ledgingminimal ledgingClean holeClean hole –– minimal residual cuttings bed minimal residual cuttings bed Integrity Integrity –– no leakage, no formation damageno leakage, no formation damageFit for purposeFit for purpose –– casing or logs will run to depthcasing or logs will run to depth
Benefits – Quality WellboreBenefits – Quality Wellbore
Improved weight transferImproved weight transfer –– better ROP better ROP Good hole cleaningGood hole cleaning –– gauge hole gauge hole gg g gg gLower vibrationLower vibration –– constant drilling parametersconstant drilling parametersTroubleTrouble--free trips & casing runs free trips & casing runs –– gauge holegauge holep gp g g gg gBetter log qualityBetter log quality –– gauge, nongauge, non--spiralled holespiralled holeCompetent cement bondCompetent cement bond –– gauge holegauge holeCompetent cement bondCompetent cement bond gauge holegauge holeReduced torque and dragReduced torque and drag –– low tortuositylow tortuosity
Influences: Subsurface EnvironmentInfluences: Subsurface Environment
Geology influences wellbore qualityPore Pressure / Fracture GradientPore Pressure / Fracture GradientGeothermal GradientGeothermal GradientFormation TypesFormation TypesRock StrengthRock StrengthStress OrientationStress OrientationFractures / FaultingFractures / FaultingLife of field issues Life of field issues –– depletiondepletion
Influences: Wellbore PlacementInfluences: Wellbore Placement
Wellpath selectionWellpath selectionTortuosity (planned versus actual)Tortuosity (planned versus actual)Tortuosity (planned versus actual)Tortuosity (planned versus actual)
0
M
M13
MM M
M04
M M
5,000
D B
RT
(ft)
M15z M
18
M17
M12
M10
M09
M08
M07
M06
M03 M
02
M01
F21F20
F19
F18
M05
M15 M
14
M11
M16
10 000
TVD
10,0000 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000
Equivalent Departure (ft)
Influences: Mud SystemInfluences: Mud System
In this application an OBM is needed to stabilise a shale
Influences: Directional Drilling ToolsInfluences: Directional Drilling Tools
Rotary Steerable ToolRotary Steerable ToolRotary Steerable ToolRotary Steerable ToolLong Long gaugegaugePDCPDCPDC PDC bitbit
Steerable MotorSteerable Motor
Tricone BitTricone Bit
Hole Spiralling – IntroductionHole Spiralling – Introduction
Hole spiralling exists in most wells Hole spiralling exists in most wells Pitch, amplitude, drift, gauge Pitch, amplitude, drift, gauge –– key parameterskey parametersNegatively impacts drilling and completion operationsNegatively impacts drilling and completion operationsUsually can be detected from logsUsually can be detected from logsEff t d i h i t l / ERD llEff t d i h i t l / ERD llEffects more pronounced in horizontal / ERD wellsEffects more pronounced in horizontal / ERD wellsLong gauge bits Long gauge bits –– tend to help reduce spirallingtend to help reduce spiralling
Hole Spiralling – ImagingHole Spiralling – Imaging
Hole Spiralling – Image LogHole Spiralling – Image Log
Image Log shows Spiral Hole from PDM dPDM and RSS (Cannot be seen inseen in Survey)
Limitation of MWD Survey ToolsLimitation of MWD Survey Tools
MWD survey tool crosses the trough or valley of a spiral hole. Inclination and direction of the drift is being measured.
