04. socio economic

AP-CF/VSS/Socio-economic/Final

A REVIEW OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMICDATA FROM SAMPLED

VSS VILLAGES

PREPARED FOR ANDHRA PRADESH FOREST DEPARTMENT

FOUNDATION FOR REVITALISATIONOF LOCAL HEALTH TRADITIONS

(FRLHT)

JULY 2002


PREFACE

The consultancy contract titled “Sustainable Harvesting, Conservation,

Cultivation and Marketing Linkages for Medicinal Plants of Andhra Pradesh

Community Forest Management Project” was assigned to FRLHT, in July 2001, by

the Andhra Pradesh Forest Department. The following reports were generated as a part of

the study;

1. Sustainable Harvesting, Conservation, Cultivation And Marketing Linkages For Medicinal

Plants Of Andhra Pradesh Community Forest Management Project

AP-CF/Main/Final Report/Final

2. Assessment Of Medicinal Plant Resources At 18 Sampled VSS Sites Across Six Selected

Districts Of The Project Area AP-CF/VSS/Resource/Final

3. A Review Of The Socio-Economic Data From Sampled VSS VillagesAP-CF/VSS/Socio-economic/Final

4. Trade Status Of Commercially Important Medicinal Plant Species Of The Project Area

Of Andhra Pradesh Community Forest Management ProjectAP-CF/Trade Report /Version 2/Final

5. Propagation And Agrotechnology Status Of Commercially Important Medicinal Plant Species

Of The Project Area (14 Districts) Of Andhra Pradesh Community Forest Management

Project AP-CF/Propagation and Agrotechnology Report/Final

6. Medicinal Plant Species Of Andhra Pradesh Community Forest Management Project Area

(With Presence In The Three Agro-Climatic Zones)

AP_CF/Checklist- Revised/ Final


7. Report On The Workshop – On Assessment Of The Community Perceptions (Via PRA With

VSS Members) Relating To Native Medicinal Plants Of Andhra Pradesh

AP_CF/Workshop Report

8. Guidelines For Establishing In Situ Gene Banks For Conservation Of The Medicinal Plants

Diversity Of The Identified Region AP-CF/In situ Guidelines /Final

9. Value Addition Techniques For Commercially Important Medicinal Plants Of Andhra

Pradesh Including Pharmacoepial Standards for 61 Species

AP_CF/LAB Report/ Final

10. Guidelines For Harvesting, Storage, Drying And Grading & Structures Required For Value

Addition And Storage AP-CF/Guidelines-GMCL & LAB/ Final

11. Simple Formulations For Primary Health Care Uses Based On Ayurveda

AP_CF/TSM Report/Final

12. Recommendations For An Institutional Model For Operationalising Marketing Of Medicinal

Plants AP-CF/GMCL Model/Final

13. A Model MoU Between Industries Consuming Plant Raw Drugs And VSSAP-CF/Model MoU/Final

The current report titled "A Review Of The Socio-Economic Data From Sampled VSS

Villages" constitutes one of the outputs generated under the consultancy contract.


A review of the socio-economic data from sampled VSS Villages:

Introduction :

Eighteen VSS were selected, out of a total of 2262 VSS across the six identified districts of theproject area, for PRA exercises and field data collection. These PRA exercises were co-ordinatedby APCDD (Andhra Pradesh coalition in Defence of Diversity conducted during September 2001to December 2001, through six local NGOs namely, CHRD, SECURE, SVDS, SCOPE,SAHAJEEVAN & SUJANA (details in Annexure 1). Each of these six NGOs took charge ofconducting these PRAs in their respective districts. The consolidated report of these PRAs,prepared by APCDD, has been already submitted along with Draft Final Report (PDF form) andan illustration is provided vide AP-CF/VSS/Socio economic-PRA/Final in this report. A total of415 plant species have been recorded in local medicinal use across the sampled 18 sites. Localnames of these plant species were also recorded, during the PRA exercise, at each site and acomprehensive tabulation of these is enclosed (AP-CF/Socio economic/Table 1).

A comprehensive review of the data collected during these exercises led to the followingObservations, Analysis and Conclusions.

1. Observations

1.1 Currently less than 2% of the population is involved in collection of medicinal plants fortheir livelihood (refer AP-CF/Socio economic/Table 2).

1.2 Across the 18 VSS villages only, 5.1 acres (2.0 Ha) of land has been recorded undercultivation of medicinal plants (at only 2 sites out of 18).

1.3 Every village has several Nati Vaidyas (local healers) ranging from 2 to 13. The averagenumber of such Nati Vaidyas, per 100 households of sampled villages is quite high ataround 4 (refer AP-CF/Socio economic/Table 2).

1.4 The representatives of sampled VSS reported the use of a large number of species ofmedicinal plants (415) in a self-help mode, for human and veterinary primary health careneeds (refer AP-CF/Socio economic/Table 3).

1.5 The average annual household income, of the middle and lower economic class, is aroundRs.8,300 per year (refer AP-CF/Socio economic/Table 2).

1.6 There are currently no value addition activities related to medicinal plants underway inthe sampled VSS villages.

1.7 The majority of the population in the sampled VSS villages belongs to depressed socialclasses like Konda Reddy (ST), Vadabalija, Kapu, Malamadiga (SC), KammaraManyadora, Koppalavelama, Kotiya, Kondadoralu and other tribal groups.

1.8 43 medicinal plant species are locally traded and are mainly purchased by GCC (referAP-CF/Socio economic/Table 4). Species like Cochlospermum religiosum, Semecarpus


anacardium, Pterocarpus marsupium, Holostemma ada-kodien and Sterculia urensfetched relatively high prices in the range of Rs.100 – 120 per kilogram of material. Themajority of the remaining species were fairly low priced at the local level, fetching onlyRs.2 to 5/Kg. Medicinal species which were recorded to be commonly traded across 4 ormore sites were Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia chebula, Sterculia urens, Strychnosnux-vomica, Strychnos potatorum, Tamarindus indica, Pongamia pinnata, Holostemmaada-kodien, Decalepis hamiltonii and Cassia fistula (refer AP-CF/Socio economic/Fig 1).

2. Analysis

2.1.1 Medicinal Plants collection as an economic activity does not contribute significantly tothe income and employment of the VSS households as only about 2 percent of thepopulation earns supplementary income from this activity.

2.1.2 Locally available medicinal plants (415 species) do contribute significantly to primaryhealth care needs of human beings their and livestock.

2.1.3 Not surprisingly cultivation of medicinal plants is at a very low level evidently due tolack of remunerative prices and market linkages.

3. Conclusions:

3.1 If market linkages are established there is a possibility of:

a) Stepping up the scale of cultivationb) Introducing value addition activities related to processing of medicinal plants through

community enterprises.

3.2 If “health education” programs, based on use of local medicinal plants, are carefullydesigned to serve the needs of the community and introduced to women, men andchildren in an effective way, there can be tremendous contribution to improving self-reliance in primary health care, for humans and livestock.

3.3 The value of community benefits arising from self-help use of local plant resources whentranslated in money terms (calculated at the modest rate of health expenditure saving ofRs.500/p.a./household) would also be substantial and comparable to the turnover of asuccessful community enterprise.

3.3 Given the socio-economic profile of the sampled VSS the main beneficiaries ofcultivation, value addition and health education programmes would be the rural poorbelonging to deprived social & economic classes.

Local names for medicinal plants AP-CF/Socio-Economic/Table 1

East Godavari Visakhapatnam Cuddapah Chittoor Medak Khammam1. Aneguru 1. Garikibanda 1. Mudhireddypalle BC 1. Gopalakrishnapuram 1. Akkanapet 1. Chandrukunta2. Bornagudem 2. Ginjarti 2. Nagasanipalle 2. Gopalapuram 2. Kanchenpalle 2. Kalleru3. Mulagapudi 3. M.Thotavalasa 3. Pesalavandlapalle 3. Nerabylu YP 3. Kondapur 3. Murumooru

1 Abrus precatorius Uruvinda (1), Yerra Guruvindha (3)

Erragulivinda (1), Gulivinda (2)

Yerra Guruvinda (1), Tellaguriginja (3)

Guruvinda (1), Tellagurivinda (2) Guriginja (2), Yerra gurija (3) Gurija (1, 2)

2 Abutilon indicum Bellpaku (3) Peddauttareni (2) Botla benda (1), Botlu benda (2), Gotla benda (3)

3 Acacia caesia Korinta (2), Ullingkura (2)

4 Acacia chundra Handra (2) Chendra (1), Chandra (3) Chendrakaya (1), Chandra (2) Sandra (3) Sandra (1, 2), Chandra (3)

5 Acacia leucophloea Tumma (1), Sara tumma (3) Tella tumma (2, 3)6 Acacia nilotica Tumma (2)

7 Acacia pennata Okkateega, Korintha (2), Korinta (3) Korinta (1), Korintha (3) Vadiki tiga (2)

8 Acacia torta Korindi (1) Korindi (1) Muriki tumma (3)9 Acalypha lanceolata Merapaku (1), Merapaku (3)10 Acalypha indica Orapinda (3) Muripinda (2) Kuppinta (1, 2), Pippaku (3) Kuppintaaku (1, 2) Kuppi (1), Kuppae (3)

11Acanthospermum hispidum Palleru (2), Chinna paleru (3)

12 Achyranthes aspera Anka Vajram, Erra Dista (2, 3) Uttareni (2), Dutcheru (3) Uttareni (1, 2, 3) Uttareni (1), Uttureni (2) Uttareni (1, 3) Uttareni (1), Ucchu chettu (2,

3)13 Acorus calamus Vasadumpa (3)14 Adhatoda vasica Addarapa (2)15 Adiantum incisum Nelajerri (2), Jerraku (3)16 Aegle marmelos Aredu (3) Maredu (1,3) Patri (2, 3) Maredu (1, 2, 3)17 Aerva lanata Ondapindaku (3) Pindigudeelam (1) Pindi kura (3)18 Ageratina adenophora Ichikonka, Kanunchi (3)19 Ageratum conyzoides Kampurodda (3)

