sect. 1 – early colonies have mixed success. the english plan colonies colonies would provide a...
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Sect. 1 – Early Colonies Have Sect. 1 – Early Colonies Have Mixed SuccessMixed Success
The English Plan ColoniesThe English Plan Colonies Colonies would provide a market for English exportsColonies would provide a market for English exports Source or raw materialSource or raw material Increase tradeIncrease trade Build up gold supplyBuild up gold supply Mercantilism – state controls trade and attempts to Mercantilism – state controls trade and attempts to
transfer wealth from colonies to parent countrytransfer wealth from colonies to parent country Reasons for going to AmericaReasons for going to America
Lack of economic opportunity in EnglandLack of economic opportunity in England Gold minesGold mines
Religious persecutionReligious persecution
Financing a ColonyFinancing a Colony Joint-Stock CompanyJoint-Stock Company
Backed by investors – people put money in to earn profitsBacked by investors – people put money in to earn profits Investor got sharesInvestor got shares Split any profitsSplit any profits Divided any lossesDivided any losses
Virginia Company of London, Virginia Company of Virginia Company of London, Virginia Company of Plymouth, (later Massachusetts Bay Company and Dutch West Plymouth, (later Massachusetts Bay Company and Dutch West Indies Company)Indies Company)
CharterCharter Written contractWritten contract Issued by governmentIssued by government Gave the holder right to establish colonyGave the holder right to establish colony
Who – Who were among the settlers at Who – Who were among the settlers at Sagadahoc?Sagadahoc? ConvictsConvicts
Who was their leader?Who was their leader? George PophamGeorge Popham
What happened to the colonists at Roanoke?What happened to the colonists at Roanoke? Cut off from food supply by Native Americans – sent back Cut off from food supply by Native Americans – sent back
to Englandto England What happened to the colony at Sagadahoc?What happened to the colony at Sagadahoc?
Arguments, harsh winter, fights with Native Americans, Arguments, harsh winter, fights with Native Americans, food shortages, forced to return to Englandfood shortages, forced to return to England
What was the House of Burgesses?What was the House of Burgesses? Elected representatives that would meet once a year Elected representatives that would meet once a year
– first representative assembly in American – first representative assembly in American ColoniesColonies
What was Bacon’s Rebellion?What was Bacon’s Rebellion? Marched into Jamestown, took control of House of Marched into Jamestown, took control of House of
Burgesses and burned Jamestown to the ground.Burgesses and burned Jamestown to the ground. When was Jamestown settled?When was Jamestown settled?
16071607 When did the starving time end?When did the starving time end?
Starving time ended in 1610Starving time ended in 1610
Why did the settlers go to Jamestown?Why did the settlers go to Jamestown? Make money, find gold, new life, greater opportunitiesMake money, find gold, new life, greater opportunities
Why didn’t the settlers get along with their Why didn’t the settlers get along with their neighbors?neighbors? Because they wanted more and more of their landBecause they wanted more and more of their land
Why did Jamestown nearly fail?Why did Jamestown nearly fail? Disease, unwilling to work, more interested in gold than Disease, unwilling to work, more interested in gold than
workwork Why did Bacon’s rebellion occur?Why did Bacon’s rebellion occur?
Opposed William BerkeleyOpposed William Berkeley High taxesHigh taxes Favoritism toward large plantation ownersFavoritism toward large plantation owners Bacon wanted war with Native Americans to seize land for Bacon wanted war with Native Americans to seize land for
tobaccotobacco
Where was Roanoke?Where was Roanoke? Island off of North CarolinaIsland off of North Carolina
Where was Sagadahoc?Where was Sagadahoc? Maine – mouth of Kennebec RiverMaine – mouth of Kennebec River
Where was Jamestown?Where was Jamestown? In Virginia, on a small peninsula on James RiverIn Virginia, on a small peninsula on James River
How was Jamestown saved from failure?How was Jamestown saved from failure? John Smith took over and forced colonists to work John Smith took over and forced colonists to work
– tobacco provided money to build the colony.– tobacco provided money to build the colony.
