The Southern Colonies

The Original Thirteen Colonies

Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies

Virginia, North Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, South Carolina, and Carolina, and Georgia the Georgia the Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies

Colony of VirginiaColony of Virginia Virginia host the claim of being the Virginia host the claim of being the

first colony in the New Worldfirst colony in the New World– Jamestown in Va, some 40 miles up the Jamestown in Va, some 40 miles up the

James RiverJames River– Founded by Capt John Smith and the Founded by Capt John Smith and the

London CompanyLondon Company– Most of the original colonist were not Most of the original colonist were not

prepared prepared They were not farmers they were merchantsThey were not farmers they were merchants In England the merchants would not have In England the merchants would not have

been expected to help out so in the New been expected to help out so in the New World they carried over their class structure World they carried over their class structure and refusedand refused

2/3rds of the inhabitants died first winter2/3rds of the inhabitants died first winter

Built a fort in 1608 to protect the survivorsBuilt a fort in 1608 to protect the survivors Harder workers were rewardedHarder workers were rewarded More colonist arrived from EnglandMore colonist arrived from England Colony did not make a profit until a new Colony did not make a profit until a new

crop called tobacco was establishedcrop called tobacco was established After 20 some odd years of not being able After 20 some odd years of not being able

to protect its people the London to protect its people the London Companies charter was revoked and Companies charter was revoked and Virginia became a Royal Colony in 1624Virginia became a Royal Colony in 1624

Headright system- gave 50 acres of land Headright system- gave 50 acres of land for each colonist who paid their own way for each colonist who paid their own way to Va. Gave 50 additional for every to Va. Gave 50 additional for every additional person they broughtadditional person they brought

MarylandMaryland Founded in 1632 by a request to King Founded in 1632 by a request to King

Charles by Lord Baltimore Charles by Lord Baltimore Located just North of VirginiaLocated just North of Virginia Founded for Catholics primarilyFounded for Catholics primarily Was to be a Propriety ColonyWas to be a Propriety Colony

– Owners controlled the colonyOwners controlled the colony 1634, 200 English Catholics arrived in 1634, 200 English Catholics arrived in

MarylandMaryland By 1640 protestants started to arrive By 1640 protestants started to arrive

alsoalso– Conflicts arose between the various Conflicts arose between the various

religionsreligions– Passed the Toleration Act of 1649Passed the Toleration Act of 1649

CarolinasCarolinas Originally the Lands South of Virginia Originally the Lands South of Virginia

was established as one large Colonywas established as one large Colony All Lands South of Virginia to Florida All Lands South of Virginia to Florida

was given to eight supporters of was given to eight supporters of Charles IICharles II

1712 the large colony was seperated 1712 the large colony was seperated into 2 separate colonies because of into 2 separate colonies because of the large distances between the large distances between settlements and the problems with settlements and the problems with Governing such a large areaGoverning such a large area

Many of the Colonist in North Many of the Colonist in North Carolina were farmers from VirginiaCarolina were farmers from Virginia

South CarolinaSouth Carolina Colonist primarily from Europe settled Colonist primarily from Europe settled

South CarolinaSouth Carolina Those who paid their own way received Those who paid their own way received

large land grantslarge land grants Brought slaves with them from AfricaBrought slaves with them from Africa By 1730 there was some 20,000 Africans By 1730 there was some 20,000 Africans

living in the colony, compared to some living in the colony, compared to some 10,000 White Settlers10,000 White Settlers

Proprietors managed it so badly that their Proprietors managed it so badly that their government was overthrowngovernment was overthrown

Crown took over both North and South in Crown took over both North and South in 17291729

GeorgiaGeorgia Lord Oglethorpe was given a Land Lord Oglethorpe was given a Land

Grant By the King George IIGrant By the King George II Georgia was designed to be a buffer Georgia was designed to be a buffer

zone between the English Colonies to zone between the English Colonies to the North and the Spanish Colony of the North and the Spanish Colony of FloridaFlorida

