quality management slides

Project Quality Management

Group Members

Saba Afaq Plan Quality Management

Saba Mehboob Perform Quality Assurance

Reeha Noor Perform Quality Control

Project Quality Management

Project Quality Management includes the processes and activities of the performing organization that determines quality policies, objectives, and responsibilities so that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken

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Overview of the PQM

Plan Quality Management

Perform Quality Assurance

Control Quality

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Process of identifying quality requirements and standards for the project and its deliverables and documenting how the project will demonstrate compliance with quality requirements.


INPUTS1.Project management

plan.2 Stakeholder register

.3 Risk register.4 Requirementsdocumentation.5 Enterprise

environmentalfactors

.6 Organizational process

TOOLS & TECHNIQUES.1 Cost-benefit

analysis.2 Cost of quality

.3 Seven basic quality tools

.4 Benchmarking.5 Design of experiments

.6 Statistical sampling.7 Additional quality

planning tools.8 Meetings

OUTPUTS1 Quality management

plan.2 Process

improvementplan

.3 Quality metrics.4 Quality checklists.5 Project documents

updates

Plan Quality Management: Inputs

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Project Management Plan

Scope baselineSchedule baselineCost baselineOther management plans

Stakeholder Register Risk Register Requirements Documentation Enterprise Environmental Factors Organizational Process Assets

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Plan Quality Management: Tools and Techniques

Cost-Benefit Analysis

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A cost-benefit analysis for each quality activity compares the cost of the quality step to the expected benefit.

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Cost of Quality (COQ)

Cost of Conformance

Prevention Costs(Build a quality

product)• Training

• Document processes

• Equipment• Time to do it right

Appraisal Costs(Assess the quality)

• Testing• Destructive testing loss

Cost of non- Conformance

Internal Failure Costs

(Failures found by the project)• Rework• Scrap

External Failure Costs

(Failures found by the customer)• Liabilities

• Warranty work• Lost business

Seven Basic Quality Tools

Cause-and-effect diagrams

Flowcharts Checksheets Pareto diagrams Histograms Control charts Scatter diagrams

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Cause-and-effect diagrams

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Flow Charts

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Checksheets

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Pareto Diagrams

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Histograms

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Control Charts

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Scatter Diagrams

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Plan Quality Management: Tools and Techniques

Benchmarking Design of Experiments Statistical Sampling Additional Quality Planning Tools

Brainstorming Force field analysis Nominal group technique Quality management and control tools

Meetings

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Plan Quality Management: Outputs

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Quality Management Plan : Outputs

Quality Management Plan The quality management plan is a component of the project

management plan that describes how the organization’s quality policies will be implemented.

Process Improvement Plan Process boundaries. Process configuration. Process metrics.. Targets for improved performance.

Quality Management Plan : Outputs

Quality MetricsA quality metric specifically describes a project or product attribute and how the control quality process will measure it.

Quality ChecklistsA checklist is a structured tool, usually component-specific, used to verify that a set of required steps has been performed

Project Documents UpdatesStakeholder register Responsibility assignment matrix WBS and WBS Dictionary.


Quality Assurance (QA) is concerned with establishing, evaluating , improving and maintaining the quality of the processes. Once processes are consistent, QA "assure" that the same level of quality will be incorporated into each product produced by that process by use of different tools and techniques.

INPUTS1. Quality management

plan2 Process improvement

plan3 Quality metrics4 Quality control measurements

5 Project documents

TOOLS & Techniques

1. Quality management &

control tools.2 Quality audits

.3 Process analysis

OUTPUTS.1 Change requests

.2 Project management plan

updates.3 Project documents

updates.4 Organizational process assets

updates

1. Quality Management and Control Tools

1. Affinity Diagrams

2. Process decision program charts (PDPC)

3. Interrelationship digraphs

4. Tree diagrams

5. Prioritization matrices

6. Activity network diagrams

7. Matrix diagrams

I. Steps to Create Affinity Diagrams

STEP 1Write each idea on a separate

index card

STEP 2Randomly place

each index card onflat surface. Wallboard or flipchart

STEP 3In silence, team

members move thecards into

meaningful groupsuntil the group

stops moving thecards.

STEP 4As a team,

discuss and then label each

category with a title

STEP 5As a team, discuss

Each category,Using cause-and

Effect diagrams, ifneeded.