20 Ailanthus excelsa Birusina maanu, Pedda maanu (2) Pedda maanu (1)

21 Alangium salvifolium Uduga (3) Udiga (2) Uduga (1) Uduga (1), Udiga, Ankolamu (2) Ooduga (2, 3) Oduga (2), Ooduga (3)

22 Albizia amara Narlinga (2, 3) Narlinga (1)

Local names for medicinal plants of Andhra Pradesh(for 18 VSS sites from 6 districts across 3 different geographical regions)

SN. Botanical Name

ANDHRA RAYALASEEMA TELANGANA

Note : Number in the bracket refers to the specific VSS of the concerned district FRLHT, Bangalore



SN. Botanical Name


23 Albizia lebbeck Dirisena (1) Dirisena (2)

24 Allmania nodiflora Nagali kura (1, 2), Nagasaali kura (3), Kodi dumpa (2)

25 Allophylus cobbe26 Aloe vera Manchi Kalabandha (3) Kutikalabanda (2) Kala banda (1)27 Alstonia venenata Palachettu (3)

28 Alternanthera sessilis Ponnaganti (2), Mulla Daggala Chettu (1)

29 Alysicarpus vaginalis Pedda morli (1), Lanja pilla chettu (2), Guddantu tiga (3)

30 Amaranthus spinosus Mulltota (2), Doggali (3)31 Ammannia baccifera Nelachitramoolam (1)

32Amorphophallus paeoniifolius Adavikanda (2) Adavi kanda, Nugu tiga (1)

33 Ampelocissus latifolia Dobba tiga (2) Burka tonda (2), Darra tiga (3)

34 Ampelocissus tomentosa Pedda darra (3)

35 Andrographis paniculata Ela Vemu (2, 3) Nelavemu (2,3) Nelavemu (1) Nelavemu (1), Nelayemi (2) Nelavemu (2), Nelaemu (3) Nelaem (1), Kanduvepa (2), Nelaemu (3)

36Andrographis serpyllifolia Jerraku, Katakarani (2)

37 Anisochilus carnosus Jedalamari (3)38 Anisomeles malabarica Magabeera (1) Magabeera (1, 2)39 Annona squamosa Seetha palum (3) Seetha phal (3)40 Anogeissus acuminata Paachi, Yerra tiga (1)

41 Anogeissus latifolia Vyelama Banka (2) Tiruman (1), Chirmanu (2) Chirmaan (1), Tiruman (2, 3)

42 Aponogeton natans Baniji (2)43 Argemone mexicana Mullu pucha (1), Vulivenjel (2) Rakkosh (2)44 Argyreia setosa Chandrapodi (3) Agnaala chettu (3)




SN. Botanical Name


45 Aristolochia bracteolata Gadidagadapaku (3) Gadidagadapaku (1, 2)

46 Aristolochia indica Allaeswari (2, 3) Nalleswari (1), Telleswari (2) Eswari (2) Eesalleru (1), Esalleru (2) Nallusiri (3) Eaesala (1), Nalleswari (3)

47 Artemisia nilagirica

48 Asparagus racemosus Illidumpa (3) Bheeminijada (3) Pillitegalu, Pilligaddalu (2), Pariki Kampa (3) Utchbuddagaddalu (1) Pilli pittara (1), Pilli pichalu (2),

Pilli peechara (3)

Elugoddu, Eaedchu tiga (1), Pilli peechera, Molla chettu, Yelli tigalu (2), Musalamma gadda (3)

49 Aspidopterys cordata Oddi boddi (3)50 Atylosia scarabaeoides Adavi lva (3)51 Azadirachta indica Vepa (1, 2) Vepa (1, 3) Vepa (1, 2) Vepa (1, 3) Vepa (1, 3)52 Azima tetracantha Uppu Chettu (3) Tellauppi (3)53 Balanites aegyptiaca Gare (1) Gaara (2)

54 Barleria buxifolia Adavimalli (1), Mullagorinta (2)

55 Barleria prionitis Gattu gorimiti (1), Gattu golimiti (3)

56 Barringtonia acutangula Ornipala (2), Kanapa Chettu (3) Bheemari (2)

57 Bauhinia purpurea Deva kanchanum (1)

58 Bauhinia racemosa Reka (2), Kasin Chettu (3) Apinara (1) Are (2, 3) Are (1, 2, 3)

59 Bauhinia tomentosa60 Bauhinia vahlii Aariteega (1)61 Biophytum sensitivum Ttapatti Chettu (3) Nidraganneru (2) Atta pattaaku (2) Atti patti (3)62 Blepharis repens Bankathuttura (1) Bhoomipatrachettu (1)63 Blumea mollis Kukka pogaaku (2, 3)64 Blumea virens Gadamaraku (2)

65 Boerhavia diffusa Ambatimamidi (2), Ambatikada (3)

Atikamamidi (1), Atuka Mamidi (3) Atikamamidi (2)

66 Bombax ceiba Burga (2) Boorugu (2), Burgu (3)67 Borassus flabellifer Taati (1), Anduga (3)68 Boswellia serrata Anduga (2)




SN. Botanical Name


69 Bridelia montana Panchodi (2), Vuligalaga (3) Panchotham (1), Pankshodi (3)

70 Bridelia retusa Nemu (2) Mak maddi (3) Kasmara (2), Tella maddi (3)

71 Buchanania axillaris Yerki (2)72 Buchanania lanzan Arumudu (2) Morli (1), Morri (2) Morli (2), Morri (3)

73 Butea monosperma Moduguboddu (1), Moduga (2) Moduga (3) Motuka (1), Motka (2),

Basantha puvvu, Motuka (3) Motuka (2)

74Butea monosperma var. lutea Tella moduga (2)

75 Byttneria herbacea Adavi janumu (1), Yerra katla tiga (2), Potu chettu (3)

76 Caesalpinia bonduc Achcha (2), Gachaku (3) Rotchaku (1) Gachakaya (3)

77 Calotropis gigantea Jilledu (3) Jilledu (3) Jilledu (2, 3) Jilledu (2, 3)78 Calotropis procera Jilledu (1) Jilledu (1), Errajelledu (2) Tella jilledu (1)79 Canavalia gladiata Adavithamba (1)80 Canthium dicoccum Manga (1) Manga (1), Nallabalusu (2)

81 Canthium parviflorum Alusu (3) Balusu (2) Balsu (1), Bacchu kaya, Balusuru (3)

82 Capparis divaricata83 Capparis horrida Turinga (1) Chirbenda (2)84 Capparis sepiaria Nallauppi (3) Nallupi (3) Nalluppi (1)

85 Capparis zeylanica Aredonda (1), Domma Donda, Ara Donda (2) Thotlateega (1), Aredonda (2) Adonda (1), Aadonda (2)

Meka chegonda (1), Daimukku tiga (2), Adonda (3)

86 Caralluma adscendens Kundeluchevulu (2), Sepaku (1)

87 Caralluma attenuata Moulya (2)

88Cardiospermum halicacabum Ullings, Budpakakara (3) Buddalaaku (2), Patapataalum

(3)

89 Careya arborea Darimi (1) Darimi (1), Darumudu (2, 3)




SN. Botanical Name


90 Carissa spinarum Akchettu (3) Kalivi (1, 3) Kalimi (1, 2)

91 Carmona retusa Apana Uredaku (3)Goguttaku, Kirasanayalacheetu (1), Pichibeera (2)

92 Cassia absus Adavi ulva (1) Lavidi ginjalu (3)93 Cassia angustifolia Suna Mukhi (3)

94 Cassia auriculata Angedu (3) Tangedu (2) Tangedu (1), Thangedu (2), Nelathangedu (3) Tangedu (1), Thangedi (2) Tangedu (2), Tangaedu (3) Nela tangedu (1), Tangedu

(3)

95 Cassia fistula Ellakayalu (2), Relachekka (3) Rella (1, 2) Rela (1), Rala Chekka (2, 3) Rella (1) rela (1, 2) Rela (1, 2, 3)

96 Cassia italica Nela Tangedu (3)

97 Cassia occidentalis Asivinda (3) Kasivinda (2) Kasivinda (2) Kolla dalasari aaku (1) Adavi chennagi (1), Pedda chennagi (2)

Balempali (1), Barretantem, Pedda tantem (2), Pedda tagarisa (3)

98 Cassia tora Antemu (3) Tantem (3) Gundumusara (1) Tailancha (1, 2), Thailanchi (3) Tagarisha (1), Tagarisa (3)

99 Cassine glauca Beera (2) Bhutankusa (1), Neeranda (2) Bhuta yegisha (1), Burdoni (3)

100 Cassytha filiformis Eetamma Talakattu (2)Panchi Chettu (1), Akasavallitheega, Panchi Tiga (3)

Paasi (2) Paachi tiga (2) Poda tiga, Polimeri tiga (2)

101 Catunaregam spinosa Kamiremu (2) Manga (2) Manga (2, 3)

102 Cayratia pedata Adama Teega (2) Bhemidijada (1), Kasturi Benda (2)

Pulla daamala gadda (2), Pulla dama (3)

103 Celastrus paniculatus Jerraku (1), Malleruchettu (3) Jyothismati (3) Lodi chettu (2)

104 Celosia argentea Gunugu (2), Gunaka koora, Batukamma puvvu (3) Gunugu (3)

105 Centella asiatica Vallaraku (1), Vallari (2)106 Ceropegia spiralis Nimmataye (3)107 Ceropegia tuberosa Nasa, Billa (3)

108 Chloroxylon swietenia Billachekka (1), Billakarra (3) Billudu (1) Billa (2) Tella bitluka (2) Billudu (1, 3)

109 Chrozophora rottleri




SN. Botanical Name


110 Cipadessa baccifera Pesangi (1)

111 Cissampelos pareira Nela boddu (2), Nela boddi (3)

112 Cissus glauca113 Cissus quadrangularis Alleru Kada (3) Nalleru (2) Nalleru (1), Nalleru Kada (2) Nalleru (1, 2) Nalleda (1, 2) Nalleru (1)