Sect. 2 – New England ColoniesSect. 2 – New England Colonies
Causes of ConflictCauses of Conflict Result of ConflictResult of Conflict
King James vs. King James vs. PilgrimsPilgrims
Pilgrims a Pilgrims a separatist group. separatist group. King attacked King attacked them for rejecting them for rejecting England’s Official England’s Official church.church.
Fled to Holland Fled to Holland first. Approached first. Approached Virginia Comp. To Virginia Comp. To arrange to settle in arrange to settle in AmericaAmerica
Puritans vs. Puritans vs. Church of Church of EnglandEngland
Religious beliefs Religious beliefs Wanted church of Wanted church of England to England to “purify” its “purify” its practicespractices
Bad treatment by Bad treatment by King. Left England King. Left England to form colonies in to form colonies in America .Great America .Great MigrationMigration
Causes of Causes of ConflictConflict
Result of Result of ConflictConflict
Puritan leaders Puritan leaders vs. Roger vs. Roger WilliamsWilliams
Opposed forced Opposed forced attendance at attendance at church. Opposed church. Opposed taking Native taking Native lands by forcelands by force
Left and started Left and started Rhode IslandRhode Island
Puritan leaders Puritan leaders vs. Anne vs. Anne HutchinsonHutchinson
Believed person Believed person could worship could worship God without help God without help of church, of church, minister or Bibleminister or Bible
Banished and fled Banished and fled to Rhode Islandto Rhode Island
Causes of Causes of ConflictConflict
Result of ConflictResult of Conflict
Quakers vs. Quakers vs. Massachusetts Massachusetts CommonwealthCommonwealth
Believed that Believed that each person could each person could know God know God directly through directly through an inner light – an inner light – no minister or no minister or bible needed. bible needed. Treat Native Treat Native Americans fairlyAmericans fairly
Called Quakers. Called Quakers. Whipped, Whipped, imprisoned or imprisoned or hung. .Left for hung. .Left for Rhode IslandRhode Island
Causes of Causes of ConflictConflict
Result of Result of ConflictConflict
King Philip’s King Philip’s WarWar
Americans – land Americans – land belonged to belonged to person or group. person or group. Native Americans Native Americans – land belonged – land belonged to everyone. to everyone. Religion.Religion.
Increased Increased population of population of EuropeansEuropeans
Colonial victory. Colonial victory. Destruction of 12 Destruction of 12 colonial villages-colonial villages-600 military -600 military -3000 Native 3000 Native Americans killed.Americans killed.
King Philip King Philip killed500 Native killed500 Native Americans Americans enslavedenslaved
Causes of Causes of ConflictConflict
Result of Result of ConflictConflict
Salem Salem Witchcraft Witchcraft TrialsTrials
Younger Younger generations – generations – different religious different religious view than that of view than that of parents. False parents. False accusations. accusations. Witch huntsWitch hunts
Arrests, trials and Arrests, trials and execution for execution for witchcraft.witchcraft.
What was the Mayflower Compact?What was the Mayflower Compact?
Vowed to obey laws agreed upon for Vowed to obey laws agreed upon for the good of the colonythe good of the colony
Helped establish the idea of self-Helped establish the idea of self-government and majority rulegovernment and majority rule
PILGRIMS LANDPILGRIMS LAND
How did Squanto and Samoset help the How did Squanto and Samoset help the Pilgrims?Pilgrims? Interpreter between Pilgrims and Chief Interpreter between Pilgrims and Chief
MassasoitMassasoit Negotiated a peace treatyNegotiated a peace treaty Showed them how to plant, hunt and fishShowed them how to plant, hunt and fish
Describe the First Thanksgiving.Describe the First Thanksgiving. Three day feastThree day feast Represented the peace that existed at the Represented the peace that existed at the
time between Native Americans and time between Native Americans and PilgrimsPilgrims
What was the New England Way?What was the New England Way? Congregation – group of people who belonged to the Congregation – group of people who belonged to the
same churchsame church Set up own townSet up own town
Meeting houseMeeting house Most important buildingMost important building Gathered for town meetingsGathered for town meetings
A form of self governmentA form of self government Made laws and other decisions for the Made laws and other decisions for the
communitycommunity Only male church members could vote or Only male church members could vote or
hold officehold office
By law all had to attend church servicesBy law all had to attend church services Sermon provided instruction in New England Sermon provided instruction in New England
WayWay Emphasized duty, godliness, hard work and Emphasized duty, godliness, hard work and
honestyhonesty Dancing and playing games would lead to Dancing and playing games would lead to
lazinesslaziness God requires them to work long and hard at God requires them to work long and hard at
their vocationtheir vocation Work ethic contributed to rapid growth and Work ethic contributed to rapid growth and
success of New England Coloniessuccess of New England Colonies Depended on Education – laws required that all Depended on Education – laws required that all
children be able to readchildren be able to read
Who founded Connecticut?Who founded Connecticut? Thomas HookerThomas Hooker
What is the Fundamental Orders of What is the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?Connecticut?
