overcoming the 3rd and 4th grade slump: blending narrative and expository text in children’s...
DESCRIPTION
Overcoming the 3rd and 4th Grade Slump: Blending Narrative and Expository Text In Children’s Literature. Presented by: Maryellen Rooney Moreau, MEd CCC-SLP. ASHA 2014 ORLANDO November 22, 2014, 2:30pm.TRANSCRIPT
Overcoming the 3rd and 4th
Grade Slump
Blending Narrative and Expository Text
In Childrenrsquos Literature
Presented by Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP
0
ASHA 2014 ORLANDO
November 22 2014 230pm
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP
President amp Founder MindWing Concepts Inc Springfield MA
ndash Financial Maryellen has ownership interest in MindWing Concepts
holds intellectual property rights and patents Maryellen is employed as
president of MindWing Concepts In that capacity She designed Story
Grammar Markerreg and Braidy the StoryBraidreg along with many other
books and materials She consults trains and presents on these topics
ndash Nonfinancial No relevant nonfinancial relationships exist
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Disclosures
1
bull The full presentation is available on my website
bull Go to this link for the presentation
ndash httpmindwingconceptscompresentationshtm
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
2
We only have an hour together
this afternoon sohellip
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Even the greatest baseball players of all time have hit slumps and as they
struggle they feel hopeless about their ability to get out of the slump
SLUMP
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4
ldquoThere are countless stories about what players
will do to end a slump countless times that a
hitter will stand in front of a mirror at 3 am
swinging an imaginary bat wondering what he
is doing wrong and wondering
when he will get another hit
if everrdquo
- Kurkjian 2012 A Batting Slump Can Be A Scary Thing Many Players Say Its A
Completely Helpless Feeling When They Struggle At The Plate ndash ESPN Magazine
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This is a perfect analogy for the plight of the student who is in
the fourth grade slump In fourth grade there is the risk and the
knowledge that falling behind at this point is critical
As important as stories are to oral language development and
literacy the curriculum is no longer only picture books It
incorporates content area information such as social studies
and science as well as various modes such as multimedia and
technology
One thing builds on the next and not faltering at this point is
essential much like the hitter who is in the last inning of the
baseball game and his teamrsquos whole game hinges on him
driving in the winning run
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
6
In 1983 Harvard psychologist writer and literacy researcher
Jean Chall (1921-1999) coined the term ldquothe fourth grade
slumprdquo for students who fall behind in reading due to ldquoa shift
from learning to read in grades 1-3 and reading to learn in
grades 4-8rdquo
This shift occurred because of a ldquochange in academic
language required to read grade level content textsrdquo
Chall J amp Jacobs V (1983) Poor childrenrsquos fourth grade slump American Educator Retrieved on httpwwwaftorgpubs
reportsAmerican EducatorSpring 2003)Challhtml
DaleChall Readability Formula (1948)
Chall J (1996) Learning to Read The Great Debate Fort Worth Harcourt Brace College Publ
What is the 4th
Grade ldquoslumprdquo
3rd
Grade too
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
7
Chall (1983) found that vocabulary was the first area to
be compromised in grade 4 followed by an increasing
inability to use context for comprehension purposes
because of vocabulary and complex language
structures the advancing sentence structures and the
density of text to be read by grade 7 and beyond
How does the ldquoslumprdquo happen
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
8
Students in both general and special education settings who are
bull Living in poverty
bull Language learning disabled
bull Learning English as a second language
bull Along the Autism Spectrum
bull Low comprehenders
bull Poor at expressing what they comprehend
Who is affected by the ldquoslumprdquo
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ldquohellipThe students who do not acquire the skills necessary to
read to learn (comprehend and express complex text and
think critically) will fall into the fourth grade slump and
then continue in a downward spiral toward the ldquoeighth
grade cliffrdquo (p1) which happens when there is the perfect
storm of increasingly complex
academic content and the ldquophysical
emotional and psychological
developmentrdquo (p1)
of adolescencerdquo -Grosso de Leon (2002)
What is the risk if the 3rd
4th
Grade Slump is NOT overcome
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There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
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The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
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How do we do this
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But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
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A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
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Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
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As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
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Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
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Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
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Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
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These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
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The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
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This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
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ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
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3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
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A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
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ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
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Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
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Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
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Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
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The Analysis
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To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
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Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
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Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
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Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
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Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
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The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
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85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