114 Cissus vitiginea Dam (3) Theegamummadi (2) Kudu dinne (2), Kududinnae (3) Adavi burka (2), Chinna darra (3)

115 Citrullus colocynthis Aga Dondadumpa (2) Darigummadikaya (1), Aadondachekka (2)

Chittipapara (1, 2), Yerri Puchakaya (3)

116 Cleistanthus collinus Disa (2), Odisi Aku (3) Odisa (2) Billa kodisha (2, 3) Kodisha (2, 3)117 Clematis gouriana Gouriteega (3)118 Cleome gynandra Tellavaminta (1, 2) Talati (1)119 Cleome viscosa Ominti (3) Ontu (2) Vaminta (1), Vamintaaku (3) Nallavaminta (2)

120 Clerodendrum inerme Edda Putira (2) Vishamdhari (1, 2), Thakkili, Sirinelli (2)

121 Clerodendrum phlomides Takkalaaku (3)

122 Clerodendrum serratum Gantu bharangi (2), Bommala marri (3)

123 Clitoria ternatea Kutteru, Yedakula thega (2) Chappadi (1)124 Coccinia indica Akara (2) Donda (1), Adavi donda (2)

125 Cocculus hirsutus Dusaraku (1), Doosaraku (2), Dussara Tiga (3) Dusarithega (2) Dussari (1), Dusseru (2),

Dussara (3)

126Cochlospermum religiosum

Konda Buruga (1), Booruga Banka (2) Burugabanka (1) Konda gogu (2, 3) Konda gogu (1)

127 Coldenia procumbens Hamsapadi (1)

128Colebrookea oppositifolia

129 Commelina benghalensis Adavinabhi (2) Nagati saai alum (2), Naga shesha (3) Ganna veddura (2)

130 Corallocarpus epigaeus Akasagaruda (1), Akasagirudi (2)

131 Corchorus olitorius Bakkanti (3), Eriki (1) Nela bankodu (3)




SN. Botanical Name


132 Cordia obliqua133 Costus speciosus Beskha (3)134 Crataeva magna Asarapedda (3)

135 Crinum asiaticum Penja katu gadda (1), Punnam gadda (3) Adavi ulli (1, 2)

136 Crinum defixum Penuerragadda, Chambugadda (1)

137 Crotalaria albida Nappi (2)138 Crotalaria medicaginea Davi Janumu (2)139 Crotalaria pallida140 Croton bonplandianum Gabbu Chettu (3) Nelaamudi (2)

141 Cryptolepis buchananii Pati (3) Pedda guda paala (2), Paala tiga (3)

Raktha paala tiga (1), Paala tiga (2)

142 Cucumis trigonus Udima (3)

143 Curculigo orchioides Elathadi (2) Nelatadi (1,3) Nelathadi (2) Adavithati (1), Adavi thatigaddalu (2) Nela taati (1), Nelataadi (3) Nelatadi gaddalu (1), Nela

tadi (2), Nela taadi (3)144 Curcuma amada Davi Pasupa (2) Adavipasupu (1)

145 Cyanotis tuberosa Eggoligaddalu (1), Cheggubili, Selidiveru (2)

146 Cyperus rotundus Chiru pungerum (3) Tunga (2)147 Dalbergia horrida Nalla tiga (2)148 Dalbergia latifolia Pacchodi, Pacchari (3) Jitragi (1, 3)

149 Dalbergia paniculata Pacharugu (2), Bontha (3) Pacchari (1), Pattoru (2), Soppare, Pachari (3)

150 Dalbergia volubilis Chinna jitragi (2)151 Datura innoxia Tella ummetha (1)152 Datura metel Nalla Ummetta (2) Nalla Ummetha (3) Nallaummetha (1, 2) Nallummetha (2)153 Datura stramonium Ummetha (1) Tellaummetha (1, 2)

154 Decalepis hamiltonii Maredugaddalu (1), Nannari, Sunkesula (2) Maredugaddalu (1, 2)

155 Delonix elata156 Dendrocalamus strictus Veduru (2) veduru (3)157 Dendrophthoe falcata Badanika, Ganuga (1)




SN. Botanical Name


158 Derris scandens Nalla tiga (1, 2, 3) Chakali tiga (3)159 Desmodium gangeticum Alliteega (3)160 Desmodium pulchellum Erraducheri (1)161 Desmodium triquetrum

162 Desmodium velutinum Dayyam jeda (1), Dayyam jada (3)

163 Dichrostachys cinerea Eluthuni (2), Velluru (3) Veluturi (2) Elturu (1), Velturu (2), Velthuru (3) Elturu (1), Veluthuru (2) Velturu (3)

164 Digeria muricata Henchakura (3) Chenchalaku (1) Chenchelaku (2) Pindi koora (2)165 Dillenia pentagyna Miccha chettu (2)

166 Dioscorea bulbifera Kondatamalapaku (2) Nookala gadda, Aada sancha (3)

Nalla chenna gadda (1), Noosca, Adavi pendalum (2)

167 Dioscorea oppositifolia Rikadumpa Teega (3)

168 Dioscorea pentaphylla Pulicheda (1) Eesedigadda (1) Yelleru gadda (1, 2), Eaeleru tiga (3) Nuli dumpa (1)

169 Dioscorea tomentosaTella chennegadda (1), Adavi kiska (2), Chenna gadda (3)

170 Diospyros chloroxylon Illinda (3) Illintha (1), Illinja (3) Illintha (1)171 Diospyros ferrea Palachettu (1)172 Diospyros melanoxylon Tuniki (2, 3)

173 Diospyros montana Allagatha (2), Ghata Chekka (3) Nallagata (2) Linga donda, Muchu tuniki (1),

Muchutuniki (2)174 Diospyros peregrina Tuniki (1), Kiriki (2)175 Diospyros sylvatica Hummica (2)

176 Diplocyclos palmatus Pamudonda (2), Siva donda, Ningi donda, Pamu bunda (3)

177 Dodonaea viscosa Bandaru (1, 2), Banderaku (3) Banderu (1), Bandharu (2) Jaena poda (1), Pulivailu (2, 3)

178Dolichandrone atrovirens Uddi (2) Tellavoddi (2) Oddi (3)

179 Drimia indica Adaulli gaddalu (1), Tella gadda (3)




SN. Botanical Name


180 Eclipta prostrata Katikaku (1) Guntagalijeri (1), Guntaginjaraaku (2)

Kanigaralumu (1), Kanigaralum (2), Aada cheppu tota (3) Garugudu (2)

181 Elephantopus scaber Yenugutamara (1), Usiri (3)

182 Elytraria acaulis Chitakam (3)

Nelamarri (1), Goddalichippaku, Gayapaku (2), Chepa Chettu, Kirikaaku (3)

Yeddu nalika (1), Nela marri (3)

183 Enicostemma axillare Gorimitaku (1), Nelagurimidi (2), Nelagurudu (3)

Nelaguridi (1), Nelagurudu, Arjuna (2)

Reshkha, Tella varjyamu (1), Raeshka (3)

184 Erythrina variegata

185Erythroxylum monogynum Agadam (3) Errabaddu (1) Devadari (1) Devadari (1) Dedadaaru (1), Deva daaru

(2)186 Euphorbia fusiformis Palaku (1), Sepugadda (3) Sepaku (2) Paala gaddalu (3)

187 Euphorbia heterophylla Vayainaaraaya vanavaku (2), Bedhiaaku (3) Saarni koora (2)

188 Euphorbia hirta Achabottu Kada (3) Patchabottu (2) Nanabalu (1) Reddyvarinanabalu (2) Paala chettu (1), Pachabotlalumu (2) Pacha botlu (2)

189 Euphorbia nivulia Boggu jilledu (2)

190 Euphorbia thymifolia Nelaparimalam (1), Payalaku (2)

191 Euphorbia tirucalli Tutikada (3) Pullajimada (1)

192 Euphorbia trigona Lakkapurusha (2), Attimandu (3)

193 Evolvulus alsinoides Ishnukantam (3) Anumaku (2), Vishnu Krantha (3)

Chandrakanthi (1), Vishnukrantham (2)

Vistukantha (1), Vishnukrantha (2), Vishnu krantha, Muthaidaaku (3)

Vishnu krantha (2), Vishnukrantha (3)

194 Evolvulus nummularis Kanne ragi (1)195 Ficus arnottiana196 Ficus benghalensis Marri (1) Marri (2, 3)197 Ficus gibbosa Pittamarri (1,2)198 Ficus hispida Boddachettur (1)199 Ficus microcarpa Chandragiri marri (3) Juvvi (2)




SN. Botanical Name


200 Ficus mollis201 Ficus racemosa Bepibodda (1) Medi (1, 2), Banda medi (3) Medi (3)

202 Ficus religiosa Maddaedama (1), Koda raavi (2), Raavi (3)

203 Flacourtia indica Mudiyedama (2), Kandregu (3)

204 Gardenia gummifera Chitti mitti (3)

205 Gardenia latifolia Karangi (1), Naringam (3) Adavi sapota (1), Kalagaggera (2), Karangi (3)

206 Gardenia resinifera Yerra Bikki (2) Chittimiti (2) Karinga (2), Chinna karangi (3)

207 Garuga pinnata Garugu (1) Garuga (1)208 Geodorum densiflorum Groundorchiti (3) jarka (3)209 Givotia rottleriformis Ponoki (2) Polaka (3)210 Globba bulbifera Adaviallam (3)

211 Gloriosa superba Ottu (3) Chuladumppa (1) Pasala Poligadu (3) Charla kura tiga (3)Deepavali puvvu (1), Deepala puvvu (2), Penjerla poolu (3)

212 Glossocardia bosvallea Adavidavanam, Torakodiathulu (2)

213 Glycosmis mauritiana Olimichettu (3) Emisi (1), Golumi (2)

214 Gmelina arborea Ataricarika (2) Adavigummadi (1), Gummadichettu (3) Pullagummadi (1) Teku gummadi (2),

Gummadi teak (3)