A constitutionA constitution Extended voting rights to non-church Extended voting rights to non-church
membersmembers Limited the power of the governorLimited the power of the governor Expanded the idea of representative Expanded the idea of representative
government government
Describe the Beginning of New Describe the Beginning of New Hampshire?Hampshire?
Village near PortsmouthVillage near Portsmouth John Wheelwright – town of ExeterJohn Wheelwright – town of Exeter Exeter Compact – based on Mayflower Exeter Compact – based on Mayflower
CompactCompact
FOUNDING THE MIDDLE AND FOUNDING THE MIDDLE AND SOUTHERN COLONIESSOUTHERN COLONIES
What attracted Catholics, Quakers and Jews What attracted Catholics, Quakers and Jews to these colonies?to these colonies? Religious freedomReligious freedom
What economic activities were important in What economic activities were important in the Middle Colonies?the Middle Colonies? Hudson and Delaware river supported shipping Hudson and Delaware river supported shipping
and commerceand commerce River valleys had rich soil and mild wintersRiver valleys had rich soil and mild winters Conditions favorable for farming and raising Conditions favorable for farming and raising
livestocklivestock
What area did New Netherland include?What area did New Netherland include? Included Hudson river Valley, Long Island, land along Included Hudson river Valley, Long Island, land along
Delaware riverDelaware river
Explain the Patroon system. How did help Explain the Patroon system. How did help attract settlers to New Netherland?attract settlers to New Netherland? Patroon systemPatroon system
Person brought 50 settlersPerson brought 50 settlers Reward – patron received large land grantReward – patron received large land grant Special privileges in hunting, fishing and fur Special privileges in hunting, fishing and fur
trading on landtrading on land Jews, Africans as slaves, indentured servants Jews, Africans as slaves, indentured servants
and Puritansand Puritans
How did the English acquire New How did the English acquire New Netherland?Netherland? Peter Stuyvesant – governorPeter Stuyvesant – governor
Attacked New SwedenAttacked New Sweden New Sweden surrenderedNew Sweden surrendered
Explain how the Duke of York became owners Explain how the Duke of York became owners of New York?of New York?
King Charles II wanted Duke to drive Dutch out King Charles II wanted Duke to drive Dutch out of Netherlandof Netherland
Dutch a threat to England’s tradeDutch a threat to England’s trade Threat because of expanding settlements and Threat because of expanding settlements and
locationlocation When Duke’s ships appeared off New When Duke’s ships appeared off New
Amsterdam the colony surrenderedAmsterdam the colony surrendered Became a proprietary colony of New YorkBecame a proprietary colony of New York Duke was ownerDuke was owner
How did the province of New Jersey How did the province of New Jersey come about?come about? Duke of York gave province of New Jersey Duke of York gave province of New Jersey
to George Carteret and Lord John Berkeleyto George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley How did the owners of the New Jersey How did the owners of the New Jersey
colony attract settlers?colony attract settlers? Promised freedom of religionPromised freedom of religion Large grants of landLarge grants of land Representative assemblyRepresentative assembly
How did Wm. Penn receive the land How did Wm. Penn receive the land called Pennsylvania?called Pennsylvania?