This effect is called “micro-tortuosity”
Problems associated with a Spiralled HoleReduced Drift
Higher friction forces higher T&D
Problems associated with a Spiralled Hole
Higher friction forces, higher T&D
Lower ROP, poor weight transfer
Casing hangs upg g
Ambiguous log response
Cuttings Bed TrapsUnstable bit
Higher vibrationCuttings Bed Traps
Poor hole cleaning
Backreaming and short trips
Higher vibration
More tool failures
Shortened bit life Stuck pipe
Poor cement jobMore trips
Spiralling results from Unstable BitConfined byhigh-side
Spiralling results from Unstable Bit
high side troughs
Confined bylow-side peaksp
How Spiralling is CreatedHow Spiralling is Created
Measuring Wellbore QualityMeasuring Wellbore Quality
Explicit methods Explicit methods –– physical measurementsphysical measurements–– individual measures possibleindividual measures possibleindividual measures possibleindividual measures possible–– difficult to interpret in terms of wellbore qualitydifficult to interpret in terms of wellbore quality–– specific examples illustratedspecific examples illustratedspecific examples illustratedspecific examples illustrated
Implicit methods Implicit methods –– indirect measurementsindirect measurementsmeasure responses to wellbore qualitymeasure responses to wellbore quality–– measure responses to wellbore qualitymeasure responses to wellbore quality
–– Illustrated by analogy and applicationsIllustrated by analogy and applications
Measuring Wellbore QualityMeasuring Wellbore Quality
Explicit MethodsExplicit MethodsDriftDrift –– caliper logscaliper logsDrift Drift caliper logscaliper logsSurface finish Surface finish –– inferred from image logsinferred from image logsMicroMicro--tortuosity / spirallingtortuosity / spiralling –– pitch amplitudepitch amplitudeMicroMicro tortuosity / spiralling tortuosity / spiralling pitch, amplitudepitch, amplitudeTortuosity / doglegs Tortuosity / doglegs –– statistical analysisstatistical analysisPseudo measurePseudo measure –– directional difficulty indexdirectional difficulty indexPseudo measure Pseudo measure –– directional difficulty indexdirectional difficulty index
Caliper Logs – Drilling vs Trip-OutCaliper Logs – Drilling vs. Trip-Out
Colville HRZ Kuparuk Kuparuk C Miluveach Kingak12
Colville HRZ
Colville
Kuparuk Kuparuk C Miluveach Kingak
11
11.5
9 5
10
10.5
er (i
ns.)
8.5
9
9.5
Dia
met
e
7.5
8Caliper during DrillingCaliper during Trip-Out
716,000 16,500 17,000 17,500 18,000 18,500 19,000
Measured Depth (ft)
Measuring Wellbore QualityMeasuring Wellbore Quality
Implicit MethodsImplicit MethodsRequire a methodology / philosophyRequire a methodology / philosophyRequire a methodology / philosophyRequire a methodology / philosophyIdentify appropriate response variableIdentify appropriate response variableInformation to characterize responsesInformation to characterize responsesInformation to characterize responses Information to characterize responses Analysis and interpretationAnalysis and interpretationScoring / ranking processScoring / ranking processScoring / ranking processScoring / ranking process
Head Trauma Injury AssessmentHead Trauma Injury Assessment
ScenarioScenarioScenarioScenarioPatient arrives at Emergency RoomPatient arrives at Emergency RoomApparent Head InjuryApparent Head InjuryApparent Head InjuryApparent Head InjuryImmediate assessment of brain function neededImmediate assessment of brain function neededNo immediate visual assessment possible No immediate visual assessment possible pp–– no useful explicit measureno useful explicit measureHow does the physician carry out the evaluation?How does the physician carry out the evaluation?Responses to stimuli are carried out Responses to stimuli are carried out –– implicit measuresimplicit measures
Head Trauma Injury AssessmentHead Trauma Injury Assessment
Three responsesThree responsesdetermine determine overall severityoverall severityoverall severityoverall severityof head traumaof head trauma
GCS GCS ≥≥ 13 Mild Brain Injury13 Mild Brain Injury