England and Spain had been bitter England and Spain had been bitter enemies for yearsenemies for years

Oglethorpe wanted Georgia to be a Oglethorpe wanted Georgia to be a safe haven for debtors who were trying safe haven for debtors who were trying to escape other colonies debtor lawsto escape other colonies debtor laws

He wanted a colony of small farms He wanted a colony of small farms Wanted to forbid slavery in his colony Wanted to forbid slavery in his colony

alsoalso As the colony grew so did the number As the colony grew so did the number

of people who came to the colonyof people who came to the colony– Demand for Slavery grewDemand for Slavery grew

In 1752, The British Government In 1752, The British Government made Georgia a Royal Colonymade Georgia a Royal Colony

Shortly after large Rice Plantations Shortly after large Rice Plantations with huge amounts of slaves came to with huge amounts of slaves came to bebe

EconomyEconomy The South was as different as anything in The South was as different as anything in

the Norththe North This is not to say that they did not have the This is not to say that they did not have the

same types of mercantile and trades they same types of mercantile and trades they are primarily located on the Plantation itselfare primarily located on the Plantation itself

Slave represented the majority of the labor Slave represented the majority of the labor forceforce

Slaves outnumbered Whites in many areasSlaves outnumbered Whites in many areas They grew crops like Tobacco, rice, Cotton, They grew crops like Tobacco, rice, Cotton,

and indigo meant to be exported to foreign and indigo meant to be exported to foreign countries for processingcountries for processing

Politics in each area was different alsoPolitics in each area was different also In New England Town Hall meetings we In New England Town Hall meetings we

prevalent where all the free males prevalent where all the free males decided laws and governeddecided laws and governed

In the Middle Colonies local government In the Middle Colonies local government was decided on by the land owning was decided on by the land owning white males and laws were made and white males and laws were made and followedfollowed

In the South Rich aristocrats ran the In the South Rich aristocrats ran the local governments and usually many local governments and usually many areas were run by the local plantation areas were run by the local plantation owner owner

Colonial Government was run by a Colonial Government was run by a governor that was appointed by the governor that was appointed by the King of England. King of England.

He served at the will of the King and He served at the will of the King and received his instructions from the received his instructions from the King. Information flowed in one King. Information flowed in one direction downhilldirection downhill

The colonial assembly was elected by The colonial assembly was elected by free white landownersfree white landowners– There were no females allowed to voteThere were no females allowed to vote– There was definitely no blacks or colored There was definitely no blacks or colored

people of any sort allowed to vote or people of any sort allowed to vote or hold officehold office

Laws could be made so long as they Laws could be made so long as they did not supersede laws enacted by did not supersede laws enacted by Britain or contrary to British LawsBritain or contrary to British Laws

Most laws regardless of where it was Most laws regardless of where it was enacted was based on English enacted was based on English common law and the churchcommon law and the church

In New England Church had a major In New England Church had a major influence on laws and justiceinfluence on laws and justice

For the most part the monetary For the most part the monetary system was based on Barteringsystem was based on Bartering

Bartering works on the principle of I Bartering works on the principle of I do something for you so therefore do something for you so therefore you owe me something. you owe me something. – Could be time, Labor, money, crops, Could be time, Labor, money, crops,

eggs, meateggs, meat Worked well for the most part as Worked well for the most part as

there was not a lot of hard currency there was not a lot of hard currency in the coloniesin the colonies

Most hard currency went to pay taxesMost hard currency went to pay taxes

Our FocusOur Focus

Our Primary Focus deals with life in Our Primary Focus deals with life in the Colonies from 1763 onwardthe Colonies from 1763 onward

As we moved from 1763 on we will As we moved from 1763 on we will be concerned with how changes be concerned with how changes occurred and why and the reaction occurred and why and the reaction from Colonist and also from Englandfrom Colonist and also from England

This Concludes today’s This Concludes today’s LessonLesson

Are there any Questions?Are there any Questions?