research rmit

8/8/2019 Research RMIT

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COMM2382 - COMMUNICATION RESEARCH AND

EVALUATION

RESEARCH ESSAY

Topic:

The knowledge and attitude of Vietnamese students toward

International Non-governmental Organizations The case of

RMIT Vietnam University Students

Lecturer: Duong Trong Hue

Student: Tran Le Nam Tra s3221648


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Abstract

This research aims to study about the knowledge and attitude of Vietnamese students about

International Non-governmental Organizations (INGOs), in examining the case of RMIT

Vietnam students. By introducing the concepts and facts about INGOs in the literature

review, the paper provides foundation for greater understanding of INGOs in the wolrd and

especially in Vietnam in term of communication strategies, employees perception, etc.

Especially, the paper points out the gaps introducing in earlier studies by looking at current

issues of Vietnamese students knowledge about INGOs, which bring the writer nearer to the

need of a finding for a reality of knowledge and attitude of Vietnamese students toward

INGOs.The results from this research and analysis on the collected data provide substantial

answers to the issue of acknowledging about current INGOs in Vietnam and perception of

Vietnamese students toward those INGOs.


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Table of Content:

Introduction

Literature Review

Definitions

Key Literature Gap

Research Question

Methodology

Participants

Procedure

Results

Findings and Analysis

Results

Data Analysis& Discussion

Conclusion

Summary

Theoretical and Practical Implications

Limitations

Future directions

Reference


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Introduction

International non-governmental organizations orINGOs areincreasingly making their

presence known in the popular media as well as international politics (Roff, 2004). Studies on

I NGOs have been carried out in order to better understanding their strong impacts and

capacity in influencing global policy on development matters. Moreover, governments can

take advantage of those INGOs since they can draw support of those organizations on nation-

building issues such as poverty and alleviation, sustainable development and human rights.

Earlier researchers indicated that there have been a lot of studies on this topic. However,

there are little findings on what do people think or their opinion toward those INGOs.

Consequently, the attributes of studies about peoples perception and attitude toward INGOs

may be useful in supporting INGOs to develop a better reputation and image and maintain

relationships with different partners as MacLean &BrijeshNalinakumari (2005) indicated that

some NGOs, such as CERES and WWF are in the needs of sophisticated reports that examine

their own image and performance under the viewpoint of outsiders.

In this research, I will examine the knowledge and attitude of Vietnamese students

toward INGOs based on the case of RMIT Vietnam students. The findings from this research

will be useful for my future career as I have been always attracted by working for INGOs.

Meanwhile, I have more knowledge about the functions, operation as well as difficulties or

problems of the current I NGOs in Vietnam. This is much more important to me as I can

sketch out some further directions for my career and take advantage of them as they gave me

a lot of practical experience on data analysis, communication skill and knowledge about a

favorite topic. The study can be also a guide for the I NGOs managers as it helps them

understand more about the opinion and attitude of Vietnamese students about these

organizations, which will help them to find out a way to communicate better. In this case,


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those INGOs will understand more about the Vietnamese young generation, who can be a

good human resource for the organizations.

This document includes three parts. In the first part, I provide the theoretical

perspectives on INGOs, this is where the concept ofINGOs is declared and the key literature

gap is opened up in order to clarify the purpose of the study and further directions. The

second part will be my investigation on the issue by using quantitative method. Particularly,

the paper-based questionnaires were distributed in RMIT Vietnam University, among the

students, who were the sample of this study. Finally, the last part will be my findings and

analysis of the data collected with the aim of offering a proper answer for the research

question and set up future directions for further studies on the topic.

Literature Review

This section will be my findings about the previous studies about the impacts of

INGOs on international developments. I firstly present some brief definitions for the concepts

of NGOs, following by a brief look at INGOs characteristics and functions, from which I

highlighted the differences between authors views to assure that the paper gives a proper

context for this study. The last part of the literature review will be the key literature gap of

the study that drives me to carry out this study.