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These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
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90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
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94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
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The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
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IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
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The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
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The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
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The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
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Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
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Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
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Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP
President amp Founder MindWing Concepts Inc Springfield MA
ndash Financial Maryellen has ownership interest in MindWing Concepts
holds intellectual property rights and patents Maryellen is employed as
president of MindWing Concepts In that capacity She designed Story
Grammar Markerreg and Braidy the StoryBraidreg along with many other
books and materials She consults trains and presents on these topics
ndash Nonfinancial No relevant nonfinancial relationships exist
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Disclosures
1
bull The full presentation is available on my website
bull Go to this link for the presentation
ndash httpmindwingconceptscompresentationshtm
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
2
We only have an hour together
this afternoon sohellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 3
Even the greatest baseball players of all time have hit slumps and as they
struggle they feel hopeless about their ability to get out of the slump
SLUMP
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
4
ldquoThere are countless stories about what players
will do to end a slump countless times that a
hitter will stand in front of a mirror at 3 am
swinging an imaginary bat wondering what he
is doing wrong and wondering
when he will get another hit
if everrdquo
- Kurkjian 2012 A Batting Slump Can Be A Scary Thing Many Players Say Its A
Completely Helpless Feeling When They Struggle At The Plate ndash ESPN Magazine
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 5
This is a perfect analogy for the plight of the student who is in
the fourth grade slump In fourth grade there is the risk and the
knowledge that falling behind at this point is critical
As important as stories are to oral language development and
literacy the curriculum is no longer only picture books It
incorporates content area information such as social studies
and science as well as various modes such as multimedia and
technology
One thing builds on the next and not faltering at this point is
essential much like the hitter who is in the last inning of the
baseball game and his teamrsquos whole game hinges on him
driving in the winning run
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
6
In 1983 Harvard psychologist writer and literacy researcher
Jean Chall (1921-1999) coined the term ldquothe fourth grade
slumprdquo for students who fall behind in reading due to ldquoa shift
from learning to read in grades 1-3 and reading to learn in
grades 4-8rdquo
This shift occurred because of a ldquochange in academic
language required to read grade level content textsrdquo
Chall J amp Jacobs V (1983) Poor childrenrsquos fourth grade slump American Educator Retrieved on httpwwwaftorgpubs
reportsAmerican EducatorSpring 2003)Challhtml
DaleChall Readability Formula (1948)
Chall J (1996) Learning to Read The Great Debate Fort Worth Harcourt Brace College Publ
What is the 4th
Grade ldquoslumprdquo
3rd
Grade too
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
7
Chall (1983) found that vocabulary was the first area to
be compromised in grade 4 followed by an increasing
inability to use context for comprehension purposes
because of vocabulary and complex language
structures the advancing sentence structures and the
density of text to be read by grade 7 and beyond
How does the ldquoslumprdquo happen
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
8
Students in both general and special education settings who are
bull Living in poverty
bull Language learning disabled
bull Learning English as a second language
bull Along the Autism Spectrum
bull Low comprehenders
bull Poor at expressing what they comprehend
Who is affected by the ldquoslumprdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 9
ldquohellipThe students who do not acquire the skills necessary to
read to learn (comprehend and express complex text and
think critically) will fall into the fourth grade slump and
then continue in a downward spiral toward the ldquoeighth
grade cliffrdquo (p1) which happens when there is the perfect
storm of increasingly complex
academic content and the ldquophysical
emotional and psychological
developmentrdquo (p1)
of adolescencerdquo -Grosso de Leon (2002)
What is the risk if the 3rd
4th
Grade Slump is NOT overcome
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 10
There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
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The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
bull The full presentation is available on my website
bull Go to this link for the presentation
ndash httpmindwingconceptscompresentationshtm
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
2
We only have an hour together
this afternoon sohellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 3
Even the greatest baseball players of all time have hit slumps and as they
struggle they feel hopeless about their ability to get out of the slump
SLUMP
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
4
ldquoThere are countless stories about what players
will do to end a slump countless times that a
hitter will stand in front of a mirror at 3 am
swinging an imaginary bat wondering what he
is doing wrong and wondering
when he will get another hit
if everrdquo
- Kurkjian 2012 A Batting Slump Can Be A Scary Thing Many Players Say Its A
Completely Helpless Feeling When They Struggle At The Plate ndash ESPN Magazine
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 5
This is a perfect analogy for the plight of the student who is in
the fourth grade slump In fourth grade there is the risk and the
knowledge that falling behind at this point is critical
As important as stories are to oral language development and
literacy the curriculum is no longer only picture books It
incorporates content area information such as social studies
and science as well as various modes such as multimedia and
technology
One thing builds on the next and not faltering at this point is
essential much like the hitter who is in the last inning of the
baseball game and his teamrsquos whole game hinges on him
driving in the winning run
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
6
In 1983 Harvard psychologist writer and literacy researcher
Jean Chall (1921-1999) coined the term ldquothe fourth grade
slumprdquo for students who fall behind in reading due to ldquoa shift
from learning to read in grades 1-3 and reading to learn in
grades 4-8rdquo
This shift occurred because of a ldquochange in academic
language required to read grade level content textsrdquo
Chall J amp Jacobs V (1983) Poor childrenrsquos fourth grade slump American Educator Retrieved on httpwwwaftorgpubs