215 Gmelina asiatica Rammapuvvu (2), Chittigummadi (3) Adavigummadi (1) Gummudu, Chudru kaya (1)

216 Grewia hirsuta Aripi (2) Gundu bontha (1) Neyibuddaaku (1), Naeii budda (2), Juvilika (3)

217 Grewia orbiculata218 Grewia polygama Pusanga (3)

219 Grewia villosa Pipali (1), Juvilika, Alumu (3)

220 Gymnema sylvestre Odapatri (2, 3) Podapatri (2) Podapathri (1), Podapatri (2), Podapatri (3) Podapathri (1, 2) Podapatri (2), Teepi tiga,

Podapatri (3) Podapatri (1, 2)




SN. Botanical Name


221 Gyrocarpus americanus Poliki (1)222 Haldina cordifolia Andari, Daddugula (3)223 Hardwickia binata Are (1) Peddeyepi (1)224 Helicteres isora Hamantinara (3) Kokkiti (1), Nemali (2) Gubatadaaku (3) Tada (1, 3) Tada (1, 2), Nuli kaya (3)

225Hemidesmus indicus var. indicus

Edusugandha (2), Palasugandhi (3) Palasugandi (2) Sugandhapala (1), Sugandi

Pala (2, 3)Sugandhapala (1), Chinna sugandhipaala, Gopika (2)

Guda paala (2), Sugandhi paala (3)

Paala tiga (2), Nalla sugandhi (3)

226Hemidesmus indicus var. pubescens Pedda sudandhipaala (2) Vutha tiga (1)

227 Hemigraphis latebrosa228 Hemionitis arifolia Adavigolabi (3)229 Hibiscus aculeatus Nugu benda (2)

230 Holarrhena pubescens Kolamuki (2) Nalla paa kodiasha (2), Paala kodisha (3)

Aakula paala (1), Pala kodisha (2), Istarapala (3)

231 Holoptelea integrifolia Tabisika (3) Nemali naara (1, 2), Bai badangi (3) Nemali chettu (1)

232 Holostemma ada-kodien Palagaddalu (1,2) Palagadda (2) Palapariki (1), Adavi paala (2)

233 Hugonia mystax Ungarala Teega (3) Kakibeera (1)

234Hybanthus enneaspermus Atnapurusa (2, 3) Ratnapurusha (1, 2, 3) Nelachandri (1) Goggi, Ratna purusha (2),

Ratnapurusha (3)

235 Hygrophila schulli Neeu gobbi (1), Neeru gobbi (2), Gotamiti (3)

236Hymenodictyon obovatum

237 Hyptis suaveolens Maha beera (1, 3) Gabbu rotta (2), Picchi rotta (3)

238 Ichnocarpus frutescens Nalla tiga (2), Gudappala (3) Bontha (2, 3)

239 Indigofera aspalathoides Neeli (1), Sivannarayana (2)

240 Indigofera tinctoria Neeli (1), Konda Neeli (2) Neli (3) Neelempali (1), Nelempali (2)

241 Indigofera viscosa




SN. Botanical Name


242 Indoneesiella echioides Donthili (2)

243Indoneesiella longipedunculata

244 Ipomoea carnea Baecharum (3)

245 Ipomoea obscura Gola maddi tiga (1), Gutaguta (2) Narinjaaku (3)

246 Ixora arborea Ponna (1, 2), Gorivi (3) Korri (1), Korru (2, 3)247 Jasminum angustifolium Davi Malli (3)248 Jasminum auriculatum Konda Malli (3) Malle tiga (2), Mudda malle (1)249 Jasminum ritchiei Adavi malli, Kaki dusha (3)250 Jasminum sambac

251 Jatropha curcas Apa (2) Cheemanepalam (2), Chettunepalam (3) Tella Dunnangi (3) Erriandepuchettu (2) Adavi amudam (1), Pedda

amudam (2), Jammadi (3)252 Jatropha gossypifolia Eema Nepala (3) Nepalam (3) Yerra Dunnagi (3) Erramanduga (1)253 Justicia glauca254 Justicia micrantha Addasaram (1)255 Kedrostis rostrata Sandulaku (1, 2)256 Kleinia grandiflora

257 Lagascea mollis Kakivalumu (2), Kaki valum (3)

258 Lagerstroemia parviflora Hennangi (2) Chennangi (3) Chennangi (2), Chennagi (3)

259 Lannea coromandelica Gumpena (1, 2) Gumpena (1, 3) Gumpena (1), Guppidi, Gumpena (2), Dumpedi (3)

260 Lantana camera Jerripothu (1), Pidugugachaku, Kasi (2)

261 Lawsonia inermis Gorinta (2) Maidaaku (1, 2)

262 Leea asiatica Allikura (2) Durra tiga (1), Darra gadda (3)

263 Leea aspera Barredudduga (1)264 Leea indica Illadugu (2)265 Leonotis nepetaefolia Vranabheri (1)




SN. Botanical Name


266 Lepidagathis cristata Ppada Salan (2) Nakkathulasi (1), Nakkapentaku (3)

Karapanithutti (1), Karakathuti (2)

Lankapindi (1), Lanka pindi (2), Nakka pidi, Lanka pindi (3)

Kundelu peeta (1), Pili peeya (3)

267 Leptadenia reticulata Pelusaku (1)268 Leucas aspera Tummi (1) Tummi (1), Thummi (2) Tummi kura (2) Tummi (2)269 Leucas cephalotes Tunmmi koora (1)

270 Limonia acidissima Pelubantu (1) Velaga (1) Moga velaga (1), Velaga (3) Torrelaga (1, 2), Yelaga (3)

271 Limonia crenulata Eesari (2), Adavi Chamanthi (2)

272 Litsea glutinosa Naramamidi (3) Nara mamidi (3)273 Madhuca indica Ippa (2) Ippa (2) Ippa (1, 2) Ippa (1, 2)274 Maerua oblongifolia Buchakragadda (2)

275 Manilkara hexandra Pedda pala (2), Pedda paala (3)

276 Martynia annua Gaddamala (1), Gorrejiddaku (2) Telukondi (2), Telu kondi (3)

277 Maytenus emarginata Otrika (2) Shesakattumanu (3) Danthi (2) Danti (1), Danthi (3) Danti (1, 2, 3)278 Melia azedarach Urakavepa (2) Turka vepa (1)279 Memecylon umbellatum Ulli (1), Alli (2)280 Merremia tridentata Lanja Savaraalu (3) Uddata tiga (1)

281 Miliusa tomentosa Nuluva (2) Duddu maara (2), Dudduga (3)

282 Milletia racemosa Mbada (2)283 Mimosa intsia Alka davada (3) Alka davada (3)

284 Mitragyna parvifolia Rudraganam (1) Battaganike (1), Mundu maara (2), Gunderu (3)

285 Mollugo pentaphylla Karpatakam (3) Mulugu (3)

286 Morinda tinctoria Ogarika, Pathachettu (2), Togara Chekka (3) Jelli, Togari (2)

287 Mucuna pruriens Dulagondi (3) Pativratha (1), Pullileru (2), Prativata (3)

288 Mukia maderaspatana Lingadonda (1) Chedu pulla (2, 3)




SN. Botanical Name


289 Mukia scabrella Kakidonda (2), Pandimukku, Allichettu (3)

290 Murraya koenigii Arivepaku (3)291 Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Karisha (3)

292 Ocimum americanum Kukkathulasi (1) Kukkathulasi (1), Kukkatulasi (2) Adavi tulsi (2), Bhutulsi (3) Kuka tulsi (2), Adavi tulsi (3)

293 Ocimum basilicum Tulasi (3) Bhuthulasi (2) Nalla tulasi (1), Gandu tulasi (3) Uttara jeda (1), Sabja (3)

294 Ocimum gratissimum Laxmitulasi (3) Manchitulasi (2)295 Ocimum tenuiflorum Akshmi Tulasi (3) Tulassaku (3) Tulasi (1), Tulsi (3)

296 Olax scandens Sappirodda (1) Murku nakkera (2), Yelka nakkera (3)

Udatanakkera (1), Korakodu (2)

297 Opilia amentacea Ummari Teega (2)Samateegaveru (1), Pullandaku (2), Pullerugadda (3)

298 Opuntia stricta Nagamalli (2), Nagamallikamba (3)

Nagadandi (1), Pattanagadhari (2)

299 Oroxylum indicum Kotodu chettu (2), Kotodu (3)

300 Oryza rufipogon301 Osmunda regalis Ferna (3)302 Pavetta indica Amudrampala (2) Papidi (2) Narinja (3) Papidi (2)

303 Pavonia zeylanica Yerri Tenkayaaku (3) Nethurubankaku (2) Bankodu (1), Yerri tenkayalu (3)

304 Pedalium murex Enugupalleru (1, 2)

305Pedilanthus tithymaloides Netturugaddaku (1)

306 Pergularia daemia Ala Teega (2), distupu Teega (3) Juttupaku (1), Juttapaku (2, 3) Juttupaku (1, 2) Gutaguta (1) Jutta maara (1)

307 Phoenix humilis Chitteetha (2) Chitteetha (3)308 Phoenix loureirii Ethagaddalu (1)309 Phoenix sylvestris Eatha (1), Eetha (3) Chitteetha (2)310 Phyla nodiflora Bokkenaku (2)




SN. Botanical Name


311 Phyllanthus amarus Ela Vusiri (2) Nelausiri (2,3) Nelausiri (1), Nela Usiri (2) Nelausiri (1, 2) Nelusiri (1, 2) Nelusiri (1, 2)312 Phyllanthus emblica Usiri (1, 2), Usisrikaya (3) Nellikayalu (1, 2) Usiri (1, 2, 3)

313Phyllanthus maderaspatensis Adavinelausiri (2) Peddausiraku (2) Nelusiri (2)

314 Phyllanthus reticulatus Uredi (3)Purudu (1), Vennela Pandiri (2), Nallapurugudu (3)

Nalla pushkera (3) Nallapulcheru (2), Dayyam pulicheru (3)

315 Physalis angulata Buddalalumu (3)

316 Physalis minima Pottibudama (2) Budda kodisha (2) Neyibuddaku (1), Budabuda (2)

317 Physalis peruviana Chirukakara (3)

318 Pistia stratiotes Antharatamara (1), Chitramulam (2)

319 Pithecellobium dulce Seema chintha (3)320 Plumbago zeylanica Yerra Chitra Mulam (3) Chitramulam (1, 2) Chitramoolam (2)