International Non-governmental Organizations:

NGOs (Non-government organizations) are defined by Chanvoritz (1996) as groups

of individuals organized for the myriad of reasons that engage human imagination and

aspiration. In term of functioning, the World Bank (1995) defines NGOs as private

organizations that pursue activities to relieve suffering; promote the interests of the poor,

protect the environment, provide basic social services and undertake community


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development. In the late twentieth century, there were a lot of remarkably economical and

social changes; this led to the significant changes in the scale as well as operation of NGOs at

that time, together with the first appearance ofInternational NGOs, which moved to centre-

stage in international development work in area such as poverty alleviation, sustainable

development, human rights and womans emancipation (Madon 1999). This concept has

never ever become so popular in public discourse.

International Non-governmental Organizations in Vietnam

INGOs put its first step in Vietnam from the early 1990s (VUFO, 2010). Until now,

the country has witnessed a major development ofINGOs work. Its programs have matured,

and received a lot of support from Vietnamese authorities and people. In turn, Vietnamese

people and associations gained a lot of experience with I NGOs, and have worked

harmoniously with I NGOs in order to create a clearer legal framework and supportive

environment forINGOs activities (Payne, 2004). In the recent years, there is an urgent need

for INGOs all over the world to have better communication technologies in order to bring

about a better ad deeper information, analysis and action from those organizations (Woods,

2000). INGOs in Vietnam are not the exceptional. According to a recent report by Nguyen K

H (2001), INGOs in Vietnams main objectives were to move toward, and turn their role over

to local organizations. Besides, it is one of the main goal of the next operation period of

I NGOs is to improve and maintain a network of local Vietnamese consultants and human

resource through a good understanding of Vietnamese perception toward those INGOs. This

finding indicates that together with the development of INGOs in term of their work on the

purpose of strengthening the civil society, developing countries and promoting the role of

civil society actors in the global arena (Jayawickrama, 2009), INGOs is trying to manage its

image to the local citizens and tapping for a qualified and friendly human resource.


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The key literature gap:

Payne D (2004) indicated that although Vietnamese authority and people have gained

experience with INGOs, and have worked to create a clearer legal framework and supportive

environment forINGOs activities, it is this organizations key objectives is to strengthen the

relationship between I NGOs and other development actors in Vietnam, including

government agencies, donors and local organisations, another is to enhance the dialogue

between INGOs and the young human resource in Vietnam, especially Vietnamese students.

Despite the fact that NGOs, especially INGOs has been quite popular in Vietnam in recent

years, the issue about knowledge and attitude of Vietnamese students toward INGOs is not

addressed yet. Therefore, I will look at the information that the Vietnamese students have and

their feeling/opinion about those NGOs in order to better understanding the issue and

probably find a direction.

Research Question

After finishing doing the literature review, I was especially interested in those

theoretical underpinnings about how well-known and influencing the INGOs are, that is why

I wanted to explore whether the participants knowledge and impression on INGOs, that is

why I came up with the two below research questions, in order to guide my research analysis

to answer the topic research:

RQ: What is the knowledge and attitude of RMIT Vietnam students about International Non-

governmental organizations?


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Methodology

My research topics essence is to inform, to provide factual knowledge and to know

about the cognitive beliefs or perceptions. The method used for this research therefore had to

manage those criteria in order to conduct a qualified result for the researcher. As a result,

Quantitative method was chosen to support my study. Anderson (1996, cited in Keyton 2006,

p. 36) stated that the unit of analysis in quantitative research is quantity; therefore,

communication phenomena such as amounts, frequencies, degrees, values or intensity can be

represented by researcher through measuring or observing. Eventually, the method turned out

to be extremely useful and effective in collecting the information as well as conveying

knowledge to participants. Moreover, paper based survey, which is a device that

iseffective for encouraging participations, allow probing of responses and ability of capture

nonverbal cues, etc (Keyton J, 2002), was definitely a good tool to study about attitude and

perception as well as evoke feelings and emotional response from RMIT Vietnam students

the sample for this study. The proper usage of method as well as the research device would be

really helpful for me to fulfill the goals and outcomes of this research study, which is to

understand about the knowledge and attitude of RMIT Vietnam students about INGOs.