reportsAmerican EducatorSpring 2003)Challhtml
DaleChall Readability Formula (1948)
Chall J (1996) Learning to Read The Great Debate Fort Worth Harcourt Brace College Publ
What is the 4th
Grade ldquoslumprdquo
3rd
Grade too
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
7
Chall (1983) found that vocabulary was the first area to
be compromised in grade 4 followed by an increasing
inability to use context for comprehension purposes
because of vocabulary and complex language
structures the advancing sentence structures and the
density of text to be read by grade 7 and beyond
How does the ldquoslumprdquo happen
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
8
Students in both general and special education settings who are
bull Living in poverty
bull Language learning disabled
bull Learning English as a second language
bull Along the Autism Spectrum
bull Low comprehenders
bull Poor at expressing what they comprehend
Who is affected by the ldquoslumprdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 9
ldquohellipThe students who do not acquire the skills necessary to
read to learn (comprehend and express complex text and
think critically) will fall into the fourth grade slump and
then continue in a downward spiral toward the ldquoeighth
grade cliffrdquo (p1) which happens when there is the perfect
storm of increasingly complex
academic content and the ldquophysical
emotional and psychological
developmentrdquo (p1)
of adolescencerdquo -Grosso de Leon (2002)
What is the risk if the 3rd
4th
Grade Slump is NOT overcome
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 10
There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 3
Even the greatest baseball players of all time have hit slumps and as they
struggle they feel hopeless about their ability to get out of the slump
SLUMP
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4
ldquoThere are countless stories about what players
will do to end a slump countless times that a
hitter will stand in front of a mirror at 3 am
swinging an imaginary bat wondering what he
is doing wrong and wondering
when he will get another hit
if everrdquo
- Kurkjian 2012 A Batting Slump Can Be A Scary Thing Many Players Say Its A
Completely Helpless Feeling When They Struggle At The Plate ndash ESPN Magazine
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 5
This is a perfect analogy for the plight of the student who is in
the fourth grade slump In fourth grade there is the risk and the
knowledge that falling behind at this point is critical
As important as stories are to oral language development and
literacy the curriculum is no longer only picture books It
incorporates content area information such as social studies
and science as well as various modes such as multimedia and
technology
One thing builds on the next and not faltering at this point is
essential much like the hitter who is in the last inning of the
baseball game and his teamrsquos whole game hinges on him
driving in the winning run
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
6
In 1983 Harvard psychologist writer and literacy researcher
Jean Chall (1921-1999) coined the term ldquothe fourth grade
slumprdquo for students who fall behind in reading due to ldquoa shift
from learning to read in grades 1-3 and reading to learn in
grades 4-8rdquo
This shift occurred because of a ldquochange in academic
language required to read grade level content textsrdquo
Chall J amp Jacobs V (1983) Poor childrenrsquos fourth grade slump American Educator Retrieved on httpwwwaftorgpubs
reportsAmerican EducatorSpring 2003)Challhtml
DaleChall Readability Formula (1948)
Chall J (1996) Learning to Read The Great Debate Fort Worth Harcourt Brace College Publ
What is the 4th
Grade ldquoslumprdquo
3rd
Grade too
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
7
Chall (1983) found that vocabulary was the first area to
be compromised in grade 4 followed by an increasing
inability to use context for comprehension purposes
because of vocabulary and complex language
structures the advancing sentence structures and the
density of text to be read by grade 7 and beyond
How does the ldquoslumprdquo happen
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
8
Students in both general and special education settings who are
bull Living in poverty
bull Language learning disabled
bull Learning English as a second language
bull Along the Autism Spectrum
bull Low comprehenders
bull Poor at expressing what they comprehend
Who is affected by the ldquoslumprdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 9
ldquohellipThe students who do not acquire the skills necessary to
read to learn (comprehend and express complex text and
think critically) will fall into the fourth grade slump and
then continue in a downward spiral toward the ldquoeighth
grade cliffrdquo (p1) which happens when there is the perfect
storm of increasingly complex
academic content and the ldquophysical
emotional and psychological
developmentrdquo (p1)
of adolescencerdquo -Grosso de Leon (2002)
What is the risk if the 3rd
4th
Grade Slump is NOT overcome
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 10
There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
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As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
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Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
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The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
4
ldquoThere are countless stories about what players
will do to end a slump countless times that a
hitter will stand in front of a mirror at 3 am
swinging an imaginary bat wondering what he
is doing wrong and wondering
when he will get another hit
if everrdquo
- Kurkjian 2012 A Batting Slump Can Be A Scary Thing Many Players Say Its A
Completely Helpless Feeling When They Struggle At The Plate ndash ESPN Magazine
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 5
This is a perfect analogy for the plight of the student who is in
the fourth grade slump In fourth grade there is the risk and the
knowledge that falling behind at this point is critical
As important as stories are to oral language development and
literacy the curriculum is no longer only picture books It
incorporates content area information such as social studies
and science as well as various modes such as multimedia and
technology
One thing builds on the next and not faltering at this point is
essential much like the hitter who is in the last inning of the
baseball game and his teamrsquos whole game hinges on him
driving in the winning run
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
6
In 1983 Harvard psychologist writer and literacy researcher
Jean Chall (1921-1999) coined the term ldquothe fourth grade
slumprdquo for students who fall behind in reading due to ldquoa shift
from learning to read in grades 1-3 and reading to learn in
grades 4-8rdquo
This shift occurred because of a ldquochange in academic
language required to read grade level content textsrdquo
Chall J amp Jacobs V (1983) Poor childrenrsquos fourth grade slump American Educator Retrieved on httpwwwaftorgpubs
reportsAmerican EducatorSpring 2003)Challhtml
DaleChall Readability Formula (1948)
Chall J (1996) Learning to Read The Great Debate Fort Worth Harcourt Brace College Publ
What is the 4th
Grade ldquoslumprdquo
3rd
Grade too
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
7
Chall (1983) found that vocabulary was the first area to
be compromised in grade 4 followed by an increasing
inability to use context for comprehension purposes
because of vocabulary and complex language
structures the advancing sentence structures and the
density of text to be read by grade 7 and beyond