321 Polyalthia cerasoides Chilka dudduga (1), Chilkaduddi (3)

322 Polygala chinensis Gangakandlaku (2)323 Pongamia pinnata Kanuga (1, 2), Ganuga (3)

324Premna latifolia var. viburnoides Salava (1), Navuru (2)

325 Premna tomentosa Naagooru (2) Naguru (1)326 Psidium guajava Jama (2),Jaama (3)

327 Pteris vitata Chimitakam (2), Rasasaradumpa (3)

328 Pterocarpus marsupium Egisa (3) Yegi (2) Yegi (3) Yegisha (1, 2), Yegi (3)329 Pterocarpus santalinus Yerra Chendanam (2) Errachandanam (1)

330Pterospermum heyneanum

Tanuku (2), Budidapapidi (3)

331 Pueraria tuberosa Nugada (1) Nela gummadi (2), Nela gummadi gaddalu (3)

332 Pupalia lappacea Yemarthaku (3) Tuttureni (1) Ganduttareni (1), Dubba tittura (2), Antudu chettu (3)




SN. Botanical Name


333 Randia malabaricaKanthula chettu (1), Kuti mara, Tella mullu chettu (2), Tellelaka (3)

334 Randia uliginosa Gunka chettu (2)335 Rauvolfia serpentina Patalagaridi (3)336 Rauvolfia tetraphylla Palagaridi (3)

337Rhaphidophora decursiva Patcharidumpa (3)

338 Rivea hypocrateriformis Boddi (1), Boddaku (2) Bodditeega (1)339 Rivea ornata Boddi (2), Boddi kura (3)

340 Rostellularia vahlii Elikachevulaku (1), Elikichevulaku (2)

341Sansevieria roxburghiana

Chagalu (3), Sreegandham (2) Adavijaga (2)

342 Santalum album343 Sapindus emarginatus Kunkudu (1) Kunkudu (1) Kunkudu (1) Kunkudu (1)344 Saraca asoca Naramamidi (3)

345 Sarcostemma acidum Pulla Tigalu (3) Goddupullangi theega (1) Pudakachaman (1) Atukudu tiga (1), Autukudu tiga (2)

346 Schleichera oleosa Pusku (1), Pusuku (2, 3), Veeva chettu (2)

347 Schrebera swietenioides Mokkam chettu (3)348 Scilla hyacinthina Palasepugadda (2)349 Securinega leucopyrus Tellapurugudu (2)350 Securinega virosa Tella puskera (3)

351 Semecarpus anacardium Allazeedu (2) Nalla jeedi (3) Nalla jeedi (1), Jeedi (2, 3) Adavi jeedi (1), Nalla jeedi (2), Jeedi (3)

352 Sida acuta Medabirusaku, Atibala, Nagabala (2) Katari mannan (3) Banka koyya (1)

353 Sida cordata Paavani (3)Chitta muta, Bedara (1), Beedara (2), Gadda chettu (3)




SN. Botanical Name


354 Sida cordifolia Elabenda (2) Dusuganneru (1), Nelabenda (3)

355 Smilax zeylanica Palacheetakambaddu (1), Pulichedadumpa (3) Kirrmati (2), Pedda darra (3)

356 Solanum americanum Nalla buddagaasi (1), Mutyala chettu (2)

357 Solanum melongena Ullanga (3)358 Solanum pubescens Usti (2)

359 Solanum virginianum Vakudumolaga (3) Ramamulaka (1, 2), Ramulakkaya (3)

Ramamulaka (1), Ramamolaka (2) Nela mulka (3)

360 Soymida febrifuga Omidi Chekka (3) Soma (2) Somi (2, 3) Somodi (1),Somi (2, 3)

361 Spermacoce articularis Madana Katti (3) Madanalumu (2), Madana katti (3)

Madana gaddi (1), Madanakatti (2), Madankatti (3)

362 Spermacoce hispida Nuvvugada (2), Nelatada (3) Madana katte (2)

363 Spermacoce pusilla364 Spilanthes paniculata Mutyala puvvu (3)

365Stachytarpheta jamaicensis

Distipadu (1), Nalleswari (3) Thalapedinaku (1)

366 Stemona tuberosa Goddu chegondi (1), Girritonda (2)

367 Stephania japonica Karulavachettu (1), Distipadu (3)

368 Sterculia urens Egisa (2) Erra Poliki (1) Poliki (1) Tabsi (2), Kummara poniki (3) Tabasi (1), Pandru, Tavati (2), Tavasi (3)

369Stereospermum suaveolens Barre kalakodi (3)

370 Streblus asper Barini (1) Tella barrinka (1), Barrinka (3) Barrinka (2)

371 Strychnos nux-vomica Usidi, Musidikaya (3) Musti (2), Mustikaya (3) Musti (1) Musti (1, 2)

372 Strychnos potatorum Indipa (1), Musidi (2) Chilla (2), Chilla Ginja (3) Chilla (1) Chilla (1), Iriya, Chilla (2, 3)

373 Syzygium cumini Nerudu (1) Neredu (2,3) Allu neredu (1, 2) Jinna (2), Neredu (3)




SN. Botanical Name


374 Tamarindus indica Chintha (3) Chintha (3)375 Tarenna asiatica Alla Papidi (3) Papidi (2) Kommi (1) Kommi (1, 2)376 Tectona grandis Teak (1, 2, 3)377 Tephrosia maxima Vempali (3)378 Tephrosia purpurea Vempali (2) Vempali (1, 3) Vempali (3) Vempali (1), Tanthem (2, 3)379 Tephrosia villosa Nugempali (3)

380 Terminalia alata Allamaddi (2) Nallamanddi (2) Nalla maddi (2), Nala maddi (3) Nalla maddi (2, 3)

381 Terminalia arjuna Tellachettu (1) Aagu maddi (2), Yeru maddi, Aaku maddi (3) Yeru maddi (2, 3)

382 Terminalia bellirica Anika (2) Tadi (3) Tandra Aku (3) Taani (3) Taani (1), Tani (2), Tandri (3)

383 Terminalia chebula Karakkayulu (1), Karakkaya (3) Karakkayulu (1) Karaka (1, 2, 3) Karaka (2, 3)

384 Thespesia lampas Adavi patti (3)385 Thespesia populnea Gangareni, Pedda Pathi (2)

386 Tiliacora acuminata Usidiki (2), Teega Musidi (3)

387 Tinospora cordifolia Ippa Teega (3) Tippatheega (1), Thippathega (2)

Beal tiga (1), Tippa tiga (2), Bael tiga (3)

388 Toddalia asiatica Mirapagandlaku (1), Mirapagandra (2)

389 Tragia cannabina Hinnakulakonda (3), Durada Gondi (2)

390 Tragia involucrata Hinnakulakonda (3) Doolgunda (2) Nasimtaku (2) Gurram dadyaaku (2) Aggi ravva (1), Durda gondi (3)

391 Trianthema decandra Erraganjeri (2) Tella garja (1)

392Trianthema portulacastrum Naasarasandhyaku (2) yerra garja (3)

393 Tribulus terrestris Alleru (3) Palleru (2) Palleru (3) Chinnapalleru (2) Pedda palleru (1)

394Trichosanthes cucumerina Kaki donda (3)

395 Tridax procumbens Gayapaku (1), Vennapusaku (2) Balapaku (1, 2) Nallalumu (1), Gaayapaaku (2) Gaayapaaku (3)




SN. Botanical Name


396 Triumfetta rhomboidea Kusanga (2), Kusangi (3) Puli adugu (1)

397 Tylophora indica Kondabendda (2) Mekameyyani Aku (2)Mekameyyaniaku (1), Mekameyani aku, Kukkapalaku (2)

Meka meyani aku (1, 2), Mekameyani aku, Nalla pavani (3)

398 Urena lobata399 Urginea indica

400 Vanda tessellata Badanika, Yerra tiga (1), Chettu aakada (2)

401 Vanilla wightii Aneela (2)402 Ventilago denticulata Yerra sunguru (3)403 Ventilago madraspatana Surugudu, Sahadevi (1) Yerra tiga (2)404 Vernonia cinerea Gaja vavili (1)405 Vitex negundo Tella vavili (2), Aaeaili (3)

406 Waltheria indica Dubba tittura (3) Bududa bankodu (1), Pindi rotta (2)

407 Wattakaka volubilis Kalisaku (2) Bandi gurija (1), Bandi gurja (3) Bandi gurija (1, 2), Bandiguruja (3)

408 Withania somnifera Swagandha (3) Pennerugadda (3)

409 Woodfordia fruticosa Korricheda (1), Velamachettu (3) Jagi vailu (3) Jagi (2)

410 Wrightia arborea Theddi paala (1), Pedda pala (2)

411 Wrightia tinctoria Nkudu (3) Ankudu (1, 2) Palabarika (1) Reppala/ Palavareni (1) Tella pala kodisha (2)412 Ximenia americana Nakkera (1, 2, 3) Nakkera (1)413 Ziziphus mauritiana Arimi (3) Reni (2) Pariki (1), Chitti regu (2)414 Ziziphus oenoplia Pariki (1, 3) Pariki (2, 3)

415 Ziziphus xylopyrus Arra Parimi, yendi Barimi, Kondiremu (2) Parimi (1,2) Gotika (1), Gotaka (2), Gotti

(3) Gotti (1) Gotti (2, 3)


