Semester Review

• Evaluate the impact of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 on democratic participation.– It succeeded allowing more citizens to vote

• President William Howard Taft developed the Dollar Diplomacy policy to support what?– U.S. businesses investing in Latin America

• Summarize the view of nativist groups at the end of the 19th century– Immigrants should be kept out of the U.S.

• The rulings of the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson and Korematsu v. U.S. demonstrate that the Supreme Court felt how about minorities– Failed to protect the rights of minorities

• The policy objectives of Reaganomics were based on the theory of doing what?– Broad tax cuts and financial deregulation

• During the 1920s, much of the debt accumulated by consumers was due to what– Installment buying of manufactured goods

• The 1920s concept that enhanced American culture by popularizing African American contributions to the arts was known as what– Harlem Renaissance

• How did the fear of communism during the 1950s affect the U.S.?– Government supported rise of independence

movements in SE Asia

• The primary reason the U.S. became involved in the Korean Conflict was to what?– Prevent communism from spreading to South

Korea

• The settlement house movement led by Jane Addams drew attention to the needs of who?– Urban poor

• Summarize the aim of the Chinese Exclusion Act– Make sure Chinese immigrants did not become

U.S. citizens

• What type of events has caused the U.S. government to restrict freedom of speech?– Foreign wars

• Describe the 1950s U.S. policy of brinkmanship– Using the threat of nuclear war to prevent the

spread of communism

• What was the similarity between the Red Scare following WWI and the Cold War following WWII– Fear of communism led to the suppression of civil

liberties of some Americans

• What political trend characterized the era of McCarthyism?– False accusation of communism as a weapon

against political opponents

• Why was the U.S. unable to enter WWII until the bombing of Pearl Harbor?– Congress refused to support a war

• The economic boom and the financial speculation of the 1920s were caused in part by what?– Installment buying and unregulated stock market

• Why did President Truman decide to use the atomic bomb near the end of WWII?– Truman wanted to save the lives of U.S. soldiers

• Summarize the constitutional issues raised by the Iran-Contra affair.– Executive branch made agreements with foreign

powers without knowledge of Congress

• Which economic policy did President FDR use to respond to the Great Depression?– Deficit spending

• President Reagan used the concept of supply-side economics when he proposed doing what?– Reducing income taxes to stimulate growth

• What action was the major foreign policy achievement of President Jimmy Carter?– Camp David Accords

• The Neutrality Acts of the 1930s reflect the efforts of Congress to do what?– Avoid foreign policy mistakes that led to WWI

• What action was a major foreign policy achievement of President Carter in the Camp David Accords?– Providing a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel

• What was the primary reason for U.S. involvement in East Asia during the early 1950s?– North Korean attempts to unify the peninsula

challenged the U.S. policy of containment

• Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois disagreed on desegregation. During the 1950s, a similar difference emerged between which 2 people?– Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X

• The term “robber baron” described big business owners primarily because they did what?– Eliminated competition by ruthless methods

• Why did large numbers of African Americans migrate North during the Great Migration?– Southern Jim Crow laws restricted job

opportunities

• Summarize the similarity between the 15th Amendment and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.– Suffrage cannot be denied on the basis of race

• After many New Deal programs were declared unconstitutional, how did FDR try to influence the Supreme Court?– By trying to increase the number of Supreme Court

justices

• Describe what yellow journalism is?– exaggerated and dramatic headlines (ex. “Spanish

Troops Slaughter Innocent Cuban Citizens”)

• What international precedent did the Nuremberg War Crime trials establish?– Individuals may be tried for crimes against

humanity

• How did President Truman’s decision to desegregate the military affect African Americans?– It highlighted racial discrimination outside the

military

• Initiative, referendum, and recall elections were supported by Progressives as ways to what?– Increase citizen participation

• During the 1920s, which Universal Negro Improvement Association leader encouraged a return to Africa?– Marcus Garvey

• Describe the cause for U.S. military involvement in the Persian Gulf in 1990-1991– Iraq military had seized control of Kuwait

• The investigation into the attempted burglary at the Watergate Hotel resulted in what?– Resignation of the President

• Poll taxes, literacy tests, and actions of the KKK were all attempts to limit the effectiveness of what?– 14th and 15th Amendments

• The policy of assimilating Native Americans under the Dawes Act was reversed by 20th century legislation that did what?– Gave Native Americans greater control over their

own reservations

• The main goal of Richard Nixon’s policy of détente was to what?– Reduce tensions between the U.S. and Soviet

Union

• Why did people in the Great Depression call their temporary settlement communities “Hoovervilles”?– They blamed President Hoover for the depression

• What was the goal of the freedom riders?– Test a Supreme Court decision banning segregated

seating on busses

• President Kennedy’s demand to the USSR to remove land-based nuclear missiles from the Western Hemisphere was what event? – Cuban Missile Crisis

• Balancing individual rights and freedoms with the need for national security has been one of the biggest challenges created by what?– International terrorism

• What factors contributed to the 1929 stock market crash?– Overspeculation, overproduction of agricultural

goods, installment buying

• After September 11th, how did US foreign policy change?– Administration authorized strikes against nations

sponsoring terrorism

• In Korematsu v. US, the Supreme Court upheld the exclusion of Japanese Americans from the West Coast on the basis of what?– National security

• What event was the direct cause of U.S. involvement in the Persian Gulf War?– Iraq invaded Kuwait

• Summarize why worldwide reactions to U.S. involvement in Vietnam grew increasingly hostile during the 1960s-1970s.– U.S. was viewed as an aggressor nation invading

an underdeveloped nation

• How did press coverage of events during Vietnam affect the U.S.?– Reporting on military setbacks contributed to

public disillusionment with the war