Participants

The participants of this study were 100 students chosen randomly from RM IT

Vietnam University. This group represented a fairly wide range of educational background as

well as the age for studying. Participants age ranged from 18 to 30 years old and could be

from English courses, diploma or bachelor degree. The reason for this choice was that I could

have a more diversified ideas and opinion about the topic because there is certain difference

between the perception of a 18-year-old students and that of a 30-year-old students about

their future career.


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100 students completed the survey. 57 of them were male and 43 were female. The

requirement of this study was that the participants have to know about, or have heard about

INGOs to continue with the questionnaires. 81% of the population accepted that they know or

hear about INGOs and continued with the other questions. 19% of them left the survey as

they did not know or even had heard of I NGOs before. The majority of the population was

from the Bachelor degree (64%) and the biggest age group was from 18 to 20 years old, made

up 47% of the whole population, the overall mean of the age group was 27.

(Source: Authors survey 2010)

Procedure and Instrument

In my research process, before I carried out the questionnaires, I had to double-check

the questionnaires to assure that there was no grammar or spelling errors so that the

participants would not find it uncomfortable and confused about the questions as well as the

surveys purpose.

I chose to hand out the paper-based survey on school days. By doing this, I would be

able to have more participants with a more diversified scale. The first day, I finished 65

57%

43% Male

Female


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papers and the rest 35 papers on the next day. However, as afterI checked some papers, I

found that there were some mistakes such as the participants did not fill in all the questions in

the survey or the participants did not follow the requirement of the survey, for example: there

were students who do not have an idea about INGOs but keep answering the next questions

instead of leaving the survey. Therefore, I decided to gather more 30 papers. In general, I

have 130 answers paper and I analyzed 100 of them, which means that my data is valid and

trustable.

The seemingly only difficulty for me when I carried out this survey was my

communication skill. First of all, I decided to collect data from my friends, but after that, the

speed of the process was really slow and I might not finish it before the set time. As a result, I

had to talk a lot with other students in university, whom I didnt know in order to ask them

for filling in the paper. . I found myself so shy and even cannot open my mouth and say

Hello, may I have your help? Please fill in this survey and it will take some minutes. Thank

you. However, things got better the next days as I got used to it and I found that the situation

would be easier if I express the friendliness and smile to them. Also, I gathered the data in

different places other than just in classrooms, which means that I could have quicker response

and results.

I then organized the data on papers and input them into the computer. Using Excel, I

processed the data and created charts, which I based on to analyze the data I collected. As

there are two main phases in my research topic, I decided to divide the data collected into 2

themes for analyzing, which are: the knowledge about I NGOs and the attitude toward

INGOs.


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Findings & Analysis

Results

In this section, I will present a summary of the general knowledge and attitude of

RMIT Vietnam students toward INGOs, following by a deeper analysis on the data by using

the 2 main themes that I clarified in the early parts. 81% of the respondents (n= 81) agreed

that they know or have heard about INGOs while the other 19% said that they have never

heard or have any idea about I NGOs. This suggests that although I NGOs has become so

popular in the world, there are still a fair number of people who do not have an idea about

this phenomenon of the twentieth society.


0%

81%

19%

Do you know about INGOs?