AP-CF/Socio-Economic/Table 2

Male Female Total Male Female Total

1 Pesalavandlapalle / Kammavaripalle Cuddapah 125 625 9600 6 1 7 NA NA 8 0 BC

2 Mudhireddypalle BC Cuddapah 69 450 14500 NA NA 61 3 1 4 NA ST (Sugali)

3 Nagaramipalli / Nagasanipalle Cuddapah 246 1004 20000 0 0 0 4 1 5 NA ST (Sugali), SC, BC, OC

4 Nerabylu YP Chittoor 18 183 3000 18 18 36 2 1 3 0 OC, BC, ST, SC

5 Gopalapuram Chittoor 45 177 3000 45 30 75 3 0 3 0 OC, BC, ST, SC

6 Gopalakrishnapuram Chittoor 208 1500 3000 50 30 80 11 2 13 0.1 OC, BC, ST, SC

7 Chandrukunta / Sandrukunta Khammam 30 124 5000 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 ST (Koya)

8 Kalleru Khammam 128 545 4500 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 ST (Koya)

9 Murumooru Khammam 69 270 5000 0 0 0 2 0 2 0 ST (Koya)

10 Kondapur Medak 48 239 4100 0 0 0 NA NA 3 0 OC, BC, ST, SC

11 Akkannapet Medak 850 5950 5000 0 0 0 NA NA 8 0 OC, BC, ST, SC

12 Kanchenpalle Medak 354 357 3000 0 0 0 NA NA 13 0 OC, BC, ST, SC

13 Bornagudem East Godavari 80 312 6000 18 2 20 6 1 7 0 ST (Konda Reddy)

14 Mulagapudi East Godavari 61 6200 5400 2 0 2 2 0 2 5 BC, SC, ST, OC

15 Gummaripalem / Anageru East Godavari 75 286 9000 NA NA 9 NA NA 5 0 SC, ST, BC

16 Garikibanda Visakhapatnam 29 139 6000 14 0 14 4 0 4 0 Reddy, Vadabalija, Kapu

17 M.Thotavalasa Visakhapatnam 17 79 9000 0 0 0 3 0 3 0 Kotiya, Kondadoralu

18 Ginjarti Visakhapatnam 97 410 35000 0 0 0 9 4 13 0SC (Malamadiga), SC (Kammara Manyadora), Koppalavelama

2549 18850 (Mean) 8300 5.1

Avg. family income (Rs./a.)

Total 304 100

Socio-Economic data of 18 VSS sites of Andhra Pradesh

Acrage under

med.plant cultivation

Dominant Ethnic communitiesDistrict

No. of herb collectors No. of traditional healersSN. Name of VSS site

No. of house-holds

Population

FRLHT, Bangalore

Masterlist of medicinal plants AP-CF/Socio-Economic/Table 3

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1 Abrus precatorius * * * * * * * * * 92 Abutilon indicum * * * * 43 Acacia caesia * * 24 Acacia chundra * * * * * * 65 Acacia leucophloea * 16 Acacia nilotica * * 27 Acacia pennata * * * * 48 Acacia torta * * * 39 Acalypha lanceolata * * * * * * * 7

10 Acalypha indica * * 2

11Acanthospermum hispidum * * 2

12 Achyranthes aspera * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 1513 Acorus calamus * 114 Adhatoda vasica * 115 Adiantum incisum * * 216 Aegle marmelos * * * * * * * * * * 1017 Aerva lanata * * * 3

18Ageratina adenophora

* * * 319 Ageratum conyzoides * 120 Ailanthus excelsa * * 221 Alangium salvifolium * * * * * * * 722 Albizia amara * * 223 Albizia lebbeck * * * 324 Allmania nodiflora * * 225 Allophylus cobbe * 126 Aloe vera * * 227 Alstonia venenata * 128 Alternanthera sessilis * * 229 Alysicarpus vaginalis * * 230 Amaranthus spinosus * * * 331 Ammannia baccifera * 1

32Amorphophallus paeoniifolius * 1

33 Ampelocissus latifolia * 1

34Ampelocissus tomentosa * 1

35Andrographis paniculata * * * * * * * * * * * * * 13

36Andrographis serpyllifolia * * 2

37 Anisochilus carnosus * 1

MASTER LIST OF PLANTS USED FOR MEDICINAL PURPOSES

SN. Botanical Name

Medak East Godavari Vizag.Cuddapah Chittoor Khammam

Tota

l

(HUMAN AS WELL AS VET.) ACROSS 18 SAMPLE SITES OF ANDHRA PRADESH

FRLHT, Bangalore


Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Gum

mar

ipale

m /

Anag

eru

M. T

hota

valas

a

SN. Botanical Name


Tota

l

38Anisomeles malabarica * * * 3

39 Annona squamosa * 1

40Anogeissus acuminata

* 141 Anogeissus latifolia * * * * * 542 Aponogeton natans * 143 Argemone mexicana * * * * 444 Argyreia setosa * 1

45Aristolochia bracteolata * * * * 4

46 Aristolochia indica * * * * * * * * 847 Artemisia nilagirica * 148 Asparagus racemosus * * * * * * * * * * 1049 Aspidopterys cordata * 1

50Atylosia scarabaeoides * 1

51 Azadirachta indica * * * * * * * * 852 Azima tetracantha * 153 Balanites aegyptiaca * * * 354 Barleria buxifolia * 155 Barleria prionitis * * * 3

56Barringtonia acutangula * * * 3

57 Bauhinia purpurea * 158 Bauhinia racemosa * * * * * * * * 859 Bauhinia tomentosa * 160 Bauhinia vahlii * 161 * * 262 Blepharis repens * * 263 Blumea mollis * 164 Blumea virens * 165 Boerhavia diffusa * * * * * * 666 Bombax ceiba * * * 367 Borassus flabellifer * 168 Boswellia serrata * * 269 Bridelia montana * * * 370 Bridelia retusa * * * 371 Buchanania axillaris * * * 372 Buchanania lanzan * * * * * 573 Butea monosperma * * * * * * 6

74Butea monosperma var. lutea * 1

75 Byttneria herbacea * * 276 Caesalpinia bonduc * * * 377 Calotropis gigantea * * * * * * 6

FRLHT, Bangalore


Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Gum

mar

ipale

m /

Anag

eru

M. T

hota

valas

a

SN. Botanical Name


Tota

l

78 Calotropis procera * * * * 479 Canavalia gladiata * 180 Canthium dicoccum * * * 3

81Canthium parviflorum

* * * 382 Capparis divaricata * 183 Capparis horrida * 184 Capparis sepiaria * 185 Capparis zeylanica * * * * * * * * * * 10

86Caralluma adscendens

* * 287 Caralluma attenuata * 1

88Cardiospermum halicacabum * 1

89 Careya arborea * * * 390 Carissa spinarum * * * * 491 Carmona retusa * * * * 492 Cassia absus * * 293 Cassia angustifolia * 194 Cassia auriculata * * * * * * * * 895 Cassia fistula * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 1596 Cassia italica * 197 Cassia occidentalis * * * * * * * * * * * * 1298 Cassia tora * * * * * * * * * 999 Cassine glauca * * * * 4

100 Cassytha filiformis * * * * * 5101 Catunaregam spinosa * * * * * 5102 Cayratia pedata * * * * 4103 Celastrus paniculatus * * * 3104 Celosia argentea * * * 3105 Centella asiatica * * 2106 Ceropegia spiralis * 1107 Ceropegia tuberosa * 1108 * * * * * * * * * 9109 Chrozophora rottleri * 1110 Cipadessa baccifera * * 2111 Cissampelos pareira * 1112 Cissus glauca * 1

113Cissus quadrangularis

* * * * * * * * * * 10114 Cissus vitiginea * * * * * 5115 Citrullus colocynthis * * * * * 5116 Cleistanthus collinus * * * * * * * * 8117 Clematis gouriana * 1118 Cleome gynandra * * * * 4119 Cleome viscosa * * * * 4

FRLHT, Bangalore


Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Gum

mar

ipale

m /

Anag

eru

M. T

hota

valas

a

SN. Botanical Name


Tota

l

120 Clerodendrum inerme * * * 3

121Clerodendrum phlomides * * 2

122Clerodendrum serratum * * 2

123 Clitoria ternatea * * 2124 Coccinia indica * * * 3125 Cocculus hirsutus * * * * * 5

126Cochlospermum religiosum * * * 3

127 Coldenia procumbens * 1

128Colebrookea oppositifolia * 1

129Commelina benghalensis * 1

130Corallocarpus epigaeus * * 2

131 Corchorus olitorius * 1132 Cordia obliqua * 1133 Costus speciosus * 1134 Crataeva magna * 1135 Crinum asiaticum * * * 3136 Crinum defixum * 1137 Crotalaria albida * 1

138Crotalaria medicaginea * 1

139 Crotalaria pallida * 1

140Croton bonplandianum * * * 3

141Cryptolepis buchananii * * * * 4

142 Cucumis trigonus * 1143 Curculigo orchioides * * * * * * * * * * * 11144 Curcuma amada * * 2145 Cyanotis tuberosa * * * 3146 Cyperus rotundus * 1147 Dalbergia horrida * 1148 Dalbergia latifolia * * 2149 Dalbergia paniculata * * 2150 Dalbergia volubilis * 1151 Datura innoxia * 1152 Datura metel * * * * 4153 Datura stramonium * * * 3154 Decalepis hamiltonii * * * * * 5155 Delonix elata * 1

FRLHT, Bangalore


Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Gum

mar

ipale

m /

Anag

eru

M. T

hota

valas

a

SN. Botanical Name


Tota

l

156Dendrocalamus strictus * 1

157 Dendrophthoe falcata * 1158 Derris scandens * * * * 4

159Desmodium gangeticum * * 2

160Desmodium pulchellum * 1

161Desmodium triquetrum * 1

162Desmodium velutinum * 1

163Dichrostachys cinerea

* * * * * * * * * 9164 Digeria muricata * * * 3165 Dillenia pentagyna * 1166 Dioscorea bulbifera * * 2

167Dioscorea oppositifolia * 1

168Dioscorea pentaphylla * * * * * 5

169 Dioscorea tomentosa * 1170 * * * 3171 Diospyros ferrea * 1

172Diospyros melanoxylon * * * 3

173 Diospyros montana * * * * * * 6174 Diospyros peregrina * 1175 Diospyros sylvatica * * 2176 Diplocyclos palmatus * * 2177 Dodonaea viscosa * * * * * * * * 8