99 ≤≤ GCSGCS ≤≤ 12 Moderate Brain Injury12 Moderate Brain Injury9 9 ≤≤ GCS GCS ≤≤ 12 Moderate Brain Injury12 Moderate Brain Injury
3 3 ≤≤ GCS GCS ≤≤ 8 Severe Brain Injury8 Severe Brain InjuryGCS = Glasgow Coma Scale
The Wellbore Quality Scorecard (WQS)The Wellbore Quality Scorecard (WQS)
MethodologyMethodologyTechnique based on head trauma assessmentTechnique based on head trauma assessmentWellbore quality inferred from response variablesWellbore quality inferred from response variables–– drilling, trippingdrilling, tripping--out and casing runningout and casing running
Primary response variables are T&D parametersPrimary response variables are T&D parametersSurface logging data used to characterize responsesSurface logging data used to characterize responsesTrend analysis principal evaluation toolTrend analysis principal evaluation toolTrend analysis principal evaluation toolTrend analysis principal evaluation toolExtent and intensity of data variations evaluatedExtent and intensity of data variations evaluated
Example – Torque Trend DataExample – Torque Trend Data
35Narrow
25
30
Narrow bandwidthVery low open hole friction factor
indicative of good drilling practicesalso OBM used so good lubricityhole quality considered excellent
20
25
e (k
ft.lb
)
10
15
Torq
ue
FF = 0.17/0.11Surface TorqueBit Torque
5
t o que
01,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000
Measured Depth (m)
Wellbore Quality Scorecard – GuidelinesWellbore Quality Scorecard – Guidelines
Drilling Response (5 points) Score
S d illi bl
Casing Running Response (8 points) Score
Severe casing running problemsSevere drilling problems- stuck pipe- near stuck pipe incident
01
Transient drilling problemspoor hole cleaning with high cuttings bed 2
g g p- stuck casing- casing pulled due to downhole problems
00
Differential sticking environment- static friction > 100 klbs on connections 1
- poor hole cleaning with high cuttings bed- severe pack-off- severe loss circulation- erratic torque and drag response
2223
Torque and drag response
- static friction > 50 klbs on connections 2
Intervention needed during casing run- unplanned rotation needed - unplanned circulation needed
j i t i d t d d
345Torque and drag response
- all parameters follow smooth trend- lower than expected torque and drag
45
Final Trip-out Response (7 points) Score
St k i 0
- joints wiped to reduce drag 5
Casing run without significant problems- elevated but smooth drag levels- achieved expected drag levels
better than expected drag levels
678Stuck pipe 0
Residual cuttings bed / differential sticking- section length with overpulls > 100 klbs- section length with overpulls > 50 klbs
12
Transient tripping-out problems- loss circulation- unplanned circulation
unplanned reaming and back reaming
555
- better than expected drag levels 8
- unplanned reaming and back-reaming 5
Ledges- isolated overpulls > 100 klbs- isolated overpulls > 50 klbs
34
Drag response- smooth drag levels measured throughout- better than expected drag levels recorded
67
Wellbore Quality Scores – InterpretationWellbore Quality Scores – Interpretation
WQS is recorded as a response mnemonicWQS is recorded as a response mnemonicWQS is recorded as a response mnemonicWQS is recorded as a response mnemonic–– D4T5C5D4T5C5 (Drilling 4; Tripping(Drilling 4; Tripping--out 5; Casing Running 5)out 5; Casing Running 5)
WQS = sum of each response scoreWQS = sum of each response scoreWQS sum of each response scoreWQS sum of each response score
0 < WQS ≤ 2 stuck pipe or stuck casing2 < WQS ≤ 6 low quality wellbore6 < WQS ≤ 10 medium wellbore quality10 < WQS ≤ 14 high wellbore quality14 < WQS < 20 excellent wellbore quality
WQS = 20 “The Perfect Wellbore!”
Case Study – Horizontal Well NorwayCase Study – Horizontal Well Norway
26” conductor @ 486m
SizeSizeinsins
WeightWeightppfppf
GradeGrade ConnectionConnectionTypeType
TopTopTVD RKBTVD RKB
BottomBottomTVD RKBTVD RKB
BottomBottomMD RKBMD RKB
13-3/8” shoe
@ 486m ins.ins. ppfppf TypeType TVD RKBTVD RKB TVD RKBTVD RKB MD RKBMD RKB
