oral report on urban migration

8/3/2019 Oral Report on Urban Migration

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Urban and Rural

Migration

By

Porfirio B. Tizon

PLM-Graduate School of Management


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OBJECTIVES

Learn the causes of massive rural to urbanmigration that led to the formation ofMega Cities in the Philippines.

Present the institutional urbandevelopment models that implementedan approach, which designed tostrengthen rural-urban linkages(economic, social, physical,environmental) and reduce the magnitudeof internal migration.


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List some of the factors responsiblefor the success as well as some of itsproblems and limitations in

addressing rural-urban migration.

Disseminate lessons learned for

purposes of academic discussions.


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Definition of terms

Urbanization migration of people from rural areas to the

cities or peripheries Urban-refers to cities or town centers

Suburbanization-outskirts of the cities

Migration-movement of people from one geographical region toanother

Urban agglomeration-extended city or town area

Bypass implant urbanism-private property developershave created urban development projects cutting through thecongested and decaying spaces of the public city to allow a freer flowof people and capital, and to implant spaces for new forms ofproduction and consumption into the urban fabric .


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Causes of Rural to Urban

Migration in the Philippines

Lack of capital for enterprise developmentin areas far from major cities

Inability to shift to more efficient andproductive farming technologies on thepart of the farmers who are resisting

change in their traditional farming waysand also their inability to afford the moremodern agricultural technologies beingpropagated.


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Dwindling natural resources in thecountryside

Lack of capital for enterprise developmentin areas far from major cities

Attractiveness of life in the cities due toavailability of services (recreational,health, educational)

Continued armed conflict or insurgency insome regions of the country whichdisrupted the livelihood of ruralcommunities


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Areas of Focus

Economic promotion

Tourism

Land use planning and management

Environmental management

Infrastructure development Basic services delivery

Public safety and security


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Areas of Recommendations

Proper management of urban growthand prevent the occurrence of

problems confronting Metro Manila

due to urban congestion such as highunemployment rates, rapid growth of

informal or slum settlements leading

to deplorable living conditions, trafficcongestion, degradation of the

environment and overall decline in

the quality of life.


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Providing viable livelihood

opportunities to those residing in therural areas by effectively linking themto technology and processing centers,

logistical and distribution channels,thereby, providing a more balancedrural and urban economic

development rather than thedepletion and exhaustion of resourcesin the countryside.


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To effectively address the issue of

environmental sustainability which isat risk if heavy rural to urbanmigration trends continue such as the

presence of informal settlers indanger zones (natural and man-madedisaster risk areas) causing flooding,

earthquake damage and landslidesleading to loss of lives and properties.


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Policies and Programs in Response

to Out migration

Improvement of Conditions in Rural Areas

Creation of Jobs

Livelihood Projects Creation of Countryside Business Enterprises

Dispersal of State Educational Institutions

Enjoining Urban Migrants to Return to their

places of Origin Discouraging the Entry of Migrants to the

City


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EFFECTS OF RURAL

DEPOPULATION

Out migration losses younger and better

educated population Reduction of agricultural productivity

Losses educated labor force

Results in retarded regional and balanceddevelopment


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Decentralization and Making LGUs

Viable Development Institutions

Transfer of substantial national government

funds Technical manpower

Generating more financial resources

Full utilization of Taxing powers Intensifying revenue collections

Exploiting potential sources of income

Institution building strategy


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Urban Development models

Public Choice Model

The Growth machine model

The Value of Place Model

The Controversial Development model


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Public Choice model

market values and motivations drive cityofficials to pursue economic revitalizationwith the goal of attracting more privateinvestment.


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The Growth and machine Model

the systems and the consequences of urbaneconomic development through the actionsof the business and political interests unitedin the growth machine.


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The Value of Place model

A street of residential homes and a shoppingmall with a supermarket represent significantuse values to neighborhood residents. The

street derives value from the fact that localresidents appreciate the homes andsupermarket in their present forms


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The Controversial

Development model pro-growth politicians and business elite try

to dominate economic development in manycities by restricting opposition tocontroversial projects.


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CONCLUSIONS Urban and rural development policies,

plans and programs should be given equal

importance and be properly aligned tominimize inequities and growthimbalances.

Tripartite urban planning, the initiativeshould come from the local governmentand other sectors in the community

including the NGOs and those from theprivate business sector rather than

dictated upon by the central government.


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Top to bottom

Bottom up approach planning Multi-stakeholders participation is

necessary to ensure the ownership of the

programs and projects.

LGUs must be willing to bear a proportional

share of the cost of maintaining the day-to dayoperations


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Municipalities that still have highdependence on internal revenueallotments from the central governmentshould raise their revenue generation and

collection. This will also reduce theinterference of the central government onthe local policies ,plans and programs.


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Continuing capacity building is essential toenhance the technical capacity of LGUs to

meet the development challenges. Privatization of urban development in

Metro Manila as well as regional planninginitiatives in other parts of the country.


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Large property developers shall assumednew planning powers translate it to nationalpolicy and developed visions for developmentin the metropolis and the surrounding mega-urban regions.


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Sharing of Experiences on

the Challenge of Rural-to-Urban

Mobilization and

International Migration


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Hon. Ma. Lourdes Fernando

Marikina City

Facing the Challenges of

Urbanization : The Issue of In-

migration

Hon. Feliciano "Sonny"Belmonte

Quezon City

Hon. Sigfrido Tinga

Taguig City


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Thank You

oral report on urban migration

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