Yes No


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Data Analysis& Discussion

The tool used to analyze the data is thematic analysis, which is identified as thematic

interpretation (Owen, 1984, cited in Keyton 2002, pp. 295). This method bases on the

participants conceptions of actual communication episodes. As the research question

included two main phases which almost covered the entire topic, I divided the themes into

two main themes for the convenience and logic of data collecting and analyzing. Under the

theme of Attitude toward INGOs, I divided into 2 sub-themes which are Opinion toward

I NGOs and Opinion about choosing I NGOs as future careers. The rationale for this

division is that: basing on the data, I will be able to figure out the reason why students from

RMIT Vietnam University chose I NGOs as their future career, base on which I can help

figure out a set of knowledge forINGOs as well as a future directions for further studies.

Knowledge about INGOs

The first research question provided a list ofINGOs, which were chosen according to

the rating of popularity of those INGOs: Red Cross, Green Peace, AustCare, World Vision

International, etc. The most recognized name was Red Cross, 89% of the correspondents

(n=72) said that they know this organization. And the other 43% (n=35) recognized CARE.

The other organizations included Green Peace, Oxfam, World Vision International, Amnesty

International) received fairly recognition from the participants. AustCare was least known by

the RMIT Vietnam students (12% - n=10). While there is still 5% of the whole population

(n=4) said that they did not recognize any of those giving INGOs. This implies that although

being the most popular organizations of the world, these I NGOs remain unknown by a

number of RMIT Vietnam students, who represent Vietnamese students as a bigger group of

participants.


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Source: Authors Survey 2010

The next two questions asked about the knowledge of participants about the

characteristics and function ofINGOs. These questions helped explore the deeper knowledge

of participants about INGOs. 2% (n=2) of respondents indicated that they do not know any

characteristic of I NGOs while 100% (n=81) were true about the non-government

characteristic ofINGOs. The second popular characteristic ofINGOs to this population was

non profit, non commercial and non violent; this received 96% (n=78) approval from the

participants. The other characteristics got the fair amount of acknowledgement. This indicates

the fact that although I NGOs trend is to shift from the previous structure to a more

complex, carefully structured and more flexible (Madon 1999) and to have more

characteristics, there is still not adequate recognition by the outsiders in figuring out the core

characteristics of those organizations.

89% 26% 12% 33% 19% 31% 43% 5%

72

21

10

27

15

25

35

4

0%

1000%

2000%

3000%

4000%

5000%

6000%

7000%

8000%


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On the other hand, there is a bigger lack of knowledge as well as information about

the I NGOs in term of functions than characteristics since there is 15% of the whole

population said that they did not know what I NGOs work is There were 59 participants

(73%) thought that one of the functions ofINGOs was to raise environmental concerns, other

42 (52) students gave the idea that INGOs do the work of delivering goods and services to the

poor countries. The lowest numbers belongs to function ofINGOs as political negotiations

that assumed by the participants. There is a similarity in previous findings showed that being

a politician negotiator and try to affect the governments policy is a new function of INGOs

(Jayawrickrama&MacCullagh, 2009). The other functions of I NGOs, which are raising

global consciousness about health, or working to improve quality of life of disadvantage

people, were fairly recognized by the participants, with 28% and 31% respectively.

96%

57%

40%

100%

40% 38%

2%0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

on profit,non comm ercial,non violentIndependentfrom political partiesSelf- governingNon governmentValue - basedMulti - national Don't know

Characteristics of INGOs


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Attitude toward INGOs

There are two smaller themes I used to understand more about the attitude of RMIT

Vietnam students about INGOs. They are: the participants overall opinion toward INGOs

and their level of consideration ofINGOs as their future careers. The section will be followed

by a question that provided the reasons of RMIT students in choosing INGOs as their future

career.

Using the model of Likert (1932)s Scale Question, the two questions about the

opinion of students about INGOs and their attitude toward considering INGOs as their future

career helped create the pilot tested for reliability assessment of the individual items

(Clason&Dormody, 1996).

Opinion toward INGOs

Results showed that, overall, the participants have a good impression about INGOs.