How does the ldquoslumprdquo happen
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
8
Students in both general and special education settings who are
bull Living in poverty
bull Language learning disabled
bull Learning English as a second language
bull Along the Autism Spectrum
bull Low comprehenders
bull Poor at expressing what they comprehend
Who is affected by the ldquoslumprdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 9
ldquohellipThe students who do not acquire the skills necessary to
read to learn (comprehend and express complex text and
think critically) will fall into the fourth grade slump and
then continue in a downward spiral toward the ldquoeighth
grade cliffrdquo (p1) which happens when there is the perfect
storm of increasingly complex
academic content and the ldquophysical
emotional and psychological
developmentrdquo (p1)
of adolescencerdquo -Grosso de Leon (2002)
What is the risk if the 3rd
4th
Grade Slump is NOT overcome
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 10
There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 5
This is a perfect analogy for the plight of the student who is in
the fourth grade slump In fourth grade there is the risk and the
knowledge that falling behind at this point is critical
As important as stories are to oral language development and
literacy the curriculum is no longer only picture books It
incorporates content area information such as social studies
and science as well as various modes such as multimedia and
technology
One thing builds on the next and not faltering at this point is
essential much like the hitter who is in the last inning of the
baseball game and his teamrsquos whole game hinges on him
driving in the winning run
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
6
In 1983 Harvard psychologist writer and literacy researcher
Jean Chall (1921-1999) coined the term ldquothe fourth grade
slumprdquo for students who fall behind in reading due to ldquoa shift
from learning to read in grades 1-3 and reading to learn in
grades 4-8rdquo
This shift occurred because of a ldquochange in academic
language required to read grade level content textsrdquo
Chall J amp Jacobs V (1983) Poor childrenrsquos fourth grade slump American Educator Retrieved on httpwwwaftorgpubs
reportsAmerican EducatorSpring 2003)Challhtml
DaleChall Readability Formula (1948)
Chall J (1996) Learning to Read The Great Debate Fort Worth Harcourt Brace College Publ
What is the 4th
Grade ldquoslumprdquo
3rd
Grade too
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
7
Chall (1983) found that vocabulary was the first area to
be compromised in grade 4 followed by an increasing
inability to use context for comprehension purposes
because of vocabulary and complex language
structures the advancing sentence structures and the
density of text to be read by grade 7 and beyond
How does the ldquoslumprdquo happen
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
8
Students in both general and special education settings who are
bull Living in poverty
bull Language learning disabled
bull Learning English as a second language
bull Along the Autism Spectrum
bull Low comprehenders
bull Poor at expressing what they comprehend
Who is affected by the ldquoslumprdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 9
ldquohellipThe students who do not acquire the skills necessary to
read to learn (comprehend and express complex text and
think critically) will fall into the fourth grade slump and
then continue in a downward spiral toward the ldquoeighth
grade cliffrdquo (p1) which happens when there is the perfect
storm of increasingly complex
academic content and the ldquophysical
emotional and psychological
developmentrdquo (p1)
of adolescencerdquo -Grosso de Leon (2002)
What is the risk if the 3rd
4th
Grade Slump is NOT overcome
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 10
There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
6
In 1983 Harvard psychologist writer and literacy researcher
Jean Chall (1921-1999) coined the term ldquothe fourth grade
slumprdquo for students who fall behind in reading due to ldquoa shift
from learning to read in grades 1-3 and reading to learn in
grades 4-8rdquo
This shift occurred because of a ldquochange in academic
language required to read grade level content textsrdquo
Chall J amp Jacobs V (1983) Poor childrenrsquos fourth grade slump American Educator Retrieved on httpwwwaftorgpubs
reportsAmerican EducatorSpring 2003)Challhtml
DaleChall Readability Formula (1948)
Chall J (1996) Learning to Read The Great Debate Fort Worth Harcourt Brace College Publ
What is the 4th
Grade ldquoslumprdquo
3rd
Grade too
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
7
Chall (1983) found that vocabulary was the first area to
be compromised in grade 4 followed by an increasing
inability to use context for comprehension purposes
because of vocabulary and complex language
structures the advancing sentence structures and the
density of text to be read by grade 7 and beyond
How does the ldquoslumprdquo happen
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
8
Students in both general and special education settings who are
bull Living in poverty
bull Language learning disabled
bull Learning English as a second language
bull Along the Autism Spectrum
bull Low comprehenders
bull Poor at expressing what they comprehend
Who is affected by the ldquoslumprdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 9
ldquohellipThe students who do not acquire the skills necessary to
read to learn (comprehend and express complex text and
think critically) will fall into the fourth grade slump and
then continue in a downward spiral toward the ldquoeighth
grade cliffrdquo (p1) which happens when there is the perfect
storm of increasingly complex
academic content and the ldquophysical
emotional and psychological
developmentrdquo (p1)
of adolescencerdquo -Grosso de Leon (2002)
What is the risk if the 3rd
4th
Grade Slump is NOT overcome
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 10
There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
7
Chall (1983) found that vocabulary was the first area to
be compromised in grade 4 followed by an increasing
inability to use context for comprehension purposes
because of vocabulary and complex language
structures the advancing sentence structures and the
density of text to be read by grade 7 and beyond
How does the ldquoslumprdquo happen
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
8
Students in both general and special education settings who are
bull Living in poverty
bull Language learning disabled
bull Learning English as a second language
bull Along the Autism Spectrum
bull Low comprehenders
bull Poor at expressing what they comprehend
Who is affected by the ldquoslumprdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 9
ldquohellipThe students who do not acquire the skills necessary to
read to learn (comprehend and express complex text and
think critically) will fall into the fourth grade slump and
then continue in a downward spiral toward the ldquoeighth
grade cliffrdquo (p1) which happens when there is the perfect
storm of increasingly complex
academic content and the ldquophysical
emotional and psychological
developmentrdquo (p1)
of adolescencerdquo -Grosso de Leon (2002)
What is the risk if the 3rd
4th
Grade Slump is NOT overcome
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 10
There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
3Copyright copy 2013 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-
9746 bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
8
Students in both general and special education settings who are
bull Living in poverty
bull Language learning disabled
bull Learning English as a second language