178Dolichandrone atrovirens * * 2

179 Drimia indica * 1180 Eclipta prostrata * * * * * * * 7181 Elephantopus scaber * 1182 Elytraria acaulis * * * * * * * * 8183 Enicostemma axillare * * * * * * 6184 Erythrina variegata * 1

185Erythroxylum monogynum * * * * * * 6

186 Euphorbia fusiformis * * 2

187Euphorbia heterophylla * * * * 4

188 Euphorbia hirta * * * 3189 Euphorbia nivulia * * * * * 5

FRLHT, Bangalore


Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Gum

mar

ipale

m /

Anag

eru

M. T

hota

valas

a

SN. Botanical Name


Tota

l

190 Euphorbia thymifolia * 1191 Euphorbia tirucalli * * 2192 Euphorbia trigona * * 2193 Evolvulus alsinoides * * * * * * * * * * * 11

194Evolvulus nummularis * 1

195 Ficus arnottiana * 1196 Ficus benghalensis * * * 3197 Ficus gibbosa * 1198 Ficus hispida * * 2199 Ficus microcarpa * 1200 Ficus mollis * 1201 Ficus racemosa * * * * * 5202 Ficus religiosa * 1203 Flacourtia indica * * * 3204 Gardenia gummifera * 1205 Gardenia latifolia * 1206 Gardenia resinifera * * * * 4207 Garuga pinnata * 1

208Geodorum densiflorum * * 2

209 Givotia rottleriformis * * 2210 Globba bulbifera * * 2211 Gloriosa superba * * * * * * * 7

212Glossocardia bosvallea * 1

213 Glycosmis mauritiana * * * * 4214 Gmelina arborea * * * 3215 Gmelina asiatica * * * * * 5216 Grewia hirsuta * * * * * 5217 Grewia orbiculata * 1218 Grewia polygama * 1219 Grewia villosa * 1220 Gymnema sylvestre * * * * * * * * * * * 11

221Gyrocarpus americanus * 1

222 Haldina cordifolia * * 2223 Hardwickia binata * 1224 Helicteres isora * * * * * * 6

225Hemidesmus indicus var. indicus * * * * * * * * * * * * * 13

226Hemidesmus indicus var. pubescens * 1

227Hemigraphis latebrosa * 1

228 Hemionitis arifolia * 1

FRLHT, Bangalore


Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Gum

mar

ipale

m /

Anag

eru

M. T

hota

valas

a

SN. Botanical Name


Tota

l

229 Hibiscus aculeatus * 1

230Holarrhena pubescens

* * * * * * 6

231Holoptelea integrifolia * * * * * 5

232Holostemma ada-kodien * * * * 4

233 Hugonia mystax * * 2

234Hybanthus enneaspermus * * * * * * * 7

235 Hygrophila schulli * * * * * 5

236Hymenodictyon obovatum * 1

237 Hyptis suaveolens * * * 3

238Ichnocarpus frutescens

* 1

239Indigofera aspalathoides * 1

240 Indigofera tinctoria * * * * 4241 Indigofera viscosa * 1

242Indoneesiella echioides * * 2

243Indoneesiella longipedunculata * 1

244 Ipomoea carnea * 1245 Ipomoea obscura * * 2246 Ixora arborea * * 2

247Jasminum angustifolium * * 2

248Jasminum auriculatum * 1

249 Jasminum ritchiei * 1250 Jasminum sambac * 1251 Jatropha curcas * * * * * * * * * 9252 Jatropha gossypifolia * * * * 4253 Justicia glauca * 1254 Justicia micrantha * 1255 Kedrostis rostrata * * 2256 Kleinia grandiflora * * 2257 Lagascea mollis * * * 3

258Lagerstroemia parviflora * 1

259Lannea coromandelica

* * * * * * 6260 Lantana camera * * 2261 Lawsonia inermis * 1

FRLHT, Bangalore


Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Gum

mar

ipale

m /

Anag

eru

M. T

hota

valas

a

SN. Botanical Name


Tota

l

262 Leea asiatica * 1263 Leea aspera * 1264 Leea indica * * 2265 Leonotis nepetaefolia * * * 3266 Lepidagathis cristata * * * * * * * * 8267 Leptadenia reticulata * 1268 Leucas aspera * * * * * * 6269 Leucas cephalotes * 1270 Limonia acidissima * * * * * * 6271 Limonia crenulata * * 2272 Litsea glutinosa * 1273 Madhuca indica * * * * * * * 7274 Maerua oblongifolia * 1275 Manilkara hexandra * * 2276 Martynia annua * * * 3277 Maytenus emarginata * * * * * * * 7278 Melia azedarach * * 2

279Memecylon umbellatum * 1

280 Merremia tridentata * 1281 Miliusa tomentosa * 1282 Milletia racemosa * 1283 Mimosa intsia * * 2284 Mitragyna parvifolia * * 2285 Mollugo pentaphylla * 1286 Morinda tinctoria * * 2287 Mucuna pruriens * * * * 4

288Mukia maderaspatana * * 2

289 Mukia scabrella * * 2290 Murraya koenigii * 1

291Nyctanthes arbor-tristis * * 2

292 Ocimum americanum * * * * 4293 Ocimum basilicum * * * 3294 Ocimum gratissimum * 1295 Ocimum tenuiflorum * * * 3296 Olax scandens * 1297 Opilia amentacea * * * * 4298 Opuntia stricta * * * 3299 Oroxylum indicum * * 2300 Oryza rufipogon * 1301 Osmunda regalis * 1302 Pavetta indica * * * 3303 Pavonia zeylanica * * 2304 Pedalium murex * * 2

FRLHT, Bangalore


Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Gum

mar

ipale

m /

Anag

eru

M. T

hota

valas

a

SN. Botanical Name


Tota

l

305Pedilanthus tithymaloides * 1

306 Pergularia daemia * * * * * * * * * 9307 Phoenix humilis * 1308 Phoenix loureirii * 1309 Phoenix sylvestris * 1310 Phyla nodiflora * 1311 Phyllanthus amarus * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 14312 Phyllanthus emblica * * * * * * * * 8

313Phyllanthus maderaspatensis * * * * * * 6

314Phyllanthus reticulatus * * 2

315 Physalis angulata * 1316 Physalis minima * * 2317 Physalis peruviana * 1318 Pistia stratiotes * 1319 Pithecellobium dulce * 1320 Plumbago zeylanica * * * * * 5321 Polyalthia cerasoides * 1322 Polygala chinensis * 1323 Pongamia pinnata * * * 3

324Premna latifolia var. viburnoides * * * * 4

325 Premna tomentosa * * 2326 Psidium guajava * 1327 Pteris vitata * * 2

328Pterocarpus marsupium * * * * * 5

329Pterocarpus santalinus * * * 3

330Pterospermum heyneanum * 1

331 Pueraria tuberosa * 1332 Pupalia lappacea * * * * 4333 Randia malabarica * * * 3334 Randia uliginosa * * 2335 Rauvolfia serpentina * 1336 Rauvolfia tetraphylla * 1

337Rhaphidophora decursiva * * 2

338Rivea hypocrateriformis * * * * 4

339 Rivea ornata * * 2340 Rostellularia vahlii * * 2

FRLHT, Bangalore


Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Gum

mar

ipale

m /

Anag

eru

M. T

hota

valas

a

SN. Botanical Name


Tota

l

341Sansevieria roxburghiana * * 2

342 Santalum album * 1

343Sapindus emarginatus

* * * * 4344 Saraca asoca * 1345 Sarcostemma acidum * * * * 4346 Schleichera oleosa * * * 3

347Schrebera swietenioides * 1

348 Scilla hyacinthina * * 2

349Securinega leucopyrus

* 1350 Securinega virosa * 1

351Semecarpus anacardium * * * * * * * * * 9

352 Sida acuta * * 2353 Sida cordata * * * 3354 Sida cordifolia * * * * 4355 Smilax zeylanica * * * * * 5356 Solanum americanum * * 2357 Solanum melongena * 1358 Solanum pubescens * 1359 Solanum virginianum * * * * * * * * * 9360 Soymida febrifuga * * * * * * 6

361Spermacoce articularis * * 2

362 Spermacoce hispida * * 2363 Spermacoce pusilla * 1364 Spilanthes paniculata * 1

365Stachytarpheta jamaicensis * * * 3

366 Stemona tuberosa * 1367 Stephania japonica * 1368 Sterculia urens * * * * * 5

369Stereospermum suaveolens * 1

370 Streblus asper * * * 3371 Strychnos nux-vomica * * * * 4372 Strychnos potatorum * * * * * * * * * 9373 Syzygium cumini * * * * * 5374 Tamarindus indica * 1375 Tarenna asiatica * * * * * * * 7376 Tectona grandis * * * 3377 Tephrosia maxima * 1378 Tephrosia purpurea * * * * 4

FRLHT, Bangalore


Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Gum

mar

ipale

m /

Anag

eru

M. T

hota

valas

a

SN. Botanical Name


Tota

l

379 Tephrosia villosa * 1380 Terminalia alata * * * * 4381 Terminalia arjuna * * 2382 Terminalia bellirica * * * * * * 6383 Terminalia chebula * * * * * * * * * 9384 Thespesia lampas * 1385 Thespesia populnea * 1386 Tiliacora acuminata * * * 3387 Tinospora cordifolia * * * * * * * * 8388 Toddalia asiatica * * * 3389 Tragia cannabina * 1390 Tragia involucrata * * * * 4391 Trianthema decandra * * 2

392Trianthema portulacastrum * 1

393 Tribulus terrestris * * * * 4

394Trichosanthes cucumerina * 1

395 Tridax procumbens * * * * * * * * 8

396Triumfetta rhomboidea * * 2

397 Tylophora indica * * * * * * * 7398 Urena lobata * 1399 Urginea indica * 1400 Vanda tessellata * * 2401 Vanilla wightii * 1402 Ventilago denticulata * * 2

403Ventilago madraspatana * * * 3

404 Vernonia cinerea * 1405 Vitex negundo * * * * 4406 Waltheria indica * 1407 Wattakaka volubilis * * * * * * * 7408 Withania somnifera * 1409 Woodfordia fruticosa * * 2410 Wrightia arborea * 1411 Wrightia tinctoria * * * * * * * * 8412 Ximenia americana * * * 3413 Ziziphus mauritiana * * 2414 Ziziphus oenoplia * * * * 4415 Ziziphus xylopyrus * * * * * * * * 8