70% of the whole population claimed that either they feel very positive, somewhat positive or

52%

9%

73%

38%

33%

35%

15%

42

7

59

31

27

28

12

Delivering vital goods and services

Political Negotiations

Environmental concerns

Work toimp rove q

alityof life ofdisadvantage

peop le

Respondtowelfare reliefand pro-poo interest

Raise global consciou sness about health

Dont knowFunctions of INGOs


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neut l ut I e positi e look from t e popul tion can si nify a good directions and

image of t ose I s in t e eyes of t e young Vietnamese generation, especially of

Vietnamese students. However, 30% (n=24) among t e participants showed a negative

feeling on I s, which quite surprised me when I carried outthis survey. Since I s are

the most (SOURC ), there is a number of students feel bad (25%, n=20) or even very bad

(5%, n=4) aboutthese I Os. This consequently leads me to the question that why they had

such a bad perception about I Os, and this would possibly a new and different findings

from previous studies.

(Source: Aut

ors survey 2010)

However, as I stated that this was the most surprise thing for me during the whole

research process, I was not prepared for such situation, that is why I did not make a further

question to figure out why the students had such bad impression aboutI Os. Nevertheless,

some previous studies mentioned aboutthe limitations of INGOs in reaching a considerable

global positions. Despite the fact that I NGOs represented major forces for social changes,

providing both direct and indirect services to millions of people throughoutthe world (Roff

2004), INGOs do not coordinate well enough (McCullagh, 2009). Further explanation forthis

15

43 12

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5

Opinion to d NGOs

Ve ypositive

Somew

tpositive

e

t

Somew tne tive

Ve yne tive


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reason was that although I NGOs has improved in recent years, still they havent skilled at

working togetherto capture and share promising practices, which resulted in the incoherence

in raising the impact of all ofthose INGOs on the outsiders. Another study provided another

weakness of INGOs: the lack of correlation and partnershi ps between I NGOs and local

forces, organi ations (McGann&Johnstone, 2006). Further research will possibly help find

out more points of INGOs that made this partys image not good in the perception of

Vietnamese students.

Opi ion aboutchoosing IN Os asfuture career

The next question of choosing INGOs as a future career in the questionnaires helped

explore the opinion of the participants about choosing INGOs as their future career. Results

showed thatthere is a considerably average number of participants would be likely to choose

INGOs as their future careers. These students made up 54% (n=) ofthe whole population, in

comparison with the number of participants stood atthe neutral position of negative position,

which is 46%; was not a big number. This finding suggested that the young generation of

Vietnam do not highly appreciate working forINGOs as ajob oftheir future.


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11

Will h Os as a future career?

St ongly agree

Agree

e ! tral

Disagree

Stronglydisagree


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The requirement for answering the last question, which is what is the reason for your choice

of I NGOs as a future career is that the participants choose either Agree or Strongly

agree for the question of Will you choose INGOs as future career earlier. Therefore, the

number of answers for this question was 33 students (institutes of 40% of the previous

question).


There is a strong impact about the INGOs roles in the nowadays society, which is

meaningful work, among those participants. That is possibly why this is the reason received

the highest rate from the participants (82%, n=27). The next two reasons, which are high

credibility and international working environment, got the fairly high recommendations

from the population 61% and 67% respectively. Since RMIT Vietnam is an international

university, students from this background seem to have a different look at perspective jobs as

well as put the major purpose of having a job on different views of point. Furthermore, the

school fee of this university is among the highest school fees in Vietnam at the time

48%

82%

67%

18%

36% 33%

61%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

High salary Mea nin gful

work

International

working

environment

Indepe ndent

from

government

Reputat io n Lo ng-term

job

High

credibility

The reason of choosing INGOs for future career


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(Vnexpress.com, 2010), this means that students come from upper middle class and high

class. This can help explain why high salary is just the fourth reason of RM IT students in

choosing INGOs as their future career (48%, n=16). Also, there seems to be a lack of politics

concern from participants since only 18% of them (n=6) said that they would choose INGOs

because this party is independent from government. Overall, there are varieties of reasons

why RMIT students will consider INGOs when they apply for jobs. This fact indicates that

I NGOs should pay more attention in enhancing their reputation and the communication

strategy in order to attract qualified and high-credible human resource.