bull Along the Autism Spectrum
bull Low comprehenders
bull Poor at expressing what they comprehend
Who is affected by the ldquoslumprdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 9
ldquohellipThe students who do not acquire the skills necessary to
read to learn (comprehend and express complex text and
think critically) will fall into the fourth grade slump and
then continue in a downward spiral toward the ldquoeighth
grade cliffrdquo (p1) which happens when there is the perfect
storm of increasingly complex
academic content and the ldquophysical
emotional and psychological
developmentrdquo (p1)
of adolescencerdquo -Grosso de Leon (2002)
What is the risk if the 3rd
4th
Grade Slump is NOT overcome
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 10
There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
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Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 9
ldquohellipThe students who do not acquire the skills necessary to
read to learn (comprehend and express complex text and
think critically) will fall into the fourth grade slump and
then continue in a downward spiral toward the ldquoeighth
grade cliffrdquo (p1) which happens when there is the perfect
storm of increasingly complex
academic content and the ldquophysical
emotional and psychological
developmentrdquo (p1)
of adolescencerdquo -Grosso de Leon (2002)
What is the risk if the 3rd
4th
Grade Slump is NOT overcome
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 10
There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
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Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
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This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 10
There is a very strong belief among upper elementary and
middlehigh school teachers that teaching reading should
be the sole responsibility of the primary grade teachers
Many teachers who teach content areas such as science
and social studies do not have training and knowledge in
teaching reading and language they believe their only role
is teaching content This is also contributing to the ldquoeight
grade cliffrdquo (p 69)
-Sanacore and Palumbo (2009)
Another possible contributor to
the ldquo8th
Grade Cliffrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 11
The combination of a strong foundation in discourse language
direct instruction blending narrative and expository text structures as
well as the use of both structures within lessons in early grades will
help to
increase background knowledge and domain-specific vocabulary
improve the ability to comprehend and express complex text and
enable students to think critically
This will assist educators in helping students to OVERCOME the 3rd
and 4th grade slump reach grade-level standards and be prepared for
success in college and career
Overcoming the Slump
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 12
How do we do this
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 13
But first a snapshot
of the methodologyhellip
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Building Blocks of Language
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
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Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 bull Maryellen Rooney Moreau bull 1-888-228-9746
bull wwwmindwingconceptscom
Without ldquodiscourserdquo there is no efficient connection between
language development and literacy
CCSS
COLLEGE AND CAREER
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
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Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
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This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Persuasion
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 17
A narrative is a story It involves
the telling or re-telling of events
and experiences orally and in
writing A story can be true or
fictitious and takes into account
one or more points of view
Narrative Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 19
Expository or informational text is found in text books such as history
geography social studies science and technology
Expository text structures are particularly important for organizing and
comprehending information in news articles textbook chapters science
experiments research papers advertisements content area texts the Internet
and even in everyday life
The basic expository or informational text structures are description list
sequence causeeffect problemsolution comparecontrast and persuasion
(Rooney Moreau amp Fidrych 2008 p 18)
Expository Definedhellip
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 20
As the curriculum becomes more complexhellip
EXPOSITORY TEXT IS INTRODUCED AND BECOMES
MORE PREVALENT IT IS
TECHNICAL ABSTRACT DENSE
COMPLEX ALIENATING
Technical Vocabulary
Embedded Clauses
Fang Z and Schlippegrell M (2010) Disciplinary Literacies Across Content Areas Supporting
Secondary Reading Through Functional Language Analysis Journal of Adolescent amp Adult Literacy
53(7) International Reading Association
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 22
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 23
Massey amp Heafner (2004) discovered 6 reader strategies to be to
incorporate both narrative and expository text
1) Establishing a purpose for reading
2) Making connections to background knowledge
3) Understanding the arrangement of the texts (text structures)
4) Making connections among texts
5) Monitoring comprehension through questioning
6) Synthesizing information across texts (p 28)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 24
Instructional leaders should attend to the increased
demands of the speaking and listening domain
especially Anchor Standard 1 which states that
students should prepare for and participate
effectively in a range of conversations and
collaborations with diverse partners building on
othersrsquo ideas and expressing their own clearly and
persuasively
- National Governors Association Center for Best Practices amp
Council of Chief State School Officers 2010- RELATED ARTICLE Fisher D amp Frey N (2013) Collaborative conversations Speaking and
listening standards ensure that students can communicate effectively and build on one anotherrsquos
ideas ASCD Principal Leadership
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 25
Moss (2004) pinpointed two reasons for helping educators
teach expository text
bull the Information Age demanding the technical and
domain-specific knowledge of expository text
bull the pressure to improve scores on standardized test
that contain much exposition
She proposed that educators should teach expository text
through retellings which are ldquooral or written postreading
recalls during which children relate what they remember
from reading or listening to a particular textrdquo (p 711)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
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ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 26
These should be accomplished through explicit
instruction and the gradual release of responsibility
framework
bull Teacher Models
bull Student Applies Strategy with Teacher and
Peer Feedback
bull Student moves toward independence with
authentic text
Pearson amp Gallagher 1983
Duke amp Pearson 2008
Gradual Release of Responsibility
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 27
The concept of ldquotwin textsrdquo was introduced by Camp (2000)
She elaborates on ways to pair books together
Twin texts are two books one fiction and one non-fiction that
are presented together in a lesson to get children excited about
learning and activate prior knowledge
ldquoTeachers can integrate language arts science social studies