26"26" 267267 XX--6565 XLCXLC--SS SurfaceSurface 478 m478 m 478 m478 m
1313--3/8"3/8" 7272 PP--110110 Dino VamDino Vam SurfaceSurface 1443 m1443 m 1521 m1521 m
99--5/8"5/8" 53 553 5 PP--110110 New VamNew Vam SurfaceSurface 2654 m2654 m 3200 m3200 m@ 1,521m
99 5/85/8 53.553.5 PP 110110 New VamNew Vam SurfaceSurface 2654 m2654 m 3200 m3200 m
5½"5½" 32.632.6 QQ--125125 Vam TopVam Top 2554 m MD2554 m MD 2516 m2516 m 5398 m5398 m
5½” TOL@ 2,554m
Drill 2,198m 8½” horizontal section
Run 2,844m 5½” thick wall liner
9-5/8" shoe @ 3,200m
Run 2,844m 5½ thick wall liner
5½” shoe@ 5,398m
Case Study – Drilling Response (D3)Case Study – Drilling Response (D3)
45
50
900
1,000
Erratic Torque Response
35
40
45
700
800
900BHA 8: RSS + PDC BitBHA 9: RSS + PDC BitFF=0.20/0.15String RPM
Vibration problems in chalk reservoir
25
30
orqu
e (k
Nm
)
500
600 String R
15
20
Surfa
ce T
300
400
RPM
5
10
100
200
03,100 3,300 3,500 3,700 3,900 4,100 4,300 4,500 4,700 4,900 5,100 5,300 5,500
Measured Depth (m)
0
Case Study – Tripping-out Response (T2)300
Case Study – Tripping-out Response (T2)
250
ue (k
Nm
)
BHA 9: HookloadBHA 9: Surface TorquePick-Up: FF=0.15/0.20
9-5/8" Shoe@ 3,200m
TD @5,398m
Elevated Drag4,400-4,600m
Elevated Drag5,200-5,400m
150
200
Surfa
ce T
orqu
Mud Type: OBMWeight = 1.50 SGPV = 36 cPYP = 21 lbf/100ft²
100
oad
(tonn
es) /
Reaming/Back reaming
50Hoo
klo Reaming/Back-reaming
needed to reduce drag
00 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 5,500
Measured Depth (m)
Case Study – Liner Running Response (C3)Case Study – Liner Running Response (C3)250
¼ S
9-5/8" Shoe@ 3,200m
Liner Shoe@ 5,398m
Severe Slip stick effectSevere Slip stick effect
200
kNm
)
67m 453m
2,252m 69m
2,557m
8¼" Reamer Shoe 5" 18.0# Q125 H-125 Liner 5" 26.7# Q125 Vam Top HT 5½" 32.6# Q125 Vam Top HT 7" 32.0# P110 Vam Top HT 5½" 26.4# DP 5½" FH
Mud Type: OBMWeight = 1.50 SGPV = 35 cP
Severe Slip stick effect Severe Slip stick effect when running linerwhen running liner
150
es) /
Tor
que
(k
Surface TorqueHookloadSlack-Off: FF=0.12/0.45
YP = 19 lbf/100ft²
100
ookl
oad
(tonn
e
50
Ho
8¼" solid centraliser on 5" casing8" solid centraliser on 5½" casing8¼" solid centraliser on 7" casing
00 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 5,500
Measured Depth (m)
Completed Wellbore Quality ScorecardCompleted Wellbore Quality Scorecard
Horizontal Well Offshore NorwayHorizontal Well Offshore Norway WQSWQS
Drilling Response (max 5 points)Drilling Response (max 5 points)Persistent erratic torque response observed. Observation is indicative of vibration problems Persistent erratic torque response observed. Observation is indicative of vibration problems typically seen in the chalk reservoir. Vibrations are considered a transient problem and should typically seen in the chalk reservoir. Vibrations are considered a transient problem and should not significantly impact overall wellbore quality. not significantly impact overall wellbore quality.
33
g y p q yg y p q yAverage rotary friction factors of 0.20/0.15 are typical of fieldAverage rotary friction factors of 0.20/0.15 are typical of field--wide torque behaviour.wide torque behaviour.
Final TripFinal Trip--out Of Hole Response (max 7 points)out Of Hole Response (max 7 points)Elevated drag levels in excess of 50klbs are observed from 4,300 to 4,600m and from 5,200 to Elevated drag levels in excess of 50klbs are observed from 4,300 to 4,600m and from 5,200 to 5,400m indicating a possible hole cleaning problem. Overpulls also occur at chalk / shale 5,400m indicating a possible hole cleaning problem. Overpulls also occur at chalk / shale
22
, g p g p p, g p g p ptransition zones. A form of sliptransition zones. A form of slip--stick axial drag is also present when trippingstick axial drag is also present when tripping--out through the out through the open hole section. open hole section. Average pickAverage pick--up friction factors of 0.15/0.20 are typical of fieldup friction factors of 0.15/0.20 are typical of field--wide experience.wide experience.
