new urbanism and transit: the need for cross-training

New Urbanism and Transit: The Need for Cross-Training

David Taylor, CNU

National Director, Transit-Oriented Design

September 9, 2005

Rail~Volution 2005Building Livable Communities with Transit

Rail~Volution 2005

Transit and Development

Transit - A Single, Powerful Investment that: � Reinforces Healthy Patterns

� Revitalizes By-passed Properties

� Redirects New Development Patterns

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TOD – The Narrow Definition

� 1/4-1/2 Mile Radius

� 5–10 Minute Walk

� Are Proximate to Stations

� Have a Diverse Mix of Uses

� Promote Street and

Sidewalk Connectivity

� Incorporate Public Spaces

� Foster Pedestrian Activity

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TOD Examples

Farmer’s Branch, TX Pasadena, CA

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Beyond the Narrow Definition

� Learn the FTA New Starts Criteria

� Affect the FTA Technical Processes

� Establish Comprehensive Planning and Policy Structure

� Apply New Urbanism to the Full Range of Transit – Systems, Corridors, Districts, Neighborhoods, and TOD

� Understand Mode and Station Typologies

� Expand and Engage the Dialogue

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The Federal Process

� Alternatives Analysis/NEPA Screening

� Preliminary Engineering and DEIS

� Final Design and FEIS

� New Starts Report and Application Process

� FTA Technical Negotiations

� Monitoring and Influencing Statutory and FTA Criteria

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FTA New Starts Criteria

� Land Use - Essential to FTA’s Funding Recommendation

� Criteria - Present and Future Oriented

� Economic Development - A “New” Criterion

� Progressive Levels of Implementation

� Land Use Templates are Provided

� “Place-Making” is a Missing Piece

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FTA New Starts Criteria

� Existing Land Use � Patterns and Character

� Transit-Supportive Plans and Policies� Growth Management

� T-S Supportive Corridor Policies

� Supportive LDRs Near Stations

� Other Implementation Tools

� Performance and Impact of Plans and Policies

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FTA Land Use Criteria

EXISTING

PATTERNS

PLANS

AND

POLICIES

POLICY

PERFORMANCE

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Charlotte: Land Use and Transit

2025 Plan Recommendations

� Expand Transit Services

� Focus Development in Centers and Corridors

� Develop Regional Transit System in Corridors

� Promote Compact, Mixed-Use Development

“An Unique American City for the 21st Century ”

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Charlotte: Land Use and Transit

� Land Use Given Equal Priority with Transportation

� FTA New Starts Criteria as Base

� Land Use Drove HH/Jobs Inputs

� Corridors Designed End-to-End

� Stations are Market-driven

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Layered Policy Structure

Regional Growth Strategy

� Regional Vision

� System Plan

� Growth/Urban Service Boundary

� Transect Application

� Transit- Supportive Land Use Policies

WestNortheast

North

SoutheastSouth

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Corridor Planning� 10-15 Mile Corridors

� Land Use Analyses

� Pattern Analysis and Center Typologies

� Corridor Development and Transit-Supportive Character

COUNTY B

LA

Source: Charlotte Mecklenburg

LEGEND

RAILROAD

STREET

PROPOSE

CORRIDOR

OFFICE/COMMERCI

OFFICE

COMMERCI

MULTI FAMI

SINGLE FAM

LAND USE

6000

Charlotte Corrid

Charlo

Independence B

oulevard

Indepe

ndence Bo

ulevard

NC 51

Matth

ews -Mint Hil l Roa

d

Lawyer

s Road

Lebanon Road

Idlewild Road

I-485

Sam Newell Rd

Sardis Road N

Pinevil

le-M

atth

ews Road

Alex

an

der Road

Providence Road

Sardis Road

Albermarle Road

Marg

aret

Wall

ace Rd

Monroe Road

Provide

nce Road

N Sharo n

Amity Roa

Rama Road

Randolph R

oadShar

on Lane

N Sharon Ami ty R

oad

Central Avenu

Eastway Drive Kilb

orne Dri ve

Fai rv iew Road

Kings Drive

Hawth

orne Lane

The Pl aza

Briar C

reek

R oad

Wendov e

r Road

W

i lson Gro

ve Roa

d

W T Harris Boulevard E

Ful lwood Lane

John St ree

t

Ashley

Farm

Parkview

East

McClintock

Woods

Amity

Gardens

Eastway

ParkSheffieldPark

OakhurstGrier

Heights

Chantilly

Elizabeth

Plaza/

Midwood

Hickory Grove Road

Monroe Road

I -485

Park Road

Park Road

Ca ldwel l St

Trade S

t

4th St

Tryon St INNER CITY

ZONE

OLDER

SUBURBAN

NEWER

SUBURBAN

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Urban Design Structure

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Corridor District and Centers Structure

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Households and Job Creation

� Regional Model Intervention

� Micro-TAZ LU Estimation

� Market Allocation� Priority Station Identification

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Station Area Land Use Analysis

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Opportunities and Constraints

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Station Area Development Potential

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� Station Area Plans

� Use Mix

� Density

� Intensity

� Standards

� Incentives

� Overlay Zoning

� Flexible Standards

� Shared Parking

� Open/Public Space

� Streamlined Permitting

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� Form-based Codes

� Regulating Plan

� Standards

� Blocks

� Lots and Buildings

� Streets and Paths

� Public Spaces

� Architectural

Up to 50’-0” from the

corner, buildings may

extend the full height

limit without

stepping back.

60’-0” maximum height

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Alternative Technologies

Commuter Rail

Light Rail

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Alternative Technologies

Bus Rapid Transit

Streetcar

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Station Typologies

REGIONAL SERVING

DISTRICT SERVING

COMMUNITY SERVING

NEIGHBORHOOD SERVING

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Transit Planning and New Urbanism Intersections

Land Use is a Major Transit Planning

Component – with a FTA Twist

The EIS Phases has “Planning” Elements

� Land Use

� Regulatory

� Socio-Economic

� Public Involvement

Rail~Volution 2005


New Starts Applications

� Regional Growth Management

� Transit- Supportive Land Use Policies

� Standards and Criteria

� Station Area Planning

TOD Design

� Detailed Site Planning

� Form-based Codes

� Site Development

Rail~Volution 2005


Understanding Mode and Station Typologies� Commuter-serving vs. Community-serving

� Station Function, Scale, and Access

Engage and Expand the Dialogue � CNU

� APTA

� FTA

� RA/CTOD

New Urbanism and Transit: The Need for Cross-Training

David Taylor, CNU

National Director, Transit-Oriented Design [email protected]

Rail~Volution 2005Building Livable Communities with Transit

new urbanism and transit: the need for cross-training

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