our neighbours in space

Dr.Shadia Y. BanjarDr.Shadia Y. Banjar 11

LEARN ENGLISH FOR LEARN ENGLISH FOR SCIENCESCIENCE


OUR NEIGHBOURS IN SPACEOUR NEIGHBOURS IN SPACE


WORD STUDY:

1.1. Attracted byAttracted by: pulled towards.2.2. ArtificialArtificial: man made.

•Certain metals are attracted byattracted by magnets.•Sputnik is the first artificialartificial satellite.

SputnikSputnik


1.1. SatelliteSatellite: a natural or artificial moon which revolves around a planet.

2.2. Orbit: Orbit: the path of one body around anotherthe path of one body around another.

•Mars has two satellitessatellites.•The shape of an orbitorbit is elliptical


1.1. RadiationRadiation: the process of sending out heat, light, or X-rays.

2.2. Polar diameter: Polar diameter: the diameter measured from the diameter measured from pole to pole of a planet.pole to pole of a planet.

•This substance produces harmful radiationradiation.•The polar diameterpolar diameter is slightly less than the equatorial diameter.


1.1. Light yearLight year: (a measure of length equal to) the distance that light travels through empty space in one year(about 6,000,000,000,000 miles).

•The nearest star is known to be 3.4 light yearslight years away.


Word buildingWord building

Spherical Sphere CircularCircleCylindrical CylinderConical Cone EllipticalEllipse

TriangularTriangle

CubicalCubic

Cube RectangularRectangleAdjective Noun


SphericalA footballc)

An orangeA test tubeThe sharp end of a pencilA funnelDiceOne side of a pyramidAn oil barrelA clock face

A football fieldThe orbit of a satellite

The shape

Sphericalk)Cylindricalj)Conicali)Conicalh)Cubicalg)Triangularf)Cylindricale)Circulard)

Rectangularb)Ellipticala)Adjective No.

1. Describing the shapeDescribing the shape


ArticlesArticles

2. Making a general statement:2. Making a general statement:

a) Palm trees are flowering plants.b) A horse is a mammal.c) Elephants are mammals.d) A dam is an immense structure.e) Irrigation channels bring water to dry areas.f) Generators produce electricity.g) Fish live in water.h) A scientist often works in a laboratory.i) A triangle has three sides.


Questions and AnswersQuestions and Answers

a) One day in 1969 so many people watched television because men first landed on the moon that day.

b) Yuri Gagarin completed an orbit of the earth.

c) Before there were any satellites, scientists used telescopes to get information about planets and stars.

d) Information has been received from the moon, Mars and Venus by instruments which have been landed on them.

e) Artificial satellites contain instruments to measure everything from temperature to radiation levels.

f) Life probably exists only on Earth.


Connectives Connectives

a) We know howhow to calculate the area of a circle.

b) We know wherewhere to see the nearest star.

c) We know thatthat Jupiter is the biggest planet.

d) We know whowho invented the motor car.e) We know why why there is no life on other

planets.f) We know how to do simple experiment.g) We know that oxygen is the most

common element.h) We know whenwhen to expect a full moon.i) We know how oxygen is produced.

1. Sentences beginning with ‘We know”1. Sentences beginning with ‘We know”


The PassiveThe Passive 2. Using the information in brackets:2. Using the information in brackets:

a) Mars is believed to be covered in red dust.

b) The earth is known to be spherical.

c) The moon is known to have no atmosphere.

d) Carbon atoms are known to form rings and chains.

e) Geometry is believed to be difficult.

f) Oxygen is known to be vital to life.

g) Smoking is said to be bad for you.

h) Acid pollution is known to kill fish.

our neighbours in space

Education

artificial moon

elliptical dr

artificial satellites

polar diameter

equatorial diameter

shape adjective athe

light travels

light years