Conclusion

In conclusion, my research has accomplished my research objectives somehow since

the data collected and findings as well as the analysis can help me find the answer for the

research questions and fairly fulfill the gap I opened up at the beginning of the research. A

considerable number of students have good knowledge ofINGOs operating in Vietnam and

have a fairly good attitude towards those organizations. However, just an average number of

them consider having a career with INGOs. Consequently, these organizations need to have a

better communication strategy in order to call for local and qualified human resource. On the

other hand, this study exposed some troubles and limitations, which will be presented in the

next parts together with a recommendation for future directions.

Theoretical andPractical Implications

There are certain implications that can be pondered from the results of this study.

Theoretically, the study bears a significant relationship with previous theories since it

emphasized the importance of I NGOs in the development process of many developing

countries, including Vietnam. Moreover, the findings claimed that there is a need for INGOs

in contributing more into the development of itself in term of its role: more global, more


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flexible and cooperate with the local parties and organization. Practically, I found that doing

this research study did not bring to me the data for analyzing and comparing with previous

studies. The more important and helpful thing that I get from this research is that I know that

theories have to be always go with practice; and communication skill is the key point to the

success. The more I practice, the more experience I get and therefore, I have more lessons for

my own as well as my future studying. There is no doubt about I will be very eager and ready

for the next research.

Limitations

Since any research has strong and weak points; mine is not an exceptional. During the

process of the research, I had to face with some troubles that might make this study lack of

credibility but on the other hand gave me invaluable lessons about doing communication

research.

The first limitation of this research may be the representativeness of the sample.

Vietnamese students may have a tendency to know and feel differently more than RMIT

Vietnam students about International NGOs. As RMIT Vietnam is an international university,

the chance of students to access to the international news, organizations, and corporations can

be more and easier than the indigenous universities. However, this is still a good sample of

participants about the knowledge and attitude toward INGOs because somehow, the research

help clarify a certain group of population toward I NGOs (RMIT Vietnam students), from

which further studies can base on and develop the directions of researching.

The second limitation of this study may lie at the questionnaires. As the purpose of

this study is to educating, I thinkI should have spent more effort in conducting more answers

for those questions of giving information, which means that the participants will get more

knowledge from the survey. Moreover, the research questions had some problems of


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vagueness, which might have caused confusion for participants. This issue demands for a

better understanding and clearer checking effort in order to satisfy the surveys quality.

Last but not least, this is the first time that I carried out a research study myself.

Although this is my favourite topic, I found myself lack of necessary communication and

analysis skill in order to be able to collect a more valid set of answers and give a more

thoughtful analysis and discussion on the topic. Nevertheless, I recognized that inexperience

is necessary as I have to keep practicing in order to better off myself in term of experience

and quality of a researcher.

Future directions

Although I NGOs is not a new concept for Vietnamese people anymore, especially

Vietnamese students, they still havent had a clear perception and good consideration of

INGOs as their future careers. I am concerns with a reason for this issue as well as directions

for the future ofINGOs in Vietnam. Earlier theories indicate that there are certain limitations

and weakness ofINGOs in communicating with local organizations or authorities as well as

outsiders. Thus, future research should focus on the reality of Vietnamese students

awareness and perception toward INGOs. Vietnam is a developing countries, together with a

young population, this nation promise a huge source of high-quality employees for such

organizations. Additionally, if the INGOs can conduct a good communication strategy, it can

be helpful in all circumstances and support a lot in the development of these organizations.


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Reference:

Chanrnovitz S 1996, Participation of Non Governmental organizations in the World Trade

Organization ,University ofPennsylvania Journal of International Economic Law, vol. 17,

pp. 331 357.