Joined the QuakersJoined the QuakersAttacked for his beliefsAttacked for his beliefsKing Charles gave him large piece of King Charles gave him large piece of
land in America in partial payment to land in America in partial payment to his familyhis family
Called Pennsylvania – Means “Penns Called Pennsylvania – Means “Penns Woods”Woods”
Created a colony for QuakersCreated a colony for Quakers
How did Penn’s religious beliefs affect How did Penn’s religious beliefs affect the way he governed Pennsylvania?the way he governed Pennsylvania? QuakersQuakers
All people should live in peace and All people should live in peace and harmonyharmony
Welcomed different religions and ethnic Welcomed different religions and ethnic groupsgroups
Wanted Native Americans to be treated Wanted Native Americans to be treated fairlyfairly
Policies made Pennsylvania one of the Policies made Pennsylvania one of the wealthiest of American Colonieswealthiest of American Colonies
How did Delaware come about?How did Delaware come about?
Granted three lower counties of Delaware Granted three lower counties of Delaware their own Assembly – became Delawaretheir own Assembly – became Delaware
What attracted settlers to the Southern What attracted settlers to the Southern Colonies?Colonies?
Maryland, Carolinas and GeorgiaMaryland, Carolinas and Georgia Soil and climate suitable for crops such Soil and climate suitable for crops such
as tobacco, rice and indigoas tobacco, rice and indigo
Why did Lord Baltimore establish Why did Lord Baltimore establish Maryland?Maryland?
For Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in For Roman Catholics fleeing persecution in EnglandEngland
Promised religious freedom to attract more settlersPromised religious freedom to attract more settlers Passed Toleration ActPassed Toleration Act
What was Maryland’s economy What was Maryland’s economy based on?based on?
Economy based on tobaccoEconomy based on tobacco Used up the landUsed up the land Had to clear new land every 3-4 yearsHad to clear new land every 3-4 years Laborers came as servants or slavesLaborers came as servants or slaves Few women as settlersFew women as settlers
Who were the first settlers to Carolina Who were the first settlers to Carolina and how did they live?and how did they live?
Early settlers build Charles Town – Early settlers build Charles Town – CharlestonCharleston
Cut timber, raised cattle and traded with Cut timber, raised cattle and traded with Native AmericansNative Americans
Refuge for Huguenots (French Protestants) Refuge for Huguenots (French Protestants) seeking religious freedomseeking religious freedom
What changed the economy of What changed the economy of Carolina and how did this lead to the Carolina and how did this lead to the
beginning of slavery?beginning of slavery? Needed laborers to grow rice and indigoNeeded laborers to grow rice and indigo Encouraged to used enslaved AfricansEncouraged to used enslaved Africans Sold Native Americans into slaverySold Native Americans into slavery Battle between settlers and Native Battle between settlers and Native
Americans over Indian slaves and taking Americans over Indian slaves and taking of landof land
In what way did Carolina change after In what way did Carolina change after it became a royal colony?it became a royal colony?
Battle between settlers and Native Battle between settlers and Native Americans over Indian slaves and taking Americans over Indian slaves and taking of landof land
No help from owners so they overthrew No help from owners so they overthrew the rulethe rule
Became Royal Colony – governor Became Royal Colony – governor appointed by Kingappointed by King
Divided into North and South CarolinaDivided into North and South Carolina
Why did James Oglethorpe found Georgia?Why did James Oglethorpe found Georgia? Refuge for debtorsRefuge for debtors
How did the English government intent to use the How did the English government intent to use the Georgia colony?Georgia colony? English governor wanted a military outpost against English governor wanted a military outpost against
Spanish Florida and French LouisianaSpanish Florida and French Louisiana Spanish tried to force English out but unsuccessfulSpanish tried to force English out but unsuccessful
Who settled in Georgia?Who settled in Georgia? English, German, Swiss and ScottishEnglish, German, Swiss and Scottish All religions welcomeAll religions welcome
Why did Oglethorpe lose control and what Why did Oglethorpe lose control and what happened to the colony?happened to the colony? Oglethorpe set strict rules that upset colonistsOglethorpe set strict rules that upset colonists King made a royal colony King made a royal colony
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