and other content areas by using childrenrsquos literature as a
bridgerdquo
Camp 2000 p 400
Twin Texts
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 28
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 29
This pairing of twin texts improves
comprehension in three ways
ldquobuilding background knowledge
developing text-related vocabulary
and increasing motivation to explore
the topic under discussionrdquo
Soalt 2005 p680
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 30
ldquoHistorical fictionrdquo blends aspects of social studies in with
a story Examples of this type of literature are
This helps children transition from narrative to expository
text and to ldquorealize that both types of text structure can be
interesting informational and meaningfulrdquo
Sanacore 1990 p 3
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 31
3 Blockbusters Movies from 2012-
2013 on the theme of Civic Rights
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 32
A Lesson
We are using the following book because it has deep roots and meaning
for our community in Springfield Massachusetts The book is set eighty
years before 2014 and shows the championing of the human spirit The
incident or situation to be understood occurred at a time very different
from the present
A Home RunFor Bunny
Written by Richard Andersen
Illustrated by Gerald Purnell
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 33
ldquoFiction can build knowledge and understanding of
peoples lands times and ideas that are very important
but totally unknown to children (p21)rdquo This leads to
expository text
Hirsch (2003) points out that this type of fiction can be
useful because
bull it is written in the narrative form which is a more
familiar structure to students
bull it contains unfamiliar concepts and domain-specific
vocabulary that can be applied to more complex
expository selections
-Hirsch 2003
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 34
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 35
Alcatraz becomes federal
prison
Dust Bowl storms
Bonnie and Clyde
FDR ldquoNew Dealrdquo
Gerbers Baby Food 9 Foods
TWA ndash 36 to 18 hours coast to
coast
Hindenberg dies ndash Hitler becomes president
Average yearly salary $1601
Gallon of Gas 10 cents
American Legion Baseball
World Series Championship
held in Chicago IL
The World ldquoSettingrdquo ndash
Historical Events in 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 36
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 37
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 38
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 39
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 40
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 41
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 42
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
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Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 43
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 44
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 45
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 46
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 47
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 48
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 49
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 50
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 51
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 52
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 53
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 54
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 55
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 56
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 57
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 58
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 59
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 60
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 61
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 62
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 63
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 64
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 65
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 66
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 67
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 68
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 69
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 70
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 71
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 72
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Introduction
This ldquosimplerdquo picture book contains very complex content
many layers of information It tells the story of the 1934 New
England American Legion Baseball All-Stars from
Springfield who went to play in the Eastern Regionals in
Gastonia North Carolina
If the team won there the All-Star group would get to play in
the National Finals in Chicagohellipand possibly win The
outcome was a ldquowinrdquo for the human spirit
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 73
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Introduction
THEMES
Courage
Loyalty
Teamwork
Prejudice
Taking a stand for what is right amidst great pressure to
take the easy way out
This book is made up of a set of complex concepts that are
interrelated Hopefully it will inspire you to delve further
into this story
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 74
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 75
Introduction
In order to build rigor the thinking process must get deeper
Analysis of literature or historical events at deep levels using the narrative
developmental sequence as a scaffolding model will create rigor
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
The book as an Action Sequence
Characters Ernest ldquoBunnyrdquo Taliaferro and the
other team members of American Legion Post 21
baseball team Coach Steere and Team Manager
Mr Harris
Settings Springfield Massachusetts and
Gastonia North Carolina 1934
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 76
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 77
To show how narrative development using The SGMreg (as an
Action Sequence) and The ThemeMakerreg provide the growth
of rigorous thinking lets analyze the book as a series of
actions
Action Springfield Legion Team wins the New
England Championship
bull Bunny pitched a shutout
bull Bunny hit two home runs
bull Bunny stole six bases
bull Bunny picked off a runner at third
bull Bunny pitched an eleven inning shut out
the second day
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 78
Action The Springfield team gets to go to the Eastern
Regional Championships in Gastonia North Carolina
Action The Springfield team traveled by train
Action The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off
the train platform when they arrived
Action The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
Action The boys had to carry their bags and
equipment all the way to the hotel
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 79
Action The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the Team Bunny Taliaferro
Action Coaches and Managers argued about the
denial of housing
Action The Springfield team went to the field that
same afternoon to practice
Action An angry crowd threatened the team as a
whole
Action Bunny courageously stepped up to batting
practice and hit six homeruns
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 80
Action The crowd threw bottles cans and half-eaten
hotdogs at him and the rest of the outfield
Action Back at the hotel the Florida and Maryland
teams said they would not play against the team if
Bunny was on the team