Liner Running Response (max 8 points)Liner Running Response (max 8 points) 33Liner running in open hole is far from smooth; significant axial slipLiner running in open hole is far from smooth; significant axial slip--stick events observed which stick events observed which increase in intensity with depth. String has to be worked significantly over last 600m. String increase in intensity with depth. String has to be worked significantly over last 600m. String also had to be torqued to overcome tight spots / ledges. also had to be torqued to overcome tight spots / ledges. SlackSlack--off friction factors of 0.12/0.45 are in line with fieldoff friction factors of 0.12/0.45 are in line with field--wide experience.wide experience.
WQS (D3T2C3)WQS (D3T2C3)A score of 8 corresponds to a medium quality wellbore.A score of 8 corresponds to a medium quality wellbore.
88
Cost vs Wellbore Quality RelationshipCost vs. Wellbore Quality Relationship
E!
Field data suggestsLow WQS ⇒
Cos
t
ECT
WEL
LBO
REvery high D&C costs
Too high WQS⇒W
ell C
THE
PER
FEToo high WQS⇒higher D&C costs
TrainWreck
LowQuality
MediumQuality
HighQuality
ExcellentQuality
Optimum WQS ⇒lowest D&C costs
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
WQS
Wellbore Quality ScorecardWellbore Quality Scorecard
LearningsLearningsA low WQS does not always equate to poor performanceA low WQS does not always equate to poor performanceA l WQS b d t d f diffi lt f d illiA l WQS b d t d f diffi lt f d illiA low WQS can be due to degree of difficulty of drilling A low WQS can be due to degree of difficulty of drilling and casing running in that fieldand casing running in that fieldPoorly designed casing run can result in failurePoorly designed casing run can result in failurey g gy g gImplications of scoring wellbore quality need to be Implications of scoring wellbore quality need to be understood by operators / service companiesunderstood by operators / service companiesWellbore Quality has to be managed at field levelWellbore Quality has to be managed at field levelWellbore Quality has to be managed at field levelWellbore Quality has to be managed at field levelNeed to understand Cost vs. Wellbore Quality relationshipNeed to understand Cost vs. Wellbore Quality relationship
Managing Wellbore QualityManaging Wellbore Quality
Drilling PracticesDrilling PracticesOperating Parameters (WOB, RPM, Flow Rate)Operating Parameters (WOB, RPM, Flow Rate)Connection practicesConnection practicesHole cleaning practicesHole cleaning practicesMud weight managementMud weight managementManaging packManaging pack--offsoffsVibration managementVibration managementECD managementECD management
Managing Wellbore QualityManaging Wellbore Quality
Tripping / Casing Running PracticesTripping / Casing Running PracticesSurge and Swab Pressure CyclesSurge and Swab Pressure CyclesSurge and Swab Pressure Cycles Surge and Swab Pressure Cycles –– can result in rock fatiguecan result in rock fatigue
Managing Downhole Problems Managing Downhole Problems g gg g–– cuttings bed, ledging, packcuttings bed, ledging, pack--offs, overpullsoffs, overpulls
Circulation LossesCirculation Losses–– especially during casing runningespecially during casing running
Enhancing Wellbore QualityEnhancing Wellbore Quality
Emerging TechnologiesEmerging TechnologiesContinuous Circulation SystemContinuous Circulation SystemContinuous Circulation System Continuous Circulation System –– reduces swab and surge cycles in wellreduces swab and surge cycles in well
ECD ReductionECD Reduction–– reduces downhole annular pressuresreduces downhole annular pressures
Fracture Gradient Enhancement Fracture Gradient Enhancement –– strengthens wellbore by forming stress cagestrengthens wellbore by forming stress cage
