Socio-Economic

Socio-Economic Survey of ZuariBy Aniruddha Deo 2010A4PS185GManas Srivastava 2010A1PS425GShanmukh Kumar 2010A8PS419GBhaskar Tetarbe 2010A8PS278G1

IntroductionCensus defines a slum as "residential areas where dwellings are unfit for human habitation" because they are dilapidated, cramped, poorly ventilated, unclean, or "any combination of these factors which are detrimental to the safety and health1 in every 6 Indian urban residents live in a slum. Slum growth is significantly lower than projected one for India. (Census Data)At least 12% of urban population still lived in slums in 2012.About 41% of slums were notified and 59% werent. 48% of notified slums and 41% of non-notified slums were located on private land.Only 6.5% of slums had no electricity 11% of non-notified slums while 0.1% of notified slumsMajority of house have pucca structures in 60% of all slums, 85% among notified while only 42% in the other category71% of all slums had taps as major sources of drinking water 81% of notified while 64% for non-notified ones.

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Literature ReviewSurfed the internet in search of older surveys conducted on slums in other places in India to obtain a clear picture Links to the articles and details of papers used are given in the bibliography in the end of the presentation and report as well.Review of a paper is explained in the presentation to start off in the right direction

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A Survey of Urban Poor in Delhi and ChennaiStudy is based on household survey conducted by NCAER.Sample size is of around 2000 poor households of slums of Delhi and ChennaiDemographics of people of sample size are given on the basis of religion, gender etc.Monthly per capita income of Delhi slum is: Rs. 533 and that of Chennai slum is: Rs. 608They were also asked questions based on their employment, job categories.They face general and major problems with sanitation.4

HypothesisGeneral Notion: Poor people who live in slums are illiterate, uncivilized, un-hygienicHypothesis put forward here:People who live in slums are un-hygienic, uneducated and face a lot of issues like lack of basic needs like clean drinking water etc.

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Research DesignWe follow Scientific Method to come to a verdict on the hypothesis formulated by the help of research paper reviewed and data acquired.Survey is the process of data acquisition used in this research.

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Data Collection and AnalysisSurvey is of Zuari slum in Zuarinagar, Goa.Number of families in slum is found to be in range of 250-300 although government put it around 600We approached a single person from each family, details of 106 families and 432 individuals were thus collectedAll the data in the report is based on what families have told us.

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Migrant Population8

Years of Stay in Goa9

Number of People staying together in a house10

Demographics Age wise split11

Demographics Gender-wise Split12

Occupation13

If studying, what is the person studying?14

Else, Qualifications?15

Income per month16

Amenities in the house17

Ownership of house18

Women in the house employed?19

If no, willingness to work for Self-Help Group?20

Vehicle owned?21

Ration Card owned?22

Reasons for not possessing a Ration CardThere were a variety of reasons for not owning ration cards:They were made to run around by the local officials for ration card but they never actually got them unless there was some monetary incentive involved for these officialsSome migrants have ration cards at their native places, they do not want to cancel thoseSome simply lack awarenessA few dont have the documents necessary to get a ration card made.23

Main problems in the areaSchool is not good enough Erratic water supplyFew complaints about air pollution due to factoriesDrainage problemsWater borne diseases during rainy seasonBad water disposal system24

ConclusionWe conclude that our hypothesis was partially true. Partially, because our assumption that majority are illeterate does not hold true on analysis of collected dataThough our assumption of lack of basic amenities in slums does hold trueSlums are an extension of city that are blind-sided by the government authorities except during polling seasonThis particular segment of society is shielded from the effects of Globalization and at the risk of perennial impoverishment

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Recommendationsslum upgrading, conducted through concerted strategies and involving self-help and local ownership as the recommended response to poor conditions and services in existing slumsImproving tenure security as a means of bettering the lives of slum dwellers and improving their access to urban services, finance and income-generating opportunitiesIncreasing employment opportunities through support for the small enterprises and poverty alleviation measures, including the use of appropriate technologies for infrastructure and housing provision that are affordable and provide work opportunitiesAn inclusive city approach by local authorities who are increasingly responsive and accountable to their citizens, seeking to benefit all constituents and embracing principles of good governance

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Bibliography

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THANK YOU28