Action The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
Action The officials argued
Action The coach told the boys that they had to make
a decision play without Bunny or go home
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 81
Action They voted unanimously to go home
Action Maryland won the East Regional tournament
Action The team came back by a train that made a
special stop for them at Springfieldrsquos Union Station
On that August night they were given a herorsquos
welcome
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
This is the Landscape of Action (Bruner J) It is the facts as
presented without the perspectives of characters their feelings mental
states plans problem solving or an analysis of the problem to prepare for
argument As we build the Landscape of Consciousness
(Bruner J) where we think and discuss those aspects of advanced
thinking noted above we build rigor
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 82
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 83
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The AnalysisThe Development of Rigor
Using the SGM Developmental Sequence
beyond the Action Sequence
Characters The Springfield team
Settings The team is traveling by train to the
Eastern Regional Championships in Gastonia
North Carolina It is with great pride and
excitement that the boys are traveling to compete
This is the ldquoho-hum dayrdquo the expected scenario
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 84
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
85
bull The welcoming band in Gastonia walked off the
train platform when they arrived
bull The bus pulled away leaving the whole team
stranded
bull The boys had to carry their bags and equipment all
the way to the hotel
bull The hotel denied housing for the one African-
American on the team Bunny Taliaferro unless
certain conditions were met
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
86
Because of these actions the boys
including Bunny felt embarrassed
ldquoBunny looked like he wanted to sink through the cracks in the
floor ldquoI donrsquot want to cause any troublerdquo he mumbled Bunny feels more than
sad than mad Look at his face his body language and the fact that he ldquomumbledrdquo
He is embarrassed and mortified in front of his teammates and the adults
Higher level feelings such as ldquoembarrassed and mortifiedrdquo are dependent
on onersquos perspective of others within a situation Bunny is keenly aware
of the situation and by now its potential consequenceshellip
so is everyone else Bunny is powerless The boys are
powerless The fate of the situation is in the
hands of others the coach and
manager
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
87
Coaches and Managers
argued about the denial of housing
The coach and manager from Springfield
had a decidedly different point of view than those from
Gastonia and the heads of the American Legion Organization
The pages are not numbered in this book
but this page spread is important The artist communicated
so well here The page spread has shadows
depicting the body language of argument Facial expressions
and projected feelingsmental states on all
of the people on the spread are important to note
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 88
These are tones of voice expressed via ldquocommunicationlinguistic verbsrdquo
When we teach students to be aware of these verbs as pragmatic aspects
of language changing meaning we teach rigor
Know
civil rights issue in the south
Remember
past history current laws
Realize
There is a wrong here
What to do
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
These are tones of voice that build rigor
They deepen the understanding of the
situation from points of view
perspective taking
Coach Steere ldquogrowledrdquo
Manager Harris ldquofumedrdquo
An official from the American Legion ldquospoke uprdquo
The hotel manager ldquoinsistedrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 89
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
90
know Bunny canrsquot stayremembercite ldquoSeparate but equal lawsrdquo
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout laws
Gastonia
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
91
know there are laws consideredprejudicial by the Springfield group
realize the situation is real and isgoing to impact their stay
Bunny is on the team
Angry concernedabout safetyconcerned aboutplaying
Springfield
to oppose the decision ofthe Gastonians
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The AnalysisUse the Critical Thinking Triangle to create
ldquotalking pointsrdquo as students ldquoturn and talkrdquo about
points of view of characters on different sides
of an issue This is rigor
92Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team
Setting At the field that same afternoon
to practice
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 93
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
94
bull An angry crowd already gathered before batting
practice threatened the team as a whole
bull Bunny courageously stepped up to bat and hit six
homeruns during practice
bull The crowd quieted during Bunnyrsquos homerun rally
bull Afterwards the crowd continued throwing bottles
cans and half-eaten hotdogs at him and the rest of
the outfield
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
What are the feelings and thoughts of Bunny and the
team at this moment (know remember realize)
Take into consideration the following quotes
ldquoBunny was the first to make a move He grabbed his bat
stepped up to the plate and started taking
cuts at imaginary pitchesrdquo
ldquoI was glad to be warming the benchrdquo
ldquoMore threats and jeers filled the air as Coach
made his way to the moundrdquo
ldquoBatter uprdquo he called
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 95
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters Coaches
Setting Back at the hotel
bull The Florida and Maryland teams said they
would not play against the team if Bunny was
on the team
bull The team was not welcome to go to the
Welcome Banquet if Bunny was with them
bull The coaches argued giving the same reasons
as before
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 96
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Initiating Event (Kick-Off) The coach told the
boys that they had to make a decision play
without Bunny or go home
Internal Response (Feelings) Feelings should be
noted Locate the page where Tony King the
captain of the team spoke first
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 97
IfThen sentences could be used to discuss
If we stay Bunny cannot play
If we stay we are giving in to injustice
If we stay we might win
If we go we cannot possibly win
If we go we are showing respect and friendship and sportsmanship
What should we do
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Direct Consequence They voted unanimously to
go home
Resolution The boys are satisfied
disappointed proudhellip
What lesson did they learn
What lesson does this teach us all
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 98
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
Setting Change
Characters The Springfield team of champions
Setting On the train that made a special stop
for them
Action At Springfieldrsquos Union Station on that
August night they were given a herorsquos welcome
Resolution The American Legion Post 21 team
was disbanded in 1935 as a protest against racial
discrimination It was revived in 2010
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 99
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
100
76 years laterhellip
On the teamrsquos opening day in 2010 the last surviving
members of the team captain Tony King and team member
Danny Keyes threw ceremonial first pitches Tony King is