Clason D L &Dormody T J 1996, Analyzing data measured by Individual Likert-type

items,Journal of Agricultural Education,New Mexico State University vol. 35, no. 4.

Hall T H, Mattingly J E & Duong H 2009, NGO Politics and insurgency: Examining

institutional structures and change processes of NGO influence , Nova SciencePublishers

Inc.chapt. 9, pp. 1 16

Iriye A 1999, A century of NGOs,Diplomatic history, vol. 23 no.3, pp 421 435

Keyton J 2006,Communication Research: Asking Questions, Finding Answers,2nded,

McGraw-Hill Publishers NY

Madon S 1999, International NGOs: Networking, information flows and learning , Journal

of Strategic information system, vol. 8, pp. 251 261

McGann J &Johnstone M 2006, The Power Shift and the NGO Credibility Crisis ,

International Journal of Not-for-profitLaw, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 65 77

Nalinakumari B & MacLean R 2005, NGOs: A primer on the evolution of the organizations

that are setting the next generation of regulation , Environmental Quality Management, vol.

14, no. 4, pp. 1 21.

Nguyen K H 2001, Lessons learned from a decade of experience: A strategy analysis of

INGOs methods and activities in Vietnam 1990 1999 , VUFO NGO Resource Center.


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Payne D 2004, The VUFO NGO Resource Centre: 10 years of Partnership between

Vietnam and International NGOs, VUFO NGO Resource Centre.

Roff S 2004, NGOs: The strength perspective at work , International Social Workvol. 47,

no.2, pp. 202 212.

Salamon L M 1994, The rise of the nonprofit sector , Foreign Affairs vol. 73, no. 4, pp. 109

122

Jayawickrama S &McCullagh N 2009, What makes International NGOs Distinctive?

Contributions, Characteristics and Challenges , Hauser Center for Non-profit Organizations

at Harvard University.

Woods A 2000, Facts about European NGOs active in International development, OECD

Publication, France.

Appendix:

Survey:

Knowledge & Attitude toward International NGOs (Non-governmental

Organizations) of Vietnamese Students: The case of RMIT Vietnam students

I am a student at RMIT. I am carrying out a study to understand the students knowledge and

attitude toward International NGOs (Non-governmental Organizations). The survey only

takes 5 minutes. I will not collect your personal information or use the information gathered

to cause any harm to the participants. Please fill in the survey before April 30, 2010. Thankyou very much for your support. Your response is very important to my study.

* Have you ever heard about International NGOs?

( ) Yes

( ) No (Thank you, you can leave the survey)


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I. Demographic General Information:1. Gender: Male Female

2. Age: 18 20 21 25 26 30

3. Education: English Diploma Bachelor

4. What is your major? Accountancy

Business Information System

Commerce

Design

Professional Communication

IT

5. Which semester are you in? Semester 1- 2

Semester 3 4

Semester 5 and above

II. Knowledge and Attitude toward international NGOs:1. Which of the following NGOs that you know or have heard about?

Red Cross AustCare

Greenpeace World Vision International

Amnesty International CARE

Oxfam Other

2. What of the following functions that NGOs do?

Delivering vital goods and services Work to improve quality of life of disadvantage people

Political negotiations Respond to welfare relief and pro poor interest

Environmental concerns Raise global consciousness about health


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Other Dont know

3. What are the main characteristics of NGOs?

Non profit, non commercial, non violent Non government

Independent from political parties Value based

Self governing Multi national

Other Dont know

4. How is your opinion about International NGOs?

Very interested Somewhat

interested

Neutral Not very

interested

Not at all

interested

5. Would you consider NGOs as one of your future careers?

Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree

6. If you choose agree or strongly agree in question 5, why?

High salary Meaningful work

International working environment Independent from government

Reputation Long-term job

High credibility Other

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