It is an orderly extension of a structured brainstorming session to generate ideas

II. Steps to Create PDPC

1 • Develop a tree diagram of the proposed plan

2 • For each task on the third level, brainstorm what could go wrong

3 • Review all the potential problems and eliminate any that are insignificant

4 • For each potential problem, brainstorm possible countermeasures

5• Decide how practical each countermeasure

is. Use criteria such as cost, time required, ease of implementation and effectiveness. Mark impractical countermeasures with an X and practical ones with an O.

systematically identifies what might go wrong in a plan under development. By using PDPC, you can either revise the plan to avoid the problems or be ready with the best response when a problem occurs.

III. How to Construct an Interrelationship Digraph

1. Create a Problem

Statement

2. Brainstorm Ideas

3. Determine Relationships

Between Ideas4. Analyze the Diagram

Show cause-and-effect relationships, and help analyze the natural links between different aspects of a complex situation

IV. Tree diagrams and Prioritization Matrices

It is used to figure out all the various tasks that must be undertaken to achieve a given objective

Delay of Bridge Construction

Unavailability of Construction Material

Scarcity of raw materials

Shortage of funds

Unfavorable weather conditions

Equipment Problems

Equipment Damage

Unavailabity of equipment

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Prioritization Matrix

1. Quality Management & Control Tools

VI. Activity network diagrams –used with project scheduling methodologies Activity on arrow Activity on node Can be used for review technique

(PERT), critical path method (CPM) & precedence diagramming method (PDM).

VII. Matrix diagrams –used to perform data analysis within the organizational structure show the strength of relationships between

factors, causes, and objectives that exist between the rows and columns of matrix

Perform Quality Assurance: Tools & Techniques

2. Quality Audits Structured, independent process to determine if project

activities comply with organizational and project policies, processes, and procedures.

can confirm the implementation of approved change requests including updates, corrective actions, defect repairs, and preventive actions.

3. Process Analysis follows the steps outlined in the process improvement plan

to identify needed improvements. examines problems experienced, constraints experienced,

and non-value-added activities identified during process operation.

Perform Quality Assurance: Outputs

Change Requests used as input into the Perform Integrated Change Control process used to take

corrective action, preventive action, to perform defect repair

Project Management Plan Updates Quality management plan Scope management plan Schedule management plan Cost management plan

Project Documents Updates Quality audit reports, Training plans Process documentation.

Organizational Process Assets Updates

Perform Quality Control

Control Quality

Control Quality is the process of monitoring and recording results of executing the quality activities to assess performance and recommend necessary changes

Perform Quality Control :Inputs

• The project management plan contains the quality management plan, which is used to control quality

Project management

plan

• A quality metric describes a project or product attribute and how it will be measured.

Quality Metrics

• Quality checklists are structured lists that help to verify that the work of the project and its deliverables fulfill a set of requirements.

Quality Checklist


•Work performance data is Planned vs. actual technical performance, actual schedule performance, and actual cost performance.

Work performance

data

•As part of the Perform Integrated Change Control process, a change log update indicates that some changes are approved and some are not.

Approved Change

Requests

•A deliverable is any unique and verifiable product, result, or capability that results in a validated deliverable required by the project.

Deliverables


• Project documents may include Agreements, Quality audit reports and change logs , Training plans and assessments and Process documentation .

Project Docume

nts• The organizational process assets

includes the organization’s quality standards and policies, guidelines, reporting procedures and communication policies.

Organizational

Process Assets

Perform Quality Control: T&T

Seven Basic Quality Tools

The seven basic quality tools are illustrated earlier.

Statistical Sampling Samples are selected and tested

as defined in the quality management plan.

Inspection An inspection is the examination of a work product to determine if

it conforms to documented standards.Approved Change

Requests Review All approved change requests

should be reviewed to verify that they were implemented as

approved.

Perform Quality Control :Outputs

Quality Control Measurements Quality control measurements are the documented results of control quality activities.

Verified Deliverables A goal of the Control Quality process is to determine the correctness of deliverables.

Work Performance Information Work performance information is the performance data collected

Validated Changes Any changed or repaired items are inspected and will be either accepted or rejected before notification of the decision is provided.

Perform Quality Control :Outputs

Change Requests If the recommended corrective or preventive actions or a defect repair requires a change to the project management plan, a change request should be initiated.

Project Management Plan Updates Elements of the project management plan that may be updated include Quality management plan , and Process improvement plan

Project Documents Updates Project documents is being updated

Organizational Process Assets Updates Elements of the organizational process assets that may be updated include Completed checklists and Lessons learned documentation

References

http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/new-management-planning-tools/overview/process-decision-program-chart.html

http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/opi/qi/toolbox/interrelationshipdigraph.html

http://asq.org/learn-about-quality/new-management-planning-tools/overview/tree-diagram.html







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