Wellbore Quality CharacterizationWellbore Quality Characterization
ConclusionsConclusionsCharacterization important conceptCharacterization important conceptCan reflect degree of difficultyCan reflect degree of difficultyMost value for horizontal and ERD wellsMost value for horizontal and ERD wellsIndustry standard definition neededIndustry standard definition neededMeasurement protocol biggest challengeMeasurement protocol biggest challengeWellbore quality scorecard promising techniqueWellbore quality scorecard promising techniqueSoftware needed: efficiency, clarity & consistencySoftware needed: efficiency, clarity & consistencyWellbore quality enhancing technology existsWellbore quality enhancing technology exists
Additional SlidesAdditional Slides
Hole Spiralling – Inferred from LogsHole Spiralling – Inferred from Logs
Log Evidence: Caliper vs. Neutron Porosity vs. Sonic DTLog Evidence: Caliper vs. Neutron Porosity vs. Sonic DT
Image Log – 8½” SectionImage Log – 8½ Section
Image Logs – 6-1/8” Hole SpirallingImage Logs – 6-1/8 Hole Spiralling
Image Logs – 6-1/8” Hole SpirallingImage Logs – 6-1/8 Hole Spiralling
Wellbore Quality vs Tubing LifeWellbore Quality vs. Tubing Life
Slant drilling CanadaSlant drilling CanadaggHeavy Oil ReservoirHeavy Oil ReservoirPad DrillingPad Drilling600m TVD600m TVD
Canada – High DLS Slant WellCanada – High DLS Slant Well
Tubing Wear vs. DLS/hole angle for high-DLS well Well on production for 2½ months before failure
Canada – Low DLS Slant WellCanada – Low DLS Slant Well
Tubing Wear vs. DLS/hole angle for low-DLS well Well on production for 21 months before failure
Drilling 12¼” Section – Azerbaijan WellDrilling 12¼ Section – Azerbaijan Well45 900
Surface Torque - BHA 7S f T BHA 6
Mud Type: SOBMWeight = 1 60 SG
35
40
700
800Surface Torque - BHA 6On-Bottom: FF=0.25/0.30Off-Bottom: FF=0.25/0.30Surface RPM
Weight = 1.60 SGPV = 40 cPYP = 29 lbf/100ft²
WOB 20 klb
25
30
orqu
e (k
ft.lb
)
500
600
String R
WOB = 20 klbsBit Torque = 5 kft.lbFlow Rate = 1,000 GPM
15
20
Surfa
ce T
o
300
400
RPM
5
10
100
200
01,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000
Measured Depth (m)
0
Tripping-out 12¼” Hole – Azerbaijan WellTripping-out 12¼ Hole – Azerbaijan Well
450
500
350
400
450HookloadPick-Up: FF=0.20/0.20
250
300
350
oad
(klb
s)
150
200Hoo
klo
50
100
00 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000
Measured Depth (m)
Running 9-5/8” Casing – Azerbaijan WellRunning 9-5/8 Casing – Azerbaijan Well800 8
13-3/8" Shoe@ 1,560m
12-1/4" TD@ 4,415m
600
700
6
7
HookloadStatic Up DragStatic Down DragPick-Up TrendSl k Off T d
400
500
oad
(klb
s)
4
5
Block Veloc
Slack-Off TrendSlack-Off: FF=0.20/0.30Block Velocity
Mud Type: SOBM
300Hoo
klo
3
city (m/s)
ypWeight = 1.60 SGPV = 37 cPYP = 26 lbf/100ft²
100
200
1
2
00 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000
Measured Depth (m)
0
WQS – Azerbaijan WellWQS – Azerbaijan Well
WQS: Wytch Farm ERD WellsWQS: Wytch Farm ERD Wells
M13
M04
0
t)
M15z M
18
M17
M12
M10
M09
M08
M07
M06
M03 M
02
M01
F21F20
F19
F18
M05
M15 M
14
M11
M16
5,000
TVD
BR
T (ft
8 2
10,0000 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000, , , , , , , ,
Equivalent Departure (ft)
Wytch Farm – Torques 12¼” SectionWytch Farm – Torques 12¼ Section40
30
35
M05M09M11
20
25
orqu
e (k
ft.lb
) M11M14M16
10
15
Surfa
ce T
o
5
10
00 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000
Measured Depth (m)
Wytch Farm – 9-5/8” Casing RunsWytch Farm – 9-5/8 Casing Runs60
20
40 M09M11M14M16
-20
0
eigh
t (kl
bs)
M16
60
-40
Strin
g W
e
-80
-60
-1000 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000
Measured Depth (m)
Wytch Farm ERD Wells – WQS SummaryWytch Farm ERD Wells – WQS Summary
C t hi h WQSComments on high WQSGood learning curve Continuous ERD drilling programContinuous ERD drilling program