now the last surviving member
bull Team member Daniel Keyes who became a judge was
later quoted as saying
ndash ldquoIt wasnrsquot just the right thing to do It was the only thing
to do If wersquod gone ahead without Bunny even if we
had won the championship no one would ever
have heard of usrdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
101
bull Tony King now 96 years old team captain of the 1934
New England champs said
ndash ldquoHow different it is today when we have a black
governor in Massachusetts and a black president as the
head of our country Sports were meant to bring people
together not to separate them because of their color
ldquoThe people who run American legion baseball made a
big mistake back then They never should have
scheduled a tournament like that in a place like that at
a time like thatrdquomdashThe Republican Newspaper July 18 2014
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
The Analysis
102
ldquoLooking back now nothing we did on
any ball field compares with what we did on
August 23 1934 Long before anyone had ever
heard of Jackie Robinson a team of
fifteen-year-old kids from Springfield
Massachusetts chose loyalty and respect
over championships Without swinging a single bat
wersquod hit a home runmdashnot just for Bunny
but for people everywhererdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Qualitative Dimension applied to A Home Run for Bunny
Levels of Meaning
ndash A home run for Bunny is a biographical narrative
(requiring much expository (historical) background
knowledge)
bull Structure
ndash Simple to Complex Chiefly literary a picture
booknarrative
ndash Simple to sophisticated graphics artists illustrations
become a center for comprehension of emotions and
mental states related to dialogue
bull Language clear contemporary conversational
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 103
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Knowledge Demands ndash life experiences
ndash Multiple Complex and Sophisticated themes racial prejudice
decision making to influence a future goal courage
ndash Experience may be similar or different from typical
historicalcultural experience of the readers The historical ldquoerardquo
is different
ndash Multiple perspectives are present and there to be interpreted
through a lens of history
ndash Readersrsquo perspectives may be similar or different from those in
the book
bull Knowledge Demands ndash culturalliterary knowledge
ndash Begins with everyday knowledge
ndash Ends with cultural and literary knowledge necessary (past
eraspresent time)Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 104
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
bull Knowledge Demands- contentdisciplinary knowledge
ndash From everyday knowledge and expectations involving
baseball
ndash To extensive for specialized knowledge about civil
rights non-violent protests etchellip
ndash Note The above Qualitative criteria is adapted from
ACT (2006) from the Carnegie Council on Advancing
adolescent literacy (2010)
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 105
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 106
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 107
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 108
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 109
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 110
ldquoBrothers All Are Werdquo
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 111
Maryellen Rooney Moreau MEd CCC-SLP is the
Recipient of the 2014 Alice Garside Lifetime
Achievement Award for her contributions to the field of
dyslexia and language learning disabilities
The award dinner with keynote presentation by
Maryellen is December 5th in Framingham MA
Massachuset
ts Branch
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
How to reach Maryellen
Call her (toll free) 8882289746
Email her mrmoreaumindwingconceptscom
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 112
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Bibliography
Blackburn B (2008) Rigor is NOT a four letter word Larchmont NY Eye on Education
Blackburn B amp Williamson R (2009) The characteristics of a rigorous classroom Texas
Elementary Principals and Supervisors Association Instructional Leader
Dodd J (2014) Taking Measure American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Fisher D Frey N amp Lapp K (2012) Text complexity Raising rigor in reading
Newark DE International Reading Association
Fisher D Frey N Rothenberg C (2008) Content-area conversations How to plan
discussion based lessons for diverse language learners Association for Supervision and
Curriculum Development
Flynn P (2014) Four on the core American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association
ASHA Leader
Harvey S amp Goudvis A (2000) Strategies that work Teaching comprehension to
enhance understanding Portland ME Stenhouse
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 113
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Hess K (2004) Applying Webbs DoK levels in reading (online) available
httpwwwncieaorgpublicationsDOKreading_KH08pdf
Hess K amp Biggham S (2004) A discussion on increasing text complexity New
England Common Assessment Program
Howell P (2010) Resnickrsquos standards of accountable talk Available at
httpwwwovecorgprofessionaldevelopmentAccountableTalkBinderpdf
McIntosh K et al (2010) Toward true integration of academic and behavior
response to intervention systems Tier 3 Support American Association of
School Psychologists Communique (39) 4
Michaels S OrsquoConner M Hall M with Resnick L (2002) Accountable Talk
Classroom conversation that works Pittsburgh University of Pittsburgh
Rudebusch J From Common Core State Standards to standards-based IEPs A
Brief Tutorial American SpeechLanguage and Hearing Association Special
Interest Division 16
Wagner T (2008) Rigor redefined Educational Leadership 66(2) 20-24
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 114
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Bibliography of Childrenrsquos Literature
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 115
Andersen R amp Purnell G (2014) A Home Run for Bunny Bellevue WA Illumination Arts
Bruner J (1990) Acts of meaning Cambridge MA Harvard University Press
Morrison T ( 2004) Remember The Journey to School Integration NY Houghton-Mifflin
This book is exceptionally well done from points of view dialogue and emotions of students
who lived during the era of ldquoBrown vs the Board of Educationrdquo decision It is a pictorial and
narrative journey through this era of American History The prologue begins with ldquoThis book
is about yourdquo
Ransome L and Ransome J (2000) Satchel Paige NY Aladdin Press
This is a biography of Satchel Paige who while in reform school became a champion pitcher
and ultimately made it to be the first African-American to pitch in the World Series and the
first Negro Leaguer to be inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown NY The
book takes place in the 1920s
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116
Ringgold F If a Bus Could Talk The Story of Rosa Parks NY Aladdin Press
This book is the Rosa Parks story from the perspective of a bus There are
many opportunities to use expository maps within this narrative
Descriptions comparecontrast problem and solution text structures are
present
Turner G amp Fax E (1989) Take a Walk in Their Shoes NY Puffin Books
This is a book of skits written about the lives of fourteen ldquooutstanding
African Americansrdquo Among them are Rosa Parks Martin Luther King
Fredrick Douglass and Satchel Paige How about making a skit for the
experience of Bunny Taliafero and the Springfield American Legion Baseball
Champs
Copyright copy 2014 MOREAU wwwmindwingconceptscom 116