67 56 18 101 90 47 73 96 103 95 85 74 46 57 73 51 49 58No. of spp. Locally used

FRLHT, Bangalore

Local Trade Data AP-CF/Socio-Economic/Table 4

District

Name of VSS

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Kalle

ru

Muru

moo

ru

Akka

nnap

et

Kanc

henp

alle

Kond

apur

Anag

eru

/ Gu

mm

arip

alem

Born

agud

em

Mulag

apud

i

Garik

iban

da

Ginj

arti

M. T

hota

valas

a

Mudh

iredd

ypall

e BC

Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Gopa

lakris

hnap

uram

Gopa

lapur

am

Nera

bylu

YP

Traded part

1 Acacia sinuata Fruits 5 GCC

2 Aegle marmelos Fruits 6 GCC

3 Andrographis paniculataWhole plant 4 Others

4 Anogeissus latifolia Gum 18-30 Local5 Atylosia cajanifolia Seeds 12 Others

6 Azadirachta indica Bark, seeds 0.3-0.4 4 Others

7 Bauhinia vahli Seeds 12 GCC

8 Butea monosperma Flowers 4 Others

9 Calotropis gigantea Stem bark 4 GCC

10 Cassia fistula Stem bark 0.2 1 2 14 GCC & Others

11 Citrullus colocynthis Fruits 6 Others

12 Cleistanthus collinus Fruits 10 GCC

13 Cochlospermum religiosumGum 30-100 40-100 42-100 GCC & Others

14 Datura stramonium Fruits 6 Others

15 Decalepis hamiltonii Tubers 15 15 6-10 15 GCC

16 Dendrocalamus strictus Young shoots 5 Others

17 Diospyros embryopteris Fruits 1/100 leaves 2 GCC & Others

18 Euphorbia trigona Stem 40 Others

19 Gloriosa superba Flowers 3-5/No. For pooja

20 Gymnema sylvestre Leaves 6 15 GCC

21 Hemidesmus indicus Root 8 Others

22 Holostemma ada-kodienTubers 60 75 80-120 100 GCC

23 Ichnocarpus frutescens Stem, Seeds 3 GCC

Local Trade Data

Khammam Medak East Godhavari Vizag. Cuddapah Chittoor

Traders

Price / Kg. (Rupees)

SN. Botanical Name

FRLHT, Bangalore

Local Trade Data AP-CF/Socio-Economic/Table 4

District

Name of VSS

Chan

druk

unta

(S

andr

ukun

ta)

Kalle

ru

Muru

moo

ru

Akka

nnap

et

Kanc

henp

alle

Kond

apur

Anag

eru

/ Gu

mm

arip

alem

Born

agud

em

Mulag

apud

i

Garik

iban

da

Ginj

arti

M. T

hota

valas

a

Mudh

iredd

ypall

e BC

Naga

ram

ipall

i (N

agas

anip

alle)

Pesa

lavan

dlap

alle /

Ka

mm

avar

ipall

e

Gopa

lakris

hnap

uram

Gopa

lapur

am

Nera

bylu

YP

Traded part

Khammam Medak East Godhavari Vizag. Cuddapah Chittoor

Traders

Price / Kg. (Rupees)

SN. Botanical Name

24 Limonia acidissima Fruits 0.5 60/bag Others

25 Olax scandens Stem bark, fruits 1.5 GCC

26 Phyllanthus emblica Fruits 5 12 4 2.5 3.6 5 4 3-5 6 20 GCC & Others

27 Polyalthia cerasoides Stem bark 4 5 5-10 GCC & Others

28 Pongamia pinnata Fruits 1 3 2 4 GCC

29 Pterocarpus marsupium Bark * 100/bag Others

30 Rauvolfia tetraphylla Root 30 GCC

31 Sapindus emarginatus Fruits 9 8 8 GCC

32 Semicarpus anacardium Fruits 2 60-120 4 GCC & Others

33 Sterculia urens Gum 50-150 * 40 18 100 60-125 80-120 60-125 GCC & Others

34 Strychnos nux-vomica Seeds & Bark 2 3 6 5 4 GCC & Others

35 Strychnos potatorum Seeds 3.5 6 4 30 * 8 5 GCC & Others

36 Tamarindus indica Fruits 10 3 5 6 GCC

37 Terminalia alata Bark * Local

38 Terminalia bellirica Fruits 4 * GCC

39 Terminalia chebula Fruits 1-2 4 7 7.5 6 6 5 3 GCC & Others

40 Thysanolaena maxima Whole plant 10/bundle GCC

41 Tinospora cordifolia Stems 3 Others

42 Wrightia tinctoria Bark * Local

43 Zingiber roseum Rhizome 20 GCC

Total no. of spp. 0 0 0 4 2 0 11 13 11 8 13 10 7 6 0 7 5 8* Information on price and/or qty. not availableNote : In Chandrukunta VSS of Khammam district, 16 species were traded in the past. But presently not in trade.

FRLHT, Bangalore

AP-CF/VSS/Socio Economic-PRA/ Final

KammavariPalliCriteria For Selection

Medicinal plant diversity is seen in the hills of Pothala Konda. But no Vana Samrakshana Samiti isinvolved in the collection of forest products. Sunamukhi plant is available in plenty in this area.

VSS PROFILE

1 Name of the VSS where PRAconducted

Kammavaripalli

2 Name of Hamlet Kammavaripalli3 Taluk / Mandal Chinthakommadinne Mandal4 District Cuddapah5 No. of Families 1256 No. of members of family (Average) 57 Average monthly income of majority

of familiesRs 800-850

8 Average monthly expenditure onhealth treatment incurred bymajority of families

Middle Class 20%Poor 35%Very Poor 40%

9 Majority belong to Backward Castes10 Majority belong to Very Poor11 Name of the Beat / Section Gorlapalli12 Range Vempalli13 Division Cuddapah14 Circle Kurnool15 No. of VSS members 209 (Male 105 and Female 104)16 Compartment No. 55817 Number of collectors (the collectors

are there only when they are inneed / demand

Male : 6, Female : 1

18 Participants VSS members fromKammavaripalli,

VSS members / healers Pesalavandlapalli, K. Obulampalli.Tippireddypalli, RajulollpaalliHealers – surrounding areas

NGO CHRD, Cuddapah1. MB Subramanyam Reddy2. J. Suresh Sahayam3. P. Jagan Mohan

Botanist 4. Narasimha Reddy, FRLHT5. C.R.Jawahar, FRLHT

Programme Co-ordinator G. Satya Srinivas

AP-CF/PRA Data/Final

PLANNING

Participants perception in future planning of forest conserveration

Problem Reason forforestdegradation

Solution Programmes Responsibility Place Season Sharing ofExpenditure

The followingspecies havedisappeared1.Red sandal2.Revalchinni3.Devasurupi4.Puliadugu

Forest fire,Uprooting ofspecies bypeople

Creation ofawarenessamong thevillagers,Identifyingthe personsresponsible,Protection

Fire wallsconstruction /fire lines,Meetings /rallies, Firecontrolmethods

Forest Dept.,VSS members,NGOs, VSSmembers

Forest area(RF),VSS, VSSsurrounding villages,VSS area

Jan-MayJan-DecDec-Jan

Forest Dept& Membersof VSS

The decreasingavailability offollowingspecies1.Tellagilledu2.Eriki3.Nelamamidi

Grazing Control ofgrazing,Gapplanting,Protection

Watch &ward, Socialfencing, Seedsowing,Separateplots forgrazing

VSS members,Forest Dept.,Forest / VSS

VSS area,VSS area,Unreserved reserveforest,VSS area

Jan-DecAug-NovAug-May

Members ofForest DeptVSS

Problem ofdrought

Lack ofrains

Advanceoperations formoisturedevelopment

SMC work Forest Dept /VSS

VSS area,RF area

Feb-May

Members ofForest Dept,VSS 25%

AP-CF/PRA Data/FinalProblem Reason for

forestdegradation

Solution Programmes Responsibility Place Season Sharing ofExpenditure

Cutting oftrees in theforest area

1.Poverty2.Famine /Droughtcondition3.Firewood

1.Employment creation2.Identification of cutters3.Alternativesources likeLPGconnections

Involvementof morevillagesunder VSS,Linkages ofpovertyalleviation,Short-termbenefits fromVSSmembersfrom forestarea.

Forest Dept,Forest Dept. &NGO,Department &VSS members

Allotmentof somemore areain RF forconservation

Feb-June

---

Marketing Lack ofknowledgeaboutmarketingand value ofspecies

Training andexposure

Identify theinterestedVSSmembers topromote MPcultivation

NGO, ForestDept.

OutsideVSS areas

--- VSS / FD50% / 50%

Others -Festivals(Jathara)resulting infire

Carelessnessof pilgrims

Penalty onaccused

Propagandathrough wallwritings,distributionof pamphlets,slogans,erection ofsign board,etc.

VSS, ForestDept.

--- Jan-Mar

Sramadan20%FD 80%

Annexure 1

List of 6 local NGO's who participated in the PRA Exercise

1. Center for Human Resource Development (CHRD),2/287, Balaji Nagar, Chemmumiapet,Cuddapah - 516 003

2. Spandana Cultural Organisation for Progressive Education (SCOPE),# 1-9-18/G, St. No. 8,Ravindranagar Colony, Habsiguda,Hyderabad

3. Socio-economic & Cultural Upliftment in Rural Development (SECURE),# 8-25, Battaigudem,Palvancha - 507 115

4. Sarada Valley Development Samithi (SVDS),Thummapala, Anakapalle Mandal,Vishakapatnam Dt. - 531 032

5. SAHAJEEVAN,#3-62/1, LBS Road,Piler, Chittoor Dt. - 517 214

6. SUJANA,Opp. Lorry Union Office,Yeleshwaram,East Godavari - 533 429

04. socio economic

Documents